+ All Categories
Home > Documents > MSX – compact, high power MSX MSX – Ni-Cd battery€¦ · For a fully charged battery at -...

MSX – compact, high power MSX MSX – Ni-Cd battery€¦ · For a fully charged battery at -...

Date post: 16-Oct-2020
Category:
Upload: others
View: 0 times
Download: 0 times
Share this document with a friend
6
September 2009 MSX – Ni-Cd battery Compact high power for railways
Transcript
Page 1: MSX – compact, high power MSX MSX – Ni-Cd battery€¦ · For a fully charged battery at - 20°C and voltage at 0.85 V: • 7 C 5 Ah discharge rate during 10 s • 9 C 5 Ah discharge

3

‘‘’’

MSX is compact, weight-

saving and exceptionally reliable

with low LCC – perfect for our

project.

Allow 25 mm (1 in)for water fillingsystem tube

(6.65 in) 169 mm

(12 in) 305 mm

L

SaftIndustrial Battery Group12, rue Sadi Carnot93170 Bagnolet - FranceTel.: +33 1 49 93 19 18 Fax: +33 1 49 93 19 64

www.saftbatteries.com

Doc No 21783-2-0909Edition: September 2009

Data in this document is subject to change without notice and becomes contractual only after written confirmation.Published by the Communications Department.Photo credit: Bombardier Transportation, J.Isenmann, Photodisc, Reflexstock, Saft, Stockbyte/Datacraft/imagenavi/Getty Images, VIA.Société anonyme au capital de 31 944 000 €RCS Bobigny B 383 703 873

Produced by Arthur Associates Limited.

MSXExtensive capacity range

MSX – compact, high powerExtended customer benefits

Compact design30% weight and 40% volume saving over conventional H-type S/PBE Ni-Cd,• block concept for space optimization,• reduces the total weight of a battery raft.•

High power performancedesigned for 5 C• 5Ah continuous and 10 C5Ah peak discharges,wide operating temperature range: - 30°C to + 50°C,• resistant to extreme temperatures from - 50°C to + 70°C.•

Minimal and easy maintenance2 years topping up interval,• integrated water filling system,• maintenance-free storage.•

Field-proven reliability and safety robust Sintered/PBE technology,• resistant to heavy cycling applications,• railway shocks and vibrations proven resistance.•

Low LCC(1) and LCA(2)

reliable service for 15 years,• no sudden death,• fully recyclable.•

September 2009

MSX – Ni-Cd batteryCompact high power for railways

Physical propertiesInner dimensions for assembly in tray

Dimensions

Blocktype

Ah Reserve(cm3)

Length(mm)

Weight(kg)

3cells

4cells

5cells

10cells

3cells

4cells

5cells

10cells

MSX 70 70 375 158 196 384 13 16 32

MSX 80 80 375 158 196 384 13 16 33

MSX 90 90 370 158 196 384 14 18 35

MSX 100 100 465 189 234 16 20

MSX 115 115 460 189 234 18 21

MSX 130 130 520 209 259 19 23

MSX 145 145 750 309 384 27 32

MSX 160 160 750 309 384 27 33

MSX 180 180 740 309 384 29 35

MSX 200 200 930 279 370 24 32

MSX 230 230 920 279 370 25 34

MSX 260 260 1040 310 411 28 37

Stringent quality standardsElectrical Over “H” type according to IEC 60 623

Fire and smoke NFF 16 101-16 102, DIN 5 510, UNI CEI 11 170-3, UL 94-V0

Shock and vibration IEC 61 373

Quality ISO 9 001, IRIS

Environment RoHS, fully recycled, ISO 14 001

Management Process World Class continuous improvement program

(1) Life Cycle Cost (2) Life Cycle Assessment

Integrated water filling system

Flame retardant plastic container

High conductivity connectors and terminals

Ultra thin membrane separator

High power plates

Page 2: MSX – compact, high power MSX MSX – Ni-Cd battery€¦ · For a fully charged battery at - 20°C and voltage at 0.85 V: • 7 C 5 Ah discharge rate during 10 s • 9 C 5 Ah discharge

2 C5

5 C5

7 C5

1 C5

0.2 C5

Vol

tage

(V)

Capacity (%Cn)

0.8

0.7

0.9

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110

1.0

1.4

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110

4 5

Ideal electrical characteristics from 0.2 C5Ah to 7 C5Ah

MSX discharge capacity at 0.2 C5Ah, 1 C5Ah, 2 C5Ah, 5 C5Ah and 7 C5Ah at 20°C after charging according to IEC 60 623, 1 h rest

2

‘‘’’

Key to Saft’s success are

advanced battery technology,

high service levels and

local support.

MSX versus standard M-type product with equal capacity for a typical backup load profile

‘‘

‘‘’’

’’

Saft’s batteries deliver

reliable high performance for

both backup and starting on

our trains.

Saft’s Ni-Cd batteries

assure the instant engine

starting we need, even at very

low temperatures.

‘‘’’

Whatever the season,

Saft’s batteries provide

outstanding discharge capability

for our backup needs.

‘‘’’

Excellent chargeability

at low temperatures means we

no longer oversize our batteries.

Auxiliary backup

Diesel engine starting

Advanced Ni-Cd batteriesFor railway backup and starting...

MSX...with enhanced electrical performance...

MSX...to meet customers’ requirements

Discharge current (number of C5Ah)

Vol

tage

(V)

0.6

1.0

1.3

1.4

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

0.9

0.7

1.1

1.2

0

0.8

1 sec peak10 sec peak

60 sec peak

High rate discharge for instant starting

MSX peak discharge during 1 s, 10 s and 60 s at - 20°C after IEC 60 623 charge, 16 h rest

For a fully charged battery at - 20°C and voltage at 0.85 V:

7 C• 5Ah discharge rate during 10 s

9 C• 5Ah discharge rate during 1 s

Cell voltage: 0.85 V at 50% SOC under 7 C• 5Ah discharge current (IEC 60 623 rated capacity; temperature at + 20°C)

At 0.85 V and 20°C: 85% of IEC 60 623 capacity at 5 C• 5Ah discharge, and 50% of IEC capacity at 7 C5Ah discharge

...MSX provides high power in a compact package MSX is Saft’s direct response to the ever increasing demands of the rail industry.

It delivers the high power energy essential for electrical system backup, including magnetic braking and diesel engine starting.

MSX is designed to offer a high power battery within a lightweight, space saving and low maintenance module that is ideally suited for tram-trains, tramways, high speed trains, EMUs, locomotives and DMUs.

MSX provides high power energy for electric trains and trams to:

cover demanding full load backup sequences•

feed magnetic braking, especially at low voltage•

support short duration backup at low temperatures.•

MSX improves the power capability of backup batteries

0.2

0.1

0.0

1.0

-40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

0.5

0.3

0.4

0.7

0.8

0.9

0.6

Temperature (ºC)

Cap

acity

(%C

5A

h) a

t 0

.2 C

5 d

isch

arge

rat

e

Efficient chargeability over an extended temperature window

MSX chargeability at 1.47 V (and temperature compensation)

Constant voltage full charge reference: 90% from - 10°C to + 30°C •

80% of this level of charge reached at - 25°C •

MSX delivers high power energy for DMUs and Diesel locomotives to:

save volume and weight with a compact starting battery,•

ensure both starting and backup with a single battery.•

As the world demands more from its railways...To consolidate their leadership positions and plan for a strong future, railway manufacturers and operators aim to maximise train availability, improve safety and comfort, increase passenger numbers and simultaneously rationalise overall costs.

Saft’s expertise in on-board applications is defined by long standing, high level relationships with key market leaders who demand:

reliable power solutions,•

reduced weight and volume of • on-board components,

low maintenance and improved • battery efficiency.

Saft understands that continuity of service is essential. Saft’s full range of railway batteries assures totally reliable backup as well as high power for diesel engine starting.

+ 20°C

+ 5°C

- 18°C

0.8

0.7

0.9

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

1.0

Vol

tage

(V)

Discharged capacity (% C5Ah)

90% of rated capacity available at 2 C• 5Ah discharge rate (temperature at + 20°C and cut-off voltage of 1 V)

Over 80% of this capacity level available at - 18°C •

Excellent discharge behaviour at various temperatures

MSX discharge capacity at 2 C5Ah at + 20°C, + 5°C, and - 18°C after charging according to IEC 60 623, 24 h rest

Page 3: MSX – compact, high power MSX MSX – Ni-Cd battery€¦ · For a fully charged battery at - 20°C and voltage at 0.85 V: • 7 C 5 Ah discharge rate during 10 s • 9 C 5 Ah discharge

3

‘‘’’

MSX is compact, weight-

saving and exceptionally reliable

with low LCC – perfect for our

project.

Allow 25 mm (1 in)for water fillingsystem tube

(6.65 in) 169 mm

(12 in) 305 mm

L

SaftIndustrial Battery Group12, rue Sadi Carnot93170 Bagnolet - FranceTel.: +33 1 49 93 19 18 Fax: +33 1 49 93 19 64

www.saftbatteries.com

Doc No 21783-2-0909Edition: September 2009

Data in this document is subject to change without notice and becomes contractual only after written confirmation.Published by the Communications Department.Photo credit: Bombardier Transportation, J.Isenmann, Photodisc, Reflexstock, Saft, Stockbyte/Datacraft/imagenavi/Getty Images, VIA.Société anonyme au capital de 31 944 000 €RCS Bobigny B 383 703 873

Produced by Arthur Associates Limited.

MSXExtensive capacity range

MSX – compact, high powerExtended customer benefits

Compact design30% weight and 40% volume saving over conventional H-type S/PBE Ni-Cd,• block concept for space optimization,• reduces the total weight of a battery raft.•

High power performancedesigned for 5 C• 5Ah continuous and 10 C5Ah peak discharges,wide operating temperature range: - 30°C to + 50°C,• resistant to extreme temperatures from - 50°C to + 70°C.•

Minimal and easy maintenance2 years topping up interval,• integrated water filling system,• maintenance-free storage.•

Field-proven reliability and safety robust Sintered/PBE technology,• resistant to heavy cycling applications,• railway shocks and vibrations proven resistance.•

Low LCC(1) and LCA(2)

reliable service for 15 years,• no sudden death,• fully recyclable.•

September 2009

MSX – Ni-Cd batteryCompact high power for railways

Physical propertiesInner dimensions for assembly in tray

Dimensions

Blocktype

Ah Reserve(cm3)

Length(mm)

Weight(kg)

3cells

4cells

5cells

10cells

3cells

4cells

5cells

10cells

MSX 70 70 375 158 196 384 13 16 32

MSX 80 80 375 158 196 384 13 16 33

MSX 90 90 370 158 196 384 14 18 35

MSX 100 100 465 189 234 16 20

MSX 115 115 460 189 234 18 21

MSX 130 130 520 209 259 19 23

MSX 145 145 750 309 384 27 32

MSX 160 160 750 309 384 27 33

MSX 180 180 740 309 384 29 35

MSX 200 200 930 279 370 24 32

MSX 230 230 920 279 370 25 34

MSX 260 260 1040 310 411 28 37

Stringent quality standardsElectrical Over “H” type according to IEC 60 623

Fire and smoke NFF 16 101-16 102, DIN 5 510, UNI CEI 11 170-3, UL 94-V0

Shock and vibration IEC 61 373

Quality ISO 9 001, IRIS

Environment RoHS, fully recycled, ISO 14 001

Management Process World Class continuous improvement program

(1) Life Cycle Cost (2) Life Cycle Assessment

Integrated water filling system

Flame retardant plastic container

High conductivity connectors and terminals

Ultra thin membrane separator

High power plates

Page 4: MSX – compact, high power MSX MSX – Ni-Cd battery€¦ · For a fully charged battery at - 20°C and voltage at 0.85 V: • 7 C 5 Ah discharge rate during 10 s • 9 C 5 Ah discharge

2 C5

5 C5

7 C5

1 C5

0.2 C5

Vol

tage

(V)

Capacity (%Cn)

0.8

0.7

0.9

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110

1.0

1.4

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110

4 5

Ideal electrical characteristics from 0.2 C5Ah to 7 C5Ah

MSX discharge capacity at 0.2 C5Ah, 1 C5Ah, 2 C5Ah, 5 C5Ah and 7 C5Ah at 20°C after charging according to IEC 60 623, 1 h rest

2

‘‘’’

Key to Saft’s success are

advanced battery technology,

high service levels and

local support.

MSX versus standard M-type product with equal capacity for a typical backup load profile

‘‘

‘‘’’

’’

Saft’s batteries deliver

reliable high performance for

both backup and starting on

our trains.

Saft’s Ni-Cd batteries

assure the instant engine

starting we need, even at very

low temperatures.

‘‘’’

Whatever the season,

Saft’s batteries provide

outstanding discharge capability

for our backup needs.

‘‘’’

Excellent chargeability

at low temperatures means we

no longer oversize our batteries.

Auxiliary backup

Diesel engine starting

Advanced Ni-Cd batteriesFor railway backup and starting...

MSX...with enhanced electrical performance...

MSX...to meet customers’ requirements

Discharge current (number of C5Ah)

Vol

tage

(V)

0.6

1.0

1.3

1.4

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

0.9

0.7

1.1

1.2

0

0.8

1 sec peak10 sec peak

60 sec peak

High rate discharge for instant starting

MSX peak discharge during 1 s, 10 s and 60 s at - 20°C after IEC 60 623 charge, 16 h rest

For a fully charged battery at - 20°C and voltage at 0.85 V:

7 C• 5Ah discharge rate during 10 s

9 C• 5Ah discharge rate during 1 s

Cell voltage: 0.85 V at 50% SOC under 7 C• 5Ah discharge current (IEC 60 623 rated capacity; temperature at + 20°C)

At 0.85 V and 20°C: 85% of IEC 60 623 capacity at 5 C• 5Ah discharge, and 50% of IEC capacity at 7 C5Ah discharge

...MSX provides high power in a compact package MSX is Saft’s direct response to the ever increasing demands of the rail industry.

It delivers the high power energy essential for electrical system backup, including magnetic braking and diesel engine starting.

MSX is designed to offer a high power battery within a lightweight, space saving and low maintenance module that is ideally suited for tram-trains, tramways, high speed trains, EMUs, locomotives and DMUs.

MSX provides high power energy for electric trains and trams to:

cover demanding full load backup sequences•

feed magnetic braking, especially at low voltage•

support short duration backup at low temperatures.•

MSX improves the power capability of backup batteries

0.2

0.1

0.0

1.0

-40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

0.5

0.3

0.4

0.7

0.8

0.9

0.6

Temperature (ºC)

Cap

acity

(%C

5A

h) a

t 0

.2 C

5 d

isch

arge

rat

e

Efficient chargeability over an extended temperature window

MSX chargeability at 1.47 V (and temperature compensation)

Constant voltage full charge reference: 90% from - 10°C to + 30°C •

80% of this level of charge reached at - 25°C •

MSX delivers high power energy for DMUs and Diesel locomotives to:

save volume and weight with a compact starting battery,•

ensure both starting and backup with a single battery.•

As the world demands more from its railways...To consolidate their leadership positions and plan for a strong future, railway manufacturers and operators aim to maximise train availability, improve safety and comfort, increase passenger numbers and simultaneously rationalise overall costs.

Saft’s expertise in on-board applications is defined by long standing, high level relationships with key market leaders who demand:

reliable power solutions,•

reduced weight and volume of • on-board components,

low maintenance and improved • battery efficiency.

Saft understands that continuity of service is essential. Saft’s full range of railway batteries assures totally reliable backup as well as high power for diesel engine starting.

+ 20°C

+ 5°C

- 18°C

0.8

0.7

0.9

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

1.0

Vol

tage

(V)

Discharged capacity (% C5Ah)

90% of rated capacity available at 2 C• 5Ah discharge rate (temperature at + 20°C and cut-off voltage of 1 V)

Over 80% of this capacity level available at - 18°C •

Excellent discharge behaviour at various temperatures

MSX discharge capacity at 2 C5Ah at + 20°C, + 5°C, and - 18°C after charging according to IEC 60 623, 24 h rest

Page 5: MSX – compact, high power MSX MSX – Ni-Cd battery€¦ · For a fully charged battery at - 20°C and voltage at 0.85 V: • 7 C 5 Ah discharge rate during 10 s • 9 C 5 Ah discharge

2 C5

5 C5

7 C5

1 C5

0.2 C5

Vol

tage

(V)

Capacity (%Cn)

0.8

0.7

0.9

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110

1.0

1.4

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110

4 5

Ideal electrical characteristics from 0.2 C5Ah to 7 C5Ah

MSX discharge capacity at 0.2 C5Ah, 1 C5Ah, 2 C5Ah, 5 C5Ah and 7 C5Ah at 20°C after charging according to IEC 60 623, 1 h rest

2

‘‘’’

Key to Saft’s success are

advanced battery technology,

high service levels and

local support.

MSX versus standard M-type product with equal capacity for a typical backup load profile

‘‘

‘‘’’

’’

Saft’s batteries deliver

reliable high performance for

both backup and starting on

our trains.

Saft’s Ni-Cd batteries

assure the instant engine

starting we need, even at very

low temperatures.

‘‘’’

Whatever the season,

Saft’s batteries provide

outstanding discharge capability

for our backup needs.

‘‘’’

Excellent chargeability

at low temperatures means we

no longer oversize our batteries.

Auxiliary backup

Diesel engine starting

Advanced Ni-Cd batteriesFor railway backup and starting...

MSX...with enhanced electrical performance...

MSX...to meet customers’ requirements

Discharge current (number of C5Ah)

Vol

tage

(V)

0.6

1.0

1.3

1.4

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

0.9

0.7

1.1

1.2

0

0.8

1 sec peak10 sec peak

60 sec peak

High rate discharge for instant starting

MSX peak discharge during 1 s, 10 s and 60 s at - 20°C after IEC 60 623 charge, 16 h rest

For a fully charged battery at - 20°C and voltage at 0.85 V:

7 C• 5Ah discharge rate during 10 s

9 C• 5Ah discharge rate during 1 s

Cell voltage: 0.85 V at 50% SOC under 7 C• 5Ah discharge current (IEC 60 623 rated capacity; temperature at + 20°C)

At 0.85 V and 20°C: 85% of IEC 60 623 capacity at 5 C• 5Ah discharge, and 50% of IEC capacity at 7 C5Ah discharge

...MSX provides high power in a compact package MSX is Saft’s direct response to the ever increasing demands of the rail industry.

It delivers the high power energy essential for electrical system backup, including magnetic braking and diesel engine starting.

MSX is designed to offer a high power battery within a lightweight, space saving and low maintenance module that is ideally suited for tram-trains, tramways, high speed trains, EMUs, locomotives and DMUs.

MSX provides high power energy for electric trains and trams to:

cover demanding full load backup sequences•

feed magnetic braking, especially at low voltage•

support short duration backup at low temperatures.•

MSX improves the power capability of backup batteries

0.2

0.1

0.0

1.0

-40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

0.5

0.3

0.4

0.7

0.8

0.9

0.6

Temperature (ºC)

Cap

acity

(%C

5A

h) a

t 0

.2 C

5 d

isch

arge

rat

e

Efficient chargeability over an extended temperature window

MSX chargeability at 1.47 V (and temperature compensation)

Constant voltage full charge reference: 90% from - 10°C to + 30°C •

80% of this level of charge reached at - 25°C •

MSX delivers high power energy for DMUs and Diesel locomotives to:

save volume and weight with a compact starting battery,•

ensure both starting and backup with a single battery.•

As the world demands more from its railways...To consolidate their leadership positions and plan for a strong future, railway manufacturers and operators aim to maximise train availability, improve safety and comfort, increase passenger numbers and simultaneously rationalise overall costs.

Saft’s expertise in on-board applications is defined by long standing, high level relationships with key market leaders who demand:

reliable power solutions,•

reduced weight and volume of • on-board components,

low maintenance and improved • battery efficiency.

Saft understands that continuity of service is essential. Saft’s full range of railway batteries assures totally reliable backup as well as high power for diesel engine starting.

+ 20°C

+ 5°C

- 18°C

0.8

0.7

0.9

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

1.0

Vol

tage

(V)

Discharged capacity (% C5Ah)

90% of rated capacity available at 2 C• 5Ah discharge rate (temperature at + 20°C and cut-off voltage of 1 V)

Over 80% of this capacity level available at - 18°C •

Excellent discharge behaviour at various temperatures

MSX discharge capacity at 2 C5Ah at + 20°C, + 5°C, and - 18°C after charging according to IEC 60 623, 24 h rest

Page 6: MSX – compact, high power MSX MSX – Ni-Cd battery€¦ · For a fully charged battery at - 20°C and voltage at 0.85 V: • 7 C 5 Ah discharge rate during 10 s • 9 C 5 Ah discharge

3

‘‘’’

MSX is compact, weight-

saving and exceptionally reliable

with low LCC – perfect for our

project.

Allow 25 mm (1 in)for water fillingsystem tube

(6.65 in) 169 mm

(12 in) 305 mm

L

SaftIndustrial Battery Group12, rue Sadi Carnot93170 Bagnolet - FranceTel.: +33 1 49 93 19 18 Fax: +33 1 49 93 19 64

www.saftbatteries.com

Doc No 21783-2-0909Edition: September 2009

Data in this document is subject to change without notice and becomes contractual only after written confirmation.Published by the Communications Department.Photo credit: Bombardier Transportation, J.Isenmann, Photodisc, Reflexstock, Saft, Stockbyte/Datacraft/imagenavi/Getty Images, VIA.Société anonyme au capital de 31 944 000 €RCS Bobigny B 383 703 873

Produced by Arthur Associates Limited.

MSXExtensive capacity range

MSX – compact, high powerExtended customer benefits

Compact design30% weight and 40% volume saving over conventional H-type S/PBE Ni-Cd,• block concept for space optimization,• reduces the total weight of a battery raft.•

High power performancedesigned for 5 C• 5Ah continuous and 10 C5Ah peak discharges,wide operating temperature range: - 30°C to + 50°C,• resistant to extreme temperatures from - 50°C to + 70°C.•

Minimal and easy maintenance2 years topping up interval,• integrated water filling system,• maintenance-free storage.•

Field-proven reliability and safety robust Sintered/PBE technology,• resistant to heavy cycling applications,• railway shocks and vibrations proven resistance.•

Low LCC(1) and LCA(2)

reliable service for 15 years,• no sudden death,• fully recyclable.•

September 2009

MSX – Ni-Cd batteryCompact high power for railways

Physical propertiesInner dimensions for assembly in tray

Dimensions

Blocktype

Ah Reserve(cm3)

Length(mm)

Weight(kg)

3cells

4cells

5cells

10cells

3cells

4cells

5cells

10cells

MSX 70 70 375 158 196 384 13 16 32

MSX 80 80 375 158 196 384 13 16 33

MSX 90 90 370 158 196 384 14 18 35

MSX 100 100 465 189 234 16 20

MSX 115 115 460 189 234 18 21

MSX 130 130 520 209 259 19 23

MSX 145 145 750 309 384 27 32

MSX 160 160 750 309 384 27 33

MSX 180 180 740 309 384 29 35

MSX 200 200 930 279 370 24 32

MSX 230 230 920 279 370 25 34

MSX 260 260 1040 310 411 28 37

Stringent quality standardsElectrical Over “H” type according to IEC 60 623

Fire and smoke NFF 16 101-16 102, DIN 5 510, UNI CEI 11 170-3, UL 94-V0

Shock and vibration IEC 61 373

Quality ISO 9 001, IRIS

Environment RoHS, fully recycled, ISO 14 001

Management Process World Class continuous improvement program

(1) Life Cycle Cost (2) Life Cycle Assessment

Integrated water filling system

Flame retardant plastic container

High conductivity connectors and terminals

Ultra thin membrane separator

High power plates


Recommended