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1 M.Sc SOCIOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY BAHAUDDIN ZAKARIYA UNIVERSITY MULTAN, PAKISTAN
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M.Sc SOCIOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY BAHAUDDIN ZAKARIYA UNIVERSITY MULTAN,
PAKISTAN
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Revised Curriculum/ Course Outline for MSc Program in Sociology in the
light of HEC Model Scheme FIRST SEMESTER
Course No. Title Credit Hours
MSOC-301 Principles of Sociology 3
MSOC-303 Development of Sociological Thought 3
MSOC-305 Cultural Anthropology 3
MSOC-307 Social Statistics 3
MSOC-309 Application of Computer in Sociology 3
MSOC-311 Communication Skills and Academic Writing 3
SECOND SEMESTER
Course No. Title Credit Hours
MSOC-302 Sociological Theories 3
MSOC-304 Methods of Social Research 3
MSOC-306 Sociology of Development 3
MSOC-308 Population Dynamics 3
MSOC-310 Principles of Gender Studies 3
MSOC-312 Sociology of Social Work 3
Internship (Non-Credit)
THIRD SEMESTER
Course No. Title Credit Hours
MSOC-401 Sociology of Change 3
MSOC-403 Deviance and Criminology 3
MSOC-405 Social Psychology 3
MSOC-407 (Opt-I) Industrial Sociology OR 3
MSOC-409 (Opt-II) Organizational Behavior and
Human Resource Management 3
MSOC-411 (Opt-I) Ethnology of Pakistan OR 3
MSOC-413 (Opt-II) Rural, Urban Sociology and Human Ecology 3
MSOC-415 (Opt-I) Community Development and Social Mobilization OR 3
MSOC-417 (Opt-II) Sociology of Peace and Conflict Resolution 3
FOURTH SEMESTER
Course No. Title Credit Hours
MSOC-402 Sociology of Health and Medicine 3
MSOC-404 NGO Management 3
MSOC-406 Application of Statistics in Social Research 3
MSOC-408 (Opt-1) Techniques of Population Analysis OR 3
3
MSOC-410 (Opt-11)Sociology of Human Rights 3
MSOC-412 (Opt-I) Sociology of Religion OR 3
MSOC-414 (Opt-II) Sociology of Education 3
MSOC-416 Thesis 6
FIRST SEMESTER
MSOC-301 Principles of Sociology
• Introduction
o Nature, scope and subject matter of sociology
o Brief historical development of sociology
o Introduction to quranic sociology
o Society and community
o Relationship with other social
o Social interaction processes
o Exploring the global village
o Sociology as a science
o The sociological imagination
o The development of sociology
o Pioneers of sociology
• Social Groups
o Definition and functions
o Types of social groups
• Social Institutions
o Definition
o Structure and function of social institutions
o Inter-relationships among various social institutions
• Culture and related concepts
o Definition and aspects of culture
o Elements of culture
o Organization of culture
o Other concepts, cultural relativism, sub cultures, ethnocentrism, cultural lag
• Socialization and Personality
o Role and status
o Socialization
o Culture and personality
• Deviance and Social Control
o Definition and types of deviance
o Juvenile delinquency
o Formal and informal methods of social control
• Social Stratification
o Approach to study social stratification
o Caste class and race as basics of social stratification
• Social Movement
o Theories of social movement
o Social and cultural change
o Collective behavior
o Definition
o Characteristics
o Causes
o Types
o Social movements
o Mob and crowd behavior
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• Social and Cultural Change
o Definition of social change
o Dynamics of social change
o Impact of globalization on society and culture
o Resistance to change
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Diana, Kendall. (2001). Sociology in Our Times. 32nd Edition. Wadsworth.
2. Hensline, James. M. (1997). Sociology. USA: Needhan Heigwb, Massachusetts.
3. George J. Brgjar, Michael P. Soroke. (1997). Sociology. USA: Needhan Heigwb, Massachusetts.
MSOC-303 DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIOLOGICAL THOUGHT
• Introduction and Early Social Thought
o Historical Development of Social Philosophy
o Folk Thinking
o Greek
o Egyptian
o Babylonian
o Chinese
• Muslim Social Thought
o Imam Ghazali
▪ Causes of group life
▪ Social justice
▪ Educational reforms
o Ibn-E-Khuldun
▪ Philosophy of history
▪ Science of culture
▪ Ethnocentrism
▪ Rise & fall of nations
▪ Causes of social life
o Shah Waliullah
▪ Evolution of society
▪ Causes of social life
▪ Societal disease
▪ Concept of perfect society
• Historical Background of Classical Sociological Theory
o Social Forces in the Development of Sociological Theory
o Intellectual Forces and the Rise of Sociological Theory
o Church-State Controversy
o The Development of French Sociology
o The Development of German Sociology
o The Origins of British Sociology
• Classical Sociological Theorists
o August Comte
▪ Aims and assumption
▪ Methodology and typology
▪ Evolutionary scheme of society
o Emile Durkheim
▪ Social facts
▪ Division of labor
▪ Dynamic density
▪ Law
▪ Anomie
▪ Collective conscience
▪ Collective representation
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▪ Suicide and social currents
▪ Religion; Sacred and profane
▪ Totemism
▪ Deviance is functional
▪ Typology of society
▪ Issues of Durkheimian analysis
o Max Weber
▪ Verstehen
▪ Social action and its types
▪ Ideal Types and Sociological Theorizing
▪ Structures of authority
▪ Protestant Ethics and Rise of Capitalism
▪ Rationalization
o Karl Marx
▪ Introduction to Hegel’s Philosophy
▪ The Dialectic
▪ Dialectic Method
Fact and Value
Reciprocal Relations
Past, Present, Future
No Inevitabilities
Actors and Structures
▪ Human Nature
Labor
▪ Alienation
▪ The Structures of Capitalist Society
Commodities
Fetishism of Commodities
Capital, Capitalists, and Proletariat
Exploitation
Class Conflict
Capitalism as Good Thing
▪ Materialistic Conception of History
Ideology
Communism
▪ Issues and controversies in Marxism
o C. Wright Mills
▪ Basic Assumptions
▪ Rationalization
▪ White Collar
▪ Power and Authority
▪ The Power Elite
▪ The Causes of World War III
▪ Social Problems
▪ The Sociological Imagination
o George Simmel
▪ Primary Concerns
Dialectical Thinking
▪ Individual Consciousness
▪ Social Interaction
Interaction: Forms and Types
▪ Social Structures
▪ Objective Culture
▪ The Philosophy of Money
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BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Farganis, J. (1993). Readings in Social Theory. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.
2. Jones, P. (2003). Introducing Social Theory, Cambridge: Polity Press
3. Kinloch, C. G. (1977). Sociological Theory; Its Development and Major paradigms. New York:
McGraw-Hill Book Company
4. Ritzer, G. (2004). Sociological Theory, New York: McGraw-Hill, INC.
MSOC-305 Cultural Anthropology • Introduction
o What is Anthropology
o Branches of Anthropology
▪ Physical Anthropology
▪ Cultural Anthropology
▪ Linguistic Anthropology
▪ Archeology
o Relationship of Anthropology with other Social Sciences
o Relation between Sociology and Anthropology
• Culture
o Nature of Culture
o Evolution and growth of Culture
o Nature vs Nurture
o Culture: Adaptive and Maladaptive
o Ethnocentrism, Cultural Relativism and Human Rights
o Primitive Cultures
o Mechanisms of Cultural Change
o Globalization and Culture
• The Growth of Anthropological Theory
o Social Evolutionism
o Diffusionism and Acculturation
o Historicism
o Functionalism
o Culture & Personality
o American Materialism
o Cultural Materialism
o Cross-Cultural Analysis
o Cognitive Anthropology
o Marxist Anthropology
o Feminist Anthropology
o Structuralism
o Symbolic & Interpretive Anthropologies
o Postmodernism & Its Critics
• Economics
o Economics and Economic Anthropology
o Types of societies based on the Economic mode of production
o Phases of Economic Activity
• Marriage and the Family
o Toward a Definition of Marriage?
▪ Woman Marriage and Ghost Marriage among the Nuer
o Marriage as a Social Process
▪ Patterns of Residence after Marriage
▪ Single and Plural Spouses
▪ Polyandry, Sexuality, and the Reproductive Capacity of Women
o Marriage and Economic Exchange
o Brothers and Sisters in Cross-Cultural Perspective
▪ Brothers and Sisters in a Matrilineal Society
▪ Brothers and Sisters in a Patrilineal Society
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o Family Structure
▪ The Nuclear Family
▪ The Polygynous Family
▪ Extended and Joint Families
o Sexual Practices
▪ Ranges of Heterosexual Practices
▪ Other Sexual Practices
o Sexuality and Power
• Political Organization and Social Control
o Types of Political Organization
▪ Band Societies
▪ Tribal Societies
o Chiefdoms
o State Systems
o Social Control
▪ Informal Means of Social Control
▪ Formal Means of Social Control
• Supernatural Beliefs
o Defining Religion
▪ Problems of defining religion
▪ Religion and Magic
▪ Sorcery and Witchcraft
o Myths
o Functions of Religion
o Religion and Social Control
o Religion and Cultural Ecology
▪ Sacred Cattle in India
• Human Race and Ethnicity
o Race is biological or social phenomena
o Social Race and concept of racism in South Asia (a dialogue)
o Ethnic Groups and Ethnicity
o Peaceful Coexistence
o Roots of Ethnic Conflict
• Language and Communication
o Animal Communication
o Nature and Structure of Language
o Language, Thought and Culture
o Socio-linguistics
o Non-verbal Communication
• Cognition
o The Dialectic between Cognition and Culture
o Cognition as an open system
▪ Cognitive Capacities and Intelligence
o Perception
o Conception
o Emotion
o Is Cognitive Development the Same for Everyone
o Cognition and Context
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Bodily John H. (1994) Cultural Anthropology, California, Mayfield Publication Co.
2. Ferraro, Gary. (2001). Cultural Anthropology: An Applied Perspective 4th ed. Wadsworth: Australia
3. Harris Marrier (1987), Cultural Anthropology, Newark, Hanper & Co.
4. Kottak, C.P. (2000). Anthropology. 8th ed. Mc Graw Hill: Boston
5. Lavenda, R.H & Schultz, E.A. (1998). Anthropology. 2nd ed. Mayfield: London
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MSOC-307 SOCIAL STATISTICS
• Introduction
o meaning and definition of social statistics
o use of statistics in modern sociology
o grouped and un-grouped data
o Descriptive and Inductive
o Nominal, Ordinal and Interval Scales
o Frequency Distribution
o Tabular
o Organization and Graphic Presentation,
• Measures of Central tendency
o Location
o Mean Median and Mode
o Percentiles, Deciles and Quartiles,
• Measures of dispersion
o Range
o mean deviation
o standard deviation
o Variance.
o Quartile deviation.
• Probability
o Basic concepts,
o Rules of probability,
o Theory of probability in long rang interpretation of data.
• The normal distribution curve:
o Forms of the normal curve
o Area under the nominal curve.
• Test of significance:
o Single sample test involving means and proportions
o Two sample tests
o Difference of means and proportions.
• Non-parametric test:
o Chi- square test
o Non- parametric test.
• Correlation and regression:
o Method and forms of correlation
o Pearson correlation
o Partial and multiple correlation
o Regression analysis in sociology
• The analysis of variance:
o One way analysis of variance
o Two way analysis of variance.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Cramer Duncan (1994), Introducing Statistics for Social Research, Step by Step Calculations and
Computer Techniques Using SPSS, London, Roudledge.
2. Elifson, Kirk W, Richard P Runyon and Audre Herber (1990), Fundamentals of Social Statistics 2nd
Edition, Singapore: McGraw Hill Book Company.
MSOC-309 APPLICATION OF COMPUTER IN SOCIOLOGY
• Introduction to Computers, Concepts, Functions, Applications, Hardware.
• Types of Computers.
• Input/ Output Devices.
• Software.
• System Software.
• Application Software.
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• Customized Software.
• Word Processing.
• Spreadsheet.
• Tools of Statistical Analyses Using Computer.
• Database Application.
• Internet Browser.
• E-mail: Personal Organizers.
• Multimedia Applications.
• Business Applications.
• Accounts.
• Payroll.
• Production.
• Market Planning.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Peter Norton’s (2000), Introduction to Computers.
2. Long and long (1999), Introduction to Computers.
MSOC-311 COMMUNICATION SKILLS AND ACADEMIC WRITING
• Introduction
o Basics of Grammar
o Parts of speech and use of articles
o Sentence structure, active and passive voice
o Practice in unified sentence
o Analysis of phrase, clause and sentence structure
o Transitive and intransitive verbs
o Punctuation and spelling
• Comprehension
o Answers to questions on a given text
• Discussion
o General topics and every-day conversation (topics for discussion to be at the discretion of the
teacher keeping in view the level of students)
• Listening
o To be improved by showing documentaries/films carefully selected by subject teachers
• Translation skills
o Urdu to English
• Paragraph writing
o Topics to be chosen at the discretion of the teacher
o Practice in writing a good, unified and coherent paragraph
• Presentation skills
o Introduction
• CV and job application
o Translation skills
o Urdu to English
• Study skills
o Skimming and scanning, intensive and extensive, and speed reading, summary and précis writing
and comprehension
• Academic skills
o Letter/memo writing, minutes of meetings, use of library and internet
• Presentation skills
o Personality development (emphasis on content, style and pronunciation)
• Technical Writing and Presentation Skills
• Presentation skills
• Essay writing
o Descriptive, narrative, discursive, argumentative
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• Academic writing
o How to write a proposal for research paper/term paper
o How to write a research paper/term paper (emphasis on style, content, language, form, clarity,
consistency)
• Technical Report writing
• Progress report writing
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
a) Grammar
1. Practical English Grammar by A.J. Thomson and A.V. Martinet. Exercises 2. Third edition. Oxford
University Press 1986. ISBN 0 19 431350 6.
b) Writing
1. Writing. Intermediate by Marie-Chrisitine Boutin, Suzanne Brinand and Francoise Grellet. Oxford
Supplementary Skills. Fourth Impression 1993. ISBN 019 435405 7 Pages 45-53 (note taking).
2. Writing. Upper-Intermediate by Rob Nolasco. Oxford Supplementary Skills. Fourth Impression 1992.
ISBN 0 19 435406 5 (particularly good for writing memos, introduction to presentations, descriptive
and argumentative writing).
c) Reading
1. Reading. Advanced. Brian Tomlinson and Rod Ellis. Oxford Supplementary Skills. Third Impression
1991. ISBN 0 19 453403 0.
2. Reading and Study Skills by John Langan
3. Study Skills by Riachard Yorky.
d) Essay Writing and Academic Writing
1. Writing. Advanced by Ron White. Oxford Supplementary Skills. Third Impression 1992. ISBN 0 19
435407 3 (particularly suitable for discursive, descriptive, argumentative and report writing).
2. College Writing Skills by John Langan. Mc=Graw-Hill Higher Education. 2004.
3. Patterns of College Writing (4th edition) by Laurie G. Kirszner and Stephen R. Mandell. St. Martin’s
Press.
SECOND SEMESTER
MSOC-302 Sociological Theories • Neo- structural functionalist:
o Talcoot parsons
o Robert K. Merton.
• Neo- conflict theorists:
o Ralf dahrendorf
• Critical conflict theory:
o Thorstein veblen
• Frankfurt school of thought:
o Jurgen habbermas
• Rational choice theory \ Exchange theory:
o Skinner and behaviourism,
o G.C. Homans, Peter M. Blau
• Social behaviourism and Interactionism:
o Phenomenology ( Alferd Schutz),
o Systamatic social behaviouism ( Max weber , George simmel)
o Symbolic Interactionism ( C.H.Cooly, G.H Mead)
• Ethnomethodology:
o Introduction, Contribution of H Garfinkal.
• Evolving contemporary feminist theory:
o Feminism
o Historical development
o Gender theories.
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• Resent developments\ integration and synthesis:
o Micro\ macro integration
o Synthesis in sociological theory
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Turner J H (1987), The Structure of Sociological Theory, Homewood Illinois; Dorsey Press.
2. Ritzier George (1988), Sociological Theory, Singapore, McGraw Hill.
3. Coser, L A (1971), Master of Sociological Thought; Ideas in Historical Social Context, New York,
Harcourt Brace.
4. Dubin Robert (1978); Theory Building, New York, Maxwell, Macmillan
MSOC-304 METHODS OF SOCIAL RESEARCH
• Introduction
o Characteristics of scientific social research
o Theory and research types of social research qualitative and quantitative approaches in social
research
o Quality of good researcher
o Difficulties in social research.
• What is Research problem
o Choosing the problem and its significance
o Review of relevant literature, theoretical framework
o Formulation of research question
o Derivation of research hypothesis
o Measuring the variable, operationalization, validity and reliability,
o The time dimension: 1-cross sectional studies 2- longitudinal studies 3- approximating
longitudinal studies
o Unit of analysis: 1- individuals 2- groups 3- organizations
• Research design
o Definition of research design
o Characteristics of research design
o Types of research design
o Components of research design.
• Making a hypothesis
o Meaning and forms of hypothesis
o Functions of hypothesis
o Sources and logic of driving hypothesis
o Characteristics of useable hypothesis
o Statistical testing of hypothesis.
• Sampling
o Sampling techniques
o Preparation of sampling frame
o error and control
o Types and method of data collection
o Instruments of data collection
o Questioner development
o Design and format
o Pre-testing and revision
o Field problem in data collection.
o Reporting and editing
• Processing of data
o Analysis of data by using computer
o Statistical techniques used in data analysis
o Interpretation/description of data using technical language.
o Practical (the students are required to collect data and by using some statistical package analyze
data.
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• Data collection
o Sources of data
o Methods of data collection
o Survey method
o Experimental method
o Case study method
o Historical method/documentation
o Content analysis method.
• Tools of data collection
o Observation (participants and non-participants)
o Questionnaire
o Interview schedule
o Focus group discussion (FGD)
• Measurement and scaling
o Types of scales
o Paired comparison
o Method of equal appearing interval
o Internal consistency scale
o Thurston scale
o Rating scales.
• Analysis and interaction of data
• Presentation of data and report writing
o Format of report
o Graphic and pictorial presentation
o Report writing, bibliography
o Footnotes and references.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Bonface, David R (1995), Experiment Design and Statistical Methods for Behavioral and Social
Research, London, Chapman and Hall.
2. Miller D C (1991), Handbook of Research Design and Social Measurement, London, Sage
Publications.
3. Eills E (1994), Research Methods in Social Science, Eirgiond: Brown and BenchMark Publishers.
4. Singleton, Royce A, and Straits, Bruce C. (1988). Approaches to Social Research. 3rd ed. New York:
Oxford University Press
5. Neuman, W. Lawrence. (2000).Social Research Methods. 4th ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon
6. Babbie, Eearl. (2001).The Practice of Social Research. 9th ed. Australia: Wadsworth
MSOC-306 SOCIOLOGY OF DEVELOPMENT
• Introduction
o Defining Basic concepts
o GDP, GNP and their relation with the socio-economic status
o Key themes and issues in Sociology of Development
• Theoretical Perspectives on Development
(Modernization Theory)
o Introduction of Modernization theory
o The theoretical origins of modernization theory
o Modernization theory
o Summary of modernization theory and its implications
o The critique of modernization theory
o Conclusion
• Theoretical Perspectives on Development
(Underdevelopment Theory)
o Introduction of Underdevelopment theory
o The theoretical origins of Underdevelopment theory
o Underdevelopment theory
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o Summary of Underdevelopment theory and its implications
o The critique of Underdevelopment theory
o Conclusion
• Political Development
o Introduction
o Third world politics: the analysis of instability
o Military intervention in the third world
o Conclusion
• Development Planning and Aid
o Introduction
o The failure of development Aid
o Rural Development Programmes
o Conclusion
• Gender and development
o Transitional practices in the third world
o Socialist societies in the global system
o Problems of Development
o Models of Case Studies of Development
o Problems and Prospects of Sociology of Development
o The role of development aid in development
o The role of non-government organizations in development
• Demographic transitional theories related with development
• Development in Pakistan: a case study
• Conclusion
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Auty, Richard M. 1995. Patterns of Development Resources, Policy and Economic Growth, London:
Edward Arnold
2. Booth, David. 1994. Rethinking Social Development. Theory, Research and Practice. England,
Longman Scientific and Technical
3. Gardez, Hassan N. (1991), Understanding Pakistan the Colonial Factor in Social Development,
Lahore, Maktab-e-Fikr-O-Danish.
4. Webster A. 1990. Introduction to the Sociology of Development. 2nd ed. Hong kong: Macmillan
Education Ltd
MSOC-308 POPULATION DYNAMICS
Introduction to the world’s population:
o Demography: the science of population
o Subject matter of demography
o Growth of world population
o Power of doubling
o Population explosion
o Population implosion
• Sources of demographic data:
o Vital statistics
o Sample surveys
o Administrative data
• Who is included in the census?
o De-facto population
o De-jure population
o Usual residence
• Errors in the enumeration process:
o Sampling error
o Non-sampling error(Coverage error and content error)
• Measuring coverage error through
o Demographic analysis (DA)
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o Dual system estimation (DSE)
• Demographic perspectives
o Malthus perspective
o Marxist perspective
o Mills perspective
o Dumont perspective
o Durkheim perspective
o Theory of demographic change and response
o Easterline cohort size hypothesis
• Mortality
o Components of mortality (Lifespan and longevity)
o Social and biological factors of mortality
o Life table
o Social status differentials in mortality
o Age differentials in mortality
• Causes of death
o Infectious and parasitic diseases
o Degeneration from the chronic diseases
o Real causes of death
• Measuring mortality
o Crude death rate
o Age-specific death rate
• Fertility
o Difference between fertility and fecundity
o Biological and social factors affecting fertility
o Explanations of high fertility
o Baby Boom
• Measures of fertility
• Period measures
o Crude birth rate
o General fertility rate
o Child women ratio
o Age-specific fertility rate
o Total fertility rate
o Gross reproductive rate
o Net reproductive rate
• Cohort measures
o Completed fertility
o Fertility inclusions
• Migration
o Migration
o Mobility
o Sojourner
o Mover
o Out-migration
o In-migration
o Immigration
o Emigration
o Refugees
o Asylees
o Push and pull theory of migration
o Migration process
o Consequences of migration
• Forced migration
o Slavery
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o Refugees
• Measuring migration
o Gross rate of out-migrations
o Gross rate of in-migration
o Crude net migration rate
o Total migration rate
o Migrations turnover rate
o Migration effectiveness
• Theories of international migration
o Neo-classical economic approach
o Household economics of migration
o Dual labor market theory
o World system theory
o Network theory
o Institutional theory
o Cumulative causation theory
• Mortality
o Constant method
o Cause-delay method
o Targeting method
o Trend extrapolation method
o Synthetic method
• Fertility projections
o Constant method
o Targeting method
o Trend extrapolation method
o Synthetic method
• Cohort component model
o Demographic balancing equation
o Period and cohort data
o Stable and stationary population
• Population structure and characteristics
o Age and sex
o Population, aging and life course
o Family demography and life chances
o Urban transition
o Population and environment
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Weeks John R (1992), Population: An Introduction to concepts and Issues. Belmert California,
Wadsworth Publising company.
2. Petreson, William. (1975), Population, New York, Macmillan.
MSOC-310 PRINCIPLES OF GENDER STUDIES
• Introduction to the Course
o Conceptualization of basic terms and definitions
o Relation of Gender studies with Feminism
o Feminism and the Sociological Feminism
o Feminism and Social Institutions
• Major Feminist Waves
o First wave Feminists
o Second wave Feminists
o Third Wave Feminists
• Major Feminist Perspectives
o Liberal Feminism
o Radical Feminism
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o Marxist Feminism
o Socialist Feminism
o Psychoanalytic Feminism
o Islamic Feminism
▪ Loyalists
▪ Revisionists
▪ Rejectionists
• Gender Discrimination in Pakistani Social Institutions
o Family
o Education
o Politics
o Religion
o Economy
• Gender and Legislation
o Constitution of Pakistan
o Misogynistic constitutional clauses and acts
o Women sexual harassment act at workplace
o Legal pluralism, legal polycentricity, legal culture-their relevance for women’s lives and law
o “Mysoginistic Trends in Islamic Jurisprudence”
• Gender and Development.
o Transitional practices in the third world
o Socialist societies in the global system
o Problems of Development
o The role of non-government organizations in gender development
o Practical and Strategic Gender Needs and the Role of the State.
o Problems in Gender Development
o The role of non-government organizations in gender development
o WID, WAD, GID and GAD
• Contemporary Gender Issues in Pakistan
o Gender, Politics and Government (Reference to Pakistani Society).
o Gender Roles, the family and the Household”
o Gender and Administrative Post.
o Gender, Employment and Economy.
o Gender, Crime and Justice.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Abbott, Pamela and Wallace, Claire et. All. (2005). An Introduction to Sociology: Feminist
Perspectives Routledge: London
2. Afkhami, Mahnaz and Friedl, Erika. (1994). In the Eye of the Storm: Women in Post-Revolutionary
Iran I. B. Tauris Publishers: London
3. Donovan, Josephine. (1995). Feminist Theory. Frederick Ungar Book: New York
4. Frye, Marilyn (1992) Willful Virgin The Crossing Press Freedom: U.S.A
5. Khan, Maulana Wahiduddin. (2000) Women Between Islam And Western Society Dar-ut-
Tazkeer:Lahore
6. Khan, Nighat Said. (1993). Voices Within: Dialogues with women on Islam ASR Publications: Lahore
7. Khuri, Fuad I. (2001). The Body In Islamic Culture. Saqi Books: London
8. Mir-Hosseini, Ziba (1999). Islam and Gender: The Religious Debate in Contemporary Iran Princeton
University Press: London
9. Moghissi, Haideh. (1999). Feminism and Islamic Fundamentalism: The limits of Postmodern analysis.
Oxford University Press: New York.
10. Archer, J & Loyd B: Sex and Gender, Cambridge Role in Perspective, John Wiley, Toronto, 1982.
MSOC-312 SOCIOLOGY OF SOCIAL WORK
• Introduction
o Social work and its definition
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o Relationship with sociology
o Applications of sociological knowledge in social work
o Historical development of social welfare in South Asia
o Concept of welfare state and social welfare
• Methods of social work
o Case work: Basic concepts, principles of case work practice
o Group work: goals and purposes, principles of group work practice
o Community development: Nature and scope of community development with special reference to
Pakistan
• Social work services
o Psychiatric social work
o Medical social work
o Social work in schools
o Child welfare
o Services for the aged
o Services for women
o Services for the disabled
o Poverty reduction and other services
• Social work in Pakistan
o Role of government agencies-historical perspective
o Role of international agencies
o Role of NGOs
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Ferguson, Etizabath A (1963). Social Work: An Introduction, New York, J.B. L. Pincott Company.
2. Fink, Arthur E. ed.al. The field of Social Work, New York, Holt R. Nehart and Winston.
3. Fried: Amder. Watter A. (Ed) Concepts and Methods of Social Work. Englewood CL. Ffs. NJ Practice
Hall Inc. 1958.
4. Martin, Davis (1991) The Sociology of Social Work, London, Routledge.
5. Skidmore Rex A, Miltong Thackery. (1994), Introduction to Social Work. New Jercy. Prentice Hall
International Inc.
THIRD SEMESTER MSOC-401 SOCIOLOGY OF CHANGE
• The Study of Change
o The Social Scientific Perspective
o Social and Cultural Evolution
• The Components of Change
o Population Growth and Demographic Transition
o The Heritage and Dynamics of Culture
o Social Structures, Systems and Processes
• The Engines of Change
o Social Movements: Concepts and Principles
o Movements and Revolutions in Context
o The Process of Technological Innovation
• Change at the Macro Level
o From Gemeinschaft to Gessellschaft: The Urbanization of the Human Population
o A World Divided
o The Market, Capitalism, and Socialism
o Representative Government and the Modern Nation-state
• Planned Change: Making tomorrow’s Society
o Development and Democratic Planning
o Modernization and Postmodernism
o The Political Economy of Globalization
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BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Swansen, G.E. Social Change, Glenview, III, Scott, Foresman and Co. 1971.
2. Lapiere, R.T. Social Change, New York: McGraw Hill Book Co., 1965.
3. Elzioni, A, and E. Elzioni, (eds), Social Change, New York: Basic Book Inc, 1964.
4. Moore, W.E, Social Change, Englawood Cliffs, N.J. Prentice Hall Inc, 1974.
5. Smith, A.D, The Concept of Social Change: A Critique of the Functionalist Theory of Social Change,
London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1973.
MSOC-403 DEVIANCE AND CRIMINOLOGY
(Part 1 Deviance) • Introduction
o Definitions
o Nature
o Relative phenomenon
o Difference between deviance and crime
• Deviance and Types of Deviance
o Social stigma
o Mental illness
• Social Factors and Deviance
• Function of Deviance
• Theories of Deviance
o Biological explanation
o Psychological explanation
• Sociological explanation
o Functionalist theories of deviance
o Conflict theories of deviance
o Symbolic integrationist theories of deviance
• Controlling Deviance
• Deviance in global perspective
o Debating social policy
o Some Important Case Studies. (Part 1 Criminology) • Introduction
o Criminology and its scope
o Criminology and its law
• Related Concepts
o Deviancy
o Sin
o Vice
o Crime as a social and cultural phenomenon
o Crime and social organization
o Crime as a social problem
o Crime and social structure
• Theories and Approaches to Criminal Behavior
o Biological and environmental factors
o Psychological and psychiatric determinants
o Sociological and economic approaches
o Islamic point of view
• Crime and Criminals
o The occasional criminals
o The habitual criminals
o The professional criminals
o The white-collar crimes
o The organized crimes
19
o Corporate crimes
o Custom based deviance and crimes
• Juvenile delinquency
o Juvenile delinquency and crime
o Delinquency prevention at juvenile level
o Juvenile reformatories
o Probation
o Other preventive measures/ programes with reference to Pakistan
• Crime Statistics
o Sources, difficulties and need
o National crime statistics and its sociological interpretation
o International crime statistics and its sociological interpretation
o Problems of reliability and validity
• Detection of Crimes
o Agencies of detection formal-informal
o Techniques of detection
o Problems of detection
• Trail and conviction of offenders
o Agencies: formal/informal criminal court
o Types, problems and procedures
• Punitive and reformative treatments of criminals
o Corporal punishments
o Capital punishment
o Imprisonment
o Prison and related problems
o Probation
o Parole
o Rehabilitation of criminals
o Specific study of Islamic laws with special emphases on Hadood, Qisas and Tazir
• Prevention of Crime
o Long term measures
o Short term measures
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Aulak, An Mafid. Criminal Justice, Martin, Ramdy, 1991. Criminological Thnought- Pioneers, Past
and Present. Macmillan and Co.
2. Jupp. Victor (1989), Methods of Criminological Research, London, Macmillan and Co.
3. Hagon, John Modern (1987), Criminology , New York, McGraw Hill.
4. Resen Berg M.M.: An Introduction to Sociology, Methven, New York, 1983.
5. Curra, John, Understanding Social Deviance: From the Near Side to the outer limits, NewYork, Harper
Collins, 1994.
MSOC-405 SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
• Introduction:
o Definition and scope of social psychology
o Historical development of social psychology
o Methods and framework of social psychology
• Human Behavior & Personality:
o Psychological dynamics
o Socio-cultural dynamics
o Man as a psycho-bio-social unit.
o Personality Development:
o Socialization and personality development
o Theories of personality development
20
• Theorists
o Sigmund Freud
o C.H. Cooley
o Skinner
o G.H. Mead.
• Cultural and Social Development:
o Universal cultural patterns
o Cultural values and inter-personal adjustment
• Individual in Society:
o Interpersonal behavior
o Attitudes (meaning, formation, and change) perception
o Language (communication and change) motivation
• Group dynamics:
o Group life
o Formation of groups
o Dimensions of group effectiveness
o Dynamics of Leadership:
o Leadership
o Role and status, psycho-social factors underlying roles
o Types of leaderships
o Group morale and leadership
• Stress in Social Behavior:
o Social behavior
o Physically, psychologically, socially stressful situation, tension, frustration, stress, tension
reduction.
• Psychological problems of Pakistani Society
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Worchil, S. (2000), Social Psychology, Australia, Wadsworth.
2. Lindesmith, Alfred R. Straurs Anselm L. Perzin, N.K, (1994), Social Psychology, London, SAGIE.
3. Baron, R. (1998), Exploring Social Psychology, Allyn, Bacon.
MSOC-407 INDUSTRIAL SOCIOLOGY (OPTION-I)
• Introduction
o Sociology and industrial,
o Work, occupation’ industry, organization, factory, and management.
o Industrialization
o Antecedent of industrialization in west.
o Process of industrialization
o theories of industrialization
• Formal organization
o Bureaucracy
o Trade union and theories of unionism.
• Work ethics in Islam
o Division of labor
o Work ethics
o Distribution of wealth,
• Industry and sociology
o Industry and social change
• Industrialization in Pakistan
o Historical view of industrial development
o Problems and prospects of industrialization in sociological perspective
o Industrial relationship in Pakistan.
• Trade unionism in Pakistan
o Labor movement
o Trade unionism
21
o Union leadership and collective garaging.
• Labour policies in Pakistan
o Historical perspective
o Analysis of current prices.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Smith J H. (1981) Industrial Sociology, New York, UNESCO.
2. Rizvi BA Sarwar, Industrial Labor Relations in Pakistan, Karachi, National Institute of Social and
Economic Research, 1973.
3. Government of Pakistan, Five Year Plan, I, II, III, IV, V.
4. Labor Policies, Government of Pakistan 2001.
MSOC-409 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
(OPTION-II)
• Introduction:
o Meaning and difference between social organization
o formal and informal organization
o Characteristics of formal organization.
• Theories of Formal Organization:
o classical organizational theories
o neoclassical theories
o System approach to organization.
• Organizational Structure and Human Resource Management:
o Meaning and interrelationship of organizational size
o Complexity and formalization.
• Organizational Processes:
o motivation, power and authority
o leadership
o Communication
o Conflict
o decision making
• Human Resource Management
o Role of human resource development in organization and socialization of employees
o Training and development of employees
o Career planning and human resource development
o Meaning and problems of performance appraisal.
• General problems in organization of Pakistan:
o Structural problem
o Operational problems
o Behavior problems
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Ahuja KK. (1993). Management and Organization Dehli CBS Publishers and Distributors.
2. Davis, Newstoms (1992), Organizational Behavior. Human Behavior at work
3. New York. McGraw Hill Inc.
4. Peterson R.B. and I. Tracy (1979), Systematic Management of Human Resources. UK. Adison-Wasty
Pub. Co.
5. Weihrich and Koontz (1993). Management: A Global Perspective 10th Edition, NewYork: McGraw
Hill Inc.
6. Luthans, 1998,Organization Behavior, McGraw Hill
MSOC-411 ETHNOLOGY OF PAKISTAN (OPTION-I)
• Introduction
o Definition of Society
o Characteristics of Pakistani Society
o Social Stratification, Cast, Class & Ethnicity
o Social Institutions in Pakistan
22
▪ Family
▪ Religion
▪ Economy
▪ Politics
▪ Education
▪ Recreational
• Educational Dynamics
o Illiteracy
o Literacy
o Universal Primary Education Concept
o Schools; Technical & Higher Education
o Status of Formal and Informal Education
• Historical Perspective of Pakistani Culture
o Provincial Culture
▪ Culture of Punjab
▪ Culture of Sindh
▪ Culture of Khyber-Pakhtunkhaw
▪ Culture of Balochistan
▪ Culture of Kashmir & Northern Areas
• Urban and Rural Division of Pakistan
o Rural Society
o Urban Society
• Social organization
o Social institutions
o Culture: regional cultures, languages, ethnicity and cultural lag
o Social values and norms
o Social stratification: caste and biradri, tribe and clan, occupation
o Power structure: jirga, hujra, punchayat, mosque and khanqah, owners of land
o and industry
o Recreation: festivals, urs, mella
• Social change and development
o Forces of change and legal framework
o Impact of religion
o Indigenous industry and acquisition of modern technology
o Industrialization and urbanization: migration, housing settlement and
o emergence of slums
o Resistance to social change: attitudes, values and norms
o Human rights and gender discrimination
o Emerging patterns/trends: NGOs and other voluntary organizations
• Social problems
o Deviance and social control
o Population growth and unemployment
o Industrialization and environmental issues
o Refugees, other non registered immigrants and Internally Displaced Persons
o (IDPs)
o Economy and debts
o Illiteracy
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Abdul Qudus, Syed (1990). Social Change in Pakistan. Lahore: Progressive Publishers.
2. Abdullaha, Ahmed (1973). The Historical Background of Pakistan and its People. Karachi: Tanzeem.
3. Abdur Rauf, Dr. (1975). Islamic Culture in India and Pakistan. Lahore: Feroz Sons.
4. Ahmad, Akbar S.(1990) Pakistan Society, Karachi, Royal Book Co.
5. Ahmed, Akber S. (1990). Pakistan: The Social Sciences’s Perspective. Karachi: Oxford University
Press.
23
6. Ahmed, Qazi S.(1964). A geography of Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
7. Aitzaz Ahsen (1999). The Indus Saga; the making of Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
8. Akbar, S. Ahmed (1977) Pieces of Green: the sociology of change in Pakistan (1964 -1974). Karachi:
Royal Book co.
9. Amin, Tahir (1988). Ethno National Movements of Pakistan: Domestic and International Factors.
Islamabad: Institute of Policy Studies.
10. Anita M. Weis (1991). Culture, Class and Development in Pakistan. Lahore: Vangaurd.
11. Binder, Leonard (1963) Religion and Politics in Pakistan. California: University of California press.
12. Choudhary, M. Iqbal (1964) Pakistani Society
13. Eberhard, wolfram . Studies on Pakistan’s social and economic conditions.
14. Hasting, Donnald, F. Selier (1997). Family and Gender in Pakistan; domestic organization in a Muslim
society. New Delhi: Hidustan Publishing Corporation.
15. Ikram, S. M. (1955). The Cultural Heritage of Pakistan. London: Oxford University Press.
16. Maron, Stanley (1957). Pakistan: Society and Culture. New York: Human Relations Files (monograph)
17. Quddus, Syed Abdul (1989). The Cultural Patterns of Pakistan. Lahore: Ferozsons.
18. Sabeeha, Hafeez (1991). Changing Pakistan Society. Karachi: Royal book Co.
MSOC-413 RURAL AND URBAN SOCIOLOGY AND HUMAN ECOLOGY
(OPTION-II)
• Introduction.
• Structural Basis of Rural Social Organization.
• Social Institutions in Rural Society.
• Social Processes of Rural Society.
• Development in Rural Society.
• Rural Society in Transition.
• Definition of Basic Concepts.
• The Rise and Decline of Cities.
• The Growth of Cities.
• The Ecology of the City.
• Group Life and Personality.
• Organization of City Life.
• Social Disorganization and the City.
• Town Planning.
• Urban Policies in Pakistan.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Chitamber, J.B. (1975), An Introduction to Rural Sociology, New Delhi Balley Eastern Ltd.
2. Kolb. John. H.L. (1989), A Study of Rural Sociology (4th Edition) Houghton Mifflin.
3. Khan Hameed A. (1985) Rural Development in Pakistan Lahore, Vanguard.
4. Quim, James A. (1995), Urban Sociology, New York, America Park Co.
5. Nabeel; Hamdi (1995), Housing without Houses. WCIB 4HH, UK.
6. Lamba, P.S. and.S.S. Salanki, (1992), Impact of urbanization and industrialization on rural society.
New Delhi, Wiley Eastern Limited.
7. Bardo. John W. (1982) Urban Society. New York, McGraw Hill Inc.
8. Unders Tanding, Karachi, Arif Hassan, 2001, City Press, Karachi.
MSOC-415 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL MOBILIZATION
(OPTION-I)
• Conceptual Framework of Community Development:
o Meaning, scope and subject matter
o Nature and characteristics of developed communities.
o Needs and problems.
o Possible solutions and desired goals.
24
• Community:
o Stages of community evolution.
o Historical development of less developed countries.
o Historical background of community development as a world wide movement is Pakistan.
• Definition, Concepts, Principles and methods:
o Definition: philosophy and concepts of Community Development.
o Aim, Goal, nature and scope of Community Development.
o Community Development and related Terms: Community Organization; National Development
and Adult Education (REFLECT).
o Social, political and economic implications of community development and its role in National
Development.
o Principles and methods of community development.
• Working and Community:
o Aims and Goals.
o Process and stages of work.
o Methods and techniques for brining change and introducing New Ideas.
o Community planning-community Survey and needs-Planning in process and planning into
Action.
o Working with different groups and eliminating group conflicts.
o Role and functions of Social Organizer.
• Organization and administration of Community Development Program:
o Types of Community Development Programs; Characteristics and Analysis of each.
o Rural and Urban Community Development; similarities and differences, nature and scope.
o Communication and co-ordination in community development.
o Stimulations of voluntary action and development of local leadership.
o Participatory Reflection and Action (PRA)
• Progress and Evolution:
o Review of Rural Community Development and Urban community Development in Pakistan.
(Village-aid, Basic Democracies, Orangi Pilot Project, Comilla Projects, IRDP).
o Role and functioning of Rural Support Programs in Pakistan
o Comparative Study of community Development and Evolutions of the experiences of other South
Asian countries.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Jan, Ikramullah. and Jan, Abidullah. Social Organizers. 60-The Mall, Lahore. Mavra Publishers.
2. Khalid, Mohammad. (1996). Social Work: Theory and Practice. (2nd ed.). Karacahi: Kifayat
Academy, Educational Publishers.
3. Ross, Murray G. (1955). Community Organization: Theory and Principles. New York: Harper & Row
Publishers.
4. Skidmore, Rex A. and Thackeray, Milton G. (1964). Introduction to Social Work. New York:
Meredith Publishing Company.
5. Warburton, Diane. (1998). Community & Sustainable Development. London: Earthscan Publications
Ltd.
6. Khan, Akhter H., (1985), Rural Development in Pakistan, Lahore, Vanguard Books Ltd
MSOC-417 SOCIOLOGY OF PEACE AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION (OPTION-II)
Course Outline
• Introduction
o Subject Matter and Basic Concepts
o Importance of Peace in Society
o Peace and Social Order
• Informal Measures to Maintain Peace
o Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanisms
o General types of ADR defined
25
• Formal Measures to Maintain Peace
o Review of Judicial System
o Court structure and subject matter jurisdiction
o Progress of a case through the system
o Analysis of benefits and detriments of the judicial system
o Client/attorney perspectives
o Advantages and disadvantages
• Mediation Training
o Introduction and Goals
o Review of court organization chart
o Conflicts: causes and responses
o Listening skills
o Elements of Mediation
o Issue identification
o Prioritizing
o Timing and climate setting
o Causes
• Role of the Mediator
o Objectives before and during the mediation process
o Reducing defensive communication
o Essential qualities necessary
o Common errors
o Role play
• Conducting a Mediation Session
o Case preparation
o Opening statements to parties
o Explanation of process and role of mediator
o Ground rules
o Confidentiality
o Role play
• Common Problem Areas
o Dealing with impasse
o Summarizing issues
o Hostile parties
o Manipulative parties
o Social service needs and referrals
o Role play
• Negotiation
o The Process and Outcome of Negotiation
o Tactics, Techniques and Skills of Negotiation
o Ethical Issues in Negotiation
o Application: from Individual Use in Business to Courtroom Tactics
o Service Learning Component: District Court
• Mediation
o Forms and Functions
o Skills Training
o Philosophical and Ethical Issues
o Substantive Areas of Law Where Applied: Community Disputes, Landlord/Tenant, Domestic
Relations
o Service Learning Component: Municipal Court Mediation
• Arbitration
o The Process, the Participants, the Neutrals and the Authority
o Arbitration Act
o Substantive Areas of Law Where Applied: Labor and Employment, Automobile, Construction,
Business Insurance, Securities, etc.
26
• Hybrid Process
o Med/Arb
o Summary Jury Trials
o Minitrials
o Early Neutral Evaluation
o Special Masters
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Bernadine Van Gramberg, 2005. Managing Workplace Conflict: Alternative Dispute Resolution in
Australia
2. Craig E. Runde, Tim A. Flanagan. 2006. Becoming a Conflict Competent Leader: How You and Your
Organization Can ....
3. De Dreu, Michele J Gelfand Published Dec,2007
4. Kent M. Weeks, 1999. Managing Campus Conflict Through Alternative Dispute Resolution
5. Laurie S. Coltri. 2003. Conflict Diagnosis and Alternative Dispute Resolution
6. The Psychology Conflict Management and Conflict in Organizations Carsten K.W.
FOURTH SEMESTER MSOC-402 SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH AND MEDICINE
• Medical Sociology
o Defining Health
o Contrasting ideas about Health and Social Behavior
• Imagining Health Problems as Social Issues
o Social Production and Social Construction of Health and Illness
o Deconstructing Health and Illness
o Major Sociological paradigms and health
• Indigenous and Cosmopolitan Models of Health Care
o Health Care: The Indigenous Version
o Health Care: The Cosmopolitan Version
o Towards Integration: Problems and Prospects
• Social Roles of Care Seekers and Care Providers
o Cultural Construction of Health and Illness
o Indigenous Health System and Health Beliefs
o Role of Indigenous Healer
o Role of Cosmopolitan Doctor
• Epidemiology
o Epidemiological Measures
o The Development of Epidemiology
o The Complexity of Modern Ills: Coronary Heart Disease
o Disease and Modernization
• Models of Health
o Medical Model
o Bio-Psycho-Social Model
o Human ecosystem Model
o New Public Health
o Primary Health Care
• Social Stress
o Symbolic Interaction: Cooley, Thomas, and Goffman
o Functionalism: Durkheim
o Stress
o Social Factors and Stress
• The Body, Medicine, and Society
o Beliefs about Health and the Body
o Medical Encounter, Power, and the Illness experience
27
o Body Maintenance and the Disciplined Body
o Distinctions between Bodies
• The Sick Role
o Illness as Deviance
o Functionalist Approach to Deviance
o The Sick Role
o Criticism of the Sick Role
o Labeling Theory
o Sickness as Social Deviance
o Being Sick and Disabled
• Doctor-Patient Interaction
o Models of Interaction
o Misunderstandings in Communication
o Cultural Differences in Communication
o Patient Compliance
o The Future of Doctor-Patient Relations
o Doctor-Patient Relations and Technology
• Hospitals
o The Development of the Hospital as a Social Institution
o Hospitals in the United States
o The Organization of the General Hospital
o The Hospital-Patient Role
o The Rising Cost of Hospitalization
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. David Tucket (Ed), An Introduction to Medical Sociology, London, Taritocl Publication, 1976.
2. David, Mechanic, Medical Sociology, New York. The Free Press, 1960.
3. Moward E. Treaman at. Al. Handbook of Medical Sociology, Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall, Inc.
1963.
4. Moon, Graham (1995) Society and Health. An Introduction to Social Science for Health Professional.
London. Routledge.
5. Shah, Ilyas (1998) Community Medicine . Karachi.
6. Bauggartner, Teda (1994), Conducting and reading research in health and human performance.
England, Brow and Benchmarn Publishers.
MSOC-404 NGO MANAGEMENT
• Introduction
o Introduction to Management and Organizations
o Management Perspectives
o Management as a Decision Making Process
• Introduction to Non-Profit Organisation/ NGO
o Mission, Vision, Value and Principles
o Strategic Management of NGO
o NGO and Civil Society
o NGO as an agent of Development
o Advocacy and Services Delivery: Main NGO Activities
o NGO and Management of Relationships
• Organisational structure, leadership and setting up a board of directors
o Project management 1: assessment and planning
o Project management 2 - project development and implementation
o Business plans and grant proposals
o Staff and Volunteer management
o Fundraising
o Financial management
• NGOs and democracy
o Regulations to corporations
28
o Government NGO co-operation
o NGOs in planning and development
• NGOs and Globalization
o Economic surveillance through Global Village
o Role of NGOs in sustainable development
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Goel, O.P. (2004) Strategic Management and policy issues of NGOs
2. Blank. 2000. The natural laws of leadership. Royal book company, Karachi
3. Khan, Imdad. A. 1998. Changing pattern of rural leadership and their characteristics. Pakistan
academy for rural development, Peshawar, Pakistan
MSOC-406 APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN SOCIAL RESEARCH
• Preliminaries
Statistical Software. General Social Survey Data. SPSS Electronic Files and their handling/ manipulation
such as Opening existing data files, Importing data from non-SPSS formats, Saving files, Creating SPSS
output files. Measurement of variables using SPSS.
• Transforming Variables
Recoding and computing variables. Recoding variables: dichotomous and dummy variables. Computing
variables. Using the Count function. Computing an Index using the mean. Multiple response.
• Selecting and Sampling Cases
Targeted Selection. Random Selection. Selecting Cases for inclusion in a new data set.
• Organization and Presentation of Information
Measures of Central Tendency and Variability. Frequency Distribution.
• Charts and Graphs
Box-plot, Scatter Plot, Histogram. Bar Graph, Pie Chart, Additional graphic capabilities in SPSS
statistics.
• Cross Tabulation and Measures of Association for Nominal and Ordinal Variables
Bivariate analysis. Adding another variable or dimension to the analysis. Measures of association for
nominal or ordinal variables. Lambda, Gamma, Somers’ d.
• Correlation and Regression Analysis
Bivariate Regression, correlation, Multiple regression.
• Testing Hypothesis using Means and Cross Tabulations
Comparing means for paired and independent samples. Chi Square.
• Analysis of Variance
One-way ANOVA, ANOVA with regression.
• Editing Output
Editing basic table. Copying to MS Word. Exporting Output. Editing charts and graphs.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. William E. Wagner, III, “Using SPSS for Social Statistics and Research Methods”, 2009, 2nd ed,
SAGE Publications
2. Richard J. Kendrick, “Social Statistics: An Introduction Using SPSS”, 2005, 2nd ed, Pearson
Publications
MSOC-408 TECHNIQUES OF POPULATION ANALYSIS (OPTION-I)
• Meaning and Scope of Demography
o Sources of Demographic Data
o Basic Demographic Measures
o Midyear Population
• Age and Sex Structure (Patterns, determinants and demographic effects)
o Analyzing the Age Structure
o The Accuracy of Age and Sex Statistics
o Smoothing the Age Distribution
o Adjusting the Age structure of the Population to a New Total Population
o Interpolation between Two Population Age Structure
• Microcomputer Analysis of Demographic Data (MADD)
29
o Population Analysis Spreadsheet (PAS)
o Component in PAS
o How to use PAS
• Mortality Measures (Direct Estimation)
o Crude Death Rate (CDR)
o Age-Specific Death Rate (ASDR)
o Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
o Child Mortality Rate
o Direct and Indirect Standardization of Crude Death Rates
o Decomposition of the Differences between Two Crude Death Rates
• Study visit to the Registration Bureau,
o Department of Local Administration,
o Ministry of interior.
• The Life Table
o Nature and Use of Life Table
o Life Table Functions
• Construction of a Life Table
• Fertility and Reproductivity Measures (Direct Estimation)
o Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
o Age-specific Fertility Rate (ASFR)
o Age-specific Marital Fertility Rate
o Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
o Gross Reproduction Rate (GRR)
o Net Reproduction Rate (NRR)
o Direct and Indirect Standardization of CBR and Standardization of TFR
o Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR)
• Nuptiality
o Singulate Mean Age at Marraign (SMAM)
o Fertility and Reproductivity Measures
• Internal Migration
o Basic Concepts and Definition
o Principal Sources of Data
o Migration Rates and Ratio
o Urbanization
• Internal Migration Estimates
o Estimates Net Migration in an Area
o Estimating Rural-to-Urban Migration
o Measures of Population Distribution
o Degree of Urbanization
o Tempo of Urbanization
• Population Projections
• Population Projections: Software Packages
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. A Textbook of Demography by OS Shrivastava, 1983
2. Introductory Methods in Population Studies by R. B. Mandal, Joseph Uyanga and Hanuman Prasad,
1989
3. Techniques of Population Analysis by George W. Barclay, 1958
4. Basic Demographic Techniques and Applications 1998 by K. Srinivasan (Vedams Books (Pvt) Ltd)
5. Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Process by Samuel H. Preston, Patrick Heuveline,
Michel Guillot, Michelle Guillon (Amazon Inc.)
6. Demographic Methods 1998 by Andrew Hinde (Arnold Publisher, London)
7. Measuring Mortality, Fertility, and Natural Increase: A Self-Teaching Guide to Elementary Measures
by James A. Palmore and Robert W. Gardner (The East-West Center, Honolulu)
30
8. Weeks, John R. 1992. Population: An Introduction to Concepts and issues. (Wadsworth Publishing
Company, Belmont, California)
9. Population Handbook (4th ed.)(Population Reference Bureau, USA)
10. The Methods and Materials of Demography by Henry S. Shryock, Jacob S. Siegal, Edward G.
Stockwell (Academic Press Inc.)
11. Barclay, George W. Techniques of Population Analysis. John Wrley & Sons, New York
12. Thompson Warren S. & David T. Lewis Population Problems.
13. Pollard A. H & Farhat Yousuf, Demographic Techniques. 1974
14. Ronald Pressat Demographic Analysis, Methods, Results, Applications. Aldine Publishing Company
New York 1977
15. Shyrock Henry,s and Jacob S. Seigel The Methods and Materials of Demography: Studies in
Population.
16. United Nations. Determinants and Consequences of Population Trends 1973
17. United Nations. Indirect Techniques for Demographic estimations Manual X
18. United Nations. Methods of Estimating Basic Demographic Measures from Incomplete Data Manual
IV
19. United Nations. Indirect Techniques for Demographic estimations Manual X
20. Population Association of Pakistan, Pakistan’s Population Issues in the 21st Century 2001. Islamabad
21. Population Association of Pakistan, Pakistan’s Population Stabilization Prospects 2002. Islamabad
22. Farooq, Ghazi M & George Simmons Fertility in Developing Countries an Economic Perspective on
Research & Policy Issues. McMillan 1985 Speigleman, M Introduction to Demography, Cambridge,
University Press 196
MSOC-410 SOCIOLOGY OF HUMAN RIGHTS (OPTION-II)
• Basic Concepts
o Civil Rights, Democratic Rights and Human Rights.
o Perspectives on Rights: Liberal, Marxist and Neo-Marxist.
o State, Constitution and Rights in Pakistan: Class, Caste, Tribe and Gender Growth of new rights
e.g. Environment
o Rights movement in Post in the post independent period
o Rights and Globalisation, Role of United Nations and Anti-Globalisation Movements.
• Conceptualising ‘state sovereignty’
o Creation of states
o Statehood and state sovereignty
• The nature of international law
o Municipal law versus international law
o Making and enforcing international law
o IR actors as subjects of international law
o Theory and themes
• Human rights in international law
o Important human rights treaties and obligations of state parties -UDHR, ICCPR, ICESCR etc
o Human rights as part of international customary law
o Enforcing human rights
o Preventive action / Humanitarian interventions (Past successes – Mozambique, failures –
Rwanda, Somalia)
o International courts and tribunals
▪ Prosecutable offences under international law
▪ ICTY and ICTR
▪ ICC
o National mechanisms and transitional justice
o TRC in South Africa
▪ Gacaca trials in Rwanda
31
o Soft law as an alternative
▪ The role of IGOs and non-state actors
▪ Foreign policy tools
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Forsythe, D.P.: Human Rights in International Relations (second edition), CUP, 2006
2. The social context of Law by Sheryl J. Grana and Jane C. Ollenburger, pages 14 to 17.
3. Sociology of Law. Types and functions of Law: Law and Society by Steven Vago and Adie Nelson,
pages 1 to 23.
4. Defining Law: Alex Wellington and Allan Greenbaun, pages 8 to 9.
5. Sociolegal theories: An introduction by Neil Boyd, pages 3 to 29.
6. The Sociology of Law by Brian Burtch, pages 27 to 35 41 to 51.
MSOC-412 SOCIOLOGY OF RELIGION (OPTION-I)
• Introduction
o Definition
o Elements of religion
• Theories of Religion
o Introductory theories
o How religion evolve
o Sociological explanation
o Sociological theories
o Psycho-analytical theories
• Sociological consequences
o The sociological functions of religion
o Universal order of religion
o Pragmatism in religion
o Integrating power of religion
o Religion and social ideals
• Sociological analysis of world religions systems
o Judaism
o Hinduism
o Islam
o Christianity
o Buddhism
• Types of religious authority
o The prophet
o Clergy/organization of religious groups
o The reformer
o The saint/priest/moulvi
o The magician
• Religion as Agency of Social Control
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Thompson. Ian. (1988), Religion, Sociology in Focus Series. London Longman.
2. Johnstone, Ronald L. (1975), Religion and Society in Interaction. The Sociology of Religion, New
Jersey Prentice-Hall.
3. Vernon, Glenn M. (1962), Sociology of Religion, NewYork McGraw Hill.
MSOC-414 SOCIOLOGY OF EDUCATION (OPTION-II)
• Introduction
o The concept of education
o Origin and development of education
• Institutional Fabric of Education
o Education and religion
o Education and polity
32
o Education and economy
o Education and social mobility
• Forms of Education
o Formal
o Non-formal
o Informal
• Contemporary Educational System
o Semester system
o Annual system
• Education in Pakistan
o Educational statistics
o Education policy and reforms
o Private and public sectors of education
o Education problems
o Quality of education
o Investment in education
o Access to education
o Teachers’ training
o Dropouts and wastage
o Students’ problems
BOOKS RECOMMENDED: -
1. Ballantine, Jeanne H. (1993), The Sociology of Education. A Systematic Analysis. New Gercy
Prentice Hall.
2. Best, John W. (1992), research in Education, New Delhi, Prentice Hall.
3. Singh, Dr. Achyut Kumar, (1992), Education and National Character. New Delhi, Ashish Publishing
House.
MSOC-416 THESIS
• Field Research and Report (150 Marks)
• Viva Voce (50 Marks)
