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Mohanad AlBayati Mohanad AbdulSattar Ali Al-Bayati, BVM&S, MS. Physiology, PhD.

Assistant Professor of Pharmacology and ToxicologyDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology

College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Baghdad Al-Ameria, Baghdad

Phone: 0964 7700766550E. Mail: aumnmumu@covm.uobaghdad.edu.iq

aumnmumu@yahoo.com

Hormone

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Hormonal Homeostasis

Homeostasis

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Hormonal Class

Major Source Hormone Chemical Class

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eigh

t30

kd

or le

ss

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Major Source Hormone Chemical Class

Hormonal Class

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Major Source Hormone Chemical Class

Hormonal Class

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Major Source Hormone Chemical Class

Hormonal Class

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Major Source Hormone Chemical Class

Hormonal Class

888

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Major Source Hormone Chemical Class

Hormonal Class

99

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Endocrine and Hormone

Greek: Endocrine mean to separate within Hormone mean I excite

Non reproductive veterinary endocrinology• Recently, Increase awareness of the endocrine disorder • Endocrine disorders appear to be involved in about

10% - 20% of medical disease on small animals Largely been based on studies in large animal species

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Feedback Control of The Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis

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Variation in Chemical Communication With an Animal

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Feedback control Hormonal Homeostasis

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Endocrine system that a balanced state of feedback regulation be maintained among the various glands in order to maintain

Homeostasis

Direct and indirect Feedback control 1. Ultra short loop2. Short loop3. Long loopChemical Regulator1. Paracrain2. Neurocraine and neuroendocraine3. Endocraine 4. Paracraine5. Autocraine

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Ligands Working intracellular Messenger Pathways

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Ligands Working intracellular Messenger Pathways

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Ligands Working intracellular Messenger Pathways

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Receptors Working and Short comes

1. High affinity: strong tendency , Small number of hormone.2. High specificity: little tendency to bind other molecules 3. Low capacity: all receptor sites can be occupied (saturated)

low hormone concentration. i. Down regulation: ii. Prolonged hormonal exposure. Desensitized iii. Destroyed after endocytosis iv. Internalized and remain stored in intracellular vesicles v. Remain on the cell surface but bind hormone inappropriately vi. Receptor-Hormones complexes; induce sub-optimal response

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Cell receptors Cross-Communication and Drugs disorders

• Intracellular receptor ligand “Second messenger” communication • Inter-Receptor talker• Hormonal communication disorders

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Hypothalamic-Pituitary Hormones

Third ventricleOptic chiasmInfundibular stalkAnterior lobe Posterior lobeIntermediate lobe

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Hypothalamic-Pituitary Hormones

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Hypothalamic-Pituitary Hormones

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Hypothalamic-Pituitary Hormones and drugs interference

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proopiomelanocortin

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Growth hormone and drug interference

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Growth hormone and drug interference

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