Motorways of the Sea in the EU Maritime Transport
TrainMoS II
“Port Energy Operations and Clean Power Investment Analysis”
Madrid . November 2015
Javier Gesé AperteDeputy Director Cargo Handling and PassengerServices Puertos del Estado
Transport Policy of the European Union
Contents
The concept of Motorway of the Sea
The Trans‐European Transport Network and the Iberian Peninsula
Case study methodology
Survey on MoS
Preliminary conclusions
Integrated Maritime Policy for the European Union (2007).
Participating way of making policy
Strategic projects to develop (EU space without barriers, reduction of ships’ emissions, marine research,
Programmes to continue to support MoS/SSS
MoS Policy within the the European Transport Policy and Maritime Transport Policy
European Transport Policy
The free movement of people and goods is a superior objective of the European Union.
The single market will only be possible with an efficientand sustainable transport system
Optimal use of different transport modes for any leg of the transport chain.
Effective for people and industry
Energy efficient
Minimum harmful effects
•Congestion • CO2 emissions• Space, air and noise pollution
European Transport Policy
¿How attain a efficient and sustainable transport system?
Optimization of the logistics chains including rail, barges and maritime transport
o Use less energy
o Use cleaner energy
o Use in more efficient way a the multimodal network
Environmental impact of transport and sustainability
European Transport Policy
White paper on the future development of a common transport policy (1992)
White paper on European transport policy for 2010 (2001)
Pointed the need to develop environmental objectives
Communication ‘Greening transport’ (2008)
Strategy for internalisation of external costs (2008)
Initiatives to reduce the harmful effects of transport
Urged transport efficiency, support of MoS / SSS
A sustainable future for transport (2009)
European Transport Policy
Developmentof theTrans‐europeanTransport NetworkTEN‐T
Developmentof theTrans‐europeanTransport NetworkTEN‐T
the Core Network Corridors
Integrated Maritime Policy for the European Union (2007).
•Criticized the disadvantage shipping faces compared with other means of transport with higher public investments
What is Short Sea Shipping ?
What Short Sea Shipping is?
“...the movement of cargo and passengers by sea between ports situated in geographical Europe or between those ports situated in non‐European countries having a coastline on the enclosed seas bordering Europe” (European Commission, 1999).
Ports
Communication on an European Ports Policy (2007)
In many ports there are still bottlenecks
Hinterland connexions are key to the capacity rating
Adaptability of port services to Short Sea Shipping
Communication EU Coordinator of MoS L.Valente de Oliveira (2008)
Need quality label indicators of ports serving MoS
Southern port should increase quality performance
European Transport Policy
Ports are nodes of the network
Administrative formalities
European Transport Policy
Strategic goals and recommendations for the EU’ maritime transport policy until 2018 (2009)
Communication and action plan with a view to establish a European maritime transport space without barrier (2009)
Remove administrative barriers that harm the potential growth of SSS
“Blue Belt” initiative will simplify customs procedures applied to EU goods carried by vessels sailing in EU ports
“national single windows” . Coherent implementation of the ships reporting formalities . Directive 2010 /65/EU
“e‐maritime” and “e‐freight” . Use of electronic information for the reduction of administrative forms and facilitate interchange information
European Transport Policy
European Transport Policy
Can Shipping be a sustainable and efficient transport alternative ?
European Transport Policy
MoS as part of the TEN‐T
MoS Policy within the the European Transport Policy
In 2003 the Commission proposed a revision of the TEN‐T: 29 priority projects ( In 2004 30 priority project were approved)
Project nº 21 Development of the Motorways of the Sea
MoS Baltic Sea
MoS Western Europe
MoS South‐East Europe
MoS South‐West Europe
MoS is a service, not just infrastructure
Main issues related to Motorways of the Sea (1)
MoS Policy within the the European Transport Policy
ISSUE COURSE
Environmental impact and sustainability
Growing impacts that must be reduced
Charging and pricing
Consider true costs
Internalizing external costs
Logistics and Intermodality
Comprehensive focus of logistics and transport
Need to promote intermodality
Main issues related to Motorways of the Sea (2)
MoS Policy within the the European Transport Policy
ISSUE COURSE
MoS and Short Sea Shipping
Must be promoted as part of the multimodal transport chains
Significant ‘green dimension’ and potential for shifting cargo from road transport
Ports Key for the development of MoS
Some services must improve their adequacy for Short Sea Shipping
Adminstrative formalities
Revision of regulation for Community goods using sea leg
Implementation of new technologies
It is maritime transport
What is a Motorway of the Sea ?
It is a subtype of Short Sea Shipping
( short distance maritime transport)
It is integrated in multimodal transport chains
It is a priority within the European Union Transport Policy
MoS as part of the TEN‐T
European Transport Policy
In 2003 the Commission included MoS as the 21 priority project
MoS is a service, not just infrastructure
Regualtion (UE) 1315/2013 Union guidelines for the development of the trans‐European transport network
Motorways of the sea, representing as they do the maritime dimension of the trans‐European transport network, shall contribute towards the achievement of a European maritime transport space without barriers.
Financial assistance is a preferred instrument of policy makers
MoS Policy and financial assistance
There are several instruments
Cohesion funds
European Development Regional funds
TEN‐T funds
Marco Polo funds
Loan and loan guaranties of European Investment Bank
CEF
State aid granted by Member States
Homogenizing funding conditions for projects
MoS Policy and financial assistance
MoS Projects under MarcoPolo II
MoS Projects underTEN-T
State aid, European Regional Development Fund, Cohesion Fund
Maximum 35% of operatingcostsfor all the funding applied
State aid, European RegionalDevelopment Fund, CohesionFund
Maximum 30% of capitalcostsfor all the funding applied
Maximum duration 5 years Maximum duration 2 years
Evaluation of projectsTraffic shifted from the road 30%Project quality 35%
Business Plan 35%
Traffic shifted from the road
•Tonnes‐Km
•Lorries and semitrailers1st year 25.000
….
4th year 100.000
…Total 850.000
MoS Policies at Member State Level
MoS Policy in Spain and France
Project quality
•Number of ports in Spain
•Calls per week
•Quality of land access
•Telematic systems
•Quality of port facilities
1st year 4 calls/ week
….
3th year 7calls/ week
MoS Policies at Member State Level
MoS Policy in Spain and France
Acciona TrasmediterraneaNantes‐Saint Nazaire Vigo 28hLe Havre Vigo (Algeciras) 36h
4 dept/week 7 dept/week
Unaccompanied(Ro‐Ro) 120‐260 loads 20 kn
Grimaldi‐Louis Dreyfus
Nantes‐Saint Nazaire Gijón 14h
4 dept/week 7 dept/week
Accompanied (Ro‐Pax) and Unaccompanied(Ro‐Ro
150 loads 23 kn
MoS Policies at Member State LevelMoS Policy in Spain and France
MoS Policies at Member State Level
High quality shipping services
MoS ?
MoS in the West Mediterranean
BARCELONA, VALENCIA, TARRAGONA...:
GENOA, LIVORNO, CHIVITAVECCIA, SALERNO
The Ecobonus scheme
State aid for lorry drivers, transport Companies and trucking Associations
Limits of the aid 20% of seaway price (existing routes) 30% ( new routes )
Minimum number of 80 trips per yearCompromise to maintain similar volume over three years
MoS Policies at Member State Level
MoS Policy in Italy
FFG ‐ rail and water Freight Facilities Grant
To encourage transfer of freight from road to rail and water
WFG – Waterborne Freight GrantTo assist start‐up costs of new coastal UK shipping shifting traffic from road
MoS Policies at Member State Level
MoS Policy in the United Kingdom
Scotland-rest of UK freight, by road, 2007
Total By‐Road Volume
39.4 m tonnes(Source: CSRGT)
Total road trafficapprox 3 million
trailers/yr(65%
northbound)
MoS Policies at Member State Level
MoS Policy in the United Kingdom
Coastal UK ferry Services
•Subsidy / incentive •Road tolls•Port infrastructure
MoS Policies at Member State Level
MoS Policy in the United Kingdom
Aberdeen - Thames393 nm (728 km)
Humber - Thames187 nm (347 km)
Tees - Thames257 nm (476 km)
Rosyth - Thames385 nm (713 km)
Rosyth - Tees141 nm (261 km)
Clyde - Mersey180 nm (334 km)
Rosyth - Thames385 nm (713 km)
Inverness
Dundee
Perth
EdinburghGlasgow
Oxford
Newport
GreatYarmouth
Cambridge
Plymouth
Cardiff
Swansea
Birmingham
Felixstowe
SouthamptonDover
London
Peterborough
Manchester
Nottingham
Middlesbrough
Newcastle
Leeds
Exmouth
St. Ives
Aberdeen
Tees
Hull
Immingham
PortGlasgowGreenock
Ardrossan
Liverpool
Birkenhead
Hunterston
Shellhaven
Sheerness
Tilbury
Rosyth
2000 10050 150
Distance in Kilometres
NORTH
s
MoS Policies at Member State Level
MoS Policy in Baltic and North Sea Region
MoS Policies at Member State Level
MoS Policy in Baltic and North Sea Region
MoS Policies at Member State Level
MoS Policy in Baltic and North Sea Region
Call for tender for Motorways of the Sea projects in the North Sea Region.
Belgium and the Flemish region of Belgium,Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, Sweden, the United Kingdomand Norway
Enable bids for EU Motorways of the Sea funding for sea based transport projects in or starting in the North Sea Region.
MoS Policies at Member State Level
MoS Policy in Baltic and North Sea Region
Call for tender for Motorways of the Sea projects in the North Sea Region.
At least two ports from two different memberstates and should involve a maritime transport operator
But also, terminal operators, road hauliers, rail operators, logistics firms, ship brokers, financial institutions, academia, local and/or regional public authorities and infrastructure owners, and others
The Iberian Peninsula is peripherical in Europe
MoS Case Studies in Spain
TOTAL 211 Mio t
MARITIME
114 Mio t
LAND
96,4 Mio t
ROAD
93,1 Mio t
(~ 20.000 veh/day)
RAIL
3,3 Mio t
Year 2011
TRANSPORT BETWEEN THE IBERIAN PENINSULA AND THE REST OF EUROPE
MoS Case Studies in Spain
TRAFFIC THROUGH THE PYRENEES
Road Congestion in the Pyrenees
MoS Case Studies in Spain
Some questions to be answered
Why some SSS services are not successful?
Do we need to subsidize MoS initiatives?
If the answer is yes, How?
Case study methodology can provide extensive insights into relevant aspects of the maritime service
• The shipping operation can be identified as a phenomenon
•The multimodal chain and the transport system the context where the phenomenon takes place.
Case study methodology
MoS Case Studies in Spain
Selected for the case study at first stage
• Grimaldi (Spain – Italy MoS)
•Transfennica (Spain – Belgium MoS)
•Brittany Ferries (Spain – United Kingdom MoS)
Case Study Methodology
Template used to analyse the case studies
MoS Case Studies in Spain
MoS Case Studies in Spain
Pont Aven
Brittany Ferries
MoS Case Studies in Spain
Bore Sea
Transfennica
MoS Case Studies in Spain
MoS Case Studies in Spain
Ports / Integration
MoS Case Studies in Spain
MoS is still at a early stage of development. Some standardisation for effective use of funding and incentives, and consideration of external costs will be needed.
Additional studies will be needed to understand and take actions to promote the use of Motorways of the Sea.
Some Case study conclusions
ALGECIRAS
LE HAVRE
GIJON
NANTES‐SAINT NAZAIRE
VIGO
MoS Case Studies in Spain
9 SEPTIEMBRE 2010
MoS Case Studies in Spain
MoS Case Studies in Spain
Consideration of the Survey
Stakeholders considered
Survey of Spain’s MoS stakeholders
Questions to be answered
How deliver the questionnaire ?
Analysis
Sample of the questions
Survey of Spain’s MoS stakeholders
Analysis
Survey of Spain’s MoS stakeholders
0%7%
18%
55%
20%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Stronglydisagree
Disagree Neutral.No answer
Agree StronglyAgree
Competition between modes is currently unfair
Frequency
Preliminary Case study conclusions
MoS has to be considered with a wider vision. Not as a exclusive service for freight.
Ro‐Ro vessels carrying unaccompanied semi‐trailers have proved to be very efficient. It will need support for simplifying the operation.
Ro‐Pax vessels have higher operating costs increasing substantially overall costs, however complementary income can be obtained from on board sales
Funding will be necessary while the current status of investment and regulation in transport remains
Today exists an uneven playing field between road and sea transport
Weak and diverse Policy response in past decades
Complex funding applications process
There are good examples of proactive support
Futher research on the application of the Ecobonus schemeat European Level and financial aid
Preliminary Case study conclusions