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Moving IEEE into the Next Decade
Michael Lightner
2006 IEEE President and CEO
Region 10 26 March 2006
3
IEEE Vision
Advance global prosperity by… Fostering technological innovation Enabling members careers Promoting community
…worldwide
4
IEEE Core Focus
I like to capture our activities from an individual perspective as:
Enable technical professionals to distinguish themselves in a globally competitive environment
The ‘flip-side’ of this is our role as members of countries and regions’
IEEE members enabling their regions/countries to distinguish themselves in a globally competitive environment?
5
Population Explodes
World population continues to grow: from 2.6 billion in 1950, to 6.2 in 2002 and 9.1 billion in 2050
Less developed countries (LDCs) will drive population growth for the next five decades.
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2002 2010 2025 2050
Millions
More Developed Countries
Less Developed Countries
Source: U.S. Census Bureau - Population Division, International Programs Center, International Data Base
6
Other Population Challenges
Two Demographic Extremes:
Nearly 50% of the world’s population could be less than 18 years old by 2020.
In 2004, 20 percent of the people residing in Italy were over age 65; by 2020, China, Australia, Russia, Canada, and the United States will face a similar situation
Population for Selected Countries
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
China Japan India France Germany Italy Spain UnitedKingdom
UnitedStates
Billions
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2002 2010 2025 2050
42 42 41 39 39 3632 24 39Median age(2002-03)
In 2002, China is the most populous country in the world and India, the second most populous. India gains population rapidly and eclipses China in total population in 2037.
Half of the world’s more developed countries (MDCs), including those in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, are expected to experience population declines over the next 50 years. The United States is the only MDC expected to be among the ten most populous countries in 2050.
MDCs will experience aging populations, while LDCs will have a “youth bulge.” Nearly 50% of the world’s population could be less than 18 years old by 2020.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau - Population Division, International Programs Center, International Data Base
8
Generational Differences
The Younger Generation… Perceptions of trustworthy may differ from elders' Has replaced newspapers and TV weather reports with the Internet The Internet has shaped the way they work, relax and even date. It's created a
different notion of community and new avenues for expression. More likely to go on-line to pay bills, register for classes, book travel, check TV
listings, buy movie tickets and get directions.
"My parents, before they go on road trips, get a booklet with travel directions that are printed and mailed to them. Can you imagine? Mailing away for travel directions?"
Accustomed to near-instantaneous keeping in touch — primarily via instant messaging, cell phones and e-mail.
However, far from digging a social black hole, they are using high-tech means to maintain or expand their network of relationships, to hang out with friends, to relieve boredom and even flirt.
9
Challenges (& Opportunities) In A Networked World
Increased intensity and rate of change in workplace Steady pressure on the individual Struggles balancing work and personal lives
Integration of cell phones, video, and Internet Prices fall, and globalization accelerates. Technology professionals want tools to help quickly form and
disband, coordinate actions, and share information. Self-organizing mechanisms are emerging and building a
collective, on-line body of information and intelligence.
Information sharing is tying cultures, knowledge and economies
10
Workforce Trends
Nine shifts are projected in work patterns over the next two decades:
People Work at Home Intranets Replace Offices Networks Replace the Pyramid Simultaneous work and travel Communities Become Dense New Societal Infrastructures Evolve Shared Work and Responsibility Half of all Learning is Online Education Becomes Web-based
11
The global talent pool of scientists and engineers is increasing rapidly. Business, industry and academia will continue to access this talent pool over the next decade.
Worldwide Workforce Shifts Will Continue
12
Workplace Trends
Jobs will require flexibility, creativity, lifelong learning, and interaction with others
Global marketplace demands around the clock access
The half-life of an engineer’s knowledge is estimated to be less than five years
In 10 years 90% of what an engineer knows will be available on the computer
60% of future jobs will require training that only 20% of the current U.S. work force possesses
[Workforce 2020 : Work and Workers in the 21st Century]
13
Workplace Trends: Specialization & Globalization
Specialization the size of the body of knowledge required to excel in a particular area
precludes excellence across all disciplines.
Organizations will depend on teams of task-focused, project-specific specialists.
Use of independent specialists, consultants and contractors will increase.
Globalization Globalization is shifting the source of competitive pressure and competitive
advantage
from excellence at the point of production — now more or less assumed
toward excellence in governing spatially dispersed networks of plants, affiliates and suppliers.
Top jobs will go to people who manage the large, complex adaptive systems for business.
15
2005 World Competitiveness
59.163.264.2
65.866.0
68.775.5
78.382.082.6
85.389.7
93.1100.0
50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100
#39 - India
#31 - China
#29 - Korea
#28 - Malaysia
#27 - Thailand
#21 - Japan
#18 - New Zealand
#11 - Taiwan
#9 - Australia
#5 - Canada
#4 - Iceland
#3 - Singapore
#2 - Hong Kong
#1 - US
Source: IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook
Metrics•Economic performance
•Government efficiency
•Business efficiency
•Infrastructure
16
Indicators Of Technological CompetitivenessThe Gap Is Narrowing
Japan 295 China 271 Singapore 267 Australia 265 South Korea 259 Taiwan 254 New Zealand 240 Malaysia 228 India 217 Philippines 189 Thailand 179 Indonesia 150
Source: Science and Engineering Indicators 2006
Metrics:
•National orientation
•Socioeconomic infrastructure
•Technological infrastructure
•Productive capacity
17
Innovator Index: 2004
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
AustriaFinland
NetherlandsSpain
SwedenCanada
BrazilAustralia
ItalyTaiwan
UKFranceRussia
ChinaGermanyS. Korea
USJapan
Patent Applications in Thousands
Source: Thomson Scientific
18
China Population: 1,306,313,812 (July 2005 est.)
Age Structure: 0-14yrs…21.4%15-64yrs…71%65yrs+ …7.6%
Growth rate: .58%
Languages: Standard Chinese of Mandarin, Yue (Cantonese), We (Shanghaiese), Other
Literacy (Age 15 and over can read and write): 90.9%
GDP (purchasing power parity): $8.158 trillion (2005)GDP – real growth rate: 9.2% (2005)
Labor force: 791.4 million (2005)Unemployment rate: 4.2% (2004)
Telephones – main lines in use: 263 million (2003)Telephones – mobile cellular: 269 million (2003)Internet users – 111 million (2004)
19
China 4th largest economy in the world.
Oil demand could account for 32% of global power equipment orders between 2003 and 2008.
Integrated circuits, mobile phones and computers are the driving forces behind China’s export volume.
Foreign direct investment grew 36% annually from 2002 to 2005.
2,003 higher ed institutes, 3.2 mill higher ed students, and 110K foreign students studying in China in 2004
111 million Internet users, making it the world's 2nd largest Internet country. Source: Business Week, Mar 2004
20
China Issues & Priorities Pursuing SARS vaccine – completed clinical study Clean energy sources to improve pollution
Wind turbines Solar-power terrestrial heat pumps Photovoltaic cells Chunhui cars powered by lithium & hydrogen – water vapor is
only emission Computing independence with homegrown “Godson”
computer chip Labor supply paradox
Huge supply of low-cost workers Few graduates have necessary skills for service occupation
21
Japan Population: 127,417,244 (July 2005 est.)
Age Structure: 0-14yrs…14.3%15-64yrs…66.2%65yrs+ …19.5%
Growth rate: .05%
Languages: Japanese
Literacy (Age 15 and over can read and write): 99%
GDP (purchasing power parity): $3.867 trillion (2005)GDP – real growth rate: 2.1% (2005)
Labor force: 66.4 million (2005)Unemployment rate: 4.3% (2005)
Telephones – main lines in use: 71 million (2003)Telephones – mobile cellular: 86.7 million (2003)Internet users – 57.2 million (2003)
22
India Population: 1,080,264,388 (July 2005 est.)
Age Structure: 0-14yrs…31.2%15-64yrs…63.9%65yrs+ …4.9%
Growth rate: 1.4%
Languages: Hindi (30%), English (national, political, commercial),14 other official languages
Literacy (Age 15 and over can read and write): 59.5%
GDP (purchasing power parity): $3.678 trillion (2005)GDP – real growth rate: 7.1% (2005)
Labor force: 496.4 million (2005)Unemployment rate: 9% (2005)
Telephones – main lines in use: 49 million (2003)Telephones – mobile cellular: 26 million (2003)Internet users – 18.5 million (2003)
23
India
Largest concentration of IEEE members outside the US.
World’s 2nd largest talent pool for engineers
A rising proportion of its population of ‘working age’ (15-59 years).
Known for software development and growth in knowledge-based industries.
Large pool of well-educated people skilled in the English language.
Output of trained engineering and IT professionals growing.
020406080
100120140160180200
1992199419961998200020022004
EngineersEngineers
IT professionalsIT professionals
Source: National Association of Software and Service Companies
Output of Degree Level Engineering and IT Professionals in India
(In thousands)
24
South Korea Population: 48,422,644 (July 2005 est.)
Age Structure: 0-14yrs…19.4%15-64yrs…72%65yrs+ …8.6%
Growth rate: .38%
Languages: Korean, English
Literacy (Age 15 and over can read and write): 67.7%
GDP (purchasing power parity): $983.3 billion (2005)GDP – real growth rate: 3.7% (2005)
Labor force: 23.65 million (2005)Unemployment rate: 3.7% (2005)
Telephones – main lines in use: 23 million (2003)Telephones – mobile cellular: 33.5 million (2003)Internet users – 29 million (2003)
25
Australia Population: 20,090, 437 (July 2005 est.)
Age Structure: 0-14yrs…19.8%15-64yrs…67.2%65yrs+ 12.9%
Growth rate: .87% Languages: English (79.1%), Chinese, Italian, Other
Literacy (Age 15 and over can read and write): 100%
GDP (purchasing power parity): $642.7 billion (2005)GDP – real growth rate: 2.7% (2005)
Labor force: 10.42 million (2005)Unemployment rate: 5.2% (2005)
Telephones – main lines in use: 11 million (2003)Telephones – mobile cellular: 14 million (2003)Internet users – 9.5 million (2002)
26
Australia Labor Challenges Labor Market Shift - Baby-boom generation
reaches retirement age
If labor force slows, GDP could follow
Growing labor demand = stronger incentives to learn new skills and enter new areas
Must ensure mature-age employees can acquire updated skills
Economic challenge to enable lifelong learning
27
Thailand Population: 65,444,371 (July 2005 est.)
Age Structure: 0-14yrs…23.9%15-64yrs…68.6%65yrs+ …7.5%
Growth rate: .87%
Languages: Thai, English, ethnic and regional dialects
Literacy (Age 15 and over can read and write): 94.9%
GDP (purchasing power parity): $545.8 billion (2005)GDP – real growth rate: 4.6% (2005)
Labor force: 35.36 million (2005)Unemployment rate: 1.4% (2005)
Telephones – main lines in use: 6.6 million (2003)Telephones – mobile cellular: 26.5 million (2003)Internet users – 6.9 million (2003)
28
Malaysia Population: 23,953,136 (July 2005 est.)
Age Structure: 0-14yrs…33%15-64yrs…62.4%65yrs+ …4.6%
Growth rate: 1.8%
Languages: Bahasa Melayu (official), English, Chinese, Other
Literacy (Age 15 and over can read and write): 88.7%
GDP (purchasing power parity): $248 billion (2005)GDP – real growth rate: 5.1% (2005)
Labor force: 10.67 million (2005)Unemployment rate: 3.6% (2005)
Telephones – main lines in use: 4.5 million (2003)Telephones – mobile cellular: 11 million (2003)Internet users – 8.7 million (2003)
29
New Zealand Population: 4,035,461 (July 2005 est.)
Age Structure: 0-14yrs…21.4%15-64yrs…66.9%65yrs+ …11.7%
Growth rate: 1.02%
Languages: English (official), Maori (official)
Literacy (Age 15 and over can read and write): 99%
GDP (purchasing power parity): $97.39 billion (2005)GDP – real growth rate: 2.5% (2005)
Labor force: 2.139 million (2005)Unemployment rate: 4% (2005)
Telephones – main lines in use: 1.8 million (2003)Telephones – mobile cellular: 2.6 million (2003)Internet users – 2 million (2003)
30
New Zealand
Moved up two places in 2005 World Competitiveness rating
Subsidy free economy / no price controls (environmental law prevents a higher ranking)
Good corporate citizenship and image abroad
Shortage of skilled labor/outflow of well-educated and skilled people
31
R914,269
R856,953
R10 62,533
R1- 6 218,260
R715,380
IEEE Membership
TOTAL MEMBERSHIP – 367,39531 December 2005
R1 – 39,191
R2 – 33,617
R3 – 30,576
R4 – 24,325
R5 – 29,681
R6 – 60,870 *Region 10 remains largest IEEE Region
32
IEEE Top 10 Membership Countries
2005 Rank Country
2005 Membership
% of All IEEE Mbrs
1 UNITED STATES 219,125 59.6%
2 INDIA 22,134 6.0%
3 CANADA 15517 4.2%
4 JAPAN 12,702 3.5%
5 UNITED KINGDOM 8,459 2.3%
6 CHINA (incl. HONG KONG & MACAU)
6,351 1.7%
7 AUSTRALIA 6,069 1.7%
8 GERMANY 5,941 1.6%
9 KOREA 4,072 1.1%
10 MEXICO 3,999 1.1%
5 of top 10 countries are in Region 10
33
Historical Region 10 Membership1997 - 2005
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
34
IEEE Region 10 Membership Sep 2003 - Sep 2005
42,309
54,844
39,674 39,804
16,32315,170 18,196
58,632 58,000
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
2003 2004 2005
Higher Grade Students Total
35
IEEE Region 10 Membership Nov 2004 to Nov 2005
17436 19500
4370040383
61136 59883
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
Students Higher Grade Total
Nov 2004
Nov 2005
36
IEEE Region 10 November 2005
40,383 Higher Grade members 19,500 Student members 47 Sections 288 Chapters 439 Student Branches 44 Student Branch Society Chapters
38
Challenges of Transnationalism Understanding local laws and responding
consistently
Adhering to core values and mission
Sensitivity to national needs and interests affecting our members
Promoting community and communication nationally and globally
Creating a toolbox of products and services appropriate for each member area
39
Challenges Ahead
IEEE has been studying changes in global workplace Global growth of invention Technology business - China and India How engineers work
Changes in work patterns Anywhere, anytime, always on Multiple languages, multiple time zones
40
Challenges IEEE should anticipate the changes coming from many
countries that can reshape its markets and agendas. IEEE must globalize its thinking to anticipate new
membership needs IEEE products and services need new approaches in
partnership with national associations and consultants in the relevant countries
IEEE members will need new “adaptational” skills to help deal with the complexity
IEEE should anticipate more professionals having longer careers and working into their 70s, 80s, and 90s
It is essential for IEEE to listen to young professionals and potential members. Think about what IEEE has to offer them..
41
Helping To Promote The ProfessionIEEE Pre-university Initiatives link
engineers and educators
Pre-university Teacher In-Service Program for Sections
15 lesson plans aligned with education standards
Over 600 teachers have been trained impacting over 63,000 students
Goal is to reach another 2,000 educators by the end of 2006
IEEE Pre-University Educator / Engineer Resource Site (PEERS)
Website that fosters collaborations to help improve the pre-university teaching of science, math, and technology
42
IEEE Focus on the Future:9 Strategic Objectives
Evaluate alternative membership models that are affordable and attractive
Aggressively position IEEE as a leader in Standards in the global marketplace
Transform IEEE into a highly respected provider of continuing and professional education products, services and activities
Protect IEEE’s high value IP products from threats derived from alternative publishing business models such as open access
Make IEEE a highly visible force in global accreditation, certification, and competency demonstrations
43
IEEE Focus on the Future:9 Strategic Objectives
Evolve an IEEE-wide strategy for fast developing regions of the world with an initial focus on Mainland China
Communicate the vision and reality of the profession to both members and nonmembers using a consistent, cohesive identity that recognizes our diversity, supports our position as the preeminent global technical, educational and scientific association, and emphasizes the overall value of the IEEE
Leverage member expertise by utilizing IEEE Fellows as an elite group to develop engineering/scientific position papers that would be globally focused
Evolve IEEE’s volunteer and staff organization and its governance processes in order to effectively and efficiently achieve our strategic objectives
44
How IEEE Is Addressing Its Global Needs
IEEE is striving to build on its global nature to enhance members’ success in the global profession.
Place more emphasis on the skills engineers need to succeed in the 21st Century
Addressing global needs locally Meet local needs in education, accreditation,
professional development, information, and technology development and policy
45
How IEEE Is Addressing Its Global Needs
Providing more resources online IEL digital library – 1.3 million
documents IEEE Member Digital Library
Subscribers can download, save and print 25 articles/mo.
IEEE Enterprise for smaller businesses
Google and Yahoo searches of IEEE Xplore
CrossRef links to other journals Online tools make it easier and faster
to submit, review and publish papers with IEEE
46
How IEEE Is Addressing Its Global Needs Asia-Pacific Initiative -phase 1
Establishing a liaison office in the Peoples’ Republic of China
Legal presence to support Region/Section activities, conferences, use of IEEE Intellectual property, standards efforts
Build corporate standards memberships and an appreciation and participation of voluntary global standards
Support IEEE Computer Society Certification program
Professional Certification IEEE Computer Society software
development professional certification Exam offered at hundreds of sites in over 74
countries Measures an individual's mastery of the
fundamental knowledge required to perform the functions of an experienced software engineer across the globe
47
How IEEE Is Addressing Its Global Needs
Addressing global accreditation issues Most IEEE accreditation activities are in U.S. with ABET IEEE also serves in advisory capacity on accreditation in such
countries as Peru, Egypt Plans underway for IEEE to expand activity out of U.S. Establishing formal role in assisting accrediting bodies
worldwide Expect to work to develop model curricula Explore opportunity to serve as accrediting body
Establishing corporate partnerships to serve industry around the world
20-member Library Advisory Council 80 corporate members of IEEE Standards Association Memoranda of understanding with major corps in U.S. and
Europe
48
How IEEE Is Addressing Its Global Needs
Continuing Education
Expert Now IEEE
50 one- and two-hour interactive online courses based on IEEE’s best conference tutorials
Subscriptions for corporations
Available individually to members later in 2006
IEEE Education Partners
6000 online courses from university and corporate institutions at a discount
49
Online CommunitiesEnable Global Collaborations
Over 100 in operation with 20,000+ users
Topics include Power & Energy, Embedded System, Product Safety, Ethernet P Optical Networks, Employment & Career Strategies, and more
IEEE governance--SPC;Section/Chapter volunteers
Global Section/Chapter Community enhances local progress.
50
How IEEE Is Addressing Its Global NeedsSeeding the pipeline of talent to enter
engineering and technology fields Expanding pre-university programs to
link engineers and educators and promote technical literacy
Teacher Inservice: Over 600 teachers have been trained impacting over 70,000 students
Goal is to reach 2000 more in U.S., Malaysia, Spain, Australia, South Africa in 2006
PEERS Website provides teacher resources
Fostering global collaborations between education and engineering deans (Deans Summit, 2007)
51
New Roles of IEEE for growth
Helping countries maintain their technological edge
Helping developing countries catch up Leveling the playing field
Accreditation Credentialing
52
IEEE Accreditation Initiatives
Model accreditation criteria in IEEE fields Peer institution review Accreditation services to accrediting bodies Curriculum direction Engineering education pedagogy IEEE global workshop on accreditation Comprehensive accreditation portal with reliable and
updated information
53
How Do We Function As A Transnational Organization
Member duality – belonging to global technical community and holding national citizenship.
Acting globally to promote community and communication
IEEE Sections and Regional Councils
Cooperative agreements with national societies and industry associations – working WITH, not against our societies
54
Your help is needed Gaining consensus Understanding priorities Making decisions on investments Moving forward with implementation
I ask for your help and look forward to working with you on this critical task for defining the IEEE of the next decade