Date post: | 16-Apr-2017 |
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THEORIES OF LEARNING
BY: SHANTANU MISHRA
CLASSICAL LEARNING
•Developed by Ivan Pavlov.• Classical conditioning theory involves learning a new behavior via the process of association. • In simple terms two stimuli are linked together to produce a new learned response in a person or animal.• Like many great scientific advances, Pavlovian conditioning (aka classical conditioning) was discovered accidentally.
• Includes stimuli and responses
•Unconditioned Stimulus (US) – automatically produces a response
•Unconditioned Response (UR) – naturally occurring response
•Conditioned Stimulus (CS) – an object used to stimulate a response
•Conditioned Response (CR) – learned response
CLASSICAL LEARNING- THE SETUP
OPERANT CONDITIONING- SKINNER
•Developed by B. F. Skinner•B.F. Skinner (1938) coined the term operant conditioning; it means roughly changing of behavior by the use of reinforcement which is given after the desired response.•“People learn by doing”
OPERANT CONDITIONING- THE SETUP (SKINNER BOX)
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