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Mortality ratesMortality rates
Ashry Gad MohamedAshry Gad Mohamed
Prof. Ashry Gad MohamedProf. Ashry Gad Mohamed
Crude death rateCrude death rate
Total number of deaths in specificTotal number of deaths in specific
year and placeyear and place
X 1000X 1000
Estimated mid year population of the Estimated mid year population of the
same year and placesame year and place
Birth rate:Birth rate: 29.34 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) 29.34 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Death rate: Death rate: 2.58 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) 2.58 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Net migration rate: Net migration rate: -4.94 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 -4.94 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) est.)
Adult Mortality RatesAdult Mortality Rates(probability of death between ages 15 and 60)(probability of death between ages 15 and 60)
39.70%
19.40%
23.50%
17.90%
14.80%
20.30%
9.70%
0.00% 10.00% 20.00% 30.00% 40.00% 50.00%
Sub-Saharan Africa
Middle East/North Africa
South Asia
East Asia/Pacific
South America
Europe/Centtral Asia
Industrialized Countries
Cause specific death rateCause specific death rate
Number of deaths due to specificNumber of deaths due to specific
disease in specific year and placedisease in specific year and place
X 1000X 1000
Estimated mid year population of the Estimated mid year population of the
same year and placesame year and place
Infant Mortality RateInfant Mortality Rate
Number of deaths of children <one yearNumber of deaths of children <one year
In a given year and placeIn a given year and place..
X1000X1000
Total number of live births at the sameTotal number of live births at the same
Year and placeYear and place
Infant Mortality RatesInfant Mortality Rates
Main Causes of DeathMain Causes of Death
Disease or ConditionDisease or ConditionProportion of Under-Proportion of Under-five Deathsfive Deaths
Neonatal IllnessesNeonatal Illnesses33%33%
DiarrheaDiarrhea22%22%
PneumoniaPneumonia21%21%
MalariaMalaria9%9%
AIDSAIDS3%3%
MeaslesMeasles1%1%
OtherOther9%9%
Malnutrition is an underlying cause of 53% of all Malnutrition is an underlying cause of 53% of all child deathschild deathsSource: The Lancet.
Vol.361, June 28, 2003
Causes of infant mortalityCauses of infant mortality
birth defects have been the leading cause of birth defects have been the leading cause of infant mortality. infant mortality.
Prematurity/low birthweight (LBW) was the Prematurity/low birthweight (LBW) was the second leading cause of infant mortality.second leading cause of infant mortality.
sudden infant death syndrome.sudden infant death syndrome. maternal pregnancy complications.maternal pregnancy complications. respiratory distress syndromerespiratory distress syndrome
Infant mortality rate: Infant mortality rate: total:total: 12.81 deaths/1,000 live births 12.81 deaths/1,000 live births male:male: 14.71 deaths/1,000 live births 14.71 deaths/1,000 live births female:female: 10.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 10.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.) est.)
Neonatal mortality rateNeonatal mortality rate
Number of deaths below 28 days of lifeNumber of deaths below 28 days of life
During certain year and placeDuring certain year and place
X 1000X 1000
Total number of live births in the sameTotal number of live births in the same
Year and placeYear and place
Post neonatal mortality ratePost neonatal mortality rate
Number of deaths 28 days to one yearNumber of deaths 28 days to one year
of life during certain year and placeof life during certain year and place
X 1000X 1000
Total number of live births in the sameTotal number of live births in the same
Year and placeYear and place
Neonatal Mortality Relative to Neonatal Mortality Relative to Infant MortalityInfant Mortality
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
Bangladesh
(1999/ 2000)
Ethiopia (2000) Haiti (2000) India (1998/ 99) Nigeria (2003)
Post- Neonatal Deaths
Neonatal Deaths
Death
s p
er
1,0
00 L
ive B
irth
s
Country
Source: Demographic Health Surveys
Preschool mortality ratePreschool mortality rate
Number of deaths of children Number of deaths of children 1-4 year In a given 1-4 year In a given year and place.year and place. X 1000 X 1000 Mid year population at the sameMid year population at the same Year and placeYear and place
Causes of Death in the World Causes of Death in the World Age<5 yrsAge<5 yrs
024
68
10121416
1820
COD
Malaria
Injuries
Mealses
Non Communic.DiseaseOther
Perinatal
Acute Resp.InfectionsDiarrhea
% o
f D
eath
s
~~1111 Million Children Die/year Million Children Die/year (70% From 5 Major Causes)(70% From 5 Major Causes)
Malaria7% ARI
29%
Measles8%
Diarrhea25%
Other31%
Malnutrition 56%
Birth TraumaNeonatal DeathsTetanusFeverLow Birth Weight
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1960 1970 1980 1990 1995 1998 2000
Summit Goal
Global
Latin America and
Caribbean
Asia Near East
Africa
Death
s p
er
1,0
00 L
ive B
irth
s
Year
Under-Five Mortality Rate: Regional and Global Averages
Source: UNICEF Times Series Estimates, 2000
Child Mortality RatesChild Mortality Rates(deaths of children under age five per 1,000 live births)(deaths of children under age five per 1,000 live births)
183
86
13
57
48
54
11
0 50 100 150 200
Sub-Saharan Africa
Middle East/North Africa
South Asia
East Asia/Pacific
Central America/Caribbean
South America
Industrialized Countries
Current SituationCurrent Situation Each year nearly Each year nearly 11 million children die11 million children die before before
the age of five,30,000 every day,largely from the age of five,30,000 every day,largely from preventable causes.preventable causes.
41% of these deaths occur in Africa, which has 41% of these deaths occur in Africa, which has only 10 % of the world’s under-five population.only 10 % of the world’s under-five population.
33% of all child deaths occur in the first month 33% of all child deaths occur in the first month of life.of life.
Maternal Mortality rateMaternal Mortality rate
Number of maternal deaths associate withNumber of maternal deaths associate with
Pregnancy, delivery & puerperium during Pregnancy, delivery & puerperium during certain year and placecertain year and place
X 1000X 1000
Number of live births in the same year Number of live births in the same year
And placeAnd place
Maternal Mortality RatesMaternal Mortality Rates(deaths 100,000 live births)(deaths 100,000 live births)
980
100
560
190
140
210
13
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Sub-Saharan Africa
Middle East/North Africa
South Asia
East Asia/Pacific
Central America/Caribbean
South America
Industrialized Countries
Still birth rateStill birth rate
Number of still births during specificNumber of still births during specific
year and placeyear and place
X 1000X 1000
Total births during that year and placeTotal births during that year and place
Still birth ratioStill birth ratio
Number of fetal deaths of 28 weeks of Number of fetal deaths of 28 weeks of gestation or more in certain year gestation or more in certain year
and placeand place
X 1000X 1000
Number of live births in the same Number of live births in the same
year and placeyear and place
Placental problems.Placental problems. Placental abruption Placental abruption due to pre-eclampsia and smoking.due to pre-eclampsia and smoking.
Birth defects: between 5 and 10 percent of Birth defects: between 5 and 10 percent of stillborn babies have abnormalities involving stillborn babies have abnormalities involving their chromosomes.their chromosomes.
Growth restriction.Growth restriction. Babies who are small Babies who are small for gestational age.for gestational age.
Infections.Infections. Bacterial infections are an Bacterial infections are an important cause of fetal deaths that occur important cause of fetal deaths that occur between 24 and 27 weeks of gestation. between 24 and 27 weeks of gestation.
Proportionate mortality rateProportionate mortality rate
Number of deaths due to a particularNumber of deaths due to a particular
cause during certain year and placecause during certain year and place
X 100X 100
Total number of deaths due to all causesTotal number of deaths due to all causes
in the same year and placein the same year and place
Case fatality rateCase fatality rate
Number of deaths due to a particularNumber of deaths due to a particular
diseasedisease
X 100X 100
Total number of cases of that diseaseTotal number of cases of that disease