Mr. Stephen Dobosh’s EP-M 4 Physics Classwork/Homework Packet

Assumption College English Program

Mr. Stephen Dobosh’s

E P - M 4 P h y s i c s C l a s s w o r k / H o m e w o r k P a c k e t

Chapter 6: Momentum and Collisions

Section 1: Momentum and Impulse

Section 2: Conservation of Momentum

Section 3: Elastic and Inelastic Collisions

Student’s Name ……………………..…………………..…… EP-M …./…. ID #………….. Register #……

Much of the material within this packet is drawn from the course textbook Holt Physics that each of you have purchased. This content is copyrighted © 2012 by Holt McDougal, a division of Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. No part of this work may be

reproduced or transmitted in any form without prior written permission of the copyright owner.

Chapter 6: Momentum and Collisions Classwork/Homework Packet

Mr. Stephen Dobosh Page 2 of 25

Questions? Come see Mr. Steve or email him with a picture of your work at [email protected].

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mailto:[email protected]




EQUATION SHEET

Summary table of Types of Collisions.

See p. 212.





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Chapter 6.1: Momentum and Impulse (pp. 190-196)

Practice A, p. 191 #1-3

Momentum

Due: _________________

1. A deer with a mass of 146 kg is running head-on toward you with a speed of 17 m/s. You are

going north. Find the momentum of the deer.

2. A 21 kg child on a 5.9 kg bike is riding with a velocity of 4.5 m/s to the northwest.

a. What is the total momentum of the child and the bike together?

b. What is the momentum of the child?

c. What is the momentum of the bike?

3. What velocity must a 1210 kg car have in order to have the same momentum as the pickup

truck in Sample Problem A?






Practice B, p. 193 #1-4

Force and Impulse

Due: _________________

1. A 0.50 kg football is thrown with a velocity of 15 m/s to the right. A stationary receiver

catches the ball and brings it to rest in 0.020 s. What is the force exerted on the ball by the

receiver?

2. An 82 kg man drops from rest on a diving board 3.0 m above the surface of the water and

comes to rest 0.55 s after reaching the water. What is the net force on the diver as he is

brought to rest?

3. A 0.40 kg soccer ball approaches a player horizontally with a velocity of 18 m/s to the north.

The player strikes the ball and causes it to move in the opposite direction with a velocity of

22 m/s. What impulse was delivered to the ball by the player?

4. A 0.50 kg object is at rest. A 3.00 N force to the right acts on the object during a time interval

of 1.50 s.

a. What is the velocity of the object at the end of this interval?

b. At the end of this interval, a constant force of 4.00 N to the left is applied for 3.00 s.

What is the velocity at the end of the 3.00 s?






Practice C, pp. 194-195 #1-3

Stopping Distance

Due: _________________

1. How long would the car in Sample Problem C take to come to a stop from its initial velocity

of 20.0 m/s to the west? How far would the car move before stopping? Assume a constant

acceleration.

2. A 2500 kg car traveling to the north is slowed down uniformly from an initial velocity of 20.0

m/s by a 6250 N braking force acting opposite the car’s motion. Use the impulse-momentum

theorem to answer the following questions:

a. What is the car’s velocity after 2.50 s?

b. How far does the car move during 2.50 s?

c. How long does it take the car to come to a complete stop?

3. Assume that the car in Sample Problem C has a mass of 3250 kg.

a. How much force would be required to cause the same acceleration as in item 1? Use

the impulse-momentum theorem.

b. How far would the car move before stopping? (Use the force found in a.)






Formative Assessment 6.1, p. 196 #1-5

Due: _________________

1. The speed of a particle is doubled.

a. By what factor is its momentum changed?

b. What happens to its kinetic energy?

2. A pitcher claims he can throw a 0.145 kg baseball with as much momentum as a speeding

bullet. Assume that a 3.00 g bullet moves at a speed of 1.50 × 103 m/s.

a. What must the baseball’s speed be if the pitcher’s claim is valid?

b. Which has greater kinetic energy, the ball or the bullet?

3. A 0.42 kg soccer ball is moving downfield with a velocity of 12 m/s. A player kicks the ball so

that it has a final velocity of 18 m/s downfield.

a. What is the change in the ball’s momentum?

b. Find the constant force exerted by the player’s foot on the ball if the two are in

contact for 0.020 s.

4. Critical Thinking When a force is exerted on an object, does a large force always produce a

larger change in the object’s momentum than a smaller force does? Explain.

5. Critical Thinking What is the relationship between impulse and momentum?





Chapter 6.2: Conservation of Momentum (pp. 197-203)

Practice D, pp. 200-201 #1-4

Conservation of Momentum

Due: _________________

1. A 63.0 kg astronaut is on a spacewalk when the tether line to the shuttle breaks. The

astronaut is able to throw a spare 10.0 kg oxygen tank in a direction away from the shuttle

with a speed of 12.0 m/s, propelling the astronaut back to the shuttle. Assuming that the

astronaut starts from rest with respect to the shuttle, find the astronaut’s final speed with

respect to the shuttle after the tank is thrown.

2. An 85.0 kg fisherman jumps from a dock into a 135.0 kg rowboat at rest on the west side of

the dock. If the velocity of the fisherman is 4.30 m/s to the west as he leaves the dock, what

is the final velocity of the fisherman and the boat?

3. Each croquet ball in a set has a mass of 0.50 kg. The green ball, traveling at 12.0 m/s, strikes

the blue ball, which is at rest. Assuming that the balls slide on a frictionless surface and all

collisions are head-on, find the final speed of the blue ball in each of the following situations:

a. The green ball stops moving after it strikes the blue ball.

b. The green ball continues moving after the collision at 2.4 m/s in the same direction.

4. A boy on a 2.0 kg skateboard initially at rest tosses an 8.0 kg jug of water in the forward

direction. If the jug has a speed of 3.0 m/s relative to the ground and the boy and

skateboard move in the opposite direction at 0.60 m/s, find the boy’s mass.





Chapter 6.2: Conservation of Momentum (pp. 197-203)


Due: _________________

1. A 44 kg student on in-line skates is playing with a 22 kg exercise ball. Disregarding friction,

explain what happens during the following situations.

a. The student is holding the ball, and both are at rest. The student then throws the

ball horizontally, causing the student to glide back at 3.5 m/s.

b. Explain what happens to the ball in part (a) in terms of the momentum of the

student and the momentum of the ball.

c. The student is initially at rest. The student then catches the ball, which is initially

moving to the right at 4.6 m/s.

d. Explain what happens in part (c) in terms of the momentum of the student and the

momentum of the ball.

2. A boy stands at one end of a floating raft that is stationary relative to the shore. He then

walks in a straight line to the opposite end of the raft, away from the shore.

a. Does the raft move? Explain.

b. What is the total momentum of the boy and the raft before the boy walks across the

raft?

c. What is the total momentum of the boy and the raft after the boy walks across the

raft?

In (a), calculate the ball’s speed.

In (c), calculate the combined

speed.





3. High-speed stroboscopic photographs show the head of a 215 g golf club traveling at 55.0

m/s just before it strikes a 46 g golf ball at rest on a tee. After the collision, the club travels

(in the same direction) at 42.0 m/s. Use the law of conservation of momentum to find the

speed of the golf ball just after impact.

4. Critical Thinking Two isolated objects have a head-on collision. For each of the following

questions, explain your answer.

a. If you know the change in momentum of one object, can you find the change in

momentum of the other object?

b. If you know the initial and final velocity of one object and the mass of the other

object, do you have enough information to find the final velocity of the second

object?

c. If you know the masses of both objects and the final velocities of both objects, do

you have enough information to find the initial velocities of both objects?

d. If you know the masses and initial velocities of both objects and the final velocity of

one object, do you have enough information to find the final velocity of the other

object?

e. If you know the change in momentum of one object and the initial and final

velocities of the other object, do you have enough information to find the mass of

either object?

Hint: Look back at our class notes. Reference the equations. Look at the variables and you’ll be able to see what you can and cannot find in each situation.





Chapter 6.3: Elastic and Inelastic Collisions (pp. 204-212)

Practice E, pp. 205-206 #1-5

Perfectly Inelastic Collisions

Due: _________________

1. A 1500 kg car traveling at 15.0 m/s to the south collides with a 4500 kg truck that is initially

at rest at a stoplight. The car and truck stick together and move together after the collision.

What is the final velocity of the two-vehicle mass?

2. A grocery shopper tosses a 9.0 kg bag of rice into a stationary 18.0 kg grocery cart. The bag

hits the cart with a horizontal speed of 5.5 m/s toward the front of the cart. What is the final

speed of the cart and bag?

3. A 1.50 × 104 kg railroad car moving at 7.00 m/s to the north collides with and sticks to

another railroad car of the same mass that is moving in the same direction at 1.50 m/s.

What is the velocity of the joined cars after the collision?

4. A dry cleaner throws a 22 kg bag of laundry onto a stationary 9.0 kg cart. The cart and

laundry bag begin moving at 3.0 m/s to the right. Find the velocity of the laundry bag before

the collision.

5. A 47.4 kg student runs down the sidewalk and jumps with a horizontal speed of 4.20 m/s

onto a stationary skateboard. The student and skateboard move down the sidewalk with a

speed of 3.95 m/s. Find the following:

a. the mass of the skateboard

b. how fast the student would have to jump to have a final speed of 5.00 m/s






Practice F, pp. 207-208 #1-5

Kinetic Energy in Perfectly Inelastic Collisions

Due: _________________

1. A 0.25 kg arrow with a velocity of 12 m/s to the west strikes and pierces the center of a 6.8

kg target.

a. What is the final velocity of the combined mass?

b. What is the decrease in kinetic energy during the collision?

2. During practice, a student kicks a 0.40 kg soccer ball with a velocity of 8.5 m/s to the south

into a 0.15 kg bucket lying on its side. The bucket travels with the ball after the collision.

a. What is the final velocity of the combined mass?


3. A 56 kg ice skater traveling at 4.0 m/s to the north meets and joins hands with a 65 kg skater

traveling at 12.0 m/s in the opposite direction. Without rotating, the two skaters continue

skating together with joined hands.

a. What is the final velocity of the two skaters?







Practice G, pp. 210-211 #1-4

Elastic Collisions

Due: _________________

1. A 0.015 kg marble sliding to the right at 22.5 cm/s on a frictionless surface makes an elastic

head-on collision with a 0.015 kg marble moving to the left at 18.0 cm/s. After the collision,

the first marble moves to the left at 18.0 cm/s.

a. Find the velocity of the second marble after the collision.

b. Verify your answer by calculating the total kinetic energy before and after the

collision.

2. A 16.0 kg canoe moving to the left at 12.5 m/s makes an elastic head-on collision with a 14.0

kg raft moving to the right at 16.0 m/s. After the collision, the raft moves to the left at 14.4

m/s. Disregard any effects of the water.

a. Find the velocity of the canoe after the collision.


collision.





3. A 4.0 kg bowling ball sliding to the right at 8.0 m/s has an elastic head-on collision with

another 4.0 kg bowling ball initially at rest. The first ball stops after the collision.

a. Find the velocity of the second ball after the collision.


collision.

4. A 25.0 kg bumper car moving to the right at 5.00 m/s overtakes and collides elastically with a

35.0 kg bumper car moving to the right. After the collision, the 25.0 kg bumper car slows to

1.50 m/s to the right, and the 35.0 kg car moves at 4.50 m/s to the right.

a. Find the velocity of the 35 kg bumper car before the collision.


collision.







Due: _________________

1. Give two examples of elastic collisions and two examples of perfectly inelastic collisions.

2. A 95.0 kg fullback moving south with a speed of 5.0 m/s has a perfectly inelastic collision

with a 90.0 kg opponent running north at 3.0 m/s.

a. Calculate the velocity of the players just after the tackle.

b. Calculate the decrease in total kinetic energy as a result of the collision.

3. Two 0.40 kg soccer balls collide elastically in a head-on collision. The first ball starts at rest,

and the second ball has a speed of 3.5 m/s. After the collision, the second ball is at rest.

a. What is the final speed of the first ball?

b. What is the kinetic energy of the first ball before the collision?

c. What is the kinetic energy of the second ball after the collision?





4. Critical Thinking If two automobiles collide, they usually do not stick together. Does this

mean the collision is elastic?

5. Critical Thinking A rubber ball collides elastically with the sidewalk.

a. Does each object have the same kinetic energy after the collision as it had before

the collision? Explain.

b. Does each object have the same momentum after the collision as it had before the

collision? Explain.





Chapter 6 Review (pp. 215-219)





































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Mr. Stephen Dobosh’s EP-M 4 Physics Classwork/Homework Packet

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