Weblog: http://phanikiran2informative.wordpress.com/ Dussehra is a popular festival celebrated by Hindus all over India, albeit with different names. It is also known as Vijayadashmi ('Vijay' meaning 'victory' and 'Dashmi meaning 'tenth day), as it is believed that it was on this day that Lord Rama killed the demon-king, Ravana and rescued his abducted wife - Sita. In other words, it signifies the triumph of good over evil. The legendary triumph is re-enacted to the day. In the northern parts of India, huge effigies of Ravana, his giant brother Kumbhkarna and son Meghnath are placed in vast open grounds. Fireworks and crackers are placed inside the effigies. Actors dressed as Rama, his wife Sita and brother Lakshmana enact the final moments of the battle, at the Ramlila ground. After the enactment of the climax of the war with Ravana, the character playing Rama shoots an arrow with a flaming tip at the effigies from a safe distance and the crowd bursts up in cheer, as the crackers catch fire. The enthusiasm and the cheers sometimes even drown the deafening blast. Merriment ensues, as people indulge themselves games, dance and music that are held at the fair. Bengalis celebrate Dussehra as a part of their main festival - Durga
Dussehra is a popular festival celebrated by Hindus all over India, albeit with different names. It is also known as Vijayadashmi ('Vijay' meaning 'victory' and 'Dashmi meaning 'tenth day), as it is believed that it was on this day that Lord Rama killed the demon-king, Ravana
and rescued his abducted wife - Sita. In other words, it signifies the triumph of good over evil. The legendary triumph is re-enacted to the day. In the northern parts of India, huge effigies of Ravana, his giant brother Kumbhkarna and son Meghnath are placed in vast open grounds. Fireworks and crackers are placed inside the effigies.
Actors dressed as Rama, his wife Sita and brother Lakshmana enact the final moments of the battle, at the Ramlila ground. After the enactment of the climax of the war with Ravana, the character playing
Rama shoots an arrow with a flaming tip at the effigies from a safe distance and the crowd bursts up in cheer, as the crackers catch fire. The enthusiasm and the cheers sometimes even drown the deafening blast. Merriment ensues, as people indulge themselves games, dance and music that are held at the fair.
Bengalis celebrate Dussehra as a part of their main festival - Durga
Puja. This day marks the end of Durga Pooja celebrations, the preceding nine days being collectively referred to as 'Navarathri'. Vijayadashmi is dedicated to Mother Goddess Shakti, who incarnated in the form of Goddess Durga, a combined manifestation of the divine energies of the Holy Trinity - Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesh and all the
other devatas, when they summoned her to kill the mighty demon known as Mahishasura and freed the world from his terror.
On Vijayadashmi, the idols of Goddess Durga are immersed into water, after the nine days of festivities. It is said that the people of the earth in the eastern state of West Bengal adopted Durga as their daughter and thus, she visits the home of her parents every year, during the last four days of Navarathri, along with her sons Ganesha
and Kartikeya, and daughters Lakshmi and Saraswathi. She finally leaves for her husband's place on Vijayadashmi. Similar customs are seen in Orissa and Assam. In the North-eastern state of Tripura, huge fairs are conducted and effigies of Ravana, Meghnath and Kumbhkarna are burnts at Ramlila maidans.
In the southern states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala, Vijayadashmi holds special significance. The day is considered auspicious for starting education or any form of art, such as dance and music. Saraswathi Puja is conducted on the day, when the formal commencement of education of small kids takes place. It is called 'Vidya aarambham'
(the beginning of Vidya, meaning education). In Karnataka (especially Mysore) and Andhra Pradesh, Dussehra is celebrated with fanfare. Huge processions can be witnessed in both the States. Although Dussehra is celebrated in different ways across India, the motive
Goddess Durga often with her image embossed on the side is placed in the prayer room. The kalash is filled with holy water and covered with cowdung on to which seeds are sown. A small rectangular sand block is made and the kalash is put in the centre. The surrounding bed of sand is also seeded with grains.
The Ghatasthapana ritual is performed at a certain auspicious moment determined by the pundits. At that particular moment the priest intones a welcome, requesting goddess Durga to bless the vessel with Her presence. At several places there is a tradition of sowing barley seeds during the Durga Puja - Navarathri period. In this a small bed of mud is prepared in a little container and barley seeds are sown in it. This is placed in the Puja room and cared for during the Navarathri period. At the end of Navarathri the shoots reach a height of 3-5 inches. These are pulled out and given to devotees as form of blessings. Navarathri Dwitiya – 2nd day
Brahmacharini Dhyana mantra is recited on the second day of Durga Navarathri.
Dadhanakara Padmabhyam akshamala kamandalam
Devi prasidathu mayi brahmacharinya nuththama Second day of Navarathri is known as Dwitiya Navarathri Durga Puja or Sindhara Dooj. In 2011, second day during Chaitra Navarathri on 5th April 2011. The Goddess to worship during the second day of Navaratras varies from place to place. Navdurga Goddesses, Dasa Mahavidya Shaktis, and Saptamatruka and Ashtamatruka Goddesses are worshipped in Navarathri Puja. As a part of Navadurga Puja, Goddess Brahmacharini Puja is observed on the second day. Tara puja is celebrated as part of Dasamahavidya puja and in Saptamtrika worship, Maheshwari puja is observed.
Sri Bala Tripura Sundari Devi is worshipped in Vijayawada Kanakadurga Temple. (AP)
Second day of Navarathri is also known as Sindhara Dooj in North Indian states. It is also celebrated as Preethi Dwitiya, Sowbhagya Dwitiya, or Sthanya Vriddhi Gauri Vratham in South Indian states. As part of Nine colours of Navarathri 2011, on second day (April 5th), Grey coloured dresses / sarees will be worn by devotees.
Third day of Navarathri is celebrated as Maha Tritiya Navarathri Durga Puja or Sindhur Tritiya or Sowbhagya Teej or Gauri Teej. Navdurga and Dasamahavidya Goddesses are worshipped during Navarathri puja in North Indian states but in South India Navadevi avataras are worshipped. In Tamil Nadu and Kerala, Saptamatrika and Ashtamatrika puja is observed. Mahalakshmi Puja is observed during Navadevi puja in South Indian temples. Vijayawada Sri Kanakadurga is decorated and worshipped as Mahalakshmi on third day of Dasara Navarathri celebrations. Chandraghanta Puja is performed as part of Navadurga worship. Chinnamasta Dashamahavidya is the Goddess to worship on third day as part of Navarathri Dasamahavidya puja. Koumari Puja is observed as part of Saptamatruka and Ashtamatruka Puja in Tamil Nadu and Kerala. Third day of Navarathri is celebrated with lot of gusto in Maharashtra and Gujarat where it is known as auspicious day to perform Suvasini Puja (worship to married women).
Navarathri Chaturthi – 4th day
See Navarathri Special the below pages… Durga Suktam http://www.youtube.com/v/M4xFGa37oB8&rel=0&hl=en_US&feature=player_embedded&version=3 Classical Durga Bhajan http://www.youtube.com/v/s55wW98pyz8&rel=0&hl=en_US&feature=player_embedded&version=3 Shri Ram Charitmanas Tulsi Ramayana http://www.raaga.com/a/?HD000053 Rajrajeshwari Stotram http://www.hindulive.com/2008-rajarajeshwari-ashtakam Durga Arti
Devotional Songs and Bhajans: Durga Devi Namostute
Stotram – Jai Jai Jai KashipuradhishvariSri Annapurna Ashtakam (Stotram) is a devotional prayer addressed to Goddess Annapurneswari, the queen mother of Varanasi. “Oh! Mother Annapurna! renderer of the support of
Durga Mantras Stuti –Jai Mata Di Durga Mantras Devi Mahatmyam Ya devi sarvabhuteshu, Vishnu mayeti shabdita, Namastastyai Namastastyai Namastastyai namo namaha… Jai Mata Di..
Argala Stotram by Anuradha Paudwal: Some important slokas of Argala Stotram (Durga Saptashati), sung by Anuradha Paudwal. By chanting this we get: 1. Rupam (Beauty) 2. Yash (Prosperity) 3. Destruction of …
Dhyanam – Durga Saptashati (Devi Mahatmyam) This dhyanam appears in the First Chapter of the Durga Saptashati/Devi Mahatmyam which is the slaying of the demons Madhu and Kaitabh.
Durga Suktam Durga Suktam…this hymn is an invocation to Mother Durga for Her protection and Grace. || Jai Mata Di ||
Mahisasur Mardini Stotram: Mahishasur Mardini Stotram in Sanskrit
Durga Bhajan – from Movie Kranti: This Devotional Song in the praise of Goddess Durga. It is from old Hindi film Kranti.
Hindi Movie Avatar 1983: Chalo Bulava aaya hai…Mata ne bulaya hai… Sare Jag Mein ek thinkana Sare gam ke maron kaa….. super hit Devotional Song in praise of Ma Vaishno …
Durga Chalisa – by Anuradha Paudwal: Namo Namo Durge Sukh Karani…Namo Namo Ambe Dukh Harani
Arti by Anuradha Paudwal: Jay Ambe Gauri Maya…. Jay Shyama Gauri
Arti by Narendra Chanchal: Bhor Bhai Din Chad Gaya Meri Ambe. Ho rahi Jaikaar Mandir Vich…..A very special Navaratri arti of Goddess mother Durga, beautifully sung by Bhajan Gayak …
Jai Ma Vaishno Devi Tune Mujhe Bulaya sherawaliyen….Mata Ki Bhaint (Devotional song) from Hindi Movie Asha
Jai Jai Maa: Mere Man ke Andh Tamas…. Devi Maa’s Bhajan by Jagjit Singh
Lalitha Panchami, also spelt as Lalitha Panjami, is the most auspicious day in Durga Navarathri puna. Lalitha Panchami is celebrated on the fifth day of Durga Navarathri. Lalitha Panchami is dedicated to the Red Goddess, Lalitha Tripura Sundari Devi, one of the forms of Goddess Shakthi. The main purpose of Lalitha devi avataram was to annihilate Bhadasur, a demon formed from the ashes of Kama deva. Lalitha Panchami is the Jayanthi or the appearance day of Goddess Lalitha. Hence, Lalitha Jayanthi is also observed on Lalitha Panchami. Lalitha Tripura Sundari devi is worshipped on the fifth day during Durga Navarathri in South India. Goddess Skandamata is worshipped in some places on fifth day, whereas Upang Lalitha Puja is performed in some other places. Chinnamastha Devi is also worshipped on the fifth day of Durga Navarathri Pooja.
Sixth day of Navarathri is celebrated as Durga Sashthi or Maha Shashthi. On this day, Durga Devi is adorned and worshipped as Maha Saraswathi Devi. Katyayani Puna is observed as part of Navadurga Puja in Shaktheya Sampradaya. Goddess Tripura Bhairavi or Kalabhairavi Dasamahavidya is worshipped by those who observed Dasamahavidya puja during Navarathri on sixth day. Indrani Puja is observed by those who pray to Saptamatrika or Ashtamatrika Goddesses in Navarathri days. Saraswathi Ashtakam, Saraswathi Shatanamavali, Katyayani stotram and Tripura Bhairavi Ashtakam are most revered stotras to worship Goddess Durga on Maha Sashthi during Navarathri. In some places of West Bengal, Assam and other Eastern parts of India, Durga Puja begins on Maha Sasthi, sixth day of Navarathri. Kalparambho, Akal Bodhon Amantran are performed on Maha Sasthi.
Maha Saptami – 7th day
Sixth day of Navarathri is celebrated as Maha Saptami (7th day) or Durga Saptami. It is also observed as Saraswathi Avahana day as part of Saraswathi Puja during Navarathri Durga Puja. Saraswathi Puja during Navarathri is also known as Saraswathi Triratra Vratam or Devi Triratra Vratham. As per Navadevi Durga Puja sampradaya, Devi Durga is adorned and worshipped as Goddess Mahalakshmi (Mahalakshmi alankaram). Kalratri Navadurga is worshipped as part of Navadurga Puja. Dhumathi is the Goddess to worship on Maha Saptami as part of Dasamahavidya puja in Navarathri. Chamundi Devi Puja is observed as per Saptamatrika and Ashtamatrika puja rituals. On Mahasaptami Durga, in Bengal and Assam, Nabapatrika and Kalabou snan ritual are performed.
The seventh and eighth days of Durga Puja are two of the most auspicious days of the great Bengali festival. (You’ll notice a lot of ‘Maha’ in Hindu festivals. It’s a prefix meaning ‘great’.)
The morning of maha saptami (seventh day) is taken up with the worship of the deity, followed by anjali when a devotee offers prayers and flowers on an empty stomach, amidst the chanting of mantras to the Goddess. Only then can one make a beeline for the prasad (sweetmeat offered to the deity).
The lunchtime meal is called Bhog. By evening, the streets pulse with the sounds of the dhaki drums and the pandals buzz with anticipation of Maha Ashtami.
Durgashtami – 8th day
Eight day of the Navaratri and Durga Puja celebrations. Durgastami is also known as Mahashtami and is one of the important days of Durga Puja and a fasting is undertaken by many people. Weapons of Goddess Durga are worshipped on the day and it is known Astra Puja. The day is also known as Virashtami as there are displays using arms or martial arts. It is one of the most important day for Goddess Worship in Hindu religion. There is also a belief in some regions that Goddess Kali appeared from the forehead of Durga on this day to annihilate Chanda and Munda and Rakthabija. During the Durga Puja rituals on Mahashtami day the 64 Yoginis and Ashtanayikas – the eight consorts – of Durga are also worshipped. The eight consorts of Durga, also known as Eight Shaktis, are interpreted differently in different regions of India. But ultimately all the eight goddesses are incarnations of Shakti with different aims. Sometimes they are also an attempt to give form to a particular aspect of Shakti. The Ashtanayikas that are worshipped during Durga Puja are Brahmani, Maheswari, Kameswari, Vaishnavi, Varahi, Narasinghi, Indrani and Chamunda. Numerous minor deities including many attendants and guards of Durga are worshipped on the day. A fast is observed by staunch Durga devotees on Durga Ashtami. Both men and women observe the fast. Shakti temples conduct special pujas on the day and are visited by millions of devotees. Durgashtami day ends with Sandhi puja, which overlaps into the next day which is the Mahanavami day.
Maha Navami – 9th day
Mahanavami is celebrated on Ashwin Shukla Paksha Navami, the ninth and the final day of Durga Navarathri. On this day, the goddess Durga is worshipped in the form of Aparajita, by offering her sugarcane stalks. Mahishasura Mardhini Puja is also
observed on Mahanavami, when the Goddess Durga is decorated and worshipped in the form of Mahishasuramardhini alankaram.
Matangi Dasamahavidya too, is worshipped on Mahanavami as a part of Dasamahavidya pooja in Navarathri. Mukteshwari is the Goddess to be worshipped on ninth day of Navarathri as part of Saptamatrika and Ashtamatrika puja. As per Hindu beliefs, Durga pooja on Maha Navami is equivalent to the Durga pooja performed on all nine days of Durga Navaratri.
Goddess Siddhidatri puja is also performed on Mahanavami day, by the Navadurga Shakteya sampradaaya people. In Bihar, Kashmir, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Bihar; Kanya Puja is performed, when nine young virgin girls (kumarika), are worshipped, who symbolically represent the nine forms of the goddess Durga.Their feet are washed, kumkumis applied on the forehead and they are feasted and given gifts and new clothes by the worshippers.
On Mahanavami day, in South Indian states especially in Kerala, Ayudha (arms) Pooja is performed Tools, instruments, muiscal instruments and books are worshipped. The next day of Mahanavami is observed as Vijaya Dashami. In some rural places, Janthu bali (animal sacrifices) are performed on Mahanavami daywhich is against the Hindu culture and society.
Suvasini Puja, Kanya Puja, Dampati Puja, etc. are observed on Mahanavami day in Navarathri. In some places of Thelangaana region of Andhra Pradesh, Bathukamma festival is celebrated. On this final day Saraswathi Visarjan (immersion) or Saraswathi Udyapan is done. It also concludes the Devi Triratra vrata (3-day or 3-night Devi vrata).
Dasara or Vijayadashmi – 10th day
Vijayadashmi, Durgadasami (Dasara, Dussehra), is celebrated on Shukla Paksha Dasami in Ashwin month. It is celebrated to commemorate the victory of good over evil. On this day, Mother Goddess Shakti demolished bufello demon Mahishasura. Usually, Navarathri Durga Puja concludes on this day. And, Lord Shri Rama killed demon king Ravanasura and returned to his kingdom Ayodhya where his people celebrated the festival of success (Vijayadashmi). On the day of Vijaya Dashmi, Ravanasura, who is also called Dashakanta was killed, to commemorate his defeat this festival is also called as 'Dussehra' / Dasara / Dasara. 'Ravanasura Vadha' - a tradition of blasting the idol of Ravana is performed on Vijaya Dashmi in some places in India. Simollanghan, Shami Puja and Ayudha pooja are main rituals in North India during Vijayadashmi. In Kerala and some places of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, Vidyarambham or Saraswathi Pooja is the main ritual of the day.
Navarathri Colours – Dress Colours during Navaratri During the nine days of Navarathri there is a custom of wearing different colour dress – Sarees (Sari) and Churidhar – mainly in Gujarat and Maharashtra. Information on what are the Navarathri colours usually appears a couple of days before in local Gujarati and Marathi newspapers. This is the latest information regarding the nine colours of Navarathri.
Note - These colours confirmed by Maharashtra Times (September 25, 2011) and
Bombay Times (September 26, 2011) Please refer with the local newspapers that publish the Navaratri colours so that you don’t make mistake in dressing for Navarathri to office and prayers. The nine Navarathri colours for 2011 are:
Pratipada – 1st Day - Blue
Dwitiya/Tritiya – 2nd Day - Yellow
Chaturthi – 3rd Day - Green
Panchami – 5th Day - Grey
Sashti – 6th Day - Orange
Saptami – 7th Day - White
Ashtami – 8th Day - Red
Navami – 9th Day - Purple
Vijayadashmi – 10th Day - Pink
History of Dussehra
One of the popular Hindu festivals, Dussehra is celebrated with pomp and gaiety. Since ages, a number of rituals are performed to please the Almighty, on the ceremonious occasion. It is the climax of the nine-day long celebrations of 'Navratris', which precede it. The festival commemorates the victory of Lord Rama over Ravana. Apart from the legend from the epic Ramayana, and the story of the triumph of Goddess Durga over Mahishasura, a vibrant history is associated with the festival. In this article, we have provided interesting information on the history of Dussehra. History & Origin Of Dusshera Triumph Of Lord Rama Over Ravana
The celebration of Dussehra is rooted in the Hindu epic of Ramayana, according to which, Lord Rama, the eight incarnation of Lord Vishnu, killed the ten-headed demon Ravana, in Satyug. Ravan had abducted Rama's wife Sita. Rama, along with his brother Lakshmana, follower Hanuman and an army of monkeys, headed towards Lanka (Ravana's Kingdom) in order to enter a war with Ravana and rescue Sita. On his way to Lanka, Rama organized Chandi Pooja to seek the blessings of Ma Durga, the Goddess of power and courage. After seeking her blessings, Lord Rama defeated and killed Ravana, with the help of his fellow beings. Therefore, the day was celebrated to commemorate the victory of Rama over Ravana, which later came to be known as Vijayadashmi or Dussehra. Assassination Of Mahishasura By Goddess Durga Another legend is connected to Goddess Durga. According to the story, all the Gods in swarglok and the living beings on earth were upset by the tyranny of the demon Mahishasura, because he had acquired invincible power to conquer the world. He was undefeatable, even by the mighty deities - Lord Brahma, Lord Vishnu and Lord Shiva. Therefore, all the Gods decided to create a power, which would destroy Mahishasura, freed the living beings from his despotism and restore the swaglok to them. This gave rise to the creation of Goddess Durga, an avatar of Ma Shakti. With the weapons given to her by the Gods, Goddess Durga went to fight against Mahishasura. She defeated the demon, successfully, and restored the swaglok to the Gods, as promised. Her victory is celebrated as Vijayadashmi or Dusshera, by many people following Hinduism. Rain Of Gold Coins According to a story, Kautsa, the young son of Devdatta (a Brahmin), was residing in the city of Paithan. After pursuing his education under the guidance of Rishi Varatantu, he wanted to offer a dakshina to his Guru. Although the guru refused initially, he later asked for 140 million gold coins. The student approached King Raghu for the coins, because he was renowned for his generosity. Within three days of the student's request, King Raghu asked the God of Wealth - Kuber - to create a rain of gold coins near the apati and shanu trees. After presenting the promised gold coins to his guru, Kautsa distributed the rest of the coins to the needy, on the day of Dussehra. Since then, people loot the leaves of apati trees and present to each other as a symbol of gold, on Dussehra. Shami Tree Another legend connected to the origin of Dusshera finds place in the greatest Hindu epic - Mahabharata. According to a story, Pandavas where banished by Kauravas for 12 years and 1 year of disguise, because the former were defeated in gambling (chausar) by the latter. Subsequently, Pandavas decided to spend their first 12 years of exile in the woods and the last year in disguise. Since they were asked to remain incognito during that period, Pandavas did not want to be exposed to others. Therefore, they lay aside their divine and powerful weapons during the exile. They concealed their weapons under the shami tree, situated close to the place of their residence. At the end of every year of the exile, Pandavas came to the shami tree to check whether their weapons were there. Whenever Pandavas approached the tree, they worshipped it and Goddess Durga, the presiding deity. In the mean time, Kauravas were making every attempt to trace Pandavas, so that they could extend the exile time, because it was said that if they were found, they would have to spend another 12 years in the woods. However, the Kauravas could find the Pandavas only past the stipulated time. Subsequently, the Kauravas went to the shami tree, fetched their concealed weapons and went straight to the battle field to fight the Kauravas. Pandavas emerged victorious. The event took place in dasami and since good had achieved victory over the evil, it came to be known as Vijayadashmi. Since then, people hug each other under the shami tree and exchange its leaves.
Dusshera or Dasara or Vijaya Dashmi is one of the most popular Hindu festivals celebrated with great enthusiasm across India. As the time of its observance marks the close of the monsoon season, it is naturally a time for the recommencement of joyful festivals of all kinds. In many Indian states, Dusshera is the main festival. Though the occassion is celebrated everywhere across the country, it is celebrated with greater fanfare in places like Kullu in Himachal Pradesh, Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh, Mysore in Karnataka and in West Bengal. It is the climax of nine day long festivities during the Navaratri.
In Varanasi, Dusshera is celebrated in a sacred and joyous manner. The killing of Ravana by Lord Rama is enacted here in a beautiful way by local actors. Huge effigies of the ten-headed Ravana, his brother Kumbhakarna and his son Meghnada are placed in open spaces. A little distance away an enclosure is made which represents Lanka(Ceylon), Ravana's kingdom. Here the principal events of the rescue of Sita by Rama, as recorded in the Ramayana, are acted. Little boys dress up to play the parts of the other characters like the monkey soldiers of Ramachandra and of course, Hanuman the monkey-general. After the effigies have been set up, local actors dressed as Lord Rama, his consort Sita and his brother Lakshman arrive. The actor dressed as Lord Rama shoots an arrow of fire at the navel of Ravana which also serves to burn the other effigies, all of which are stuffed with explosive material. As the huge structures burn with deafening blasts, shouts of merriment and triumph arise from the spectators. Thereupon, Lord Rama rescues his consort Sitadevi and carries her off in a chariot with further applause. With the burning of the effigies, the assembled people are asked to burn the evil within them, and thus follow the path of virtue and goodness, bearing in mind the example of Ravan, who was destroyed for his evil ways despite having might and monarchy. Fairs are usually held on this occasion with lots to eat, buy and enjoy. Similar celebrations take place annually in other parts of North India on the Dusshera day.
In the southern, eastern and western parts of India, the festival of Navaratri culminates with Dusshera and commemorates the legend of the victory of Goddess Durga over the demon Mahishasura. The vanquishing of Mahishasura is believed to have occured near the present day city of Mysore in Karnataka.
Dusshera is nowhere celebrated in as grand a manner as in Mysore. The south Indian city of Mysore is synonymous with its annual Dusshera procession. In
Mysore, Dusshera is popularly known as Dasara and the celebrations date since about 300 years ago when Raja Wodayar came to the throne of Mysore. He celebrated the festival on a royal scale, and after him, year after year the Dasara has gained in splendour, entertainment and attractiveness. The royal family of Mysore worships Goddess Durga as Devi Chamundeshwari, their patron Goddess. After weeks of feverish preparations, a spectacular procession of floats, entertainers, and elephant wends its way through the streets of the city, complete with the erstwhile scion of the Mysore royal family astride an elephant.
In South India, Dusshera is also the time when little children are ceremonially initiated into the learning of alphabets, a ritual known as Vidyarambha. In West Bengal, it is known as Vijaya Dashami and is an occassion when friends and relatives exchange visits thus building up an atmosphere of cordiality.
For artisans across North India, it is the time to polish the instruments of their profession. Many people use this time as an opportunity to clean, plaster and whitewash their houses and generally put things in order.
In the rural areas, figurines of Goddess Durga are made out of cowdung. These are decorated beautifully and placed on the walls of houses. When the idols dry up, offerings are made and barley is sown before them. On the eighth or ninth day the idols are thrown into a river or pond accompanied by jayaddhani (victory-cries).
In Kullu, the capital town of the Kullu District of Himachal Pradesh, Dusshera witnesses exuberant festivities for one whole week. The history of Kullu Dusshera dates back to the 17th century when the local King Jaganand brought an idol of Lord Raghunath from Ayodhya and installed it on his throne as a mark of penance. After this Lord Raghunath came to be known as the ruling deity of the Kullu Valley. The Dusshera celebrations of Kullu commence nearly ten days in advance. The week-long festivities come to an end with the sacrifice of a buffalo, a rooster, a lamb, a fish and a crab.
The Dusshera day is regarded as an auspicious occassion to launch new ventures. It has also always been special to the military classes, who consider it auspicious to set out on an expedition just after the festival.
Dasara Gift Ideas Apparels The safest and most indispensable gift for any festive occassion. Everywhere across the world you can find people wearing and gifting new dresses to their close ones to celebrate an occassion. While traditional dresses like Sarees, Chaniya Cholis and Bandhani Lehanga (for women) and Dhoti Kurta/Pyjama kurta or Sherwani (for men) are considered good festive gifts, it is best to think about the tastes of your recipients and make the purchases accordingly. You can even go for the latest designer clothes from popular brands which, these days, are quite a hit with young men and women. Sweets 'Mithais' or sweets are an essential part of any Hindu festival. Giving sweets as a gift shows the eagerness on the part of the giver to share the festive merriment with the reciever. It is an age-old manner of celebrating a festival. It can well be said that sweets truly complete the celebration of every joyful Hindu festival. You can either buy a bundle of a single type of sweets or a mixed pack containing different kinds of sweets. These days, many shops offer readymade sweets in beautiful packs enveloped with gift wrappers. In case you cannot decide on any other gift, a big sweet pack will be the perfect Dasara present for your friends, relatives and acquaintances. However, check whether your recipient is a diabetic or your well-chosen gift is going to be a major flop!
Jewellery Ornaments are the ever-popular gifts for women and Dasara is one of those special times when you must buy a jewellery for a woman you are close to - your mother, sister, wife or sweetheart. Silver or gold pendants, bangles, bracelets or necklace are good gifts, if you have a pocket deep enough. These days, many watch stores bring out special gold, silver or platinum designer watches to mark a festival and you can buy one of these and give as a Dasara gift to the women dear to you. Silver/Gold Coins Dasara is primarily a religious occassion and you would do well to gift religious gift items like gold or silver coins featuring images of Goddess Durga, Goddess Lakshmi or Maa Shakti. These are quite popular gifts and are supposed to bring happiness and prosperity to the homes of the recipient. Besides these, you can gift other auspicious items such as Mata ki Chunrees, Mata ka Chattar, Goddess' Murti (idols), Rudraksha Lockets etc. Other gifts: Puja accessories, decorative items, home appliances, gift hampers etc.
Legends of Dusshera
The history of Dussehra is an ancient one and derives its origin from a number of popular legends found in the scriptures.
According to popular belief, Dussehra celebrates the victory of Goddess Durga over the wicked demon Mahishasura who, according to legend, belonged to Mysore. The history of the festival has its origin in a puranic story concerning the killing of Mahishasura (Bandasura who took the form of a buffalo) and his comrades Chanda and Munda by Goddess Kali. The fight went on for nine days and nights and on the tenth day Goddess Kali killed them near the hill. Hence, Kali came to be known as Chamundeshwari and the hill where the demons were killed as the Chamundi Hill, sacred to the deity. Chamundeshwari is the family deity of the royal family of Mysore and is sacred to the Rajas and the people of Mysore. The Royal family of Mysore worships Chamundeshwari with great fervour. The word Mysore is said to be derived from Mahishur. The festival commences with puja(worship service) to the deity. Celebrated by the royal family of Mysore, Dussehra has become an important State festival of Karnataka.
Dussehra also has its roots in the Indian epic 'Ramayana'. It is widely held that the festival actually commemorates the killing of the great demon king of Lanka, Ravan, by Lord Rama. The epic mentions how Lord Rama, the god-incarnate, went to serve
a period of exile for 14 years under the order of his father. Along with his devoted wife Sita and his faithful brother Lakshmana, Rama faced many hardships during this period prominent among which was the abduction of Sita by the ten-headed Ravana. On a similar day as Dussehra in Satyug, Ram (the eighth incarnation of Lord Vishnu), is said to have killed Ravan, who had abducted his wife Sita. With brother Lakshman, follower Hanuman, and an army of monkeys on his side Rama fought a great battle for ten days to rescue his wife. Since then, the observance of Dussehra is more in admiration of Lord Rama than Goddess Durga. The word "Dussehra" can also be interpreted as "Dasa-Hara", which stands for the cutting of the ten heads of Ravana by Lord Rama. Dussehra is celebrated by many people of Northern India to commemorate this victory of Lord Rama.
The origin of Dussehra can also be traced to the other great Hindu epic Mahabharata. According to the Mahabharat, in the thirteenth year of their exile, the Pandavas had to live in complete concealment and Arjuna the Pandav prince, disguised himself as a eunuch called Brihannala. So he hid his celestial weapons in a Vanni tree(or Shami tree). After a year, when the period of concealment was over, he retrieved his weapons on the day of Dussehra and the Pandava brothers worshipped the weapons along with the Vanni tree. Thus, the Vanni tree became sacred to the Pandavas and the Maharaja of Mysore who traces descent from them also reveres the Vanni tree. In Mysore the Vanni tree is worshipped with the observance of many sacred rituals.
According to another legend, the festival is linked to a young Brahmin boy Kautsa. Kautsa, the young son of a Brahmin named Devdatt, was living in the city of Paithan. After studying under the tutelage of Rishi(sage) Varatantu, Kautsa insisted that his guru accept his gurudakshina(the voluntary fee or gift offered in olden days by a Hindu disciple to his guru at the end of his training). Initially Varatantu refused but to test his disciple he later asked for 140 million gold coins, one hundred million for each of the subjects he taught. The obedient student went to the ruler of the land, King Raghu, to ask for the money. King Raghu was famous for his generosity, but when he heard the demand of his subject he fell into deep thinking because just a while ago he had emptied all his coffers on the Brahmins, after performing the Vishvajit sacrifice. He asked Kautsa to give him three days’ time. He immediately left to get the gold coins from Lord Indra. Lord Indra summoned Kuber, the god of wealth, and told him to make a shower of gold coins on the “Shanu” and “Aapati” trees round King Raghu’s city of Ayodhya. This is what Kuber did and after presenting the promised amount to his tutor, Kautsa distributed the rest of the coins among the poor people on the day of Dussehra. In Ayodhya, this great event is still observed with the people looting the leaves of the apati trees and presenting them to each other as “sone” (gold).
Rituals of Dussehra
Acquaint yourself with some of the most popular rituals of the Dussehra festival. Most of these are thousands of years old and are still observed with great excitement.
For many people, Dussehra is the time to clean, plaster and whitewash their houses and generally put things in order. It is the occassion when people decorate the entrance of their houses with torans, and flower-studded strings.
The ritual of Vidyarambha is widely practiced in South India and sees little children getting ceremonially initiated into the learning of alphabets.
In West Bengal, Dussehra is the final day of the ten day Durga Puja celebrations and is known as Vijaya Dashami. Beautiful clay idols of Goddess Durga and her children - Ganesh, Kartik, Laxmi and Saraswati are set up inside grand makeshift marquees known as pandals and worshipped from the sixth day onwards. On the tenth day, Vijaya Dashami, these are taken out in grand processions through the streets in the accompaniment of songs and loud drumbeats and immersed in the holy water of the Ganges or in the water of a nearby lake or pond. The immersion of the idol of Goddess Durga and her offsprings signify the Goddess' return to her husband Lord Shiva’s home in Mount Kailash along with her children. Elsewhere in the country, this ritual is known as Durga Nimajjan or Durga Visarjan and is the last and concluding event of Durga Navarathri. It is also the day when married women play with vermilion (Sindur), an act known as Sindur Khela which is observed only in Bengal. It is an occassion when friends and relatives exchange visits thus building up an atmosphere of cordiality.
The Dussehra ritual of Sindur Khela is particular only to the state of West Bengal. It has married Bengali women playing with vermilion (Sindur) among themselves. For the members of the Bengali community, it is an occassion when friends and relatives exchange visits thus building up an atmosphere of cordiality.
In the Southern parts of India, Dussehra is known as Dasara and is celebrated on the occasion of Navaratri. On this day, people worship the idol of Durga with utmost devotion. They pray to the Goddess for peace and prosperity in their families. The puja (worship) is done in the morning in the puja room (worship chamber) and no specific decoration is required, but if one likes, one can make a chowk on the floor.
In some parts of India, it is a custom to look for a "khaujan" or wagtail (motacella alba) on Dussehra day. The search for the wagtail is fraught with omen. If the wagtail is found taken, near lotus flowers or among elephants, cows, horses or snakes, it forebodes conquest and good luck; if however on ashes, bones or refuse, evil may follow and the gods must be propitated - Brahmans must be fed and a medicinal bath taken.
Everyone wears good clothes with zari and gota as on all festive occassions. It is said that if one wears a set of new clothes on this day, one shall get ten sets of new clothes in the coming year. There is no compulsory wearing of the chunri, but there is no taboo on donning it either. A chonp on the forehead is a must.
A well-known Dussehra tradition is to worship all weapons, tools, instruments, pens and pencils, because they are the means of fighting injustice, ignorance and evil. These items are placed in front of the gods. A foolscap paper is decorated all around the edges with 'aipun' and a 'swastik' is placed on the top of this paper that is reminiscent of the Aryan origin of the inhabitants of India. The eldest member of the family then writes on this paper:
Uttar ka ghoda, Dakshin ka neer
Paschim ka varda, Purav ka cheer
The foregoing couplet is about the famous things obtained from the four corners of India and it focusses children's attention onto them. The names of all those assembled are then added onto the paper. It would be better if everybody present signed it, as it is a record of the people present during the puja that year. The month,
date and year are added to the paper and it is glued on with atta(dough) near the gods.
On Dussehra, usually a big lunch or dinner is arranged for the sons-in-law and the daughters of the family. The daughter brings a 'teeka', which is akin to Raksha Bandhan or Bhai Dooj observances except that in Dussehra there is no presentation of money by the brothers. This is a day of family get-togethers and feasting with no restriction on serving meat and hard drinks. It is a time for total, unrestricted enjoyment.
On this day, all articles that are used for progress and prosperity of mankind are worshipped. For artisans across North India, it is the time to polish the instruments of their profession. All vehicles like cars, trucks and buses are also worshipped by the individuals using them. On Dussehra morning, drivers clean and polish their vehicles with great solemnity and patience, and then perform the puja of the vehicles. A symbol of the swastik is drawn with roli, aipun and rice on the already cleaned and polished vehicle. The ritual is observed even in the armed forces, police and paramilitary organisations.
In Northern India, it is widely believed that Lord Rama vanquished the demon king Ravana on a similar Dussehra day about 10,000 years ago and the festival is henceforth celebrated in commemoration of this event. A few of the outstanding events of the epic are dramatized in the form of a pantomime called "Ram Lila". The performance ends with the burning of effigies of Ravana often along with similar structures of his son Meghnada and his brother Kumbhakarna (stuffed with firecrackers) amidst great cheer and rejoicing. The "Ram Lila" is a highly popular Dussehra tradition observed across the states of North India.
In parts of Uttar Pradesh, the day is associated with the ancient legend of the young Brahmin boy Kautsa's act of distributing gold coins among the poor people on the day of Dussehra. As a commemoration, people in Uttar Pradesh collect leaves of the apati trees(Banni leaves), euphemestically calling them “sone” (gold) and using them to greet their friends and relatives as a ceremonial gift reminiscent of the actual gold distributed by Kautsa.
In Kullu, the capital town of the Kullu District of Himachal Pradesh, Dussehra witnesses exuberant week-long festivities. The rituals observed at the end of the Kullu Dussehra celebrations consist of the sacrifice of a buffalo, a rooster, a lamb, a fish and a crab.
T-Tripur Sundari U-Uma V-Vaishnavi W-Warahi Y-Yati Z-Zyana Durga Sapta Shati : 700 Slokas on Shri Durga from Markandeya Purana Devi-Bhagavatam or the Devi Mahatmyam (Durga saptashati, 700 verses on Durga) during Navaratra to invoke the blessings of Mother Durga. Devi Bhagavatam notes that Lord Rama meditated and fasted for nine days after Devi Sita was kidnapped by Ravana. The reading of Devi Mahaatmyam during Navaraatri is to be done follows: Chapter 1 (Madhu kaitabha samhaara) is to be read for 1st day, Chapter 2, 3 and 4 (Mahishhasura samhaara) to be read on 2nd day, Chapter 5 and 6 (Dhuumralochana vadha) on the 3rd day, Chapter 7 (Chanda Munda vadha) on 4th day, Chapter 8 (Rakta biija samhaara) on 5th day, Chapter 9 and 10 (Shumbha Nishumbha vadha) on 6th day, Chapter 11 (Praise of Narayani) on 7th day, Chapter 12 (Phalastuti) on 8th day, Chapter 13 (Blessings to Suratha and the Merchant)on 9th day Chapter 14 (Aparadha Kshamaprarthana) on 10th day The Battle of Alkapuri - Mahishasura Vs Durga
Durga came to Earth on the invitation and prayers of the people who were being harassed. She came down in her form of Mahisha Mardini or the slayer of the Buffalo which has ten hands holding ten different weapons given to her by the various Gods. She came riding her mount the Lion on the initiation of her devotees. On the eighth day of the Sukla Paksha in the month of Ashwin she arrived on Earth.
On the ninth day the battle ensued with Mahishasura and the battle continued through the night.
The demon hid easily among Buffaloes by taking their form. But Durga cut off its head to reveal the Demon and eventually on the tenth day or on Vijay dashmi she slayed Mahishasur with the help of her mount the Lion.
Armed with incredible powers, Maa Durga reached Alkapuri. Durga and her lion roared in unison. The roar shook the throne Mahishasura was sitting upon. The floor trembled. Mahishashur flew into rage. He called out to his chief commander, “Go and find out what that roar was!”
The commander and his demon soldiers departed and found Bhagwati Durga at the city gate. They asked who she was. Durga replied that she was the death for Mahishasur. She asked the commander to tell his master that he should vacate Indra throne and run away or get destroyed. The soldiers went back to the court and delivered the message of Durga to Mahishasur. Mahishasur rose up in fury and thundered, “Let me see the silly woman thing. Come.”
Mahishasur arrived to face Durga with a large demon army. The sight of Durga surprised him. He said, “Dear beauty, those slender hands of yours are not for weapons. I am new Indra, Mahishasur. Marry me and rule the heavens. I promise to make you my principal queen.”
The demon talk made Durga explode in anger. She roared her challenge, Mean demon! I come as your death, Take this!’ Durga threw Her trident. The demon evaded it and guffawed. He shot fiery flames at Durga. Durga blew away the flames which fell on the demons turned into flamelets. The demons ran around to escape from the falling fireballs.
It annoyed Mahishasur….
Suddenly, Mahishasur transformed into a raging buffalo bull. He ran at Durga, spewing fire and digging off stones with his hooves. Durga’s lion roared and raised its paw. She charged with Her trident at the bull’s neck. Mahishasur bull froze. Blood gushed out of his neck wound. He bellowed in pain.
The demon ran frightened. After a short time, Mahishasur changed tactics. Giving up his bull form, he charged at Durga with sword. Durga countered with sword. He tried all his sorcery tricks. But Durga countered all his moves effectively.
Putting Mahishasur in quandary, Durga roared, Evil headed demon! You are only prolonging your death. You can’t survive this battle. Today you shall die.”
Now Mahishasur was really frightened. But he put on a brave face saying, ” Mahishasur is a warrior. He does not hit women. I defeated all the gods and made them flee. How would you defeat me when all them could not? There is no warrior in the three worlds to vanquish me.”
“Foolish demon!’ Durga roared and reminded, ” You forget what you asked for from Brahma. Let me bring back your memory. You had said that if some woman killed you it would not matter. You had thought that a member of the weaker sex would pose no challenge to you. Now you can see that the same Lord has sent a woman to put you death. So, you must die. Nothing can save you. I am born just to slay you. Now, pick up your arms and fight.”
End of Mahishasur Durga’s reminder put a scare into the mighty demon. He made up his mind to fight to the finish.
The demon launched a fierce attack. As a bull buffalo he charged at Durga. Durga beheaded the bull with Her sharp edged trident. The demon head emerged out of the severed neck of the bull. Durga again used Her trident which went through the neck of Mahishasura. With a horrifying groan Mahishasura fell down like an uprooted tree. Hundreds of demons got crushed under him.
The gods showered flowers from the heavens. The conchshells were sounded in victory. The heavens celebrated it with divine illuminations. Indra again descended on his throne. A grateful Indra prayed along with other gods, “O goddess Durga! Whenever gods or humans are in trouble do extend your protection just like you have done now.” Maa Durga said, “So be it,” and then vanished.
Dussehra (Vijaya Dashmi) - Today, Lord Rama Killed Demon Ravana
Dussehra -Dashera - Vijaya Dashmi - is the most popular festival in India. It is a Hindu festival, which is celebrated all over India to mark the defeat of Ravana by Lord Rama. Dussehra also symbolises the triumph of warrior Goddess Durga over the buffalo demon, Mahishasura. Dussehra can also be interpreted as “Dasa-Hara“, which means the cutting of the ten heads of Ravana. On the day of Dussehra, Ram, killed the great demon Ravan, who had abducted Ram’s wife Sita to his kingdom of Lanka. Ram, along with his brother Lakshman and devoted follower Hanuman, and an army of monkeys fought a great battle to rescue his lovely wife Sita. The war against Ravan lasted for ten days. Sita had been returned to her husband Ram and they now make their way to Ayodhya in triumph and glory. Dussera is the tenth day after Navarathri. It marks the end of the nine days of Navarathri.
The festival of Dussehra is the principle celebration in many parts of the country. It is celebrated with great fanfare in Kullu and Mysore.
Dussehra is the day, when Rama killed Ravana and won back his wife (Hence also called Vijayadashmi) who had managed to save her honour from the dirty hands of Ravana and was waiting anxiously to meet her husband.
Dussehra is also reminiscent of the end of the exile and banishment of the Pandava princes in the epic Mahabharata and their return with their weapons to reclaim their kingdom.
Vijayadashmi is also celebrated as the day of victory to rejoice about Durga’s triumph over the demons led by Mahishasura. It is essentially a festival in honour of Durga.
Vijayadashmi is also the day of the Saraswathi or the deity of knowledge and learning.
Prime Celebrations
In Himachal Pradesh, a week -long fair in the hill town of Kullu, is a part of the Dussehra celebrations. From the little temples in the hills, deities are brought in procession to the ‘maidan’ in Kullu, to pay homage to the reigning deity, Raghunathji. The celebration actually begins nearly 10 days in advance as per tradition.
In Mysore, Karnataka the Mysore palace is illuminated for a whole month during Dussehra and caparisoned elephants lead a colourful procession through the gaily-decorated streets of the city. It is the most colourful celebration of Dussehra in world. The spectacular procession taken out on this day is really enjoyable.
The Most Auspicious Time of Navarathri Sandhi Kal of Ashtami and Navami (48 minutes) : 24 minutes before Ashtami ends to 24 minutes after Navami starts, is the time when Devi takes the form of Chamunda Mata. Time need not be Sunrise or Sunset of Ashtami or Navami….. Maa Kaali - The Destroyer of Demoniac Attributes Durga Puja is the greatest Hindu festival in which God is adored as Mother. Hinduism is the only religion in the world which has emphasised to such an extent the motherhood of God. One’s relationship with one’s mother is the dearest and the sweetest of all human relations. Hence, it is proper to look upon God as mother. Durga represents the Divine Mother. Kumari Kanya Pujan - Why Worship Virgin Girl? Every year Hindus enthusiastically observe a nine-day Navratra (Nine Holy Nights). This nine day period is dedicated to Goddess Durga, whose nine dimensions are celebrated one each day. It is a nine-day stretch when a devotee sticks religiously to vegetarian diet…
How to perform Durga Puja (Step-wise): Mantras, Prarthana, Aarti
Step-wise direction to perform Durga Puja - Excluding Kalash-puja or Ghatsthapana First perform ‘Atma Puja’ for self-purification. This is done by the chanting of the following mantras: OM APAVITRAH PAVITRO VA SARVAVASTHAM GATOAPI VA, YAH SMRAIT PUNDARIKA AKSHAM SA VAHY ABHYANTARAH SHUCHIH. Explanation: Whoever contemplates upon Vishnu gets automatically purified, both mentally and physically. Tilak : Apply Tilak (an auspicious mark) on your forehead This is followed by ‘Achman’ (drinking of holy water after accepting it in the palm of the hand), which helps to wash off the sins committed by action, thought and speech. The mantra runs as follows: OM KESHAVAYA NAMAH, OM NARAYANAYA NAMAH, OM MADHAVAYA NAMAH, OM GOVINDAYA NAMAH. Explanation: I bow to thee Keshav, I bow to thee Narayan, I bow to thee Madhav, I bow to thee Govind. SANKALPA: To make a firm resolve (Sankalpa) to achieve the purpose of the ceremony. It is customary to take a little water in one’s hand and make resolve. AAWAHAN (Pray to invite Ma Durga) Aagachha Tvam Mahadevi! Sthane Chatra Sthira Bhav. Yavata Pujaam Karisyami Tavata Tvam Snidho Bhav. Shri Jagadambaye DurgaDevye Namha. Durgadevimaawahayami. Aawahanartheye Pushpaanjali Samarpayami. (Offer Flowers to Ma Durga) Aasan After Dhyan and Mantras, Pray & offer: Om sarvmangal mangaleye shivesarvaarth sadhike, Sharneye Traymbake gauri Narayani Namostute. Shri Jagadambaye DurgaDevye Namha. Aasanarthey Pushpani Samarpayami. (offer flowers) Paadha Shri Jagadambaye DurgaDevye Namha. Padayoh Paadham Samarpayami. (offer water to Mother’s Shri Charan) Arghya Shri Jagadambaye DurgaDevye Namha. Hastyoh Arghya Samarpayami. (offer Chandan, Pushpa and Akshat mixed water) Aachman Shri Jagadambaye DurgaDevye Namha. Aachamanam Samarpayami. (Offer Karpoor mixed water)
Meaning: I have heard of the Goddess from the teachers and the scriptures and have tried to mediate upon her. I now beseech the same Goddess Durga to motivate me to mediate upon her. I have heard of Lord Ganesh from the teachers and scriptures and have mediated upon him. I pray to Lord Ganesh to motivate me to mediate upon him. I have prepared this collection of flowers by procuring flowers which grow in this season from different places. Oh, great Goddess, kindly accept my offering of flowers.
The Nav Durga - Ma Durga has nine forms
Being the deity of the cosmic fort (Durg) she called goddess Durga. Mother Durga is the embodiment of the divine energy and the creative power. According to the ancient scriptures Mother Durga has nine forms or dimensions as under;
SHAILPUTRI (The Daughter of Stone): The first day of Navratra (The nine holy nights) is dedicated to the worship of Shailputri. Goddess Durga’s first form in the Nava-Durga series of divine forms, amongst the nine, is Shailaputri. She was nomenclatured as Shailaputri after being born in the house of the king of the mountains, Himalaya. In this mold the mother is seen holding a trident in her right hand and a lotus in her left and she is mounted on an ox. In the past life she was the daughter of Daksha, the son of Lord Brahma. She was known as Sati then. As the daughter of Daksha she was married to the God of Gods, Mahadeva. Amongst all the nine forms of Devi Durga, Shailaputri is the most powerful and glorified of all. According to the Upanishads this form of Durga broke the pride of the Gods by assuming the mold of Haimabati.
BRAHMACHARINI (Penance Doer): This form of Durga is worshiped in the second day of the Durga puja. Durga’s second appearance is in the form of Brahmacharini. Here “Brahma” means meditation. That is, the Goddess is the meditator or a practitioner of penance. She is seen here holding a string of rosary beads in her right hand and a Kamandalu (an urn containing holy water) in her left hand. In her previous life, when she was reborn as the daughter of Himalaya, she performed severe penance to have Mahadeva as her husband. The sage God Narada advised her to take up meditation to win Shiva. For undergoing strict meditation she was known as Brahmacharini or Tapasyacharini. This form of Durga gives the devotees everlasting success. Worship
of this appearance enriches the faculties of sacrifice, honesty and self-discipline. In times of utter distress the worship of this form gives success and the willpower to come out victorious.
CHANDRAGHANTA (Lunargong): Mother Durga’s third form is known as Chandraghanta. This name finds its justification in the half moon seen on the temple of the Goddess that resembles a bell. The deity has ten arms. The ten hands of the Goddess brandish ten different weapons. Mounted on a lion this form of the mother is worshiped on the third day of the Navarathri celebration. It is believed that a devotee who manages to earn the devi’s blessings can set himself free from his sins and hazards that he has committed or may face in his life. The devotee gains the power to sense the supernatural, to see it and even smell the eternal fragrance. He is also able to distinguish the otherwise inaudible celestial sounds.
Maa Kaali - The Destroyer of Demoniac Attributes Ma Kaali : The omnipotent power of the Lord
Durga Puja is the greatest Hindu festival in which God is adored as Mother. Hinduism is the only religion in the world which has emphasised to such an extent the motherhood of God. One’s relationship with one’s mother is the dearest and the sweetest of all human relations. Hence, it is proper to look upon God as mother. Durga represents the Divine Mother. She is the energy aspect of the Lord. Without Durga, Shiva has no expression and without Shiva, Durga has no existence. Shiva is the soul of Durga; Durga is identical with Shiva. Lord Shiva is only the silent witness. He is motionless, absolutely changeless. He is not affected by the cosmic play. It is Durga who does everything. Shakti is the omnipotent power of the Lord, or the Cosmic Energy. Devi worship is, therefore, worship of God’s glory, of God’s greatness and supremacy. It is adoration of the Almighty. It is unfortunate that Devi is ignorantly understood by many as a mere blood-thirsty Hindu Goddess. No! Devi is not a vicious demoness nor is She the property of the Hindus alone. Devi does not belong to any religion. Devi is that conscious power of God. The words Devi, Shakti, etc., and the ideas of different forms connected with these names are concessions granted by the sages due to the limitations of the human intellect; they are by no means the ultimate definitions of Shakti. The original or Adi Shakti is beyond human comprehension. Lord Krishna says in the Gita: “This is only my lower nature. Beyond this is my higher nature, the life-principle which sustains the universe”.
The Upanishad also says: “The supreme power of God is manifested in various ways. This power is of the nature of God, manifesting as knowledge, strength and activity”. Truly speaking, all beings in the universe are Shakti-worshippers, whether they are aware of it or not, for there is no one who does not love and long for power in some form or other. Physicists and scientists have now proved that everything is pure, imperishable energy. This energy is only a form of divine Shakti which exists in every form. A child is more familiar with the mother than with the father, because the mother is very kind, loving, tender and affectionate and looks after the needs of the child. In the spiritual field also, the aspirant or the devotee—the spiritual child—has an intimate relationship with the Mother Durga, more than with the Father Shiva. Therefore, it behoves the aspirant to approach the Mother first, who then introduces Her spiritual child to the Father for his illumination. The Mother’s Grace is boundless. Her mercy is illimitable; Her knowledge infinite; Her power immeasurable; Her glory ineffable; and Her splendour indescribable. She gives you material prosperity as well as spiritual freedom. Approach Her with an open heart. Lay bare your heart to Her with frankness and humility. Be as simple as a child. Kill ruthlessly the enemies of egoism, cunningness, selfishness and crookedness. Make a total, unreserved, and ungrudging self-surrender to Her. Sing Her praise. Repeat Her Name. Worship Her with faith and unflinching devotion. Perform special worship on the Navaratri days. Navaratri is the most suitable occasion for doing intense spiritual practices. These nine days are very sacred to the Divine Mother. Plunge yourself in Her worship. Practise intense repetition of the Divine Name, having a regular “quota” of repetitions per day, and the number of hours spent on it.
Maa DURGA - The Force Supreme Born
The description of Durga given by Sage Vyasa in his ‘Markandeya Purana’ is available in the form of ‘Durga Saptashati’. Durga is the symbol of the force which is the reflection of Power Supreme. Durga inspires humans into labour, work, endeavour, adventure and industry. The worship of this force give birth to ‘Shakti‘ sect in Hinduism. Durga concepts springs from the knowledge of Vedas and Upanishads. In a nutshell, for the destruction of evil forces and non-believers, God’s power took birth in the form of Durga. In an ancient age, Rambhasura was born in a demon dynasty. His son was called Maharshi. The son was as powerful as a wild bull. He was a sorcerer as well. Maharshi could become any beast. Bull buffalo was his favourite form. So, the demons preferred to call him Mahishasur, the bullish demon. He was arrogant and debauch but a favourite devotee of Brahma.
Once he did penance of Brahma standing on one leg only for years. He chanted ‘Om Brahma devaye namah’. Lord Brahma appeared to him and asked him to wish for a boon. Mahishasur asked for immortality. “No, I can’t give you that,” Brahma declined and added, “Whoever is born must die. Ask for something else.” Mahishasur said after some thought, “Lord, then bless me that no man or beast kills me. Death at the hands of a woman won’t matter.” The demon thought that the soft and weak female won’t be able to kill him anyway. Brahma granted the boon.” When Mahishasur got his wish granted, he began tormenting humans. He and his demon army would be raid the Yajnas of sages and kill them. The abduction of women and dishonouring them became the order of the day. The reign of terror made the humans cry for some divine help. One day, driven by megalomania, the demon raided god’s home Alkapuri, the capital of Lord Indra, the king of heavens. A battle between the demons and gods began and raged on. The rivers of blood started flowing. The gods were caught on the back foot and couldn’t face the onslaught of Mahishasur. They fled. After the retreat of the gods, Mahishasur captured the throne of Indra. He declared himself to be the new Indra, the lord of heavens. Announcement was made in all the three worlds for everyone to worship Mahishasur as god supreme. Anyone not doing so was to be publicly executed. The announcement shook the three worlds. The new lord ordered the heavenly beauties of Alkapuri to dance for demons. When they refused Mahishasur terrorised them. The gods ran to the triology of Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesha. The triology asked the gods to wait for the favourable situation. The woes of gods pained Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesha. They must do something. The three invoked their powers. The powers in energy forms flashed out of their bodies and came together to become an intense light ball which took shape of the goddess Bhagawati Durga riding a lion. Lord Vishnu gave Her His chakra, Shiva handed Her His trident, Brahma gave lightning, Indra gave Vajra, the thunderbolt, Sun armed Her with nuclear weapon, Moon handed Her sword, Wind transferred his speed to Her and other gods gave their respective powers to Durga. Thus, armed with incredible weapons, the ten-handed goddess, Durga stood there astride the lion while the gods prayed to Her to rid them of the terror of mighty demon, Mahishasur. Durga screamed in anger. “Don’t grieve, gods. I shall slay that demon. Meanwhile, you take shelter in these mountain ranges and wait.” Then, she vanished.
Shumbha and Nishumbha were the two Asura (evil forces) brothers who managed to obtain a boon from lord Brahma that they will not be killed by any male whether human being or animal / bird etc. but by a woman only. They desired this boon thinking that they will live forever as they did not know of a lady who was so powerful as to kill them both in a war. Thus empowered, these demons started disturbing the prayers of the saints torturing them and asking them to worship the duo rather than any other deity. The Devtas realising that they cannot defeat the two brothers recapitulated the promise of the Goddess to come to their help whenever asked for. Gods then together praised the deity by saying that she was omnipotent, resided in each and every emotion and sensation of all beings in this universe.
The goddess Durga, riding a lion appeared and asked Indra, ’Lord of gods, I am pleased. What brings you here?
Indra paid obeisance to the goddess and said, “Mother, my throne has been taken away by two demons named Shumbh and Nishumbh. You are all powerful, omniscient and omnipresent. Nothing is hidden from you. You can protect us from those demons.”
Durga said, “Indra! one who forgets the power of supreme and considers himself to be almighty driven by arrogance, drowns himself in drinking, singing, dancing and debauchery taken over by the evil desires, he falls down like you have. That’s the cause of your downfall. I can’t help you.” “Don’t say that, mother,” Indra begged. ” A big mistake I have committed. I seek your forgiveness. I will never go bad again. Give me a chance to redeem myself. We have learned the lesson. Get me and my subjects out of this trouble.”
Seeing Indra repentant, the goddess, Durga took pity on him and spoke, “Indra! At this time all my powers are vested in the daughter of the Himalaya, Parvati. And She is in meditation of Lord Shiva. Go to Her and pray. Only She can suggest a way out for you.” The goddess vanished.
The Gods went to the place where Goddess Paravati, the daughter of the king of the mountains was in deep meditation. The gods prayed. The prayers of the Gods fell into Her ears, she was moved to pity and thus she created another Goddess from her own being who came to be known as “MahaGauri“. After the emergence of the Goddess, Parvati turned black thus giving the name ‘Kalika‘ also to the goddess. The Goddess thus born was supremely beautiful and when Chanda and Munda, the disciples of the demon brothers Shumbha and Nishumbha set eyes upon her they at once reported of her beauty to their masters. Upon hearing of her beauty, the two brothers sent a marriage proposal to the goddess. The Goddess told them that she has taken a vow to marry the one who can vanquish her in battle and take her forcibly. Thus incited into a battle by the Goddess, Shumbha and Nishumbha first send a large army and their able Generals to beat this beautiful lady, but on being defeated, they sent Chanda and Munda whom also the Goddess defeated assuming the form of Maha Kali and thus the goddess was also named ‘Chamunda’, the one who beheaded the Asuras Chanda And Munda. As the battle became more and more fierce, seven more Goddesses or Shaktis emerged from the bodies of seven Devtas to assist the Goddess in this battle. At that time was sent to the battlefield, the all powerful demon Raktabija who had been granted the strange boon that wherever his blood fell on the ground it would take the form of a ‘Bija’ or seed and from it will sprout another Raktabija. To slay him the Goddess asked Kali to lick the blood of the Raktabija before it fell on the ground. The goddess in the meantime beheaded the demons. All the Shaktis then together killed Nishumbha and his army leaving just Shumbha. When Shumbha realised that he has been outnumbered, he taunted the Goddess that she alone cannot defeat him and needed the help of seven other Goddesses to do so. The Goddess got infuriated and merged all the Shaktis into herself and single handedly killed Shumbha thus freeing the world of evil.
Devotional Songs and Bhajans: Durga Devi Namostute
Stotram - Jai Jai Jai Kashipuradhishvari Sri Annapurna Ashtakam (Stotram) is a devotional prayer addressed to Goddess Annapurneswari, the queen mother of Varanasi. “Oh! Mother Annapurna! renderer of the support of Durga Mantras Stuti - Jai Mata Di Durga Mantras Devi MahatmyamYa devi sarvabhuteshu, Vishnu mayeti shabdita, Namastastyai Namastastyai Namastastyai namo namaha… Jai Mata Di.. Argala Stotram by Anuradha Paudwal : Some important slokas of Argala Stotram (Durga Saptashati), sung by Anuradha Paudwal. By chanting this we get: 1. Rupam (Beauty) 2. Yash (Prosperity) 3. Destruction of …
Dhyanam - Durga Saptashati (Devi Mahatmyam) This dhyanam appears in the First Chapter of the Durga Saptashati/Devi Mahatmyam which is the slaying of the demons Madhu and Kaitabh.
Durga Suktam Durga Suktam…this hymn is an invocation to Mother Durga for Her protection and Grace.
|| Jai Mata Di ||
Mahisasur Mardini Stotram : Mahishasur Mardini Stotram in Sanskrit Durga Bhajan - from Movie Kranti : This Devotional Song in the praise of Goddess Durga. It is from old Hindi film Kranti. Hindi Movie Avatar 1983 : Chalo Bulava aaya hai…Mata ne bulaya hai… Sare Jag Mein ek thinkana Sare gam ke maron kaa….. super hit Devotional Song in praise of Ma Vaishno …
Durga Chalisa - by Anuradha Paudwal : Namo Namo Durge Sukh Karani…Namo Namo Ambe Dukh Harani Arti by Anuradha Paudwal : Jay Ambe Gauri Maya…. Jay Shyama Gauri Arti by Narendra Chanchal : Bhor Bhai Din Chad Gaya Meri Ambe.. Ho rahi Jaikaar Mandir Vich…..A very special Navaratri arti of Goddess mother Durga, beautifully sung by Bhajan Gayak …
Jai Ma Vaishno Devi Tune Mujhe Bulaya sherawaliyen….Mata Ki Bhaint (Devotional song) from Hindi Movie Asha Jai Jai Maa : Mere Man ke Andh Tamas…. Devi Maa’s Bhajan by Jagjit Singh
|| Jai Mata Di Jai || || Jai Ma Vinnavadani ||
Shree Devi Sooktam - SALUTATIONS to Maa Durga
|| Shri Devi Suktam || Namoh Devyai Mahadevyai Sivayei Satatam Namah | Namah Prakrityai Bhadrayai Niyatah Pramatah Ma Tam ||
Na Suktam Naapi Va Dhyanam Na Nyaaso Na Vaarchanam. Kunjika Paath Matrren Durga Paatham Phalam Labheta. -Lord Shiva Who do not want to undergo the long Durga SaptaShati/Chandi Path. The Siddha Kunjika Stotra itself says at the beginning that no argala or kilak stotra and other related matters are needed if one recites Siddha Kunjika Stotra. Kunjika, there is Devi in the form of Chamunda. Not only it works for Navaratri , it is to be chanted at the junction when Ashtami leaves and enters Navami . 24 mins before Ashtami ends to 24 mins after navami starts, is the time when Devi takes the form of Chamunda and had got to be chanted no matter the count to exhaust 48 mins .
How to Count 48 minutes Each Tithi lasts for 24 hours. If for example the Navami starts at 21.30 pm in the night then you should start at 21.06 (which is Ashtami) and continue untill 21.54 pm, that 48 mins is called Sandhi kshan or period of transit, when Devi in the form of Chamunda is killing Chanda and Munda (the demons). That is regarded as the most auspicious time of Navaratri as Devi is ready to give boon after Sandhi kshan is over.
Siddh Kunjika Stotra Jai Mata Di !
The Most Auspicious Time of Navaratri
The most auspicious time of Navratra Ashwin (Sharadiya) Navratra 2010 Ashtami Tithi last till 15:51 Hrs IST of Friday, 15 October thereafter Navami tithi starts and will continue till the end of Sat,16 October
Sandhi Kal of Ashtami and Navami (48 minutes) 24 minutes before Ashtami ends to 24 minutes after Navami starts, is the time when Devi takes the form of Chamunda Mata. Time need not be Sunrise or Sunset of Ashtami or Navami.
According to the Panchang (Hindu Calendar) each Tithi lasts for about 24 hours. If for example the Navami starts at 21.30 pm in the night then auspicious time will start at 21.06 (which is Ashtami) and continue untill 21.54 (of Navami). This 48 minutes is called Sandhi kshan or period of transit, when Devi in the form of Chamunda is killing Chanda and Munda (the demons). That is regarded as the most auspicious time of Navarathri as Devi is ready to give boon after Sandhi kshan is over.
During this most auspicious time of Navratra, a few moment of pray, chants, recites or path may results blessings of Mother Goddess Durga. I personally recommend Kunjika Stotram and/or Narvaan Mantra (Aum Aim Rim Klim Chamundaaye Vichhe)
Ashtami-Navami Sandhi Kal of Ashwin Navaratra 2010 (Delhi India) Starting Time : 03.27 PM 15 Oct 2010 Ending at: 04.15 PM 15 Oct 2010 Note : Each day and time of Navaratra is very auspicious.
The most auspicious time of Navratra Ashwin Navratra 2010 Ashtami Tithi last till 15:51 Hrs IST of Friday, 15 October thereafter Navami tithi starts and will continue till the end of Sat,16 October 24 minutes before Ashtami ends to 24 minutes after Navami starts, is the time when Devi takes the form of Chamunda Mata. Time need not be Sunrise or Sunset of Ashtami or Navami tithi. read more…
International Ashtami - Navami Sandhi Kaal Time as per Hindu Calendar (Panchang) Local Time Auckland New Zealand: Fri, 15 Oct - Ashtami* Until 23.20 Hrs Celebrate Ashtami on 15 Oct Jakarta, Indonesia: Fri, 15 Oct - Ashtami* Until 05:20 PM
Bangkok Thailand: Fri, 15 Oct - Ashtami* Until 05:20 PM London UK: Fri, 15 Oct - Ashtami* Until 11:20 AM
Toronto Cananda: Fri, 15 Oct - Ashtami* Until 06:20 AM
Tokyo Japan: Fri 15 Oct - Ashtami* Until 07:20 PM
Sydney Australia: Fri 15 Oct - Ashtami* Until 09:20 PM
Moscow Russia: Fri, 15 Oct - Ashtami* Until 02:20 PM
Cape Town South Africa: Fri 15 Oct - Ashtami* Until 12:20 PM
Sanghai, China: Fri 15 Oct - Ashtami* Until 06:20 PM Buenos Aires, Argentina: Fri, 15 Oct - Ashtami* Until 07:20 AM
Washington DC USA: Fri, 15 Oct - Ashtami* Until 06:20 AM
Los Angeles CA USA: Fri, 15 Oct - Ashtami* Until 03:20 AM (Late Night of 14th Oct) Suva, Fiji: Fri 15 Oct - Ashtami* Until 10:20 PM Durgashtami
Fri 15 October (India) Thu 14 October (USA & Canada) Fri 15 October (Rest of World)
* Where Ashtami ends, Navami Starts…
Calculate 48 Mins Auspicious time (i.e. 24 Mins before Ashtami ends and 24 mins after ashtami ends) for illustrations & more on this topic
Pray to Ma Durga thru these Great Mantra “SARVA MANGALA MAANGALYE SHIVEYSARVAARTH SAADHIKEY, SHARNAYE TRAYAMBAKEY GAURI NAARAAYANI NAMOSTUTEY.” (Oh Narayaani, Oh Shivi, Oh Gauri you filful the desires of all. I pray to you)
“SHARNAAGAT DEENAART PARITRAAN PARAAYANEY, SERVASYARTI HAREY DEVI NAARAAYANI NAMOSTUTEY.” (You who are perpetually endeavouring to protect the weak and the poor and remove their misery. Oh Narayani, I pray to you)
“SARVASVAROOPEY SARVESHEY SARVSHAKTI SAMANVIETEY, BHAYEBHYAH TRAAHI NOODEVI DURGE NAMOSTUTEY.” (Oh Goddess Durga, please protect us from all kinds of fear. Oh omnipotent Durga I pray to you)
“ROGAAN SHOSHAAN PAHANSITUSHTARUSHTATU KAAMAAN SAKLAAN BHISHTAAN, TVAAM AASHRITAANAAM NA VIPANNARAANAM. TVAAMAASHRITAAHYA SHRAYTAAM PRAYAANTI.” (Oh Goddess, when you are pleased you remove all ailments and when you are angry you destroy everything that a person desires for. However, Those, who come to you for sanctuary never have to confront any casastrophy. Instead, such people secure enough merit to provide shelter to others)
“SARVA BADHA PRASHMANAN TRAILOKYA SYAKHILESHWARI, EVAMEVMEV TVAYAA KAARYAM SMA DVERI VISAASHNAM. SARVAA BAADHA VINIRUMK TO DHAN DHAANYA SUTAAN VITAH. MANUSHYO MAT PRASAADEN BHAVISHYATI NA SANSHA YAH.” (Whoever listens to the story of the Goddess during the great Puja that is organised in the winters succeeds in overcoming all obstacles and is blessed wealth and progeny)
“JYANTI MANGALAA KAALI BHADRA KAALI KAPAALINEE DURGAA KSHAMAA SHIVAA DHAATREE SWAAHAA SVADHAA NAMO STUTEY.” (Oh Goddess, you who are known by the names of Mangala, kali, Bhdra kali, Kapalinee, durge, Kshama, Shivaa, Dhatri, Swahaa, Swadha, I pray to you)
“DEHI SAUBHAAGYAM AAROGYAM DEHI DVISHO JAHI. VIDEHI DEVI KALYANAM VIDEHI PARMASHRIYAM, RUPAM DEHI JAYAM DEHI YASHO DEHI DVISHO JAHI.” (Oh Goddess, bless me with good fortune, good health, good looks, success and fame. Oh Vaishnavi, you are the very basis for the world. You have mesmerised the World. When you are pleased with some one you ensure his salvation from the cycle of life and death)
In Satya Yuga, Daksha performed a yagna with a desire of taking revenge on Lord Shiva. Daksha was angry because his daughter Sati had married Shiva against his wishes. Daksha invited all the deities to the yagna except for Shiva and Sati. The fact that she was not invited did not deter Sati from attending the yagna. But Sati, being an uninvited guest, was not given any respect. Furthermore, Daksha insulted Shiva. Sati was unable to bear her father’s insults toward her husband, so she committed suicide by jumping into the pyre. When Lord Shiva heard about her death he became furious. He went to the place where Daksha was performing his yagna and destroyed the area. Daksha was killed by Shiva’s ganas. Lord Shiva then carried Sati’s body all over the world in a state of wild grief. At the request of all other gods, Lord Vishnu severed Sati’s body into 51 pieces with his Sudarshan Chakra, so that Lord Shiva could return to his sanity and once again take up his duties. Various parts of Sati’s body fell at different places which became known as Shakti Peethas. At all Shakti Peethas, the Goddess Shakti is accompanied by Lord Bhairava (a manifestation of Lord Shiva). 51 Shakti Peethas
1. Hingula (Hinglaj) Devi’s mind or brain fell here and the idols are Devi as Kotari (Durga) and Shiva as Bhimlochan (Terrible eyed or the third eye). The location is towards 125 km from Karachi, Pakistan. 2. Sharkarare or Karavipur Devi’s three eyes fell here and the idols are Devi as Mahishmardini (Durga the destroyer of Mahishashur) and Shiva as Krodhish (the one who can be angry). It is near Karachi in Pakistan, by rail the nearest station is Parkai. 3. Jwalamukhi, Kangra, Devi’s tongue fell here and the idols are Devi as Ambika (Mother) and Shiva as Unmatta (Furious). This is located near Pathankot, H.P., Jwalamukhi Road. 4. Sugandha Devi’s nose fell here and idols are Devi as Sunanada (Pleasing) and Shiva as Traimbak (Rudra). In the state of Bengal near Barishal in Shivahri Karpur village Devi’s temple is located and Shiva’s temple is in a village called Ponabalia, nearest railway station is Jhalkati. 5. On Bhairabha mountain near Avanti Devi’s upper lips fell here and idols are Devi as Avanti (Modest) and Shiva as Lambakarna (Long eared one). It is located near Ujjain. 6. Attahas (laughter) Devi’s lower lips fell here and the idols are Devi as Fullara (Blooming) and Shiva as Bhairabhvishesya (Lord of the universe). The place is in Bengal near Birbhum. Image of Devi and the Shiva temple is next to the Devi temple. It is a major pilgrimage and tourist attraction. 7. Prabhas Devi’s stomach fell here and the idols are Devi as Chandrabhaga (Throne of the moon) and Shiva as Bakratunda (the one with the bent staff). This is near Mumbai where a launch goes to Bharoal which is near Prabhas. 8. Yanasthana Devi’s chin fell here and the idols are Devi as Bhramari (female Bumble bee or attendant of Durga) and Shiva as Vikrakatakkha (one with the crooked eyes or look). Other names are Devi as Chibuka (the one with the chin) and Shiva as Sarvasiddhish (the one who can provide all desires). 9. Godavari (river) Devi’s left cheek fell here and the idols are Viswamatuka (mother of the world) and Shiva as Dandapani (the one who holds a staff). 10. Gandaki (river) Devi’s right cheek fell here and the idols are Devi as Gandakichandi (the one who overcomes obstacles or Gandi) and Shiva as Chakrapani (Holder of the discus). Famous pilgrimage.
11. Suchidesha Devi’s upper teeth fell here and the idols are Devi as Narayani (the wife of Narayan) and Shiva as Sanghar. Panchasagar - Devi’s lower teeth fell here and the idols are Devi as Barahi and Shiva as Maharudra (the angry one). 12. Bhavanipur or Karota (river) Devi’s left seat or her clothing fell here and idols are Devi as Aparna (the one who ate nothing, not even leaves) and Shiva as Bhairabha (Destroyer of fear). The King of Nator and his grandson the Maharajah Ramakrishna used to meditate here. The seat, the yognakunda and five skulls are still here. In the month of Baisakha according to the Bengali calendar, there is a large fete or Mela here to celebrate Ramanavami or Deepanbita. 13. Shriparvata or Shri mountain Devi’s right seat fell here and the idols are Devi as Shri Sunadari (beautiful) and Shiva as Sundaranand (the handsome one). 14. Karnat Devi’s two ears fell here and the idols are Devi as Jai Durga (the victoriuos Durga) and Shiva as Avirooka.
Durga Chalisa - Invoke the Divine Blessings The Most Auspicious Time of Navaratri
Durga Chalisa Namo Namo Durge Sukh karani, Namo Namo ambe Dukh harani. I bow to You O Goddess Durga, the bestower of happiness! I bow to You O Goddess Amba, who Ends all miseries.
Nirakar hai jyoti tumhari, Tihun lok pheli ujayari. The radiance of your light is limitless and all pervading and all the three realms (Earth, Heaven And the Nether World) are enlightened by Thee.
Shashi lalat mukh mahavishala, Netra lal bhrikutee vikarala. Your face is like the moon and mouth very huge. Your eyes shine with a red glow and You have a Frightening frown.
Roop Matu ko adhika suhave, Daras karat jan ati sukh pave. O Mother! Your look is enchanting, the very sight of which ensures welfare of the devout.
Tum sansar shakti laya kina, Palan hetu anna dhan dina. All the powers of the World repose in Thee and it is You who provide food and wealth for the World’s survival.
Annapurna hui jag pala, Tumhi adi sundari Bala. Like the feeding Mother Annapoorna, You nurture the whole universe and You are the one Who appear like the timeless Bala Sundari (young girl of extreme beauty).
Pralaya kala sab nashan hari, Tum gauri Shiv-Shankar pyari. At the time of dissolution, it is You, O Mother, who destroys everything. You are the beloved Consort of Lord Shiva, Gauri (Parvati).
Shiv yogi tumhre guna gaven, Brahma Vishnu tumhen nit dhyaven. Lord Shiva and all yogis always chant your praise Brahma, Vishnu and all other Gods ever meditate on You.
Roop Saraswati ko tum dhara, De subuddhi rishi munina ubara. You appear in the form of Goddess Saraswati too, to grant wisdom to the sages and thus ensure their Welfare.
Dharyo roop Narsimha ko amba, Pragat bhayin phar kar khamba. O Mother Amba! It was You who appeared in the form of Narsimha, sundering the pillar.
Raksha kari Prahlaad bachayo, Hiranakush ko swarga pathayo. Thus You saved Prahlad and Hiranyakashyap also went to Heaven as he was killed by your Hands.
Lakshmi roop dharo jag mahin, Shree Narayan anga samihahin. In the form of Goddess Lakshmi, O Mother, you appear in this world and repose by the side of Shree Narayan.
Ksheer sindhu men karat vilasa, Daya Sindhu, deeje man asa. Dwelling in the ocean of milk, O Goddess, with Lord Vishnu, please fulfill my desires.
Hingalaja men tumhin Bhavani, Mahima amit na jet bakhani. O Bhavani, the famous Goddess of Hingalaja is no one else but You Yourself. Illimitable is your Glory, defying description.
Matangi Dhoomavati Mata, Bhuvneshwari bagala sukhdata. You are yourself Matangi and Dhoomavati Mata. It is You who appear as Bhuvaneshwari and Bagalamukhi Devi to bestow happiness to all.
Shree Bhairav lara jog tarani, Chhinna Bhala bhav dukh nivarani. It is You who redeem the wolrd, appearing in the form of Shree Bhairavi, Taradevi and Chhinnamasta Devi, and end its sorrows.
Kehari Vahan soh Bhavani, Langur Veer Chalat agavani. Reposing gracefully uopn your vehicle, O Goddess Bhavani, You are welcome by the brave Langour (Lord Hanuman).
Kar men khappar khadag viraje, Jako dekh kal dan bhaje. When You appear in the form of Goddess Kali, with sword in one hand and a cupel in the other, Even Time flees in panic.
Sohe astra aur trishoola, Jase uthata shatru hiya shoola. Beholding You, well armed, with a Trident in your hand, the enemy’s heart aches with the sting Of fear.
Nagarkot men tumhi virajat, Tihun lok men danka bajat. You also repose in the form of Devi at Nagarkot in Kangara. Thus all the three realms shudder in the might of your glory.
Shumbhu Nishumbhu Danuja tum mare, Rakta-beeja shankhan samhare. You slayed the demons like Shumbh & Nishumb and massacred the thousand forms of the dreaded Demon Raktabeej.
Mahishasur nripa ati abhimani, Jehi agha bhar mahi akulani. When the earth was severely distressed bearing the load of the sins of the arrogant Mahishasur.
Roop karal Kalika dhara, Sen Sahita tum tin samhara. You assumed the dreadful form of Goddess Kali and massacred him along with his army.
Pan garha Santan par jab jab, Bhayi sahaya Matu tum tab tab. Thus, whenever the noble saints were distressed, it is You O Mother, who came to their rescue.
Amarpuni aru basava loka, Tava Mahirna sab rahen asoka. All the realms including the Amarpuri (divine realm) remain sorrow-less and happy by Your Grace. O Goddess!
Jwala men hai jyoti tumhari, Tumhen sada poojen nar nari. It is the symbol of Your glory that is burning brightly at Shree JwalaJi. All me and women Ever worship You, O Mother!
Prem bhakti se Jo yash gave, Dukh-daridra nikat nahin ave. He who sings Your glory with devotion, love, and sincerity remains beyond the reach of grief And poverty.
Dhyave tumhen jo nar man laee, Janam-maran tako chuti jaee. He who meditates upon Your form with concentration goes beyond the cycle of births and deaths.
Jogi sur-muni kahat pukari, Jog na ho bin shakti tumhari. All the yogis, gods and sages openly declare that without your favour one can’t establish communion with God.
Shankar Aacharaj tap keenhon, Kam, krodha jeet sab leenhon. Shankaracharya had performed once a special penance called Aacharaj and by virtue of which he had subdued his anger and desire.
Nisidin dhyan dharo Shankar ko, Kahu kal nahini sumiro tum ko. He ever worshipped Lord Shankar and never for a moment concentrated his mind on You.
Shakti roop ko maran na payo, Shakti gayi tab man pachitayo. Since He did not realise your immense glory, all His powers waned and then He repented hitherto.
Sharnagat hui keerti bakhani, Jai jai jai Jagdamb Bhavani. Then He sought refuge in You, chanted Your glory and ‘victory, victory, victory to Thee, O Jagadamba Bhavani’.
Bhayi prasanna Aadi Jagdamba, Dayi shakti nahin keen vilamba. Then, O Primal Goddess Jagadamba Ji, You were propitiated and in no time You bestowed Him with his lost powers.
Mokon Matu kashta ati ghero, Tum bin kaun hare dukh mero. O Mother! Severe afflictions distress me and no one except Your Honoured Self can provide relief please end my afflictions.
Aasha trishna nipat sataven, Moh madadik sab binsaven. Hopes and longings ever torture me. All sorts of passions and lust ever torment my heart.
Shatru nash keeje Maharani, Sumiron ekachita tumhen Bhavani. O Goddess Bhavani! I meditate only upon you Please kill my enemies O Queen!
Karo kripa Hey Matu dayala, Riddhi-Siddhi de karahu nihala. O Merciful Mother! Show me your favour and make me feel happy by bestowing me with all sorts of riches and powers.
Jab lagi jiyoon daya phal paoon, Tumhro yash men sada sunaoon. O Mother! May I be receptable of Your grace as long as I live, ever recounting the feats of Your Glory to all.
Durga Chalisa jo gave, Sab sukh bhog parampad pave.
This way, whoever sings this Durga Chalisa shall ever enjoy all sorts of pleasures and shall attain the highest state in the end.
JAI MATA DI
Navarathri Fast Recipes, Vrat Recipes, Fasting Food
Navaratri is considered to be one of the most important festivals of India. It is celebrated through out the country but each region has its own specialty. Different varieties and special cuisine are made during Navarathri celebration. Since in most of the communities, people observe fast during Navarathri and eat only one meal a day at sunset, the Navarathri meal has special courses and is strictly vegetarian. Even onion and garlic are not allowed in some cases. Special ingredients and vegetables are used for the dishes, which vary from region to region. Spices too are very restricted only red chillies; turmeric and cumin seeds and only rock salt can be used. However, one can eat milk, curd, fruits and nuts as much as they can. But with limited spices and vegetables too you can try some lovely dishes, which are easy to cook and tasty to eat.
Spices are restricted to red chillies, turmeric and cumin seeds and only rock salt can be used. However, one can eat milk, curd, fruits and nuts throughout the day. Here are some of the recipes that you can use during Navarathri. Great care has to be taken to ensure that the ingredients being specified here are in consistency with the allowed spices for the fasts. Yet as this also varies from region to region special care should be taken.
Navarathri Food and Recipes Special
X Aloo Chaat Recipe X Aloo Khichdi X Aloo Mewawale X Arbi-Yam Oondhiya X Boondi Ka Raita X Kaju Burfi X Coconut Chutney X Dal Stuffed Puri X Finger Chips X Fried Arbi X Garbanzo Bean Salad - Kadala Sundal X Gobhi Ke Sabzi X Jeera Aloo X Kachhe Kele Ki Sabzi X Kaddu Ke Sabzi X Kele Ke Kofte
X Kele Ki Sabzi X Khuskhus Aloo X Kuttu Ke Pakore X Kuttu Ki Puri X Kuttu Paratha X Kuttu Rajgiri Parathas X Makhaane Ki Kheer X Mingi Paak X Navaratri Salad X Kottu Pakora X Panchamrita X Peanut Curd Chutney X Potato Pumpkin Pancake X Pumpkin Chutney X Navarathri Raita X Saboodana Vadaa (Javvu Arisi Vadai) X Sabudana Kheer (Javvu Arisi Payam) X Sabudana Khichdi X Singhara Ke Burfee X Singhare Ke Pakore X Spicy Shakarkandi Recipe X Sukha Aloo X Sukhi Arbi X Til-Khoya Laddoo X Urad Dal Laddu X Vrat Ke Chawal
Navaratri Food and Sweets in South India
Navarathri recipes of the South mainly consists of Sundal X Cow Gram Sweet Sundal (Karamani) X Kaaramani Sundal X Kadalai Paruppu Sundal X Masala Sundal X Nava Dhanya Sundal X Pattani Sundal X Payaru Sundal X Sweet Corn Sundal X Thengai Mangai Pattani Sundal X Vellai Karamani Sundal X Black-eyed Peas Sundal X Channa Dal Coconut Sundal X Channa dal Masala Sundal X Green Gram Dal Sundal X Green Gram Sundal X Kothu Kadalai Sundal X Mochai Masala Sundal X Mochai Sundal X Moong Dal spinach Sundal X Peanut Sundal X Rajma masala Sundal X Radish Sundal X Spicy Tasty Pattani Sundal X Vaerkadalai Sundal X Jeera Rice X Aval Payasam(Poha kheer) X Ambalapuzha Pal Payasam X Vermicelli Payasam X Tomato Rice X Mango rice
X Chenna Payesh X Yellow Pumpkin Payasam Read more about other Region recipes: Bengal - Durga Puja Recipes Karnataka & South India - Dussehra Recipes The Indian cuisines are famous for their variety and special Navarathri cuisine are a part of the multitude of culinary delights. Since in most of the communities, people observe fast during Navarathri and eat only one meal a day at sunset, the Navarathri meal has special courses and is strictly vegetarian. Even onion and garlic may not be allowed due to their foul smell. Specific ingredients and vegetables are used that may vary from region to region. It is believed that Navarathri Vrat (fasting) cleans one's body and soul. Our Navarathri recipes section contains a variety of traditional Navarathri recipes. Navarathri is celebrated popularly in Gujarat with traditional food and dance. In Bengal it is called Durga Pooja, and in South India it is celebrated as Dussehra or Saraswati Pooja, Ayudha Pooja and Vijaya Dasami. Celebrate Navarathri Vrat along with some delicious food. Try our easy recipes for Navarathri Vrat or Navarathri Fasting recipes.
Durga Puja Recipes
There is no Indian festival that can be completed without the festival cooking. Durga Puja is one of the festival where special emphasis on the sweets are given. This festival is mainly celebrated in the West Bengal where people are known for their sweet tooths. Durga Puja is the festival where Bengali people enjoy the liberty of eating as much sweets as the like
Usually the sweets are available in the market in the sweet shops but the pleasure of seeing your loved ones enjoying the tasty dishes that you have cooked is something else. Here we are providing you with some recipes are being provided of the mouth watering traditional delicacies that are cooked specially for Durga puja so that it can be shared and enjoyed. These traditional delicacies are easy to cook and are very tasty. Go ahead try some of the recipes! Any festival in India is incomplete without food. Whenever we talk of festival we think of the special dishes prepared for the occasion. Festival cooking is a part of all celebration. Durga Puja is also one of the festivals where special emphases on sweets are given. Other than sweets different kinds of other dishes are also prepared. This festival is mainly celebrated in the West Bengal, which is famous for sweets. Durga Puja is the festival of fun and feasting. It is the time when people have the liberty to eat what ever they like. Different kinds of sweets are available in the market. You can choose from a wide variety of range. Other than sweets you can make various other items at home, which are easy to cook and very delicious to eat. Begalis are known for their
delicious delicacies. Here are list of some traditional delicacies, which will make your celebration all the more exciting and happening
Our Navarathri recipes section contains a variety of traditional Navarathri recipes. Navarathri is celebrated popularly in Gujarat with traditional food and dance. In Bengal it is called Durga Pooja, and in South India it is celebrated as Dussehra or Saraswati Pooja, Ayudha Pooja and Vijaya Dasami. Celebrate Navarathri vrats along with some delicious food. Try our easy recipes for Navarathri Vrat or Navarathri Fasting recipes.
Our Durga Puja Food section contains a variety of traditional Durga Puja recipes. Durga Puja is the most important religious festival of Bengal. Celebrate Durga Puja along with some delicious food. Try our easy recipes for Durga Puja.
Dussehra is celebrated to mark the victory of the Lord Rama over Ravana. Celebrate Dussehra along with some delicious food. Our Dussehra food section contains a variety of traditional Dussehra delicacies. Navarathri is celebrated popularly in Gujarat with traditional food and dance. In Bengal it is called Durga Pooja, and in South India it is celebrated as Dussehra or Saraswati Pooja, Ayudha Pooja and Vijaya Dasami. Celebrate Navarathri vrats along with some delicious food. Try our easy recipes for Navarathri Vrat or Navarathri Fasting recipes.
Dussehra Food and Recipes
X Aloo Kachori X Badam Gheer X Besan Burfi X Gol Papdi X Gulab Jamon X Hara Bhara Kebab X Imarti X Jalebi - Crisp Coils of Fried Batter in Syrup X Kachori X Khaman Dhokla X Kulfi - Indian Ice Cream with Cardamom X Mathi X Moong Dal Halwa X Muruku X Paneer Pakora X Papri Chat X Rabdi X Sandesh
2 tsp Red chilli powder Oil for deep-frying Salt to taste Preparation: Mix the besan and salt in a bowl. Add water to achieve the dropping consistency. Now heat oil in a kadai and pour drops of this mixture with a slotted spoon. Deep fry till the drops become golden brown. Drain to remove excess oil and add to curd taken in a bowl. Add red chilli powder, cumin powder, curry leaves, and salt. Boondi raita is ready.
Crispy Fried Okra
Ingredients: 1/2 kg Okra (wash, dry, and slice lengthwise.) 1/2 cup Bengal Gram flour (besan) 1/2 tsp Turmeric Powder 1/2 tsp Red Chili Powder 1 tsp Carom Seeds (ajwain) 4 tsps Chaat Masala Salt to taste 1 Lime (juice) Cooking Oil, for deep frying (Vegetable/ Canola/ Sunflower Oil) Preparation: In a skillet heat the cooking oil in medium heat. Mix the okra with rest of the ingredients. Season with salt. Deep fry the okra until crisp. Garnish with lime juice.
Handvo
Ingredients: 2 cups Rice 1 cup Toovar Dal (Arhar) 1/4 cup Urad Dal 1/4 cup Split Green Gram (Green Moong Dal) 1/4 cup Split Bengal Gram (Chana Dal)
1/4 cup Wheat (optional) 1 cup Sour Curd 2½ cups White Pumkin (Lauki) (grated) 4 tbsp Oil Juice of 1/2 Lemon 1 tsp Soda-bi-carb 2 tbsp Sugar 1 tsp Chilli Powder 1/2 tsp Turmeric Powder (Haldi) 3 tbsp Green Chilli-Ginger Paste Salt (to taste) For Tempering 2 tsp Mustard Seeds 2 tsp Sesame Seeds (Til) 2 tsp Carom Seeds (Ajwain) 1/2 tsp Asafetida (hing) 4 tbsp Oil Preparation: Wash rice and all the lentils (dals). Soak them for around 4-5 hours. Now, drain the water and keep them aside. Using the grinder, make a paste of the rice and lentils and pour sour curd into it. Mix well. Keep the mixture overnight, to let it ferment. Now, take a large bowl and put the oil in it. After it gets hot, add green chili-ginger paste and saute it for a few seconds. Add wheat, grated pumpkin, soda bi-carb, chili powder, sugar, lemon juice, salt and turmeric powder to the pan and mix it well. Take a greased thali and pour this batter in it. Now, take a saucepan and heat 4 tbsp oil in it, to prepare tempering. When the oil is hot, put mustard seeds in it and let them crackle. Now, put asafetida, sesame seeds and ajwain and fry them for a few seconds. When the sesame seeds turn brown, pour the mixture over the prepared batter. Bake the dish in a preheated oven for 30 to 35 minutes at a temperature of 200 degree C (400 degree F). When the crust turns brown, it means that your handvo is ready to eat.
Paneer Pakora
Ingredients: 250 gms Paneer 8 tbsp Gram flour 2-1/2 tsp Red chilli powder 1-1/4 tsp Mango powder 1/4 tsp Cooking soda Water as requirement Salt to taste Oil to fry Preparation: Firstly cut the paneer into thick square pieces.
Sprinkle mango powder and red chilli powder on these pieces. Mix the gram flour, red chilli powder, soda and salt in a bowl. Add some water to the mixture to make it thick batter. Dip each piece of the paneer in this batter. Heat the oil in a frying pan. Now put the pieces of paneer in the heated oil. Fry them till they become golden brown. Paneer Pakoras are ready. Serve the Paneer Pakoras with green chutney.
Spinach and Potato Fry
Ingredients: 800 gms Red Spinach 200 gms Potatoes (peeled and diced) 90 gms Coconut (grated) Salt to taste For Tempering 2 tbsp Coconut Oil 1 tsp Mustard Seeds 1 tsp Urad Dal (washed and dried) 1 Onion (sliced) 2 sprigs Curry Leaves 1-inch piece Ginger (julienned) 6 Green Chilies (julienned) Preparation: Boil the potatoes in salt water. In a skillet, heat the oil and add mustard seeds. When the mustard seeds start to splutter, add the Urad dal and fry until golden brown. Add the onions and fry till translucent. Then add the ginger, green chilies, curry leaves and fry well. Add the spinach and cook till dry. Now, add the potatoes and then cook till the moisture evaporates. Finally, mix in the grated coconut and stir for a minute. Serve hot.
2 tbsp Lemon juice 2 tbsp Curd 4 Green chillies 1/2 tsp Mustard seeds 1/2 tsp Sesame seeds Shredded coconut powder 6 tsp Oil Fresh coriander leaves 1 Pinch soda Preparation: Mix besan, oil, salt and sugar. Add chilli powder, lemon juice, curd and boiled water to make a paste. Now add soda. Take a container and pour the paste in it. Steam cook it in a pressure cooker it for 15 minutes. Keep it for cooling. Khaman is ready. Heat the oil. Add mustard seeds, sesame seeds and green chillies. Fry it for minutes. Cut the khamman into square pieces. Spread fried green chillies and seeds on pieces. Adorn with shredded coconut powder and coriander leaves.
Sabudana Khichidi
Ingredients 1) Sabudana (sago) - 1 cup. 2) Sugar - 1/2 tsp. 3) Green Chillies - 2, finely chopped. 4) Groundnuts - 1/2 cup, finely crushed. 5) Potato - 1, boiled and peeled. 6) Oil - 2 tsp. 7) Mustard Seeds - 1/4 tsp. 8) Hing (asafoetida) - 1/2 tsp. 9) Coconut - 2 tbsp, fresh & grated. 10) A few coriander leaves. 11) A few curry leaves. 12) Salt to taste 13) Lemons - 1 or 2. Also needed: A medium-sized bowl, a big pan and a ladle. Preparation: 1) Wash the sabudana (sago) well and soak in a medium-sized bowl for about two hours. This will make it light. 2) Dice the potatoes. 3) Mix groundnuts, sugar and salt to the cubed potatoes. 4) Pour oil in a big pan and heat. Add in the mustard seeds and sputter. Toss in
cumin seeds, green chillies and curry leaves to the oil. 5) Drop the salted potato cubes into the oil. Using the ladle, stir the mixture well. Fry properly. 6) Rub the fried potatoes with the sabudana mixture and mix well. Fry gently. 7) Sprinkle the grated coconut over the fried potatoes and mix well. Use coriander leaves for garnish. 8) Squeeze the lemons over the potatoes to add a few drops of juice. Serve hot.
Jalebi
Ingredients: 1) All Purpose Flour - 2 cups. 2) Rice flour - 1-1/2 tbsp. 3) Baking powder - 1/4th tsp. 4) Curd - 2 tbsp. 5) Sugar - 3 cups. 6) Water - 2 1/2 cups 7) Cardamom - 1/2 tsp, formed into powder. 8) Ghee/Vegetable oil (to fry) Also needed: A big bowl, a heavy bottomed pan/kadhai and a kitchen paper. Preparation: 1) Pour all purpose flour, rice flour, baking powder and curd in the bowl. Mix well together. 2) Add some water and continue to whisk until the mixture turns smooth. 3) Keep the mixture aside to ferment for about 2-3 hours. 4) When it has fermented, whisk well before using again. Your batter is ready. 5) Add sugar to about 1 1/2 cup water and stir well to form a sweet syrup. Add cardamom powder and stir again. 6) Pour oil in a heavy bottomed pan/kadhai and heat. 7) Pour your batter in a plastic bag and make a small hole below. Squeeze the bag to pour the batter into the kadhai and move your hand to form coil-shaped batter designs. Make about 5 designs. 8) Deep-fry the batter designs for 5-10 mins or until they are golden and crisp. 9) Take away from the pan, drain on kitchen paper and soak in the sugar syrup. 10) Prepare more shapes in a similar way. Leave the batter shapes in the syrup until they absorb the sugar fully well. 11) Remove from the syrup. Your jalebis are ready. Serve hot.
Ingredients: 1) Flour - 2 cups. 2) Maida - 4 cups. 3) Curd - 6 cups. 4) Potatoes - 4, boiled. 5) Red chilli powder - 4 tsp. 6) Turmeric powder - 1 tsp. 7) Cumin seed powder - 2 tsp. 8) Ajwain powder - 2 tsp. 9) Coriander leaves - 1 Bunch. 10) Coconut - 1 cup grated. 11) Tamarind - 2 tbsp. 12) Dates - A handful (5-6). 13) Green chillies - 2-3. 14) Chat powder - 1 tsp. 15) Curry Leaves - A handful. 16) Salt to taste. 17) Cooking oil. Preparation: 1) Take a large bowl. Add in flour, maida, ajwain powder, cumin seeds powder, red chilli powder and turmeric powder. 2) Pour water on the contents of the bowl and whisk together to mix well. Form a hard dough. 3) Spread these on a floured surface and form puris from this dough. 4) Pour oil in a pan and heat. Place the doughs one by one and deep fry. 5) Mix the curd well. 6) Again heat oil in a cooking pan. Toss in cumin seeds, mustard seeds and curry leaves into it and sputter for 2 minutes. 7) Pour in the curd and blend it nicely. 8) Mix dates and tamarind. 9) Pour in water and boil until fully cooked. 10) Form a paste of the items by blending them in a mixer. 11) Add red chilli and salt. 12) Squash the potatoes. Mix chaat powder with these. 13) Crush the puris. Add 1 tbsp of mashed potatoes with the crumbled puris. 14) Add 4 tbsp of curd mix over the mixture, followed by 1 tsp of red chutney. 15) Sprinkle 1 tsp chaat powder(for taste) over the mixture. Serve.
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