msme_finance.pdf

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Financing for MSMEsThe eastside story

www.pwc.com/india


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The Micro Small and Medium Enterprise (MSME) sector in India is essential toachieving the targeted growth rate of our nation. This sector nurtures buddingentrepreneurs and incubates innovation at its most rudimentary level. A growthin the MSME sector not only ensures industrialisation in backward areas, but alsoindicates a more equitable Gini coefcient. In the last ve-year plan, this sector

demonstrated an average growth of 12%, raising the share of the manufacturingsector in GDP to 16%. With the country moving towards a more inclusive growthagenda, a robust MSME sector can accelerate the growth rate, as they do notnecessitate huge investments while simultaneously acting as ancillary units to largerindustries. Hence, for the growth of the manufacturing sector in the country andspecically in the eastern region, there is a need to focus on the MSME sector.

Albeit the sector has shown impressive potential, it also faces a number of challengesto its growth story. MSMEs suffer the high cost of credit which does not reach themon time. There is inadequate capital infusion compounded by insufcient data oncredit requirement.

To address such issues, various central and state government schemes have beenrolled out supported by government bodies, banks and nancial institutions toinfuse funds in this sector. Central government bodies such as the National SmallIndustries Corporation which assists small units by forwarding requisite machinery,play an important role. The Small Industries Development Agency is a unique single-

window service for SSI units. The Reserve Bank of India Rural Planning and CreditDepartment acts to renance nationalised banks and nancial institutions in theindustry sector. The credit guarantee scheme i.e. CGTMSE facilitates collateral freecredit and merit based lending. Schemes like TUF (Technology Upgradation Fund)provide technological inputs to the beneciary units.

This study attempts to document the various schemes and new nancing methodsavailable for MSMEs and provide them with a roadmap for optimal use. The reportdelineates the pivotal role of the credit rating agencies in assessing and establishingthe authenticity of rms who seek nancial support. It also highlights alternativenancing options like venture capital, factoring and supply chain nancing as aroute to access capital from bank and non bank sources. The innovative platformprovided by the recently introduced SME Exchange, that promises to give the SMEsa much needed access to low cost equity capital, has also been analysed.

This CII-PwC report focuses on nancing solutions for MSMEs in east India andprovides a roadmap for MSMEs to overcome liquidity issues.

Foreword


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MSMEs and their nancing

OverviewThe MSME sector in India is incredibly heterogeneous interms of size of the enterprises, variety of products andservices produced and levels of technology employed. Asper the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises DevelopmentAct of 2006, enterprises with the capital investment (plant,machinery and equipment) levels within 10 crore INR (forservices worth 5 crore INR) qualify as MSMEs.

The MSME sector contributes in a signicant way to thegrowth of the Indian economy with a vast network of over32 million units, creating employment of about 70 million,manufacturing more than 6000 products, contributingabout 45% to manufacturing output and about 40% ofexports, directly and indirectly.

It is an acknowledged fact that the MSME sector can helprealise the target of the proposed National ManufacturingPolicy of raising the share of the manufacturing sectorin GDP from 16% at present to 25% by the end of 2022.However, this sector has faced certain impediments togrowth, owing to some historical factors discussed below.

ChallengesDespite showing a robust growth rate of over 10% overthe last 5 years, the MSME sector is beset with operationalproblems due to size and nature of business. In 2010, thePrime Minister of India appointed a task force set up underthe chairmanship of the Principal Secretary, to consider

various issues raised by MSME associations, discuss with thestakeholders and chalk out an action agenda. The key issuesidentied by the task force, and subsequently taken up bythe Planning Commission in the 12th plan are as follows:

Financing related

Non-availability of adequate and timely credit;

High cost of credit;

Collateral requirements;

Limited access to equity capital.

Legal and tax related

Multiplicity and procedural complexity oflabour laws;

No mechanism for quick revival of viable sickunits and speedy shutdown of unviable ones;

Issues relating to taxation, both direct and

indirect, and procedures thereof.

Operations related

Problems in supply to government departmentsand agencies;

Cost efcient procurement of raw materials;

Problems of storage, designing, packaging andproduct display.

Infrastructure and technology related

Lack of access to global markets;

Inadequate infrastructure;

Lack of access to modern technologies;

Lack of skilled manpower in manufacturing,services, marketing, etc.

Various action points were included in the Task Forcesrecommendations, but the nancing problems still persist.MSME owners generally have limited access to credit. Thisforces them to borrow from unregulated lending markets or

from their own dealers and they end up paying much higherinterests. Not only does this lead to overpricing of products,but also limits the MSME owners ability to add value,upgrade technology, quality and adopt modern managementtechniques. Thus availability of credit at affordable cost iscritical for Indian SMEs.

Financing of MSMEsMSMEs require timely and adequate capital infusionthrough term loans and working capital loans, particularlyduring the early and growth stages. Historically the MSMEshave relied on following sources for nancing their needs:

Retained earnings, funding through sale of assets

Ancestral capital, personal savings, loans from relatives,loans from unregulated market

Institutional nancing from scheduled commercial banks

Venture capital funds/ seed funds

Among the formal nancial institutions, commercial banksconstitute the largest source of nancial assistance for theMSME sector at about 87% as of 31st March 2011. Theoutstanding MSE credit by SCBs recorded a strong growth of34% in FY 2011 on a strong base of 3,62,291 crore INR as of31st March 2010.

The traditional and emerging options for nancingMSMEs in the eastern states of West Bengal, Bihar, Odisha,Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh, MSMEs have been discussed inthe subsequent section.


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MSME nancing in eastern India

Traditional nancing optionsThe number of new MSMEs has been consistently increasingacross the nation. Financial support can be attributed as areason for this. This has been possible through various debtinstruments, limited equity capital and a slew of governmentschemes. However, the picture is less rosy in the easternregion of India. To address this, many schemes for thedevelopment of MSMEs have been launched by the centraland state governments. Many central and state institutesprovide varied assistance for the growth of MSMEs ineastern India.

Financial support from public sector banks

Public sector banks have been pioneers in providingnancial assistance to several MSMEs which can approachthe banks for loans under various schemes. The governmentof India has shown strong commitment to double the credit

Name of scheme/ institute Nature of assistance

National Small IndustriesCorporation (NSIC)

Financial and marketing assistance to the small scale unit supplying requisite machinery on hirepurchase and leasehold basis

Small Industries DevelopmentAgency (SIDA)

Single window service for SSI units

Credit Linked Capital SubsidyScheme (CLCSS) (by variousbanks and institutes refer toappendix A.2)

Facilitates technology upgradation of micro and small enterprises. The scheme provides 15% capitalsubsidy on institutional nance availed by them for induction of well-established and improvedtechnology in approved subsector products. The maximum limit of loan for calculation of capitalsubsidy under the scheme is 100 lakh INR with a maximum subsidy of 15 lakh INR.

PMEGP Training Programme Beneciaries can set up micro enterprises by availing of margin money subsidy of 25% (35% for

special categories) of the project cost in rural areas. The maximum cost of the projects assisted underPMEGP is 25 lakh INR in the manufacturing sector and 10 lakh INR in t he service sector.

Small Industry DevelopmentBank of India (SIDBI) (EasternRegional Ofce)

Promotion, nancing and development of the small scale sector, and co-ordination of the functionsof the institutions engaged in the promotion and nancing or developing industry in t he small scalesector.

SIDBI also renances institutions such as state nancial corporations (SFCs), state industrialdevelopment corporations (SIDCs), and commercial banks against loans granted to the small-scalesector. SIDBI also acts as nancer for small-scale projects directly on a selective basis.

Products and servies offered by SIDBI may be broadly classied:

Institutional: Focuses on renance schemes, like Mahila Udyam Nidhi, nance to small transportoperators, technology upgradation fund for textile units, loans for acquisition of ISO certication, self-employment loan for ex-servicemen, single window nance for short term credit, all of them operatedthrough SFCs or SIDCs or primary lending institutions or Banks or other micronance institutions,depending upon the category of loans.

Promotional:SIDBI acts as a nodal agency for several Government schemes such as TechnologyUpgradation Fund Scheme for t he textile sector, Integrated Development of Leather Sector Schemefor the leather sector and Modernization/Upgradation of Food Processing Industry.

SIDBI Venture Capital Fund Ltd (SVCL) manages two funds set up by SIDBI at the national level.

The National Venture Capital Fund for Software and IT Industry (NFSIT) is worth 100 crore INR,established with the focus of supporting incubation projects of small-scale units in the IT andrelated business.

The SME Growth Fund has a corpus of 500 crore INR which targets growth-oriented businessesin the areas of life sciences, retailing, light engineering, food processing, IT, infrastructure relatedservices, healthcare, logistics and distribution, for making primary equity and equity relatedinvestments.

National Bank of Agriculture(NABARD)

Assistance and renance to farm and rural development agro processing sector

ow to this sector in the next ve years. Hence the RBI hasmandated scheduled commercial banks to achieve 20%year-on-year credit growth to the MSME sector. MSMEsneeding nancial assistance can approach the banks for aidas per the specic schemes constituted for different types ofnancial aid. These schemes offered by multiple banks areexpanded in Appendix B.3. Also, certain public sector banksprovide MSMEs with various bank-specic schemes whichhave been expanded in Appendix B.4.

Government institutes and schemes

Central institutes and schemes

The following table captures in brief the nodal governmentbodies looking after MSME development and some of thecentral government nancing schemes available.


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Credit Guarantee Fund Trustfor Micro and Small Enterprises(CGTMSE)

CGTMSE, established jointly by SIDBI and the government of India, extends credit facilities to themicro and small enterprises sector.

The mandate is:Credit facilities, including term loans, fund and non-fund based working capital facilities up to 1 croreINR extended to micro and small enterprises are guaranteed up to 80% of the amount in default,subject to a maximum of 65 lakh INR. With regard to loans up to 5 lakh INR to micro units, t hecoverage is 85%. Loans guaranteed under the scheme carry zero percent risk weight and provisionfor the lending institution for the guaranteed portion. The scheme also facilitates lending institutionsby the evaluation of the credit proposals on the basis of intrinsic merits of the projects, rather thanmerely on adequacy of collaterals.

Reserve Bank of India RuralPlanning and Credit Dept

Providing renance to nationalised banks and nancial institutions in the industry sector and framingof policy decision in the working of banks

Exim Bank Credit facilities are available for nancing all stages of the export cycle of Indian rms. The banks

lines of credit (LOC) extend to commercial banks, nancial institutions, regional development banks,and entities overseas serve as a market entry mechanism to Indian exporters and provide a safe modeof nonrecourse nancing option to Indian exporters. The bank offers buyers credit and supplierscredit for exports on deferred payment terms. These facilities help SMEs, to offer competitive creditterms to the buyers and to explore newer geographical markets.

TUF TUF facilitates those SMEs that look to improvise their technological skills. It provides 15% marginmoney subsidy for the SSI textile and jute sector in lieu of 5% interest reimbursement on investment inTUF compatible specied machinery subject to a capital ceiling of 200 lakh INR and ceiling on marginmoney subsidy 15 lakh INR. A minimum of 15% equity contribution from beneciaries is ensured.

CLCSS Under CLCSS, tiny units with investment in plant and machinery of less than 10 lakh INR are eligiblefor a loan support of upto 8 lakh INR.

Tiny units with investment in plant and machinery between 10 lakh INR to 25 lakh INR are eligible fora loan support of upto 20 lakh INR.

Small units with investment in plant and machinery of above 25 lakh INR are eligible for a loansupport of upto 40 lakh INR.

Interest subsidy scheme of IPR,which works effectively with theactive assistance of banks andnancial institutions

The interest subsidy scheme helps in dispensation for labour-intensive industry by extending thefacility of 2% interest subvention for handlooms, handicrafts, carpets and small and mediumenterprises (SMEs).

NEF Under NEF, loans are given to rms with a project cost (including margin money for working capital)not exceeding 50 lakh INR in case of new projects. No interest is charged on the loan componentexcept service charge of 5% p.a.

Scheme of Fund forRegeneration of TraditionalIndustries (SFURTI) throughCoir Board

75% for CFC, technology upgradation, product development and 100% for capacity building, marketdevelopment with component-wise ceiling. The components of funding are technology upgradation,setting-up of common facility centres (CFCs), development of new products and designs, new andimproved packaging, etc, market promotion activities, capacity-building activities, other activitiesidentied by the implementing agency (IA) as necessary for the development of the cluster


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Assistance in West Bengal


West Bengal HandicraftsDevelopment Corporation Ltd

Promotion and development of handicrafts through skill development and organisation of direct haatsin rural and urban areas, to provide artisans a market

West Bengal IndustrialDevelopment Corporation Ltd(WBIDC)

Nodal agency of the state government for the promotion and nancing of medium and large-scaleindustries. Provides support to industries by facilitation, nancing, disbursing incentives and bysetting up industrial parks

The West Bengal Small IndustriesDevelopment Corporation Ltd(WBSIDC)

Providing infrastructural support, marketing assistance, supply of raw materials and otherpromotional assistance for SSI units

West Bengal IndustrialInfrastructure DevelopmentCorporation

Providing supporting infrastructure relating to roads, drainage, water and power supply, streetlighting, CFC of 12 established growth centres in t he state

West Bengal Financial Corporation(WBFC)

Providing term loan assistance to small-scale industries in the state

Modular Food Park ModularIndustrial Infrastructure Ltd

Sponsored by the FPI department, it provides infrastructure at Dankuni and other support of foodprocessing industries.

Assistance in Jharkhand

There are no specic institutes in Jharkhand but the stategovernment itself undertakes promotion and support of theMSMEs through following activities.

Coordination support for MSMEs to micro nanceinstitutions, raw material focused market access.

Special emphasis is given on providing common facilitycentres (CFC) mainly through public-private-partnership(PPP) initiatives to MSME projects of a cluster.

Implementation of schemes such as ASIDE, CreditGuarantee Fund Trust Scheme, Cluster DevelopmentProgramme for MSMEs.

Other nancial support for MSMEs:

- Tender forms for biding will be made available freeof cost.

- Exemption from payment of Earnest Money Deposit(EMD) and Security Deposit (SD)

- Bill discounting facility will be made available ongovernment orders.

- 10% price preference i.e. where the bid of micro andsmall enterprises are within 10% of L1 (Least pricedbid), the local micro and small enterprises will be givenan offer of reasonable part of the order at L1

Assistance in Chattisgarh


BiotechnologyDevelopment Fund

The government has set up a special Biotechnology Development Fund with an initial corpus of 30crore INR.

Automotive IndustriesPolicy -2012

This will help automotive industry growth in state1. Various facilities under this Act are mentioned inAppendix B2.

Agro and Food Processingindustries Policy 2012

To promote the agri processing industry, the state is providing benets to the industry. The detailsmay be referred to in Appendix B.2

ITEs2

/IT infrastructurePolicy

This provides incentives to companies setting IT projects in Chattisgarh.

Interest subsidy of 75% of the total interest paid up to the period of seven years with a maximumlimit of 60 lakh INR pa

Fixed capital investment subsidy of 45% with maximum limit of 140 lakh INR

Electricity duty exemption for upto 12 years

VAT/CST/CGST reimbursement for a period of 5 years

Solar Policy3 Industries may enter the solar energy sector and avail of the following benets:

Electricity exemption till 2017

VAT for the equipments in the project is exempted

Cross subsidy charges are not applicable.

1 http://www.csidc.in/Automotive%20Eng.pdf

2 http://www.csidc.in/it%20english%20nal.pdf

3 http://www.csidc.in/Solar%20Policy%20English%20FINAL.pdf


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Assistance in Odisha4


District Co-ordinationCommittee (DCC)

New small-scale units in priority sectors are entitled to interest subsidy at the rate of 5% per annumfor a period of ve years from the date of commercial production on term loans availed fromrecognised nancial institutions and banks.

Small-scale industrial units (existing or new) which undertake modernisation are eligible forinterest subsidy at the rate of 5% per annum for a period of ve years from the date of completion ofmodernisation on term loans availed from recognised nancial institutions and banks.

The interest subsidy will be limited to 20 lakh INR in case of small-scale units and 10 lakh INR in caseof tiny units.

Industrial units operating in Kalahandi, Nuapada, Bolangir, Sonepur, Koraput, Malkangiri, Rayagada,Nawarangpur, Gajapati and Deogarh will get additional interest subsidy at the rate of 5% of the termloan or 5 lakh INR, whichever is less, as an incentive for backward area development.

Odisha Small IndustriesCorporation (OSIC)

The OSIC has the following objectives:

To provide quality raw materials

To provide quality building materials

To assist in marketing the products

To act as a syndicate leader as per the IPR of the government of Odisha

To act as a contract exchange for the MSME sector

Odisha State FinancialCorporation (OSFC)

The provide term loans on below loan limit5

Minimum: 5 lakh INR

Maximum: 1000 lakh INR (to corporations, companies, co-operative societies)

Maximum: 400 lakh INR (to proprietorship concerns and partnership rms and trusts)

Rate of interest shall be xed on risk-based rating of t he project which will vary from 13.5% p.a. to15.5% p.a.

Assistance in Bihar


Chief Minister ClusterDevelopment Scheme6

SME requirements are the focal point of this proposed scheme.

Bihar State FinancialCooperation

Helps in planning and arranging nance

SL Industry Subsidy Those who allotted land and shed in Industrial Area Development Authority (IADA), ExportPromotion Industrial Park, Food Park, Agri-Export Zone, etc are eligible for subsidy after commercialproduction of unit.

Small/Tiny unit, 50% with a ceiling of Rs. 15 lacs

All large/Medium/Mega units 25% with a ceiling of Rs. 30 lacs

NABARD schemes Initiatives like the urban cooperative bank, Self Help Group (SHG) were strengthened further to

ensure wider nancial inclusion and also reduce the incidence of informal credit lending and highinterest rates in Bihar. The MSME units were made entitled to credit cards similar to the kisan creditcard. The power loom sector needs to be included in the list of the beneciaries eligible for creditlinked subsidy scheme of the PMEGP as the power loom sector has already benetted from the samescheme in the neighbouring state of West Bengal. The central scheme interest subsidy of 3% to enableweavers to access loans at the rate of 7 to 8% interest for the next three years had been implemented.

4 The Odisha government has unveiled a 1,600-crore INR investment plan aimed at creation of 32,000 new units in the MSME sector in

the 12th Plan period (2012-17).5 http://www.osfcindia.com/PDF/SALIENT_FEATURE_OF_LOAN_POLICY_FY-11-12.pdf

6 The scheme is pending with the central government with 54 plans forwarded.


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Financial support from venture capitals

SME private equity and venture capital funds

Venture capital is a means of equity nancing for rapidly-growing MSMEs. Venture capitalists provide funds aftercarefully scrutinising projects. Their main aim is to earnhigher returns on their investments, but their methods aredifferent from traditional lenders. They take active partin the management of the company as well as provide theexpertise and qualities of good bankers, technologists,planners and managers. As funds required by SMEs are toolarge for micronance institutions and too small or too riskyfor commercial banks, this is one of the primal issues thatthe PE/VC component addresses as part of the investmentpromotion of the consolidated project for SME developmentin India.

Advantages of VC funding

Venture capital has a number of advantages over otherforms of nance:

It injects long-term equity nance which provides a solidcapital base for future growth.

The venture capitalist is a business partner, sharing boththe risks and rewards. Venture capitalists are rewarded bybusiness success and capital gain. The venture capitalistis able to provide practical advice and assistance to thecompany based on past experience.

The venture capitalist also has a network of contacts inmany areas that can add value to the company, such as inrecruiting key personnel, providing contacts in internationalmarkets, introductions to strategic partners, and if needed,co-investments with other venture capital rms whenadditional rounds of nancing are required.

Mode and criteria for investment

Venture capital provides nancial assistance primarilyby way of equity or equity-linked capital investment. Italso endeavours to provide mentoring support and othervalue addition to enable funded companies to achieverapid growth and achieve and maintain their competitiveedge in domestic and international markets. The VC fundseeks a strategic stake in the funded companies with boardrepresentation and other rights as venture capital investor.

Key criteria for SME project selection are as follows:

Strong and committed core team

Growth potential

Long-term competitive advantage

Viable business plan

A clear exit plan

Institutions offering VC/ PE

Some venture capital rms, institutional investors and bankswho provide venture capital to MSMEs are as follows:

SIDBI Venture Capital Limited (SVCL)

IFCI Venture Capital Funds Limited (IVCF)

Helion Venture Partners/ Erasmic Venture Fund

Accel India Venture Fund/ SeedFund

Upstream Ventures

Aavishkaar India Micro Venture Capital Fund (AIMVCF)

IL&FS Trust Company Limited

Innity Venture India Fund

Walden International Investment Group

SEAF India Investment and Growth Fund

BTS India Private Equity Fund Limited

Canbank Venture Capital Fund

SBI Capital Markets Limited ICICI Banks SME venture capital fund

IDBI Banks SME venture capital fund

This is not an exhaustive list and there are many nicheVC funds who actively participate in providing nancialassistance to SMEs.

New channels of nancial aid

Access to equity capital through SME

exchanges

There is a general lack of awareness among SMEs aboutequity capital, stock markets and funding options, other

than banks. So far, there have been only debt-nancingoptions, without any access to alternative equity options.The small and medium exchanges for SMEs listing normsunlike the regular listing on a SME platform through an IPOare a major introduction. Meant for SMEs with a paid-upcapital of less than 25 crore INR, it empowers them to tapinto the capital markets by getting listed on the exchangewithout having to make any initial public offering.

To enable SMEs to get over the liquidity crisis that theycontinue facing, regulators have mandated market makingin the SME Exchange platform, to ensure that liquidityis generated. The handholding of the company by themerchant banker in the form of market making will createthe liquidity on the SME Platform.

Moreover, the sector is highly unorganised and fragmented,and the new SME exchange will facilitate the creation of anancial ecosystem for SMEs in India.

The trend in this sector has been of overleveraging debtsfor lack of opportunity to raise equity capital. The revisedecosystem therefore has to justify opportunities of raisingequity capital, balancing the debt equity ratios of companiesand facilitate these enterprises to sustain a healthy balancesheet. The need for Indian SMEs to acquire capital at lowcost to compete at a global level is one of the key factorsbehind the creation of this revised framework.

The newly introduced SME exchange will acknowledgethe expansion aspirations of these SMEs and help themnd solutions to their nancial requirement. Companies

will be high on the valuation matrix, once they get listed


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on the exchange. The tax benets are immense as well.By remaining unlisted, any company attracts a 15% long-term capital gains tax on the sale of shares, while a listedcompany attracts none.

The listing will also hopefully bring about a sea change intransparency and corporate governance in the listed rmsand ensure better visibility among investors.

Compliance norms have also been simplied to theadvantage of the SMEs. They need to submit half-yearlynancial results instead of quarterly ones. SMEs can sendthe abridged version of the annual report with the detailsof the prot-and-loss account and balance sheet to the

shareholders, instead of a full annual report. They canmake the soft copy of the annual report available on theirwebsite. They can send the soft copy to the Exchange,regulators and the ROC also. This will bring down therecurrent cost of compliance substantially for listedcompanies on the SME Exchange7.

The enlistment also comes with a market making supportfor three years in the secondary market which will ideallyhelp create the desired liquidity for SMEs. Considering thefact that there are 15 million to 20 million investors in thecapital market who can invest in these companies throughany of the branches and franchisees of more than 1600BSE members, the inuence on the investor base for theseSMEs will be manifold, thus improving their valuation andpromoting wealth creation.

The SMEs listed on the SME exchange can migrate to theBSE main board without bringing a fresh IPO, if the paid-upcapital of the listed SME is above 10 crore INR and the non-promoter shareholders approve the migration by a two-thirdmajority. This is a bonus for the listed SMEs8.

Extension of state Industrial Promotion

Assistance Scheme

The Industrial Promotion Assistance scheme providesnancial assistance to micro and small enterprises in thestate. This scheme was supposed to come to an end on 31March 2013. However, owing to the governments clearfocus on the employment-intensive micro and small scaleenterprises the Finance Minister of West Bengal stated anextension of this scheme till 31 March 20149.

Scheme for nancial aid in R&D

The mini tools room and training centre scheme is focusedto develop more tool room facilities and R&D intended toprovide technological support to MSMEs. This is conceivedas one of the prime aids in driving investment in R&D andtechnology by the SMEs.

The Finance Ministers recognition of technology as adriver of growth was exemplied with a sum of 2200 croreINR pledged for 15 additional tool rooms and technologydevelopment centres to be set up by the Ministry of Micro,Small and Medium Enterprises.

The importance of technology and IT services in the growthstory of SMEs in India has been growing over the past few

years. The trend being the fact that while Indian enterprisesare investing cautiously in traditional technology in 2013,they are likely to increase investments in R&D in the areas ofemerging technologies such as mobility, data analytics andcloud computing to improve their core business.

Securitisation of SME credit

SME credit could be converted into loan pools or securitisedassets and sold to investors interested in investing in suchasset classes. The RBI had issued new guidelines for thesecuritisation of standard assets in order to enable creationof a true securitisation market in India. These guidelineshave numerous safeguards embedded in them to enhancethe quality of the pass-through certicates (PTCs) issued in

any securitisation transaction.A precedence can be seen in a recent transaction by aChennai-based NBFC, IFMR capital, who closed the rst of akind PTC in India, with its partner Vistaar Financial servicesPvt Ltd, a Bangalore-based NBFC, worth 77.2 million INR.IFMR intends to conduct further transactions of a similarkind and is building a pipeline of SME lenders. They arealso planning to replicate a multi-originator (MOSEC)structure for small business lenders, the intent being that ofbuilding up several instances of such institutions using theirknowledge and expertise to create such an asset class in asystemic manner against a strong underwriting frameworkand subsequently marketing it to larger investor franchisees.These transactions in turn will open the capital markets tosmall business lenders at a cost reasonable to them and this

will boost funding to SMEs.

7 SME World article dated April 2012: http://www.smeworld.org/story/sme-exchange/sme-exchange-launched.php

8 http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-10-25/news/34729842_1_sme-platform-bse-sme-exchange-debt-and-equity-ratios9 Government of West Bengal: Annual Financial Statement for the Financial Year 2013-14 http://www.wbn.nic.in/writereaddata/

Speech%20English.pdf


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Improving credit health for MSMEs

Credit related issuesMSMEs depend predominantly on internal sources ofnance (personal savings, loan from relatives, and loan fromlocal money lenders) than that of institutional nancingby banks and other nancing institutions. An indication isthat even in recent times, MSME credit as a percentage ofnet bank credit of commercial banks has been below 15%.Banks perceive MSMEs as risky eld of investment due tothe following:

Low growth rate of small rms

Firms following informal business practices

Inability of MSME owners to maintain collateral securities

Lack of credit worthiness and goodwill Relatively high processing costs (in background checks,

etc)

Lack of transparency due to poor reporting of rm data

Some of the reasons cited above are uncontrollable from theperspective of MSMEs. MSMEs generally operate on tightbudgets, and are often unable to procure adequate nancialresources for the purchase of machinery, equipment, rawmaterials, or even day-to-day operational expenses. Thisis because on account of their low goodwill and limitedxed investment base, they nd it difcult to borrow atreasonable rates from institutions. Hence, for an MSME,any unforeseen event (large order, rejection of consignmentor inordinate delay in customer payment) may result in the

unit having close operations due to lack of funds. Also, thedearth of capital also implies there is little scope for growthand expansion.

Role of credit rating in nancingOne of the most important procedures taken by nancialinstitutes that offer credit to MSMEs is to scrutinise theircredit rating status in order to get a clear picture of thecreditworthiness of the enterprises. Credit rating is done bythe credit rating agency (CRA) which assigns credit ratingsfor issuers of certain types of debt obligations as well as thedebt instruments themselves to form a basis to prove theauthenticity of the new rms who seek nancial help fromdifferent organisations for their business. Hence, creditratings are used by investors, issuers, investment banks,broker-dealers, and governments.

Credit rating is done on the basis of credit scores that

are numerical values assigned to the MSMEs based ona statistical analysis to notify their credit worthiness.These scores are often evaluated on the basis of the creditreputation of a company, commonly known as a creditreport, available from the Credit Bureau of India.

The government of India also operates a specialised ratingagency known as the SME Rating Agency of India Limited(SMERA), which is a third-party rating agency exclusivelyset up for micro, small and medium enterprises in India forratings on creditworthiness. It provides ratings which enableonly MSME units to raise bank loans at competitive rates ofinterest. SMERAs MSME rating scale consists of two parts, acomposite appraisal/condition indicator and a size indicator.SMERA rating categorises MSMEs based on size, so as toenable fair evaluation of each MSME amongst its peers.

SMERAs MSME rating scale is specied below:

Condition indicator

MSME 1 Highest

MSME 2 High

MSME 3 Above average

MSME 4 Average

MSME 5 Below average

MSME 6 Inadequate

MSME 7 Low

MSME 8 Lowest

Size indicator (based on net worth)

A 20Cr INR and above

B Between 5 Cr INR and 20 Cr INR

C Between 1Cr INR and 5Cr INR

D Less than 1Cr INR


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Some of the important credit rating agencies working inIndia are CRISIL, CARE, ICRA, FITCH RATING, NDIA andONICRA.

A scheme for performance and credit rating mechanismfor SSIs has been formulated by the government of Indiain consultation with the Indian Banks Association (IBA)and various rating agencies. The National Small IndustriesCorporation (NSIC) has been appointed the nodal agencyfor implementation of this scheme. Under the scheme, theNSIC provides subsidy in the rating fees to the small scaleindustrial units (SSIs) obtaining credit ratings from theagencies which are empanelled by them.

Guide to better credit worthinessThere are several guidelines laid down by the UnitedNations, the RBI and many others to safeguard the workingof MSMEs. The most common teething problem faced byMSMEs is getting access to credit. One of the best waysto ensure credit worthiness, as recommended by manyorganizations, is to go for credit rating by a third party.Some others include the following:

Credit rating not only ensures the credibility of the SME,but also helps them to get interest relaxation against creditfrom banks even in future credit applications.

Credit rating assists the MSMEs in building their businesscredibility and hence, reduces the perceived risk of default

from the banks perspective.

Credit worthiness may be further improved by increasingthe level of transparency and process rigour in recordkeeping and nancial reporting. Most micro enterprisesare weak in this aspect and this may be greatly improvedthrough rating. Rating involves analysis for which thestarting point is the nancial statement of the rm. The lastline should be: Hence, this process also increases the levelof discipline and record keeping standards in MSMEs.

Financing institutes also apply qualitative parametersextensively in gauging the credit worthiness of an MSMEapplicant since the nancial statements furnishedmay not reect the correct business strength. Such

parameters would include typically organisationstructure, background check of promoters (and family),management strength, resilience of the rm, quality ofproduct, supplier and client network, trade relationships,previous credit defaults (by any director or kin), etc.Hence, maintaining transparency is of utmost importancein building credit worthiness. The other aspect is of havingwell-dened processes and adhering to them that wouldensure quality of product, consistency of delivery, etc.

Credit rating also helps an MSME by getting morenancial support as banks may increase their credit limitsdue to higher comfort factor in transacting with a wellrated MSME.

The rating also allows the MSMEs to expand their marketbase, get new contracts from export markets.


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Expanding the nancing horizon

Any start-up generally seeks nancial support. Usually inthe MSME sector, start-up capital is funded by personalsavings, borrowings from the unregulated market or familymembers. Sometimes, such funding may be sufcient, butmost of the time, the requirement for nancial support isnot met.

Organisations can seek nancial assistance depending onthe project and the nancial support provided by variousnancial institutes.

Approach to a sound project reportAny company seeking nancial assistance for the

implementation of its business idea is required to prepare aproject report covering the following aspects of the project:

Promoters background and experience

Product with capacity to be built up and processesinvolved

Project location

Cost of the project and means of nancing

Availability of utilities

Technical arrangements

Market prospects and selling arrangements

Environmental aspects

Protability projections and cash ows for the entirerepayment period of nancial assistance

Since the appraisal of the project involves evaluation in thefollowing key areas, submitting certain key information inthese areas is necessary to ensure a watertight and viableproject report10.

Management evaluation

The management quality of the MSME is the rst andforemost checkpoint for the nancing institution. Thebackground and previous track record of the managementand the promoters in terms of heading businesses as wellas their credit history forms an important value add for therm. The organisation structure is signicant as well as it

is checked for balance of control and responsibility. Theincorporation documents for the company have to be in linewith the companys intended business vision and areas.

Memorandum and articles of association: Object,authorised and paid-up share capital, promoterscontribution, borrowing powers, list of directors on theboard, terms of appointment of directors

SMEs company as the promoter: Corporate plan ofthe company, projects promoted, implemented, underimplementation, bankers report on dealings and repaymentof past loan assistance, details of group companies,operations, balance sheet and prot and loss account of thepromoter company

New promoters: Educational background, any industrialexperience, family background, sources of income, detailsof personal properties, bankers reference, income tax andwealth tax returns

Management and organisation set-up: Broadcomposition of the board, details of fulltime directorsand their responsibilities, details of chief executive andfunctional executives including qualication, experience,organisation set-up for existing company and during projectimplementation for new company.

Technical feasibility

The technical feasibility is tested by the nancer by astandard assessment procedure of mapping the local unmetdemand for the specic service/ product being sold by theapplying SME with factors like local competition, availabilityof raw materials and required manpower, logistics andinfrastructure etc. The other important cog that is testedhere for soundness is the background of the contractorssetting up the plant/ facility and their project track record.The last and of increasing importance, is the environmentalimpact of the proposed project and clearances neededthereof.

Technology and manufacturing process: Proven and newtechnology, basis of selection of technology, competingtechnologies, performance data of plants based on the

technology, details of licensor of technology, process owchart and description

Location of the project: Locational advantage, availabilityof raw material and other utilities, infrastructure facilities,availability of labour, environmental aspects

Plant and machinery: List of machinery and equipment,details of suppliers, competitive quotations, technical &commercial evaluation of major equipment

Raw material, utilities and manpower : Details of rawmaterials and suppliers, electricity and water supply, basis ofmanpower estimates, details of manpower, e.g. managerial,supervisory, skilled or unskilled, training needs

Contracts:Agreement with contractors detailing on know-how, engineering, procurement, construction, nancialsoundness and experience of contractors

Project monitoring and implementation: Mode ofimplementation, details of monitoring team, detailedschedule of implementation

Environmental aspects:Air, water and soil pollution, listof pollutants or hazardous substances, their safety, handlingand disposal arrangements, compliance with nationaland international standards, clearances and no objectioncerticates required and obtained, etc.

10 SIDBI guidelines for preparing a Detailed Project report : http://smallb.in/%20/plan-new-entrepreneurship%20/guidelines-preparing-detailed-project-report


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Commercial viability

Existing and potential market demand and supply for theproposed product in respect of volume and pattern

Share of the proposed product of the company in the totalmarket through marketing strategy

Selling price of the product and export potential, if any

Buy-back arrangements, if any.

Financial appraisal

The nancial appraisal is the most crucial aspect from thepoint of view of the nancer. Here the overall costs, revenueprojections are checked for realistic estimates, and also

tested with sensitivity analysis by changing some crucialproject parameters like CAGR, service cost ination, rawmaterial costs etc. The project is also measured in termsof payback period, break even period and internal rateof returns, to give an idea about the revenue and protgenerating capacity of the project.

Cost of the project: This includes the cost of land and sitedevelopment, building, plant and machinery, technicalknow-how and engineering fees, miscellaneous xed assets,preliminary and preoperative expenses, contingencies andmargin money for working capital. SMEs are expectedto submit realistic estimates. The cost of the project willbe examined with reference to various factors such asimplementation period, ination, various agreements,quotations, etc.

Means of nancing: This shall have to conform to propermix of share capital and debt. This includes share capital,unsecured loans from promoters or associates, internalaccruals, term loans, government subsidy or grant. Thereasonableness of promoters contribution in the formof equity and interest-free unsecured loans, if any, isascertained in view of commitment to the project.

Protability projections: Past records of nancialperformance of SME will be examined. SMEs need to submitprotability estimates, cash ow and projected balance sheetfor the project and for the company as a whole. Based onthe projections, various nancial ratios such as debt -equityratio, current ratio, xed asset coverage ratio, gross prot,operating prot, net prot ratios, internal rate of return(overthe economic life of the project), debt service coverage ratio,earning per share, dividend payable, etc. will be worked outto ascertain nancial soundness of the project.

Economic viability

This aspect is checked for projects where there is either exportorientation or probability of international players entering thedomestic market in same area of service/ product as the SME.Hence this is particularly relevant for IT related businesses aswell as any FMCG or light engineering venture.

SMEs will have to take real value of input as against thevalue accounted in nancial analysis for the economicevaluation of the project.

SMEs should carry out social cost benet analysis as ameasure of the costs and benets of the project to the societyand the economy.

Economic analysis is aimed at the inherent strength of theproject to withstand international competition on its own.

Apart from the mandatory documents MSME borrowers canmake convincing business cases for funding by keeping thefollowing things in mind while approaching any lender.

MSME borrowers can meet their borrowing requirementsand avail the best possible terms if they approach banks ornancial institutions in an appropriate manner. They mustclearly understand the various criteria that banks employto screen, rate and process their loan applications and theimportance of furnishing precise and correct information. Ascommercial credit bureaus (particularly CIBIL) expand theirdatabase, it will become progressively easier for nancialinstitutions to track past repayment or default behaviour ofloan applicants.

Business plans

They should ideally have an updated business plan for theircompany, showing intended capital investments and forecastrevenue and expenditure for the next three to ve years.This is an excellent document to produce during discussionswith a banker or nancial adviser.

Having a feasibility study of the project the fund is intendedfor might prove to be useful as well. Feasibility studies areusually carried out in connection with medium- or long-term projects and are consequently prepared, among otherreasons, as an aid to raising medium- to long-term projectloan nance. They may wish to start a new project orexpand an existing activity, and need capital to nance theadditional capital goods required (e.g., machinery, tools,spares and raw materials). MSMEs will need a feasibilitystudy to present to their banker. They will also need togive copies of draft or actual loan agreements with otherlending institutions. These are important because the loanagreements may stipulate that they cannot borrow fromanother lender unless the loan is subordinated to them. Thismay mean that they cannot pledge xed or current assetsif the rst lenders have xed and oating charges on suchassets. They may be limited to providing their bank with asecond charge or some other, less secure, form of guarantee.In many respects, the feasibility study is not dissimilar in itspresentation to the business plan. The main difference lies inits purpose.


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Use of alternative nancing optionsIn spite of the various policies created to augment nancialsupport to SMEs and the growth in the credit limits of banks,SMEs still face challenges when it comes to accessing timelyand sufcient credit at a reasonable cost. The credit ow tothem is not aligned to the needs of the economic activitiesundertaken by them. According to a RBI report,11 statisticsreveal that small businesses rely on multiple sources ofnancing ranging from internal sources namely personalfunds and funds from friends, to external sources ,bothformal and informal, which include nancing from banks,NBFCs, venture capital funds, trade credit factoring, etc.The raw sample includes more than 14,000 non-nancialrms. In particular, trade credits (bank loans) are less

(more) important for Indian rms based on the World Banksurveys. These ndings are one of the many indicators ofthe increasing importance of alternative source of nancingfor SMEs in India.

Factoring

Factoring is a form of receivables nance whereby a businesssells or assigns its accounts receivables (i.e. invoices) toa nance company (a factor) at a discount in exchangefor immediate money with which to nance continuedbusiness.12The delayed payment cycle by the largescale customers of SMEs have an adverse effect on theiroperational facets and fund recycling efforts.

A CRISIL study on 5000 small and medium enterprises(SMEs) reveals that SMEs can enhance prots by at least 15per cent if they receive payments on time from their largecorporate customers. CRISIL estimates that timely paymentsfrom large customers will help SMEs reduce interest costs,improve protability and have a positive impact on the long-term health and sustainability of Indias SME sector. SMEswith large corporate customers have receivables of 90 to120 days of sales on their balance sheets, as against 45 daysstipulated by the Micro, Small, and Medium EnterprisesDevelopment (MSMED) Act.

Factoring is capable of providing SMEs with the liquidityneeded against their receivables and can be efcientalternate source of working capital. Factors buy the rightto collect on invoices raised against any sales by the SME

and releases 80-90% of the invoice value to the rm. It is onaccount of its superior conversion time of receivables intocash, absence of geographical restraints, non requirementcollateral security etc makes it a much preferred andsuperior product than bank nance.

The Indian factoring market is still at a nascent stage. As perthe Factors Chain International (FCI), a global network offactoring companies worldwide, the turnover of India is only2750 million euros, which is less than half of the turnover ofSingapore and not even 2% of Chinas turnover. There arenearly 10 factoring companies in India with Canbank factorsand SBI Global Factors being two of the oldest.

Supply chain nance

Supply chain nance can prove to be another route tofacilitate SMEs access to enhanced working capital frombank and non bank sources. This mode of nancing enablesSME suppliers to large OEMS to receive short-term creditagainst the volume supplied during the payment receivableperiod. HSBC for instance has a distributor nanceprogramme (DFP) which assists in creating the supportframework for nancing and collection for any SME clientsdelivery chain. Regular MIS helps the SME update theirsales ledgers and avoid reconciliation issues.

Angel funds or venture capital funds

SMEs involved in commercialising innovations and high-endtechnologies need to be able to access venture or risk capitalfund effectively. These rms need nance during the initialstages of conceptualising their product offerings ( seedphase) and during development and marketing phase. Theseconcept and ideas generally need an incubation periodbefore they can be utilised for generating revenue or prot.This is where venture capital comes in to provide them withfunds required to enter new markets and attain acceleratedgrowth. The GOI in terms of the recommendations of thePMs task force has been working towards clearing the SMEroute towards accessing this kind of much needed fund.In the Union Budget 2012-13 the Finance Minister hadannounced to set up a 50 billion INR India OpportunitiesVenture Fund with SIDBI to enhance the availability of

equity to the MSME sector.With the government of India putting the development ofthe MSME sector as top priority, and the state governmentsof the eastern region aligning themselves to this objectivethrough implementation of various schemes, the future forMSMEs in the east is brightening up. The MSME companiesneed to be aware of the schemes and nancial aids beingoffered through various banking and non-banking channelsto fund their innovation. With increasing participation ofSMEs in the innovative exchange platform, along with theiractive opt-in for third party credit ratings, access to capital,both equity and debt, should no longer be a bottleneck forgrowth and expansion. These nancial aids and processeswill not only give the MSMEs a much needed reprieve fromtheir liquidity crunch, but also help them in instilling the

rigour of process, transparency and quality.

11Strengthening SMEs Capabilities for Global Competitiveness(Address by Dr. K. C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, ReserveBank of India at the interactive session on 8 October 2012 at Mumbai) http://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/BS_SpeechesView.aspx?id=739

12 SME World article dated Sep 2011 http://www.smeworld.org/story/money/factoring-alternative-source-of-wc.php


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Appendix A. - MSME support links

A.1. State level bankers committees

These SLBCs may be contacted for nancing optionsavailable for MSMEs

SLBC West Bengal http://www.slbcbengal.com/contact.asp

SLBC Jharkhand http://slbcallahabadbank.com/index.html

SLBC Odisha http://Odisha.gov.in/nance/slbc/co.htm

SLBC Bihar http://slbc.bih.nic.in/Contact.htm

SLBC Chattisgarh http://slbcchhattisgarh.com/index.asp

A.2. Banks and institutes for credit linked

capital subsidy scheme

S.No Name of Bank Related Link

1. Canara Bank http://www.canarabank.com/english/scripts/prioritycredit.aspx

2. NABARD http://www.nabard.org/nonfarm_sector/clcss.asp

3. SIDBI http://www.sidbi.com/governmentclcss.asp

4. Bank ofBaroda

http://www.bankofbaroda.com/bbs/clcss.asp

5. PunjabNational Bank

http://www.pnbindia.in/En/ui/Home.aspx

7. Andhra Bank http://andhrabank.in/english/clcss.aspx

Appendix B. - Highlights of existingschemes and policies

B.1. Important schemes in West Bengal

B.1.1.1. Schemes from WBIDC

WBIDCs key function is to provide nancial assistance toinvestors for setting up new medium as well as expansion,diversication and modernisation of existing units. Theloans are available in the following forms:

1. Normal term loan

2. Term loan under equipment nance scheme (EFS)

In this scheme the loan can be up to 77.5% of the cost ofcapital goods or equipment (other than second hand forindigenous capital goods or equipments) to be acquired.

Extent of loan No limit, however subject to

Prudential norms

Type of rate Floating rate

Applicable rate Term loan interest rate i.e. 13.75%per annum

Moratorium Up to nine months

Repayment period Up to 5 years

Interest payments Payable quarterly

Extent of loan No limit, however subject toprudential norms

Type of rate Floating rate

PLR 12.75%

Applicable rate PLR + upto 1% per annum

Moratorium Up to 18 months

Repayment period Up to 7 years

Interest payments Payable quarterly

Note: Applicable rate of interest for term loan varies from

PLR (12.75%) + up to 1% per annum depending on credit

rating of the company.

Note: In case of imported second hand capital goods or

equipments certicate from chartered engineer regarding the

condition of the capital goods or equipments and their expected

residual life has to be provided.


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3. Short term loan

Extent of loan No limit, however, subject to prudential norms

Type of rate Fixed rate

Applicable rate Term loan interest rate + up to 50 bps =14.25% per annum

Moratorium Up to nine mont hs

Note: Total installments and interest should be met in PDCs

within nine months from disbursement.

B.1.1.2. Schemes from the NABARD

From the current year, the NABARD offers direct loan toSMEs and farm sectors. It will also step up its scal supportfor the farming and agro sector as well as the rural Indiabased MSMEs. Loan from banks with renance facility fromNABARD is available for starting many of the agriculturalactivities including dairy farming. The margin moneydepends on the category of the borrowers and range from5 to 25%. Banks are free to decide the rates of interestwithin the overall guidelines. However, for working out thenancial viability and bankability of the model projects ithas been assumed the rate of interest would be 12 % p.a forultimate borrowers.

Scheme Nature of Assistance Amount

ProductionCredit This is a short-term renance facility, aimed at supportingagricultural production operations and marketing of crops byfarmers and farmers cooperatives marketing and distribution ofinputs like fertilisers, seeds and pesticides.

Production and marketing activities of village cottage industries,handicrafts, handlooms, power looms, artisans, small scale andtiny industries and other rural non-farm enterprises.

Eligible institutions for this facility are state cooperativebanks (SCBs) and regional rural banks (RRBs). Theperiod of credit is 12 months.

Short TermCredit

This is a short term nancing facility for agricultural operations,pisciculture activities and distribution of agricultural inputs.

Renance is provided for production purposes atconcessional rate of interest to state cooperative banks(SCBs) and regional rural banks (RRBs) by way ofsanction of credit limits. Each withdrawal against t hesanctioned credit limit is repayable within 12 months.

DirectCredit

Supporting cooperatives in order to strengthen the owned fundsposition of cooperative credit institutions and thereby increasingtheir capacity to leverage larger resources, NABARD providesloans to state governments to contribute to the share capital of

these institutions.

Direct credit is provided by regional rural banks andgovernment banks.

Extent of loan No limit, however, subject to prudential norms

Type of rate Fixed rate

Applicable rate Term loan interest rate i.e 13.75% per annum

Repayment 15 months

Interestpayments

Payable quarterly

4. Bridge loan

WBIDC offers bridge loans up to 60% of the admitted claimof state government incentives as per the following terms:

B.2. Facilities under specic policies in

Chhattisgarh

B.2.1.1. Facilities under the Automotive IndustriesPolicy -2012

Details of facilities Schemes and rebates, grants and incentives

VATreimbursement

Limited to maximum 115% of the capitalinvestment for original and ancillary unit,for a maximum period expiring before18 years whichever is earlier. This rebateshall be equivalent to the VAT paid for thesale of nished products manufactured by

automotive industrial units. The rebate shallbe available as capital investment incentive.The unit shall have an option to receive theincentive under this policy or to avail capitalinvestment grant under industrial policy, asapplicable at the time.

CST rebate For the period of 18 years 50% on the rateprevailing at that time.

Entry taxexemption

100% rebate from purchase of rst

Raw material for the project for period of 8years.

Electricity dutyrebate

For the period of 10 years from t he date ofcommencing commercial production.

Stamp duty

exemption

100% on sale/lease related documents of

land, buildings, sheds and at.Exemption fromregistration fee

100% exemption on land, buildings, shedsand at.


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Details offacilities

Schemes and rebates, grants and incentives

ReimbursementConcession inVAT and centralsales tax

Maximum limit is 150 % of the xed capitalinvestment, up to maximum period of 10years. This exemption shall be equal to theamount of VAT and Central Sales Tax Actpaid in connection with the sale of goodsproduced by the food processing units. Thisexemption will be in the form of capitalincentive assistance. The unit will have option

that they should get this incentive assistanceunder this policy or avail benet of xedcapital investment subsidy applicable underthe Industrial Policy of the state government,in force at that time. Calculation of assistanceamount will be done on the basis of VATpayable on sale and central sales tax payableon the interstate sale.

Entry tax rebate Hundred per cent exemptions for the periodof 7- years from the date of commencement ofcommercial production.

Electrical dutyexemption

Hundred per cent exemption for the period of10 years from the date of commencement ofcommercial production

Mandi tax

exemption

Total exemption of Mandi tax leviable on the

agro few products shall be granted to the agroand food products processing units from thedate of rst purchase of raw materials fromthe Mandies of the state for t he period of veyears, maximum limit of the exemption will beequal to 75% of the xed capital investment ofthe processing unit

B.2.1.2. Facilities under the Agro and Food

Processing Industries Policy 2012

B.3. General nancing schemes

These are few nancing schemes drafted for the MSMEs,which the industry could approach for( depending ontheir requirement). Almost all the public sector banks doprovide the following schemes. The MSMEs are advised tovisit the Banks with their requirement to get more detailedinformation.

Name Scheme particulars and workings

SME Credit Card(up to 10 lakh INR)

Loans are for the micro enterprisesincluding SSI units, small businessenterprises, professional and self employedpersons, small retail traders, transportoperators etc for meeting any kind of creditrequirement including purchase of shops,maximum limit being 10 lakh INR includingterm loan and working capital loan. Theloan will be sanctioned for three years withan annual review.

SME Smart Score(up to 50 lakhINR)

The loan product is for manufacturing tradeand services segments to meet workingcapital needs and for acquisition of xedassets. A simplied appraisal model hasbeen developed to standardise the appraisalprocess for loans up to 50 lakhs INR in SSIsector and up to 25 lakh INR for trade andservices sector available with attractiveinterest rates. The loan will be sanctionedfor two years with an annual review.

SBI SMILE(interest free loanas equity)

The scheme provides interest free loanas equity assistance towards part ofmargin requirements of the project, toassist eligible professional and technicallyqualied entrepreneurs setting up newmicro and small enterprises and unitscovered under the banks project uptake fortechnology upgradation. Equity assistanceis up to a maximum of 10 lakh INR. Theinterest free loan is repayable in three yearswith a moratorium period of 5-7 years.

General PurposeTerm Loan for SSIsector (up to 50lakh INR)

This product is for existing borrowers forany general commercial purpose suchas shoring up of net working capital,substitution of high cost debt, R&D, ISOcertication, etc. subject to disbursementbeing made in line with the specic purpose

approved. The maximum loan available is50 lakh INR repayable in maximum periodof ve years.

Open Term Loan(up to2.5 croreINR)

A pre-sanctioned term loan with limitup to 2.5 crore INR for existing or newcorporate or non-corporate customers inmanufacturing sector and up to 1 croreINR for hotels, hospitals, educationalinstitutions in service sector.

The sanctioned limit is valid for a year.Margin requirement is 10%. The borrowercan utilise pre-approved sanction to plancapital expenditure and negotiate withsuppliers of machinery and nalize bestpossible contract.


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Corporate Loan(from 25 lakh INRup to 10 crore INR)

The scheme provides term loan for allexisting customers and established noncustomers (subject to takeover norms of thebank) in manufacturing sector. Quantumof nance is minimum 25 lakh INR andmaximum 10 crore INR for non-corporateand no cap for corporate borrowers. Nomargins are required under the scheme. Amaximum of three corporate loans can beoutstanding per borrower at any point oftime.

SME Credit Plus For existing and new borrowers this schemeprovides a clean cash credit facility to meetcontingencies. Under the scheme 20% of

aggregate WC or max 25 lakh INR fundbased limit can be availed. Margins are notrequired and interest rate will be same asapplicable to cash credit limit. The facility isrepayable in two months and can be availedfor 12 times a year.

Standby Line ofCredit

For existing units including export units, anadditional working capital(fund based andnon-fund based) limit by way of cash credit,packing credit and bills discounting againststock, receivables to meet contingenciessuch as bunching of orders, delay inshipment, sudden increase in raw materialprices, mismatch in cash ows. Under this15% of aggregate working capital or max5 crore INR can be availed. Margins as

applicable to original limit.Rice Mill Plus Term loan for acquisition of machinery,

factory building for modernisation,expansion and working capital needs of ricemills engaged in milling, sorting, gradingand polishing. No upper ceiling on loanamount.

SME CollateralFree Loan(SMECFL)

Collateral free loan for viable projectsof micro and small enterprises inmanufacturing and service sector withmaximum guarantee cover up to1 crore INRunder the CGTMSE guarantee scheme forworking capital and term loan (FB+NFB)facilities.

Traders Easy Loan Easy loan for specic business needs oftraders, self-employed, small business

enterprises, agents engaged in purchaseand sale of food grains etc. Loan can beavailed for normal day to day businessrequirements or for purchase of equipment/xed assets. Loan is available up to 5 croreINR with very competitive rate of interest.

Dal Mill Plus Term loan for dal mill owners foracquisition of machinery, factory building,modernization and all working capitalneeds.

Artisan CreditCard

Maximum loan under the scheme is 2 lakhINR. The scheme provides loans to Artisansto meet their credit requirements both forinvestments as well as working capital in aexible manner at liberal rates of interest.


SME ConstructionEquipment Loan

Maximum loan available is up to 25 croreINR with minimum margin applicable upto 15%. Tenure of loan can be extendedup to maximum of four years. Term loanfor purchase of construction equipmentsviz. loaders, excavators, cranes etc.,for contractors and rms engaged inconstruction activity.

SME Car Loan Loans for purchase of passenger cars,jeeps, multi ut ility vehicles, etc., to thepromoter/partner/senior executives of theSME units having borrowing arrangementswith the bank.

B.4. Snapshot of bank-specic schemes

Some of the bank specic schemes are outlined below.The MSMEs can contact the nearest regional branch ofthe following banks to get more details of the schemesmentioned below.

Banks Schemes

State Bank OfIndia

Commodity backed warehouse receiptnancing, SSI loans, Traders easy loanscheme, Open term loan, Business currentaccounts, Retail Trade, SBI Shoppe, SMEPetro Credit, Small business credit card,Paryatan Plus, Swarojgar credit card, etc.

Bank of Baroda Baroda SME Gold Card, Baroda VidyasthaliLoan, KVIC-ISEC, Scheme for FinancingEnergy Efciency Projects, Baroda OverdraftAgainst Land and Building, Baroda SME LoanPack, Baroda Arogyadham Loan etc.

Export Importbanks of India

Agri Finance, Several Debt Restructuringschemes for Small and Medium Enterprises(SMEs) etc.

United Bank ofIndia

United Doctor Plus, United Medical Plus,United Mahila Udhyami Yojana, United ShilpiCard, United Udyogshree Yojana etc.

Indian Bank IND SME secure, IB Doctor Plus, IB BPOnance, IB Vidya mandir, IB ayushmanScheme, IB my own shop etc.

Central Bank of

India

Cent trade, Cent Doctor scheme etc.

I.D.B.I. Entrepreneurial development fund, Dealernance program, SME hosiery A/C etc.

CorporationBank

One-Time Settlement Scheme for NPA underSME, Corp Kisan Vehicle Loan Yojna, CorpKisan Farm Mechanisation Scheme, CorpKisan Tie-Up Loan Scheme, Corp Gram MitraYojana etc.

Vijaya Bank Liquidity Finance To MSEs, TechnologyUpgradation Fund Scheme For MSE, VijayaKisan Card, Credit Guarantee Fund SchemeTo MSE, etc.


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Banks Schemes

Union Bank ofIndia

Union high pride, Union support, Uniontransport, Union Cyber etc.

P.N.B. PNB vikash udyami, PNB SME sahayogscheme etc.

Syndicate Bank Synd Vyapar, Synd Udyog, Synd SwarozgarCredit Card, Synd Laghu Udhyami CreditCard, Synd General Credit Card etc.

Dena Bank Dena Shakti Scheme[for womenentrepreneurs], Scheme for nancing windmills Channel nancing scheme for dealers /suppliers etc.

UCO bank SME Medium Term Loans, Scheme forFinancing Energy Efciency Projects etc.

Allahabad Bank Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSME)Advances etc.

Andhra Bank Composite loan scheme, Composite loanscheme, Term Finance, Open cash credit(OCC), AB Power Tools (Shakti) etc.

ICICI Bank Ltd. The ICICI bank edge, vendor bill discounting,SME dialogue etc.

HDFC Bank Ltd. Working capital nance, constructionequipment loan, commercial vehicle nance,Credit substitute, Export credit etc.

Yes Bank Ltd. Working capital loans, Term loans, Exportnance etc.

Axis Bank Financing to Non-Priority Sector Entities,Overdraft against Property, Financing toPriority Sector Entities, Term Loan againstProperty, Lease Rent Discounting, BusinessLoan for Property (BLFP) etc.

Kotak MahindraBank

Kotak Business Loan, Working CapitalFinance, International Import Finance,International export Finance.


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Abbreviation Explanation

ASIDE Assistance to States for Infrastructure Development ofExports

CFC Common facility Center

CGST Central Goods and Services Tax

CGTMSE Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises

CII Confederation of Indian Industries

CLCSS Credit Linked Capital Subsidy Scheme

CST Central Sales Tax

DCC District Co-ordination Committee

DFP Distributor nance Programme

EFS Equipment Finance Scheme

EMD Earnest Money Deposit

GDP Gross Domestic Product

GOI Government of India

IADA Industrial Area Development Authority

LOC lines of credit

MSMED Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises Development

MSMEs Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development

NABARD National Bank of Agriculture

NEF National Equity Fund

NFSIT National Venture Capital Fund for Software and IT

NSIC National Small Industries Corporation

OSIC Odisha Small Industries Corporation

PMEGP Prime Ministers Employment Generation Programme

PwC PricewaterhouseCoopers

SD Security Deposit

SFURTI Scheme of Fund for Regeneration of Traditional Industries

SIDA Small Industries Development Agency

SIDBI Small Industr y Development Bank of India

SLBC State Level Bankers Committees

SMERA Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency

SMEs Small and Medium Enterprises

SVCL SIDBI Venture Capital Fund Ltd

TUF Technology Upgradation Fund

VAT Value Added Tax

VC Venture Capital

WBFC West Bengal Financial Corporation

WBIDC West Bengal Industrial Development Corporation Ltd

WBSIDC West Bengal Small Industries Development Corporation Ltd

Appendix C. - Abbreviations


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22 CII - PwC

About CII

The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) works to create and sustain an environment conduciveto the growth of industry in India, partnering industry and government alike through advisory andconsultative processes.

CII is a non-government, not-for-prot, industry led and industry managed organisation, playing aproactive role in Indias development process. Founded over 117 years ago, it is Indias premier businessassociation, with a direct membership of over 7000 organisations from the private as well as public sectors,including SMEs and MNCs, and an indirect membership of over 90,000 companies from around 400national and regional sectoral associations.

CII catalyses change by working closely with government on policy issues, enhancing efciency,competitiveness and expanding business opportunities for industry through a range of specialised servicesand global linkages. It also provides a platform for sectoral consensus building and networking. Majoremphasis is laid on projecting a positive image of business, assisting industry to identify and executecorporate citizenship programmes. Partnerships with over 120 NGOs across the country carry forward ourinitiatives in integrated and inclusive development, which include health, education, livelihood, diversitymanagement, skill development and water, to name a few.

The CII Theme for 2012-13, Reviving Economic Growth: Reforms and Governance, accords top priorityto restoring the growth trajectory of the nation, while building Global Competitiveness, Inclusivityand Sustainability. Towards this, CII advocacy will focus on structural reforms, both at the Centre andin the States, and effective governance, while taking efforts and initiatives in Afrmative Action, SkillDevelopment, and International Engagement to the next level.

With 63 ofces including 10 Centres of Excellence in India, and 7 overseas ofces in Australia, China,France, Singapore, South Africa, UK, and USA, as well as institutional partnerships with 223 counterpartorganisations in 90 countries, CII serves as a reference point for Indian industry and the internationalbusiness community.

Confederation of Indian Industry

6 Netaji Subhas RoadKolkata - 700001Phone: 033-22307727/ 28/ 1434/ 033-22303354Fax: 033-22301721/ 2231 2700Email: [email protected]

Reach us via our Membership Helpline: 00-91-11-435 46244 / 00-91-99104 46244


23/24

23 16thAnnual G lobal CEO Survey - The view from India

About PwC India

PwC* helps organisations and individuals create the value theyre looking for. Were a network of rms

in 158 countries with more than 180,000 people who are committed to delivering quality in assurance,

tax and advisory services.

PwC India refers to the network of PwC rms in India, having ofces in: Ahmedabad, Bangalore,

Chennai, Delhi NCR, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai and Pune. For more information about PwC Indias

service offerings, please visit www.pwc.in.

*PwC refers to PwC India and may sometimes refer to the PwC network. Each member rm is a sepa-rate legal entity. Please see www.pwc.com/structure for further details.

You can connect with us on:

facebook.com/PwCIndia

twitter.com/PwC_IN

linkedin.com/company/pwc-india

youtube.com/pwc


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pwc.inThis publication does not constitute professional advice. The information in this publication has been obtained or derived from sources believed by PricewaterhouseCoop-ers Private Limited (PwCPL) to be reliable but PwCPL does not represent that this information is accurate or complete. Any opinions or estimates contained in this publica-tion represent the judgment of PwCPL at this time and are subject to change without notice. Readers of this publication are advised to seek their own professional advicebefore taking any course of action or decision, for which they are entirely responsible, based on the contents of this publication. PwCPL neither accepts or assumes anyresponsibility or liability to any reader of this publication in respect of the information contained within it or for any decisions readers may take or decide not to or fail to take.

2013 PricewaterhouseCoopers Private Limited. All rights reserved. In this document, PwC refers to PricewaterhouseCoopers Private Limited (a limited liability company

in India), which is a member rm of PricewaterhouseCoopers International Limited (PwCIL), each member rm of which is a separate legal entity.

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