MosquitoesontheGO!
GLOBEObserverMosquitoHabitatMapper
RebeccaBoger1andRussanneLow21BrooklynCollege,CUNY
2InsHtuteforGlobalEnvironmentalStrategies.
GLOBE&GOMosquitoes
• Mosquitobornediseases• Mosquitoesthatcarrythesediseases– Lifecycle– Habitats
• Connec
Somefactsandfigures
• In2015malariacaused438,000deaths,mostofthemchildrenunder5yearsold
• Morethan2.5billionpeopleinover100countriesareatriskofcontrac
Mosquitogenerathatcantransmitdiseasestopeople
• Aedes– Chikungunya– Denguefever– RiXValleyfever– Yellowfever– Zika
• Anopheles– Malaria
• Culex– Japaneseencephali
DengueFever
Dengue–mosquitotransmission
DengueandotherdiseasesarecarriedbyAedesaegyp*andAe.albopictusFeralversion:Thewildtypefeedsonbirdsandsmallmammalsandbreedsinrockholesandnaturaldepressions.DomesHcated:(thisiswhatwehaveintheU.S.)Wildlysuccessfulbreedersinandaroundwherehumanslive-becausewemakeandusecontainersthathavestandingwater!
AdultAedesaegyp*.ImagecourtesyofFloridaMedicalEntomologyLaboratory
Daybiter
Femalestakebloodmeal
MosquitoesandtheZikaVirus
• Humanadapted-wecreatehabitatstheylike!
• Biteall
HowZikaspreads
Zikacanbetransmifed• Throughmosquitobites• Fromapregnantwomantoherfetus• Throughsex• Throughbloodtransfusion(verylikelybutnotconfirmed)
Symptoms
12
Source:hfps://www.cdc.gov/zika/intheus/maps-zika-us.html
Above:Es
Source:hfps://www.cdc.gov/westnile/transmission/
WNVTransmission• WestNilevirusismostcommonlytransmifedtohumansby
mosquitoes.• Addi
Mosquitoes-WNV
• Over60specieshavebeenfoundtocarryWNV
• Anopheles,Aedes,Culexandothergenera• Culexconsideredtheprinciplevectors,especiallyCulexpipiens
Source:hfps://diseasemaps.usgs.gov/mapviewer/
hfps://www.cdc.gov/westnile/resources/pdfs/data/4-WNV-Week-Onset_for-PDF_1999-2015_07072016.pdf
Malaria
• Ofabout400Anophelesspecies,30canbemalariavectors
• MalariaiscausedbyPlasmodiumparasites.• Thereare5parasitespeciesthatcausemalariainhumans,and2ofthesespecies–P.falciparumandP.vivax–posethegreatestthreat.– P.falciparumisthemostprevalentmalariaparasiteontheAfricancon
Source:hfps://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/biology/mosquitoes/map.html
GlobalDistribuHon(RobinsonProjecHon)ofDominantorPotenHallyImportantMalariaVectors
LifeCycleTheegg, larvaeandpupaestagesofthemosquito lifecyclearedependentonwater.TheGOMosquitoAppfocusesoncollec
Mosquitoes,EnvironmentandWeather
Image:CDC. 22
Hurricanes?Unusuallyhighrainfall:createsnewbreedingsiteswherenoneexistedbefore.Unusuallylowrainfallcanchangehabitatscanconcentratewaterintosmallpoolswheretherewaspreviouslyflowingwater.• Increaseinpropor
Can’tquiteseemosquitoesfromhere!
YouCan’tSeeMosquitoesfromSpace
“I don't see mosquitoes from satellites,unfortunately, but I see the environmentwheremosquitoes are,” says Felix Kogan ofthe NOAA Satellite and Informa
WhyCollectMosquitoData?
Globally, there is a major effort to use data fromsatellitestopredicttheonset,decline,andspreadofvector-bornediseases.Reliableground-baseddataarehelpful for the development of realis
PROJECT SLAM!
Theappexplainshowyoucancollectasampletoexaminethelarvae.