RUSSIAN REVOLUTION

Mr. Violanti / Mrs. Verni Spring, 2015

KEY TERMS1. Bolsehvik: Group led by Lenin. Wanted

Communism to rule Russia. Head of Revolution.

2. Censorship: government control of all media.

3. Collective: government owned farm where all is shared equally.

4. Command Economy: Government makes all decisions regarding the economy.

5. 5 yr. Plan: Stalin’s plan to industrialize Soviet Union. FAILS.

6. Friedrich Engles: co-author of Communist Manifesto.

7. Joseph Stalin: Dictator of USSR, 1924-1953.

KEY TERMS8. Karl Marx: co-author of Communist

Manifesto9. Leon Trotsky: partner of Lenin, founder of

Bolsheviks.10. New Economic Policy: Lenin’s plan.

Government controlled banks, industry, and foreign trade.

11. Proletariat: The Working Class.12. Russification: Russian Culture adopted by

all countries in the Soviet Union.13. Soviet: Workers Council.14. Communist Manifesto: Book which outlines

a revolution of the proletariat over capitalists.

15. Totalitarian State: Total Control of the Leader.

16. Vladimir Lenin: founder of Bolsheviks. First premier of Soviet Union.

What Causes RevolutionsCAUSES French Russian

Political

Social

Economic

1. Poor Leadership (political)2. Unfair Class System (social)3. Taxes, Starvation (economic)

Revolutions. What causes them?

CAUSES FRANCE: 1789 RUSSIA: 1917

PoliticalLouis 16th is a poor leader Czar Nicholas II is a poor

leader. Secret Police terrorize people.

Social“Old Regime” is unfair. Peasants taxed, clergy

and nobles live in luxury. No Social Mobility.

EconomicHigh taxes, starvation. WWI has caused

starvation and death.

Russian Revolution CAUSES (1917-1921)

RULE OF THE CZAR: Nicholas II used harsh tactics to keep order. Secret Police (Political)

PEASANT UNREST: Poverty. No social mobility. Starvation. Uneducated. (Social, Economic)

URBAN WORKERS: Long hours, low wages. Slums, poverty, disease. (Social, Economic)

DIVERSITY AND NATIONALISM: Czars controlled ethnic groups. Believed in RUSSIFICATION (political)

Key PeopleCzar Nicholas IIKarl MarxJoseph StalinVladimir Lenin

Karl Marx*Voice of the working class, EQUALITY.

*Developed Socialism, GOVERNMENT CONTROL.

*Working class overthrow government and take power from capitalists

Marxism

Czar Nicholas II*Ignores the conditions & concerns of the people

*Russia experiences food shortages

*Gives up (abdicates) the throne when Revolution breaks outMystery of the Romanov assassination

Vladimir Lenin*Student of Marx & Socialism

*Leader of Bolshevik Party

*Goal: PEACE! BREAD! LAND!

*Takes power after Revolution

“New Economic Program”

~control farming, labor

& trade

Lenin’s Death

Lenin Rules Russia*Withdraws Russia from

WWI

‘New Economic Policy’: ~Government controls: Banks -Industry -

trade

Trotsky murdered, Lenin Dies

Stalin takes power assumes complete authority.

Joseph Stalin*Cruel, greedy, paranoid.

~THE PURGES

*5 Year Plan replaces N.E.P.

~develop industry

~use forced labor

~FAILS**** Josef Stalin

Stalin Rules RussiaTotalitarian State

*Russification: one Russian culture*Censorship & Propaganda*KGB Secret police *Industrialization 5 Year Plans (FAIL)*Collectivization government

owned/controlled farms*Forced famine government controlled

crops (Ukraine)

Animal Farm, George Orwell

Animal Farm

Characters of Animal FarmANIMAL FARM

Mr. Jones:

Old Major:

Animalism:

Snowball:

Napoleon:

The Dogs:

Boxer:

Squealer:

Goals of Revolution:

Characters of Animal FarmANIMAL FARM RUSSIAN REVOLUTION

Mr. Jones: Irresponsible, Cruel Czar Nicholas II

Old Major: wise, taught “Animalism”

Karl Marx: Communism

Animalism: all animals equal, no rich

Communism: all =

Snowball: really wants better life, killed by dogs.

Trotsky: wants better life, killed by KGB.

Napoleon: cruel, wants all power

Stalin

The Dogs: secret army, police KGB

Boxer: hard working, loyal, betrayed

Russian Workers

Windmill: hard work, fails. 5 year plans

Life is supposed to be better, but became worse.

Supposed to be better in Communism.

Revolutions. What are Results?

1. New Leadership(political)

2. New Class System(social)

3. New Jobs, equal tax(economic)

Results FRANCE: 1789 RUSSIA: 1917

PoliticalRobespierre, Napoleon(DICTATOR!)

Lenin, Stalin take dictator power.

SocialRadicals kill all 1st Estate(REIGN OF TERROR!)

Peasants and workers work harder than before in Communist State.

EconomicWar, instability, FAIL 5 Year Plan,

Collectivization FAIL.