Mr. Gibson – All Science classesFall 2011

Wednesday 31-August

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

First – what is the difference between the terms

“matter”And

“mass”?

How do we simply define each?

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

First – what is the difference between the terms

“matter”And

“mass”?

How do we simply define each?

Matter can be roughly defined as “what it is…”;

Mass can roughly be defined as “how much of it there is…”

A more formal definition of Matter is: anything that has mass and takes up space.

And; a more formal definition of Mass is: a measure of the amount of matter.

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

First – what is the difference between the terms

“matter”And

“mass”?

How do we simply define each?

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by volume?

And; how do we calculate it?

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by volume?

And; how do we calculate it?

Volume can be defined is the amount of space matter takes up.

As far as how you measure it can be easy or quite awkward depending upon its form or shape.

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by volume?

And; how do we calculate it?

If the matter’s volume is a cube, boxy or rectangular...

We measure its length, width, and depth; then multiplying them we get is “cubic” volume.

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by volume?

And; how do we calculate it?

Given a “box” or “cube”...

Let’s try a little exercise in class now…

We measure its length, width, and depth; then multiplying them we get is “cubic” volume.

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by volume?

And; how do we calculate it?

If the matter’s volume is an irregular or odd shape it can still be done rather easily, but we need to discuss water and how it is used in science first...

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by volume?

And; how do we calculate it?

Water, in its liquid state at “room” or “ambient” temperature (approximately 24.8 degrees centigrade) takes up a certain (given) volume.

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by volume?

And; how do we calculate it?

Water, in its liquid state at “room” or “ambient” temperature (approximately 24.8 degrees centigrade) takes up a certain (given) volume.

It would fully occupy a very small “box” or “cube” that is

EXACTLY one centimeter on a side –or- one cubic

centimeter.

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by volume?

And; how do we calculate it?

Water, in its liquid state at “room” or “ambient” temperature (approximately 24.8 degrees centigrade) takes up a certain (given) volume.

This cubic centimeter of water is the definition of ONE GRAM (of weight).

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by volume?

And; how do we calculate it?

Water, in its liquid state at “room” or “ambient” temperature (approximately 24.8 degrees centigrade) takes up a certain (given) volume.

This cubic centimeter or one gram of water can also be played with to create a

“derived term” of weight/volume = one gram per cubic centimeter (more

on that later)

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by volume?

And; how do we calculate it?

And now back to other types of matter;

First the nice, neat regular shaped items..

Measure it’s sides and multiply them to get the

“cubic volume”

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by volume?

And; how do we calculate it?

And now back to other types of matter;

First the nice, neat regular shaped items..

Once you have the “cubic volume”;

Weigh it…

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by density?

And; how do we calculate it?

And now back to other types of matter;

First the nice, neat regular shaped items..

Once you have the “cubic volume” and the weight –

you can determine its DENSITY…

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by density?

And; how do we calculate it?

Once you have the “cubic volume” and the weight – you can determine its DENSITY…

Density is defined as weight divided by volume (or mass) of any object or matter and is expressed as grams/cubic

centimeter

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by density?

And; how do we calculate it?

Therefore; if our “Nice” shaped object weighed 200 grams –and- it occupied a volume of 400 cubic centimeters… it would have a density of

0.5 g/cubic centimeter

Density is defined as weight divided by volume (or mass) of any object or matter and is expressed as grams/cubic

centimeter

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by density?

And; how do we calculate it?

But… what if it ISN’T a “nice” “neat” shape? How do we measure it’s density and volume?

Density is defined as weight divided by volume (or mass) of any object or matter and is expressed as grams/cubic

centimeter

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

How do we calculate the density of irregular shaped objects like these two?

While it seems to be a difficult task – a long time ago a scientist/philosopher named Archimedes came up with a “principle”…

Density is defined as weight divided by volume (or mass) of any object or matter and is expressed as grams/cubic

centimeter

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

How do we calculate the density of irregular shaped objects like these two?

Archimedes observed the fact that if you put an object into a full bowl of water… it “overflows”!!!

Archimedes’ PrincipleWell duh!!!

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

How do we calculate the density of irregular shaped objects like these two?

Archimedes also observed if you put an object into a less-than-full bowl of water… the level rises!

Archimedes’ PrincipleAnd his mom doesn’t yell at him for making a mess

either!

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

How do we calculate the density of irregular shaped objects like these two?

Archimedes Principle – as it relates to what we are doing today is: (in terms of forces): Any object, wholly or partially immersed in a fluid, is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. (ie – fluids “push back”)

Archimedes’ Principle

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

How do we calculate the density of irregular shaped objects like these two?

Archimedes Principle – as it relates to what we are doing today is: that for a sunken object the volume of displaced fluid is the volume of the object, and for a floating object, the weight of the displaced liquid is the weight of the object.

Archimedes’ Principle

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by density?

And; how do we calculate it?

So today – there are four “rock-like” objects: “A”, “B”, “C”, “D”.

Using what we’ve learned;First – weigh your object.Next - fill a graduated

cylinder with water to some given mark that is a bit more than ½ of the cylinder (*) and then submerge the object.

And then - measure the “new” mark, the difference gives us the object’s volume.

Last - those two values generate its density.

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by density?

And; how do we calculate it?

So today – there are four “rock-like” objects: “A”, “B”, “C”, “D”.

Using what we’ve learned;First – weigh your object.Next - fill a graduated

cylinder with water to some given mark that is a bit more than ½ of the cylinder (*) and then submerge the object.

And then - measure the “new” mark, the difference gives us the object’s volume.

Last - those two values generate its density.

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by density?

And; how do we calculate it?

A B C D

Wt

beg. Level

end level

Difference

Density

Matter, Mass, Volume, Weight, Density & the

“gram”

Next – what do we mean by density?

And; how do we calculate it?

A B C D

Wt

beg. Level

end level

Difference

Density