M.TECH. COMPUTER AIDED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

ACADEMIC REGULATIONS

COURSE STRUCTURE AND SYLLABI

M.TECH.

COMPUTER AIDED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN (Department of Mechanical Engineering)

2013 – 2014

GAYATRI VIDYA PARISHAD

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(AUTONOMOUS)

Accredited by NAAC with A Grade with a CGPA of 3.47/4.00

Affiliated to JNTUK-Kakinada

MADHURAWADA, VISAKHAPATNAM – 530 048

VISION

To evolve into and sustain as a Centre of

Excellence in Technological Education

and Research with a holistic approach.

MISSION

To produce high quality engineering graduates

with the requisite theoretical and practical

knowledge and social awareness to be able to

contribute effectively to the progress of the

society through their chosen field of endeavor.

To undertake Research & Development, and

extension activities in the fields of Science and

Engineering in areas of relevance for immediate

application as well as for strengthening or

establishing fundamental knowledge.

F O R E W O R D

Two batches of students have successfully graduated from the M.Tech.

programmes under autonomous status, which gave us a lot of

satisfaction and encouragement. In the light of changing scenario of

accreditation process globally, to upkeep the quality of education

further, a major revision in the curriculum has been taken up with an

objective to provide outcome based education.

We could execute these changes through our dedicated faculty,

commendable academicians from institutions of repute, enthusiastic

representatives from Industry, affiliating University JNTU-K, and UGC

present in the Boards of Studies, Academic Council and Governing

Body.

It is hoped that the new regulations and curriculum will enhance the all-

round ability of students so that they can technically compete at global

level with native ethical standards.

PRINCIPAL

MEMBERS ON THE BOARD OF STUDIES

IN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Prof. P. Bangaru Babu, Professor in Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology

(NIT), Warangal – 506 004.

Sri M. Prasanna Kumar,

DGM (O & M), NTPC Simhadri, Parawada, Visakhapatnam.

Sri V. Damodar Naidu,

President, Sujana Towers Ltd., Plot No.5/A, Vengalrao Nagar,

Hyderabad – 500 038.

Prof. M.M.M. Sarcar,

Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering

College of Engineering (Autonomous) Andhra University,

Visakhapatnam - 530 003.

Dr. N. Siva Prasad,

Professor, Machine Design Section, Department of Mechanical

Engineering, IIT Madras, Chennai - 600 036.

Sri K. R. Sreenivas,

Engineering Mechanics Unit, JNCASR, Jakkur, Bangalore 560 064.

Sri P. Srikanth,

Project Manager, Software Development, Parabola Software, MVP

Double Road, Visakhapatnam.

All faculty members of the Department

http://www.andhrauniversity.info/engg

GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Computer Aided Analysis And Design 2013

M.TECH. ACADEMIC REGULATIONS (Effective for the students admitted into first year from the Academic Year 2013 - 14)

The M.Tech. Degree of Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University

Kakinada shall be recommended to be conferred on candidates who are

admitted to the program and fulfill all the following requirements for

the award of the Degree.

1.0 ELGIBILITY FOR ADMISSION:

Admission to the above program shall be made subject to the

eligibility, qualifications and specialization as per the guidelines

prescribed by the APSCHE and AICTE from time to time.

2.0 AWARD OF M.TECH. DEGREE:

a. A student shall be declared eligible for the award of the

M.Tech. degree, if he pursues a course of study and completes

it successfully for not less than two academic years and not

more than four academic years.

b. A student, who fails to fulfill all the academic requirements for

the award of the Degree within four academic years from the

year of his admission, shall forfeit his seat in M.Tech. Course.

c. The duration of each semester shall normally be 20 weeks with

5 days a week. A working day shall have 7 periods each of

50 minutes.

3.0 STRUCTURE OF THE PROGRAMME:

*Elective

1

Semester No. of Courses per Semester Credits

Theory + Lab

I (5 +1*) + 1 20

II (5+1*) + 1 20

III Seminar 02

III, IV Project Work 40

TOTAL 82


4.0 ATTENDANCE:

The attendance shall be considered subject wise.

a. A candidate shall be deemed to have eligibility to write his end

semester examinations in a subject if he has put in at least 75%

of attendance in that subject.

b. Shortage of attendance up to 10% in any subject (i.e. 65% and

above and below 75%) may be condoned by a Committee on

genuine and valid reasons on representation by the candidate

with supporting evidence.

c. Shortage of attendance below 65% shall in no case be

condoned.

d. A student who gets less than 65% attendance in a maximum of

two subjects in any semester shall not be permitted to take the

end- semester examination in which he/she falls short. His/her

registration for those subjects will be treated as cancelled. The

student shall re-register and repeat those subjects as and when

they are offered next.

e. If a student gets less than 65% attendance in more than two

subjects in any semester he/she shall be detained and has to

repeat the entire semester.

5.0 EVALUATION:

The performance of the candidate in each semester shall be

evaluated subject-wise with 100 marks for each theory subject

and 100 marks for each practical, on the basis of Internal

Evaluation and External End -Semester Examination.

The question paper of the external end semester examination

shall be set externally and valued both internally and externally.

If the difference between the first and second valuations is less

than or equal to 9 marks, the better of the two valuations shall

be awarded. If the difference is more than 9 marks, the scripts

are referred to third valuation and the corresponding marks are

awarded.

a. A candidate shall be deemed to have secured the minimum

academic requirement in a subject if he secures a minimum of

40% of marks in the End Semester Examination and aggregate

minimum of 50% of the total marks of the End Semester

Examination and Internal Evaluation taken together.

2


b. For the theory subjects, 60 marks shall be awarded based on the

performance in the End Semester examination and 40 marks

shall be awarded based on the Internal Evaluation. One part of

the internal evaluation shall be made based on the average of

the marks secured in the two internal examinations of 30 marks

each conducted one in the middle of the Semester and the other

immediately after the completion of instruction. Each mid-term

examination shall be conducted for a duration of 120 minutes

with 4 questions without any choice. The remaining 10 marks

are awarded through an average of continuous evaluation of

assignments / seminars / any other method, as notified by the

teacher at the beginning of the semester.

c. For practical subjects, 50 marks shall be awarded based on the

performance in the End Semester Examinations, 50 marks shall

be awarded based on the day-to-day performance as Internal

marks. A candidate has to secure a minimum of 50% in the

external examination and has to secure a minimum of 50% on

the aggregate to be declared successful.

d. There shall be a seminar presentation during III semester. For

seminar, a student under the supervision of a faculty

member(advisor), shall collect the literature on a topic and

critically review the literature and submit it to the Department

in a report form and shall make an oral presentation before the

Departmental Committee. The Departmental Committee shall

consist of the Head of the Department, advisor and two other

senior faculty members of the department. For Seminar, there

will be only internal evaluation of 50 marks. A candidate has

to secure a minimum of 50% to be declared successful.

e. In case the candidate does not secure the minimum academic

requirement in any subject (as specified in 5.a to 5.c), he has to

reappear for the End Examination in that subject. A candidate

shall be given one chance to re-register for each subject

provided the internal marks secured by a candidate in that

subject is less than 50% and he has failed in the end

examination. In such a case, the candidate must re-register for

the subject (s). In the event of re-registration, the internal marks

and end examination marks obtained in the previous attempt are

nullified.

3


f. In case the candidate secures less than the required attendance

in any subject(s), he shall not be permitted to appear for the

End Examination in those subject(s). He shall re-register for

the subject(s) when they are next offered.

g. Laboratory examination for M.Tech. subjects must be

conducted with two Examiners, one of them being Laboratory

Class Teacher and second examiner shall be other than the

Laboratory Teacher.

6.0 EVALUATION OF PROJECT / DISSERTATION WORK:

Every candidate shall be required to submit the thesis or

dissertation after taking up a topic approved by the

Departmental Research Committee (DRC).

a. A Departmental Research Committee (DRC) shall be

constituted with the Head of the Department as the Chairman

and two senior faculty as Members to oversee the proceedings

of the project work from allotment of project topic to

submission of the thesis.

b. A Central Research Committee (CRC) shall be constituted with

a Senior Professor as Chair Person, Heads of the Departments

which are offering the M.Tech. programs and two other senior

faculty members from the same department.

c. Registration of Project Work: A candidate is permitted to

register for the project work after satisfying the attendance

requirement of all the subjects (theory and practical subjects.)

d. After satisfying 6.0 c, a candidate has to submit, in consultation

with his project supervisor, the title, objective and plan of

action of his project work to the DRC for its approval. Only

after obtaining the approval of DRC the student can initiate the

Project work.

e. If a candidate wishes to change his supervisor or topic of the

project he can do so with the approval of the DRC. However,

the Departmental Research Committee shall examine whether

the change of topic/supervisor leads to a major change in his

initial plans of project proposal. If so, his date of registration

for the Project work shall start from the date of change of

Supervisor or topic as the case may be whichever is earlier.

4


f. A candidate shall submit and present the status report in two

stages at least with a gap of 3 months between them after

satisfying 6.0 d. The DRC has to approve the status report, for

the candidate to proceed with the next stage of work.

g. The work on the project shall be initiated in the beginning of

the second year and the duration of the project is for two

semesters. A candidate shall be permitted to submit his

dissertation only after successful completion of all theory and

practical subject with the approval of CRC but not earlier than

40 weeks from the date of registration of the project work. For

the approval by CRC the candidate shall submit the draft copy

of the thesis to the Principal through the concerned Head of the

Department and shall make an oral presentation before the

CRC.

h. Three copies of the dissertation certified by the Supervisor shall

be submitted to the College after approval by the CRC.

i. For the purpose of adjudication of the dissertation, an external

examiner shall be selected by the Principal from a panel of 5

examiners who are experienced in that field proposed by the

Head of the Department in consultation with the supervisor.

j. The viva-voce examination shall be conducted by a board

consisting of the supervisor, Head of the Department and the

external examiner. The board shall jointly report the

candidate‟s work as:

A. Excellent

B. Good

C. Satisfactory

k. If the adjudication report is not favorable, the candidate shall

revise and resubmit the dissertation, in a time frame prescribed

by the CRC. If the adjudication report is unfavorable again, the

dissertation shall be summarily rejected and the candidate shall

change the topic of the Project and go through the entire

process afresh.

7.0 AWARD OF DEGREE AND CLASS :

A candidate shall be eligible for the degree if he satisfies the

minimum academic requirements in every subject and secures

satisfactory or higher grade report on his dissertation and viva-

voce. 5


After a student has satisfied the requirements prescribed for the

completion of the program and is eligible for the award of

M.Tech. Degree, he shall be placed in one of the following three

classes.

% of Marks secured Class Awarded

70% and above First Class with Distinction

60% and above but less than 70% First Class

50% and above but less than 60% Second Class

The grade of the dissertation shall be mentioned in the marks

memorandum.

8.0 WITHHOLDING OF RESULTS:

If the candidate has not paid any dues to the college or if any case

of indiscipline is pending against him, the result of the candidate

shall be withheld and he will not be allowed into the next higher

semester. The recommendation for the issue of the degree shall be

liable to be withheld in all such cases.

9.0 TRANSITORY REGULATIONS:

a. A candidate who has discontinued or has been detained for

want of attendance or who has failed after having studied the

subject is eligible for admission to the same or equivalent

subject(s) as and when subject(s) is/are offered, subject to

4.0 d, e and 2.0.

b. Credit equivalences shall be drawn for the students re-

admitted into 2013 regulations from the earlier regulations.

A Student has to register for the substitute / compulsory /

pre-requisite subjects identified by the respective Boards of

Studies.

c. The student has to register for substitute subjects, attend the

classes and qualify in examination and earn the credits.

d. The student has to register for compulsory subjects, attend

the classes and qualify in examination.

e. The student has to register for the pre-requisite courses,

attend the classes for which the evaluation is totally internal.

6


10.0 GENERAL

1. The academic regulations should be read as a whole for

purpose of any interpretation.

2. In case of any doubt or ambiguity in the interpretation of the

above rules, the decision of the Chairman, Academic

Council is final.

3. The College may change or amend the academic regulations

and syllabus at any time and the changes amendments made

shall be applicable to all the students with effect from the

date notified by the College.

4. Wherever the word he, him or his occur, it will also include

she, hers.

******

7


COURSE STRUCTURE

SEMESTER – I

Course

Code

Theory / Lab L P C

13BM2201 Advanced Computational methods 4 - 3

13ME2201 Mechanical Vibrations 4 - 3

13ME2202 Finite Element Analysis 4 - 3

13ME2104 Optimization methods in Engineering 4 - 3

13ME2203 Advanced Mechanics of Materials 4 - 3

13ME2204

13ME2205

13ME2109

13ME2110

13ME2206

Elective – I

1. Design for Manufacturing, Assembly

and Environment

2. Tribology

3. Advanced Mechanism Design

4. Total Quality Management

5. Aircraft Systems

4 - 3

13ME2111 Computer Aided Design and Optimization

Lab

- 3 2

TOTAL 24 3 20

SEMESTER – II

Course

Code

Theory / Lab L P C

13ME2207 Mechanics of Composite Materials 4 - 3

13ME2208 Experimental Stress Analysis 4 - 3

13ME2209 Robot Analysis and Design 4 - 3

13ME2115 Design of Fluid Power Systems 4 - 3

13ME2210 Advanced Mechanical Component Design 4 - 3

13ME2117

13ME2211

13ME2119

13ME2311

13ME2120

13ME2212

Elective – II

1. Design and Analysis of Experiments

2. Failure Analysis and Design

3. Computer Aided Process Planning

4. Computational Fluid Dynamics

5. Computer Graphics

6. Aircraft Structures

4 - 3

13ME2213 Advanced Mechanical Design Lab - 3 2

TOTAL 24 3 20

8


SEMESTER – III

Course Code SEMINAR/ PROJECT WORK CREDITS

13ME2214 SEMINAR 2

13ME2215 PROJECT WORK (Contd..) -

SEMESTER – IV

Course code PROJECT WORK CREDITS

13ME2215 PROJECT WORK 40

9


ADVANCED COMPUTATIONAL METHODS

Subject Code : 13BM2101 L P C

4 0 3

Pre requisites: 1.Fundamental concepts of Calculus.

2. Ordinary differential equations.

3. Elementary numerical methods

Course Educational Objectives: To teach advanced numerical methods required for typical scientific and

engineering applications. Give students experience in understanding the

properties of different numerical methods so as to be able to choose

appropriate methods and interpret the results for engineering problems

that they might encounter.

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of the course, the

students should be able to

1. use numerical method in modern scientific computing.

2. use numerical methods to interpolate functions and their derivatives.

3. solve ordinary and partial differential equations using numerical

methods.

UNIT-I

Linear System of Equations: Gauss elimination method,

Triangularization method, Cholesky method, Partition method, Error

Analysis for Direct Methods.

Iteration Methods: Jacobi Iteration Method, Gauss Seidel Iteration

Method, SOR Method

UNIT-II

Eigenvalue and Eigen Vectors, Bounds on Eigen values, Jacobi Method

for symmetric Matrices, Givens Method for Symmetric Matrices,

Householders Method, Power Method

UNIT-III

Numerical differentiation: Introduction, Methods based on

undetermined coefficients, Optimum choice of step length,

Extrapolation Methods, Partial Differentiation 10


Numerical Integration: Introduction, Open type integration rules,

Methods based on undetermined coefficients: Gauss-Legendre, Gauss-

Chebyshev, Romberg Integration.

Double integration: Trapezoidal method, Simpson‟s method.

UNIT-IV

Numerical Solutions of Ordinary Differential Equations (Boundary

Value Problem): Introduction, Shooting Method: Linear and Non Linear

Second order Differential Equations.

UNIT-V

Numerical Solutions of Partial Differential Equations: Introduction,

Finite difference Approximation to Derivatives. Laplace equation-

Jacobi method, Gauss Seidel Iteration Method, SOR Method. Parabolic

Equations, Iterative methods for Parabolic Equations, Hyperbolic

equations.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. M.K. Jain, S.R.K. Iyengar and R.K.Jain, “Numerical Methods for

Scientific and Engineering Computation”, New Age International

(P) Limited, Publishers, 4th

edition, 2003.

2. S.S. Sastry, “Introductory Methods of Numerical Analysis”,

Prentice Hall India Pvt., Limited, 4th

edition, 2009.

REFERENCE:

1. Samuel Daniel Conte, Carl W. De Boor, “Elementary Numerical

Analysis: An Algorithm Approach”, 3rd

edition, McGraw-Hill,

2005.

11


MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS

Subject Code: 13ME2201 L P C

4 0 3

Pre requisites: Theory of machines

Course Educational Objectives:

To make the student learn

1. the types and causes of vibrations and the parameters that affect

vibrations

2. the importance of vibration analysis in mechanical design of

machine parts

3. lumped parameter concept to represent a system as a set of masses,

springs and dampers

4. methods of modelling single-, two-, and multi-degree freedom

systems

5. the disasters that can occur due to vibrations and the methods of

mitigating them.

Course Outcomes:

The student will be able to

1. explore the need and importance of vibration analysis in mechanical

design of machine parts

2. derive the governing differential equations of different vibratory

systems

3. analyze the mathematical model of a linear vibratory system to

determine its response

4. analyze free and forced, undamped and damped vibratory systems

5. determine the frequencies and response of vibratory systems to

different kinds of excitation

6. predict and avoid the occurrence of resonance

UNIT – I Transverse vibrations, single concentrated load, uniformly distributed

load, several loads, Dunkerley„s method, energy method, whirling of

shafts. Torsional vibrations – single rotor, two-rotor, three-rotor

systems, torsionally equivalent shaft, geared system.

12


UNIT – II Two degree of freedom systems – Principal modes of vibration – two

masses fixed on tightly stretched string – double pendulum – torsional

system with damping – forced vibration with harmonic excitation –

undamped dynamic vibration absorber – untuned viscous damper

UNIT – III Multi degree of freedom systems – exact analysis - free vibrations –

equations of motion – influence coefficients - generalized co-ordinates –

Co-ordinate coupling – natural frequencies and mode shapes –

eigenvalues and eigenvectors - orthogonal properties of normal modes –

modal analysis.

UNIT – IV

Multi degree of freedom systems – Numerical methods – Rayleigh`s

method – Dunkerley`s method – Stodola‟s method – Rayleigh Ritz

method – Method of matrix iteration – Holzer‟s method for natural

frequencies of multi rotor systems.

UNIT – V

Continuous systems – vibration of strings – longitudinal vibrations of

bars – torsional vibrations of circular shafts - lateral vibration of beams

Critical speeds of shafts – Critical speed of a light shaft having a single

disc – without damping and with damping. Critical speed of a shaft

having multiple discs – secondary critical speed

TEXT BOOK:

1. Rao S.S. ,“Mechanical Vibrations”,4e, Pearson Education

Inc.,2004.

REFERENCES:

1. G.K. Grover, “Mechanical Vibrations”, Nemchand & Bros,

Roorkee, 8e, 2009.

2. William T Thomson & Marie Dillon Dahleh, “Theory of

Vibrations with application”, 5e, Pearson Education Publication,

2007.

3. Tse, Morse and Hinkel, “Mechanical Vibrations”, Chapman and

Hall, 1991.

4. Den Hartong J.P., “Mechanical Vibrations”, McGraw Hill, 1986.

5. V.P.Singh, “Mechanical vibrations”,3e, Dhanpat Rai& Co.,2006. 13


FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS


4 0 3

Pre requisites: Engineering mechanics and Mechanics of solids


To make the student

1. understand the fundamental concepts and techniques of finite

elements

2. learn Direct stiffness, Rayleigh-Ritz, Galerkin methods used in FEM

3. learn finite element formulation in solid mechanics and heat transfer

problems

4. know the tools for analyzing engineering problems using FEM and

typical commercial FEA package

Course Outcomes:


1. apply concepts and methods of FEA

2. apply direct stiffness, Rayleigh-Ritz, Galerkin methods

3. formulate and analyze static, dynamic problems of solid mechanics

and also heat transfer problems

4. use isoparametric, sub parametric and super parametric elements for

modeling

5. analyze linear and nonlinear problems

UNIT-I

Introduction, comparison of FEM with other methods, Variational

approach, Galerkin Methods. principle of minimum potential energy

Rayleigh- Ritz method, shape functions and characteristics, properties

of stiffness matrix, treatment of boundary conditions, Convergence:

requirements for convergence, h refinement and p-refinement, basic

equations of elasticity, strain displacement relations.

UNIT –II

1-D structural problems – axial bar element – stiffness matrix, load

vector, Trusses: Plane trusses, element stiffness matrix, assembly of

global stiffness matrix, load vector, stress calculations

Two-dimensional problems using CST: FE modelling, isoparametric

representation, PE approach, element stiffness, force terms, stress

calculations, axisymmetric formulation, FE Modelling using CST- PE

approach, body force terms, surface traction, stress calculations,

cylinder subjected to internal pressure, infinite cylinder. 14


UNIT-III

Isoparametric formulation: 4-noded quadrilateral and its shape

functions, element stiffness matrix, element force vectors, Numerical

Integration-1D and 2D integrations, stiffness integration, stress

calculations, nine -node quadrilateral, eight-node quadrilateral, six-node

triangle, sub parametric, super parametric elements, serendipity

elements.

UNIT-IV

Beams and frames: finite element formulation, load vector, boundary

considerations, shear force and bending moment, and plane frames

Scalar field problems: steady state heat transfer-one-dimensional heat

conduction, one-dimensional heat transfer in thin films.

UNIT-V

Dynamic analysis and nonlinear FEA: formulation-solid body with

distributed mass, element mass matrices, evaluation of Eigen values and

Eigen vectors for a stepped bar and a beam, introduction to non-linear

problems, geometric nonlinearity, material non linearity non-linear

dynamic problems, analytical problems

TEXT BOOKS:

1. S.S. Rao , “The finite element method in Engineering”,3e,

Butterworth and Heinnemann, 2001.

2. Tirupathi K.Chandrupatla and Ashok D.Belegundu, “Introduction

to finite elements in engineering”,3e, Pearson Education,2010.

3. O. P. Gupta, “Finite and boundary element methods in

Engineering”, 2e, Taylor and Francis, 1999.

REFERENCES:

1. Robert Cook , “Concepts and applications of finite element

analysis”,4e,John Wiley and sons,2009.

2. J. N. Reddy, “ An Introduction to Finite Element Methods”,2e,

McGraw Hill,2009.

3. O.C. Zienkowitz, “The Finite element method in engineering

science”,3e, McGraw Hill,2010.

4. K.J Bathe, “Finite Element Procedures in Engineering

analysis”,1e,PHI,2009.

5. C.S.Krishnamoorthy , “Finite Element Analysis - Theory and

Programming”,2e,Mc Graw Hill,2009. 15


OPTIMIZATION METHODS IN ENGINEERING


4 0 3

Pre requisites: Basic Mathematics



1. basic mathematical concepts of optimization

2. methods of modelling and formulating optimization problems

3. different methods of solving optimization problems

4. ways of interpreting solution of optimization problems in

engineering in general and

mechanical engineering problems in particular

Course Outcomes:


1. explain the importance and basic principles of optimization

2. apply the theory to formulate design problems as mathematical

optimization problems

3. solve optimization problems using different methods or algorithms

4. learn different methods of solving unconstrained and constrained

optimization problems

5. select a suitable technique for a specific engineering problem

UNIT-I Introduction: Classification of optimization problems classical

optimization techniques: single variable optimization–multivariable

with no constraints-multivariable with equality constraints, direct

substitution method, method of Lagrange multipliers

One-dimensional unconstrained optimization: unimodal function,

methods of single variable optimization -, bisection method,

unrestricted, Dichotomous, Fibonacci.

UNIT-II Non-linear multivariable optimization without constraints: Univariate

search, Pattern search methods- Hookes-Jeeves method, Powells

method, Steepest descent method

Non-linear multivariable optimization with constraints: Penalty

approach- interior and exterior penalty function methods. 16


UNIT- III Geometric programming: solution from differential calculus point of

view - solution from arithmetic-geometric inequality point of view -

degree of difficulty - optimization of zero degree of difficulty problems

with and without constraints- optimization of single degree of difficulty

problems without constraints.

UNIT-IV Genetic algorithms (GA): Differences and similarities between

conventional and evolutionary algorithms, working principle,

reproduction, crossover, mutation, termination criteria, different

reproduction and crossover operators, GA for constrained optimization,

drawbacks of GA.

UNIT-V Basic concepts of Stochastic programming, multi-stage optimization,

and Multi-objective optimization

Engineering applications: Minimization of weight of a cantilever beam,

truss, shaft; optimal design of springs.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Singiresu S. Rao, “Engineering Optimization -Theory and

Practice”, Wiley, 4th

edition, 2009.

REFERENCES: 1. Kalyanmoy Deb, "Optimization for Engineering Design-

Algorithms and Examples", PHI, 8th

reprint, 2005.

2. Ashok D. Belegundu and Tirupathi R. Chandrupatla,

“Optimization concepts and applications in engineering”, PHI, 2nd

edition, 2011.

17


ADVANCED MECHANICS OF MATERIALS


4 0 3

Pre requisites: Engineering Mechanics and Mechanics of solids



1. three-dimensional nature of stress, strain, displacement and their

relationship.

2. advanced methods for the analysis and design of structural

components in mechanical engineering field.

3. how to interpret the results for design, analysis and research

purposes.

Course Outcomes:


1. relate loading and deformation states to the proper components of

stress and strain, identify direction and magnitude of principal

stresses and principal strains.

2. analyze and design the columns

3. understand and apply the concepts of asymmetric bending, shear

centre.

4. perform the stress analysis of curved beams

5. apply Castigliano‟s first and second theorems for predicting

deflections and rotations in simple, statically determinate and

indeterminate structures.

6. understand the concept of plastic deformation in members under

torsion, bending and calculate the residual stresses.

7. analyze the torsion of noncircular cross-sections

UNIT-I

Analysis of stress and strain: Three dimensional state of stress at a point

- Stress components on an inclined plane - Principal stresses - Stress

invariants - Octahedral stress. Rectangular strain components - State of

strain at a point - Principal strains, Stress-strain relations for isotropic

materials.

UNIT- II

Columns: Euler‟s buckling load of a column for different support

conditions, effective length of a column, Rankine formula, Column

subjected to eccentric loading-Secant formula, Critical load of a column

having initial curvature - stresses, Beam column with a concentrated

load at mid-span. 18


UNIT –III Unsymmetrical bending: Unsymmetrical bending of straight beams

having rectangular, I-section, and T-sections – stresses induced –

Neutral axis.

Concept of Shear centre – Shear centre of simple thin-walled sections,

Shear stresses in thin-walled open sections.

UNIT –IV Bending of curved beams: Winkler-Bach formula - Shift of neutral axis

for various cross-sections - stresses in curved beams, stresses in crane

hook, stresses in circular rings.

Energy methods: Castigliano‟s first and second theorems, application to

members subjected to axial, transverse and torsional loads, application

to statically indeterminate structures.

UNIT –V

Plastic deformation: Elasto-plastic material - Plastic deformation of

circular shafts under torsion - Residual stresses in circular shafts. Plastic

deformation of members with a single plane of symmetry under bending

- Residual stresses in beams.

Torsion on non circular members: Rectangular, Elliptical and

Equilateral triangular cross-sections, Torsion of thin walled tubes.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. L. S. Srinadh, “Advanced Mechanics of Solids”, 2nd

Edition, Tata

McGraw Hill, 2004.

2. F. P. Beer, E. R. Johnston, J. T. Dewolf, and D. F. Mazurek,

“Mechanics of Materials”, 6th

Edition, McGraw Hill, 2012.

REFERENCES:

1.S. S. Rattan, “Strength of Materials”, 2nd

Edition, Tata McGraw Hill,

2008, 3rd

Reprint, 2012.

2.H. J. Shah, S. B. Junnarkar, “Mechanics of Structures: Strength of

Materials (Vol-1)”, 29th

Edition, Charotar Publishing House, Anand,

Gujarat, 2011.

3.James M. Gere and Barry J. Goodno, “Mechanics of Materials”, 8th

Edition, Cengage Learning, 2012.

4.R. C. Hibbeler, “Mechanics of Materials”, 8th

Edition, Prentice Hall

Inc., 2011.

5.P. Haupt, “Continuum Mechanics and Theory of Materials”, 2nd

edition, Springer, 2002. 19


DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLY AND

ENVIRONMENT

(Elective-I)


4 0 3

Pre requisites: Production technology


To make the student understand

1. design principles, creativity in design and material selection for

design

2. design considerations for machining, casting, forging

3. design considerations for metal joining, extrusion, sheet metal work,

plastic processing

Course Outcomes:


1. Design the machine parts for ease of manufacturing

2. Select appropriate materials and manufacturing processes for the

optimum product cost and quality

3. Implement assembly features in design to reduce the assembly time

and cost

UNIT-I Introduction: Design philosophy – steps in design process – general

design rules for manufacturability – basic principles of designing for

economical production – creativity in design, application of linear &

non-linear optimization techniques.

Materials: Selection of materials for design – developments in material

technology – criteria for material selection – material selection

interrelationship with process selection – process selection charts.

UNIT-II Machining process: Overview of various machining processes – general

design rules for machining - dimensional tolerance and surface

roughness – design for machining – ease – redesigning of components

for machining ease with suitable examples, general design

recommendations for machined parts.

Metal joining: Appraisal of various welding processes, factors in design

of weldments – general design guidelines – pre and post treatment of

welds – effects of thermal stresses in weld joints – design of brazed

joints. 20


UNIT-III Metal casting: Appraisal of various casting processes, selection of

casting process, - general design considerations for casting – casting

tolerances – use of solidification simulation in casting design – product

design rules for sand casting.

Forging: Design factors for forging – closed die forging design – parting

lines of dies – drop forging die design – general design

recommendations.

UNIT-IV Extrusion and sheet metal work: Design guidelines for extruded sections

- design principles for punching, blanking, bending, and deep drawing –

Keeler Goodman forming line diagram – component design for

blanking.

UNIT-V Assembly: Compliance analysis and interference analysis for the design

of assembly – design

and development of features for automatic assembly – liaison diagrams.

Environment: Introduction to environment; motivations for

environment principles of environment - eco-efficiency, product life

cycle perspective, environment tools and processes, environment

design guidelines.

TEXT BOOK:

1.A K Chitale and R C Gupta , “ Product Design and

Manufacturing”, PHI, New Delhi, 2003.

REFERENCES :

1. George E Deiter, “ Engineering Design”, McGrawHill

International, 2002.

2. Boothroyd G , “Product design for Manufacture and Assembly”,

First Edition, Marcel Dekker Inc, New York, 1994.

21


TRIBOLOGY

(Elective-I)


4 0 3

Pre requisites: Design of machine members



1. technology of lubrication, control of friction and prevention of wear

2. the art of providing operational analysis to problems of great

economic significance

3. the importance of nano-tribology

Course Outcomes:

The student will be able to explain

1. the fundamentals of fluid film lubrication bearings, rolling element

bearings, friction and wear of metals

2. tribological parameters for the increase of service life of machine

elements

3. the working of various microscopes used in nano-tribology

4. the fabrication techniques of MEMS/NEMS

UNIT-I Properties and testing of lubricants: Viscosity and its variation -absolute

and kinematic viscosity, temperature variation, viscosity index

determination of viscosity, different viscometers.

Friction: Introduction, Laws of friction, kinds of friction, causes of

friction, friction measurement, theory of friction. Friction characteristics

of metals, friction of Non metals, ceramics and polymers. Study of

current concepts of boundary friction and dry friction.

UNIT-II Wear of metals: Introduction, definition, scope, classification of wear,

adhesive, delamination, fretting, abrasive, erosive and corrosive wear.

Mechanism of wear, wear resistant materials, wear testing methods,

wear reduction by surface improvement. Introduction to wear of

polymers and ceramics.

22


UNIT-III Hydrostatic lubrication: Hydrostatic step bearing, application to fixed

and pivoted pad thrust bearing and other applications, hydrostatic lifts,

hydrostatic squeeze films and its application to journal bearing.

Hydrostatic thrust bearings, Hydrostatic bearing analysis including

compressibility effects.

UNIT-IV Hydrodynamic lubrication: Various theories of lubrication, Petroff‟s

equation, Reynolds equation in two dimensions. Effects of side leakage

- Reynolds equation in three dimensions, Somerfield number. Friction

in slider bearing, hydro dynamic theory applied to journal bearing

Elastohydrodynamic lubrication: Theoretical considerations, Grubin

type solutions, film thickness equations. Different regimes in EHL

contact.

UNIT-V Nano tribology: Introduction, measurement tools, Surface force

operators, scanning tunneling microscope, friction force microscope,

atomic force microscope, fabrication techniques for MEMS/NEMS.

TEXT BOOK: 1. B.C Majumdar, “Tribology and Bearings”, C Publications, 2e, 2007

REFERENCES:

1. Basu Sen Gupta and Ahuja, “Fundamentals of Tribology”, Prentice

Hall, 1e, 2006.

2. Prasanth Sahoo, “Engineering Tribology”, PHI Learning Publishing,

1e, 2005.

3. Kenneth C Ludema, “Friction, Wear, Lubrication”, CRC Press,

1996.

4. Bharath Bhushan, “Introduction to Tribology”, Wiley, 2002

23


ADVANCED MECHANISM DESIGN

(Elective-I)


4 0 3 Pre requisites: Theory of machines


1. To introduce fundamentals of kinematics of mechanism

2. To familiarise the student with the mathematical formula associated

with the motion parameters of mechanisms

3. To inculcate the concept of planar mechanism synthesis

4. To introduce the Denavit – Hartenber of notation for spatial

mechanisms

Course Outcomes:


1. identify the kinematic chain in a given machine

2. analyze a complex mechanism for displacement velocity and

acceleration

3. synthesise dimensionally a mechanism for a given task

4. analyze the static and dynamic forces on a mechanism

5. estimate the motion parameters of a robot using D-H notation

UNIT– I Introduction – review of fundamentals of kinematics - analysis and

synthesis – terminology, definitions and assumptions – planar, spherical

and spatial mechanisms‟ mobility – classification of mechanisms –

kinematic Inversion – Grashoff`s law

Position and displacement – complex algebra solutions of planar vector

equations – coupler curve generation velocity – analytical methods -

vector method – complex algebra methods – Freudenstein‟s theorem

UNIT– II Planar

complex mechanisms - kinematic analysis - low degree complexity and

high degree complexity, Hall and Ault`s auxiliary point method –

Goodman‟s indirect method for low degree of complexity mechanisms

Acceleration – analytical methods – Chase solution - Instant centre of

acceleration. Euler-Savory equation - Bobillier construction

24


UNIT – III Synthesis of mechanisms: Type, number and dimensional synthesis –

function generation – two position synthesis of slider crank and crank-

rocker mechanisms with optimum transmission angle – three position

synthesis – structural error – Chebychev spacing - Cognate linkages –

Robert-Chebychev theorem – Block‟s method of synthesis,

Freudenstein‟s equation.

UNIT – IV

Static force analysis of planar mechanism – static force analysis of

planar mechanism with friction – method of virtual work.

Dynamic force analysis of planar mechanisms - Combined static and

inertia force analysis.

UNIT – V Kinematics analysis of spatial revolute-Spherical-Spherical-Revolute

mechanism – Denavit-Hartenberg parameters – forward and inverse

kinematics of robotic manipulators.

TEXT BOOK :

1. Amitabh Ghosh and Ashok Kumar Mallik, “Theory of

Mechanisms and Machines”,3e, EWP, 1999.

REFERENCES:

1. Shighley Joseph Edward and Uicker John Joseph , “Theory of

Machines and Mechanism” ,2e, McGraw Hill,1985.

2. Arthur G. Erdman and G.N. Sandor, “Advanced Mechanism

Design: Analysis and Synthesis”, Vol. I, PHI, 1984.

3. Arthur G. Erdman and G.N. Sandor, “Advanced Mechanism

Design: Analysis and Synthesis”, Vol. II, PHI, 1984.

25


TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT

(Elective-I)


4 0 3

Pre requisites: Production planning control and Industrial

management



1. quality standards and need for standardization

2. development and implementation of quality measurement systems

3. quality circles and quality function development

4. application of six sigma approach to various industrial situations

5. concept of total quality management

Course Outcomes:


1. explain quality standards and need for standardization

2. implement quality measurement systems in various applications

3. prepare and use control charts for SQC

4. implement six sigma approach for various industrial applications

5. suggest standards for total quality management in an organization

UNIT –I Introduction to quality – definitions - TQM – overview – history –

stages of evolution - elements – definitions – continuous improvement–

objectives – internal and external customers - customer satisfaction and

customer delight

UNIT-II Quality standards – need of standardization - Institutions – bodies of

standardization, ISO 9000 series – ISO 14000 series – other

contemporary standards, quality models such as KANO, Westinghouse.

Quality measurement systems (QMS) – developing and implementing

QMS – non conformance database, inspection, nonconformity reports,

QC, QA, quality costs, tools of quality.

26


UNIT-III Problem solving - problem solving process – corrective action – order

of precedence – system failure analysis approach – flow chart – fault

tree analysis – failure mode assessment and assignment matrix –

organizing failure mode analysis – pedigree analysis, cause and effect

analysis, FMEA case studies.

UNIT-IV Quality circles – organization – focus team approach – statistical

process control – process chart – Ishikawa diagram – preparing and

using control charts, SQC, Continuous improvement – 5 S approach,

Kaizen, reengineering concepts. Quality function development (QFD,

bench marking – Taguchi analysis - Taguchi design of experiments,

reliability models, reliability studies

UNIT-V Value improvement elements – value improvement assault – supplier

teaming, vendor appraisal and analysis, lean engineering

Six sigma approach – application of six sigma approach to various

industrial situations, case studies

TEXT BOOK: 1.Bester Field, “Total Quality Management”, 3e, Pearson Education,

Asia, New Delhi, 2002

REFERENCES: 1. Logothetis W, “Management Total Quality”, Prentice Hall of India,

New Delhi, 1999.

2. Feigenbaum A.V., “Total Quality Management”, McGraw-Hill,

1991.

3. Narayana V. and Sreenivasan N.S., “Quality Management –

Concepts and Tasks”, New Age International, 1996

27


AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS

(Elective-I)


4 0 3 Pre requisites: Mechanics of solids and Fluid mechanics


1. To introduce the overview of aircraft industry

2. To provide the basic knowledge of flight and aircraft systems

Course Outcomes:


1. gain the knowledge of aircraft industry

2. know the fundamentals of flight and aircraft systems

3. know the difficulties involved in the actual design and

manufacture of an aircraft

4. understand the operating and control systems of an aircraft and

evaluate stability control, maneuverability and aerodynamic

performance

UNIT- I Aircraft industry overview: evolution and history of flight, types of

aerospace industry, key players in aerospace industry, aerospace

manufacturing, industry supply chain, prime contractors, tier 1

suppliers, key challenges in industry supply chain, OEM supply chain

strategies, mergers and acquisitions, aerospace industry trends,

advances in engineering/CAD/CAM/CAE tools and materials

technology, global and Indian aircraft scenario

Introduction to aircrafts: basic components of an aircraft, structural

members, aircraft axis system, aircraft motions, control surfaces and

high lift devices.

UNIT- II Types of aircrafts: lighter than air/heavier than air aircrafts,

conventional design configurations based on power plant location, wing

vertical location, intake location, tail unit arrangements, landing gear

arrangements. unconventional configurations-biplane, variable sweep,

canard layout, twin boom layouts, span loaders, blended body wing

layout, stol and stovl aircraft, stealth aircraft, advantages and

disadvantages of these configurations 28


Basic principles of flight: significance of speed of sound, air speed and

ground speed, properties of atmosphere, Bernoulli‟s equation, forces on

the airplane, airflow over wing section, pressure distribution over a

wing section, generation of lift

UNIT- III Drag, pitching moments: types of drag, lift curve, drag curve, lift/drag

ratio curve, factors affecting lift and drag, center of pressure and its

effects

Aerofoil nomenclature: types of aerofoil, wing section-aerodynamic

center, aspect ratio, effects of lift, drag, speed, air density on drag, mach

waves, mach angles, sonic and supersonic flight and its effects

UNIT- IV Mechanics of flight aircraft performance: taking-off, climbing, cruise,

landing, power curves

Manoeuvres: Pull out dives, the load factor, loads during a turn, correct

and incorrect angles of bank, control and steep banks, inverted

manoeuvres, manoeuvrability.

Aircraft performance and manoeuvers: power curves, maximum and

minimum speeds of horizontal flight, effects of changes of engine

power, effects of altitude on power curves, forces acting on a aeroplane

during a turn, loads during a turn, correct and incorrect angles of bank,

aerobatics, inverted manoeuvres, manoeuvrability.

UNIT- V Stability and control: meaning of stability and control, degree of

stability- lateral, longitudinal and directional stability, dihedral and

anhedral angles, control of an aeroplane

Introduction to aircraft systems: types of aircraft systems

Mechanical systems: Environmental control systems (ECS), Pneumatic

systems, Hydraulic systems, Fuel systems, Landing gear systems,

Engine Control Systems, Ice and rain protection systems, Cabin

Pressurization and Air Conditioning Systems, Steering and Brakes

Systems Auxiliary Power Unit,

Electrical systems: Avionics, Flight controls, Autopilot and Flight

Management Systems, Navigation Systems, Communication,

Information systems, Radar System

29


TEXT BOOKS:

1. A.C Kermode, “Flight without Formulae” ,10th

edition, Pearson

Education.

2. A.C Kermode, “Mechanics of Flight”, 5th

edition, Pearson

Education.

3. Shevell, “Fundamentals Of Flight”, 2nd

edition, Pearson

Education.

4. Dave Anderson, “Introduction to Flight” 6th

edition, McGraw Hill.

5. Ian Moir and Allan Seabridge, “Aircraft Systems: Mechanical,

Electrical and Avionics Subsystems Integration” 3rd

edition, Wiley

WEB RESOURCES: 1. http://www.aero.org/

2. http://www.rl.af.mil/rrs/resources/griffiss_aeroclub/aircraft.html

3. http://www.ctas.arc.nasa.gov/project_description/pas.html

30


COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION LAB


0 3 2 Pre requisites: CAD and Optimization methods


To impart knowledge to the student to

1. learn part modelling and their assemblies, drafting and animation of

the mechanical components using modelling packages

2. understand static and transient thermal analysis using FEA packages

3. carry out single and multi objective optimization problems using

MATLAB

Course Outcomes:


1. create part model and assembly model of various components using

modelling packages

2. perform static and transient thermal analysis using FEA packages

3. solve optimization problems using MATLAB

Note: Any ten exercises from the following

Introduction to various commands in solid modelling software

1. Part modelling of various components

2. Part modelling of fasteners like nut, bolt, screw, rivet etc.

3. Part modelling of I. C. engine parts

4. Drafting of I. C. engine parts

5. Assembly of screw jack

6. Animation of four bar mechanism

Introduction to various commands in analysis software 7. Static analysis of a corner bracket

8. Static analysis of truss

9. Analysis of cylindrical shell under pressure

10. Transient thermal stress in a cylinder

Introduction to various commands in MATLAB software 11. To carry out unconstrained non-linear single variable

optimization

12. To carry out unconstrained non-linear multivariable optimization

13. To carryout multi-objective optimization

14. Exercise on use of Genetic algorithm toolbox

Modelling packages: CATIA, UNIGRAPHICS, Pro-E

Analysis packages: ANSYS, NISA

Optimization: MATLAB 31


MECHANICS OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS


4 0 3 Pre requisites: Material science and Mechanics of solids



1. composite materials and its applications

2. transformation of stress and strain in different composite

materials

3. analysis of laminated composite materials

4. failure modes of unidirectional composites

5. the knowledge about different types of fabrication methods of

composite materials

6. effect of properties on composite materials

Course Outcomes: The student will be able to

1. know experimental characterization and testing methods of

composite materials

2. study of importance of micromechanics of failure

3. explain vibration analysis of laminated composite plates using

finite element method

4. analyze single and multiple fracture analysis of composite

materials

5. determine tensile and compressive strength of unidirectional

fibre composites

6. know fracture modes in composites

UNIT-I

Introduction: classification of composites: fibrous composites,

particulate composites, applications.

Raw materials: Resins: polyester, epoxy, metal matrices.

Reinforcement: glass fibers, boron fibers, silicon carbide, carbon and

graphite fibers, Kevlar, sisal and other vegetable fibers, whiskers, fillers

and parting agents.

UNIT-II

Macromechanical behaviour of a lamina: transformation of stress and

strain, numerical examples of stress strain transformation, graphic

interpretation of stress – strain relations. Off -axis, stiffness modulus,

elastic behaviour of unidirectional composites: elastic constants of

lamina, relationship between engineering constants and reduced

stiffness and compliances, analysis of laminated composites. 32


Micro mechanics: Introduction, weight and volume fractions, properties

of lamina, representative volume element, micro mechanics, analysis of

continuous and discontinuous fibres, reinforced composites, failure

modes of unidirectional composites.

UNIT- III

Fabrication methods: Hand lay-up: materials, molding, bag molding,

mating molds, spray up molding, matched - die molding, perform

molding, filament winding, winding patterns and winding machines,

pultrusion.

UNIT- IV

Experimental characterization and testing methods of composites:

Properties of constituents: single filament tensile properties, matrix

tensile properties, density, volume fractions, coefficient of thermal and

moisture expansions, properties of composites: tensile test method,

compression test method.

Strength of unidirectional lamina: Micro mechanics of failure, failure

mechanisms, strength of an orthotropic lamina, strength of a lamina

under tension and shear maximum stress and strain criteria, application

to design. the failure envelope, first ply failure free-edge effects

UNIT- V

Analysis of laminated composite plates: introduction, thin plate theory,

specially orthotropic plate, cross and angle ply laminated plates,

bending and vibration analysis of laminated composite plates using

finite element method

Fiber composites: Tensile and compressive strength of unidirectional

fibre composites, fracture modes in composites: single and multiple

fracture, de-bonding, fibre pullout and de-lamination failure, fatigue of

laminate composites

TEXT BOOKS: 1.R.M. Jones, “Mechanics of composite Materials”, Scripta Book

company, Washington DC, 2e, 1992.

Madhujit Mukhopadhyay, “Mechanics of composite materials and

structures”, Universalities press, 2e, 2004

REFERENCES:

1. Isaac and M Daniel, “Engineering Mechanics of Composite

Materials”, Oxford University Press, 1994.

2. Autar K.Kaw, “Mechanics of Composite Materials ”,CRC

Publishers,1997. 33


EXPERIMENTAL STRESS ANALYSIS


4 0 3 Pre requisites: Mechanical measurements



1. basic knowledge of instruments used for stress and strain

measurement

2. the importance of measurement of piezoelectric transducer

3. interpretation of isoclinics and isochromatics in the study of

photoelasticity

Course Outcomes:


1. explain the measurement of stress and strain in structures subjected

to static and dynamic loads

2. use mechanical, pneumatic and electrical strain gauges for strain

measurements

3. explain the applications of plane polarized and elliptically polarized

lights

4. analyze photoelasticity data

5. calibrate through tension, beam and disc models

UNIT-I

Strain measurement, ideal strain gauge, mechanical, optical, acoustical,

pneumatic, dielectric and electrical strain gauges, differential

transformer and piezoelectric transducers.

UNIT-II

Electrical wire resistance strain gauges: bonded type gauges, bonding

agents, foil gauges, gauge materials, weldable gauges.

UNIT-III

Strain gauge- adhesive, fixing of gauges, temperature effects in bonded

gauges, gauge factor and gauge sensitivity, measurement of stress,

stress gauge.

34


UNIT-IV

Measuring circuits and strain gauge rosette: potentiometer circuit,

Wheatstone bridge, circuit sensitivity and output, temperature

compensation and signal addition, rectangular, delta and tee- delta

rosette, applications of strain gauge in practical problems.

UNIT-V

Vibration measurement: Introduction, transducers, vibration pickups,

frequency measuring instruments, vibration exciters, signal analysis.

TEXT BOOK: 1. JW Dally and WF Riley, “Experimental Stress Analysis”,

McGraw-Hill Publications, 2003

REFERENCES: 1. CC Perry and HR Lissner, “The Strain Gage Primer” ,

McGraw-Hill, 2000.

2. Abdul Mubeen, “Experimental Stress Analysis” , Dhanpat

Rai and Sons, 2001.

3. PS Theocaris, “Moire Fringes in Strain Analysis” ,

Pergammon Press, 2002.

35


ROBOT ANALYSIS AND DESIGN


4 0 3 Pre requisites: Automation in Manufacturing and Industrial robotics



1. the fundamental issues related to the research and applications of

robotic systems

2. different robotic components, like sensors and actuators, and their

effects

3. mathematical tools for modelling, analysis, and control of a robotic

system

4. forward and inverse kinematics and dynamics analyses, motion

planning and control aspects of robots

5. concepts of robot vision and image processing techniques


1. explain the basic theory of robot manipulators

2. apply knowledge in robot kinematics, dynamics and control, and

image processing

3. model and perform forward and inverse kinematics and dynamics of

robots

4. analyze and design industrial robot

5. implement suitable robot controllers for industrial robots

6. analyze common industrial robots and their configurations

UNIT-I Introduction: Types of robots, overview of robot subsystems, resolution,

repeatability and accuracy, degrees of freedom of robots, robot

configurations and concept of workspace, mechanisms and

transmission, pneumatic, hydraulic and electrical actuators,

specifications of different industrial robots.

Kinematics: Rotation matrices, Euler angle and RPY representation,

homogeneous transformation matrices, Denavit-Hartenberg notation,

direct kinematics, inverse kinematics, Jacobian of RR and RP type

planar robots, singularities, trajectory planning: joint interpolation, task

space interpolation.

36


UNIT-II Dynamics and control: Use of Lagrangian and Newton-Euler

formulations for the dynamics of RR and RP type planar robots,

independent joint control, PD and PID feedback, actuator models, force

feedback, hybrid control.

UNIT-III Sensors and end-effectors: Internal and external sensors, position,

velocity and acceleration sensors, proximity sensors, force sensors, laser

range finder. Grippers - types, operation, mechanism, force analysis,

tools as end effectors, considerations in gripper selection and design.

UNIT–IV Robot vision: image processing fundamentals for robotic applications,

image acquisition and pre-processing, segmentation and region

characterization object recognition by image matching and based on

features

Robot programming and languages: Lead through programming, robot

programming as a path in space, motion interpolation, WAIT, SIGNAL

and DELAY commands, branching capabilities and limitations. textual

robot languages, generations, robot language structures, elements in

functions.

UNIT-V Robot cell design and control: Robot cell layouts -robot centered cell,

inline robot cell, mobile robot cell; considerations in work cell design,

work cell control, interlocks, error detection, work cell controller.

Robot applications: Material transfer, machine loading/unloading,

processing operations, assembly and inspections.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. 1. Nagrath and Mittal, “Robotics and Control”, Tata McGraw-Hill,

2003, 6th

Reprint, 2007, New Delhi.

2. M. P. Groover, M. Weiss, R. N. Nagel and N. G. Ordrey, “Industrial

Robotics”, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2008.

37


REFERENCES:

1. Mark W. Spong, Seth Hutchinson, M. Vidyasagar, “Robot Modeling

and Control”, John Wiley and Sons, 2006, New Delhi.

2. John J. Craig, “Introduction to Robotics – Mechanics and Control” ,

Pearson Education, 3rd

Edition, 2005.

3. Saeed B. Niku, “Introduction to Robotics: Analysis, Systems,

Application” , Pearson education, 2011.

4. S. K. Saha, “Introduction to Robotics” , McGraw-Hill Education

India, New Delhi, 2008.

5. Tsuneo Yoshikawa, “Fundamentals of Robotics: Analysis and

Control” , PHI, 2001.

6. Fu K.S, Gonzalez R.C., Lee C.S.G, “Robotics - Control, Sensing,

Vision and Intelligence” , McGraw Hill International, 1987.

7. Robert J. Schilling, “Fundamentals of Robotics” , PHI India, 2000.

38


DESIGN OF FLUID POWER SYSTEMS


4 0 3 Pre requisites: Fluid mechanics, Hydraulic machinery



1. different components of hydraulic and pneumatic power systems

such as pumps, motors, direction control valves

2. design of hydraulic and pneumatic circuits for selected industrial

applications

3. electrical controls in fluid power systems

Course Outcomes:


1. select suitable pump, motor and other components for a specified

application

2. design the circuit for a given application and execute the same in

industry

3. attend to maintenance and trouble shooting of fluid power systems in

industry

UNIT-I Introduction to hydraulic systems and ancillary hydraulic systems:

Introduction to hydraulic systems, design and construction of hydraulic

reservoir and sizing, gravity type, spring-loaded and gas loaded type

accumulators.

Hydraulic pumps: Gear pumps, vane pumps and piston pumps, sizing of

hydraulic pumps, selection of hydraulic pumps.

UNIT-II Hydraulic control valves: direction control valves, pressure control

valves, flow control valves, servo valves.

Hydraulic cylinders and motors: hydraulic cylinder operation and

cylinder mountings - hydraulic cylinder design and cushions, hydraulic

motors - gear, vane and piston motors – hydraulic motor theoretical

torque, power and flow rate - hydraulic motor performance - hydrostatic

transmissions.

39


UNIT-III Hydraulic circuit design and analysis: Control of single and double

acting cylinders, regenerative and pump unloading circuit, hydraulic

cylinder sequence and synchronizing circuits, speed control of hydraulic

cylinder and motor, hydraulic motor breaking system.

UNIT-IV Pneumatics: Basic requirements for pneumatic system – air compressor

– pneumatic cylinders and air motors – pneumatic valves - basic

pneumatic circuits

Maintenance and trouble shooting of hydraulic and pneumatic systems:

oxidation and corrosion of hydraulic fluids - maintaining and disposing

of fluids - wear of moving parts due to solid particle contamination of

the fluid - problems caused by gases in hydraulic fluids -

troubleshooting of hydraulic system - maintenance and troubleshooting

of pneumatic systems

UNIT – V Electrical controls in fluid power systems: Basic electrical devices –

electrical components, electrical controls in pneumatic systems,

examples of simple electro-pneumatic circuits with solenoid operated

direction control valve for the control of single and double-acting

cylinders

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Anthony Esposito, “Fluid Power with Applications” Sixth Edition,

Pearson Education, Inc.New Delhi, 2003.

2. S.R.Majumdar “Pneumatic Systems – Principles and

Maintenance”, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited,

New Delhi, 1995.

REFERENCES:

1. S.R.Majumdar, “ Oil Hydraulic Systems – Principles and

Maintenance”, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited,

New Delhi, 2012.

2. Andrew Parr, “Hydraulics and Pneumatics – A Technician’s and

Engineer’s Guide”, NinethJaico Impression, Jaico Publishing

House, Mumbai, 2005.

3. www.pneumatics.com

4. www.fluidpower.com.tw 40

http://www.fluidpower.com.tw/


ADVANCED MECHANICAL COMPONENT DESIGN


4 0 3 Pre requisites: Material science and Mechanics of solids



1. design of mechanical components against creep and fracture

2. design of mechanical components process equipments

3. concepts of computer aided design and analysis of mechanical

components


1. explain various theories of ductile and brittle materials

2. analyze mechanical components against creep and fracture

3. analyze and design various components pressure vessels

4. analyze the gearbox

5. explain the concepts of computer aided design and analysis of

mechanical components

UNIT-I

Creep: Material behavior, stages of creep, creep strength, relaxation,

mathematical modeling of creep behavior-Maxwell model, Voigt-

Kelvin Model.

UNIT-II Fracture: Introduction, crack modes, stress intensity factor, fracture

toughness, plastic zone correction, J-Integral.

UNIT-III Design of cylindrical and spherical vessels : Thin and thick walled

cylinder analysis, design of end closers, design of standard and non-

standard flanges, design of vessels, design of supports for process

vessels.

UNIT-IV Design of thick walled high pressure vessels: Design by various theories

of failure, construction of these vessels with high strength steel and

other special methods. 41


UNIT-V Design of gearbox: Component of speed reducers, multi speed gear box,

speed changing, speed diagrams, kinematic arrangement, design of gear

box.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. P. Gope, “Machine design” ,1e, PHI, 2012.

2. M.V. Joshi and V V Mahajani, “Process Equipment Design” , 2e,

Mc-Millan India Ltd.,3e,2008.

3. T V Sundrarajamurthy and Shanmugam, “Machine Design” , 8e,

Anuradha Publications, 2007.

REFERENCES:

1. John, V. Harvey, "Pressure Vessel Design: Nuclear and Chemical

Applications", Affiliated East West Press Pvt. Ltd., 1969.

2. Prasanth Kumar, "Elements of Fracture Mechanics", Wheeler

Publishing, New Delhi-1999.

42


DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS

(Elective-II)


4 0 3 Pre requisites: Probability and Statistics



1. the effect of input factors on the output parameters

2. design of experiments by different methods

3. to develop regression models and response surface methods

Course Outcomes:


1. conduct the experiment by using factorial and fractional factorial

design

2. fit the best model for the given experimental data

3. check the adequacy of the regression model using ANOVA

4. optimize using response surface method

UNIT-I Strategy of experimentation: guidelines for designing experiments,

sampling and sampling distributions, hypothesis testing, choice of

sample size.

Experiments with single factor: analysis of variance, analysis of the

fixed effects model, model adequacy checking, sample computer output,

regression approach to the analysis of variance.

UNIT-II Factorial designs: principles, advantage of factorials, two-factor

factorial design, general factorial design, fitting response curves and

surfaces.

2k

factorial design: 22 design, 2

3 design, General 2

k design, single

replicate of 2k design.

UNIT-III Two-level fractional factorial designs: one-half fraction of 2

K design,

one-quarter fraction of 2K design, blocking replicated 2

K factorial

design, confounding in 2K factorial design

43


Three-level and mixed-level factorial design: 3K factorial design,

confounding in 3K factorial design, fractional replication of 3

K factorial

design, factorials with mixed levels.

UNIT-IV Regression models: Linear regression models, estimation of the

parameters, hypothesis testing in multiple regression, confidence

intervals in multiple regression, prediction of new response

observations, regression model diagnostics.

UNIT-V Response surface methods: introduction, method of steepest ascent,

analysis of second-order response surface, experimental designs for

fitting response surfaces.

TEXT BOOK:

1. D.C. Montgomery, “Design and Analysis of Experiments”, 5th

edition, John Wiley and sons, 2009.

REFERENCES:

1. D.C. Montgomery, “ Introduction to Statistical Quality Control”,

4th

edition, John Wiley and sons, 2001.

2. Angela Dean and Daniel Voss, “Design and Analysis of

Experiments”, Springer, 1999.

44


FAILURE ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

(Elective – II)


4 0 3 Pre requisites: Design of machine members



1. the failure analysis for the prediction of fatigue life problems

2. the glossary of the mechanical failure modes

3. the importance of the study of low cycle and high cycle fatigue

4. the modes of the fatigue crack failure

5. the Solutions of engineering approach towards plastic fracture

Course Outcomes:


1. analyze the role of models in design

2. analysis of the elastic plastic fracture mechanics

3. provide solutions for the prediction of fatigue life of finite and

infinite problems

4. explain significance of the Crack initiation and growth in fatigue

5. explain the role of different wears in fracture mechanics

UNIT- I Introduction, role of failure prevention analysis in mechanical design,

definition of design, challenge, some design objectives, definition of

failure mode, failure modes observed in practice, glossary of

mechanical failure modes

Introduction to fracture mechanics, an introduction to linear elastic

fracture mechanics, use of fracture mechanics design, elastic-plastic

fracture mechanics.

UNIT – II Introduction, historical remarks, nature of fatigue, fatigue loading,

laboratory fatigue testing, S-N-P curves, factors that affect S-N-P curves

using the factors in design, influence of non zero mean stress multi axial

fatigue stresses using multi axial fatigue failure theories.

Introduction, linear damage theory, cumulative damage theories, life

prediction based on local stress-strain and fracture mechanics concepts,

service loading simulation and full scale fatigue testing, damage

tolerance and fracture control. 45


UNIT – III Introduction, strain cycling concept, strain life curve and low cycle

fatigue relationships, influence of non zero mean strain and non zero

mean stress ,cumulative damage rule in low cycle fatigue.

UNIT – IV Introduction, prediction of long term creep behaviour, theories for

predicting creep behaviour, creep under uniaxial state of stress and

multi axial state of stress, cumulative creep concept, combined creep

and fatigue.

UNIT – V Introduction, variables of importance in the fretting process, fretting

fatigue, fretting wear, fretting corrosion, minimising or preventing

fretting damage.

Introduction, wear-adhesive, abrasive, corrosion, surface fatigue,

deformation, fretting impact, empirical model of zero linear, corrosion,

stress corrosion cracking.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Jack A.Collins, “Failure of Materials in Mechanical Design”, 2nd

edition, Wiley Interscience Publishers, 2013.

REFERENCES BOOKS:

1. Preshant Kumar, “Elements of Fracture Mechanics”, Wheeler

Publishing, 1999.

2. David Broek, Fifthoff and Noerdhoff, “Elementary Engineering

Fracture Mechanics”, 4th

edition, Springer Publishers, 2013.

46

COMPUTER AIDED PROCESS PLANNING

(Elective-II)


4 0 3 Pre requisites: Computer Aided Manufacturing



1. fundamentals of computer aided process planning

2. group technology and applications

3. simulation of machining processes

4. importance of design and manufacturing tolerances

5. role of optimal selection of machining parameters

Course Outcomes:


1. generate the structure of automated process planning system

2. use the principle of generative CAPP system for automation

3. predict the effect of machining parameters on production rate, cost

and surface quality

4. solve optimization models of machining processes

5. develop awareness about the concept of concurrent engineering

UNIT – I Introduction to CAPP: Information requirement for process planning

system, role of process planning, advantages of conventional process

planning over CAPP, structure of automated process planning system,

feature recognition, methods

Generative CAPP system: Importance, principle of generative CAPP

system, automation of logical decisions, knowledge based systems,

inference engine, implementation, benefits

Retrieval CAPP system: Significance, group technology, structure,

relative advantages, implementation, and applications

UNIT-II

Process planning and concurrent engineering: process planning, CAPP,

concurrent engineering, design for manufacturing, advanced

manufacturing planning

Selection of manufacturing sequence: Significance, alternative-

manufacturing processes, reduction of total set-up cost for a particular

sequence, quantitative methods for optimal selection, examples 47



UNIT –III

Determination of machining parameters: reasons for optimal selection

of machining parameters, effect of parameters on production rate, cost

and surface quality, different approaches, advantages of mathematical

approach over conventional approach, solving optimization models of

machining processes

Determination of manufacturing tolerances: design tolerances,

manufacturing tolerances, methods of tolerance allocation, sequential

approach, integration of design and manufacturing tolerances,

advantages of integrated approach over sequential approach

UNIT –IV

Generation of tool path: Simulation of machining processes, NC tool

path generation, graphical implementation, determination of optimal

index positions for executing fixed sequence, quantitative methods

UNIT –V

Implementation techniques for CAPP: MIPLAN system, Computer

programming languages for CAPP, criteria for selecting a CAPP system

and benefits of CAPP, computer integrated planning systems, and

capacity planning system

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Mikell P. Groover, “Automation, Production systems and Computer

Integrated Manufacturing”, 8th

edition, PHI, New Delhi, 2010 .

2. Dr. Sadhu Singh, “Computer Aided Design and manufacturing”,

Khanna publishers, 2000.

REFERENCES: 1. Change T C and Richard A Wysk, “An Introduction to automated

process planning systems”, Prentice Hall, 1985.

2. H.P. Wang and J.K. Li, “Computer Aided Process Planning”,

Elsevier Science and Technology Publishers, Ist edition, 1991.

48


COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS

(Elective-II)


4 0 3 Pre requisites: Fluid mechanics and Heat transfer



1. mathematical modeling of physical problems

2. basic features of finite difference and finite volume methods

3. numerical methods to solve transient one and two dimensional partial

differential equations

4. SIMPLE algorithm to solve Navier-Stokes equations

5. mathematical models for turbulent flows

Course Outcomes:


1. explain finite difference and finite volume methods

2. solve problems involving Navier-Stokes equations

3. solve problems involving turbulent flows

UNIT-I

Principles of conservation of mass and momentum – Dimensionless

form of equations – Simplified mathematical models for

incompressible, inviscid, potential and creeping flows, Boussinesq and

boundary layer approximations – Mathematical classification as

hyperbolic, parabolic and elliptic flows.

Approaches to fluid dynamical problems – Possibilities and limitations

of numerical methods – Components of numerical solution method:

Mathematical model, discretization method, coordinate and basis vector

systems, numerical grid, finite approximations, solution method,

convergence criteria, consistency, stability, convergence –

Discretization approaches: finite difference method, finite volume

method, finite element method.

UNIT-II Finite difference methods: Approximation of first, second and mixed

derivatives, uniform and non-uniform derivatives, implementation of

boundary conditions, discretization errors.

Finite volume methods: Approximation of surface and volume integrals

– Interpolation schemes: upwind differencing, central difference

scheme, quadratic upwind interpolation (QUICK) scheme –

Implementation of boundary conditions – Algebraic equation system.

49


UNIT-III Solution of linear algebraic equations: Guass elimination method,

Thomas algorithm for tri-diagonal system of equations.

Solution of transient one-dimensional differential equation: explicit

method, Crank-Nicolson implicit scheme.

Solution of unsteady two-dimensional differential equation: Alternating

Direction Implicit method.

UNIT-IV Solution of Navier-Stokes equations-I: Discretization of derivative

terms: convective and viscous terms, pressure and body force terms –

conservation properties.

Variable grid: Collocated arrangement, staggered arrangement

The pressure equation and its solution: A simple explicit time advance

scheme, a simple implicit time advance scheme - Stream function-

vorticity method.

UNIT-V Solution of Navier-Stokes equations-II: Implicit pressure correction

methods: SIMPLE and SIMPLER algorithms

Turbulent flows: Large eddy simulation (LES) – Reynolds averaged

Navier-Stokes equations – Simple turbulence models – Reynolds stress

model

Compressible flow: Pressure correction method, pressure-velocity-

density coupling, boundary conditions.

TEXT BOOK:

1. J. H, Ferziger and M. Peric, “Computational Methods for Fluid

Dynamics”, 3rd

Revised Edition, Springer, 2002.

REFERENCES:

1. C. Hirsch, “Numerical Computation of Internal and External Flows:

Volume 1, Fundamentals of Numerical Discretization”, 2nd

Edition,

John Wiley & Sons, 2007.

2. Patankar S.V., “Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow”, Taylor

and Francis, 2004.

3. H. K. Versteeg and W. Malalasekera, “An Introduction to

Computational Fluid Dynamics: the Finite Volume Method”,

Longman Scientific & Technical, 1996.

4. Fletcher C.A.J., “Computational Techniques for Fluid Dynamics”,

Vol. 2: Specific Techniques for Different Flow Categories”,

Springer-Verlag. 1998. 50


COMPUTER GRAPHICS

(Elective-II)


4 0 3

Pre requisites: Computer Aided Design



1. basics of colour raster scan display devices and draw lines and circles

on it

2. fill polygons and clip lines and polygons against a window

3. procedures for transformation, rendering and shading of objects

4. hidden line removal algorithms

Course Outcomes:


1. draw lines and circles on colour raster scan display devices

2. fill polygons and clip lines and polygons against a window

3. transform, render and shade objects

4. eliminate hidden lines and surfaces using algorithms

UNIT – I Transformations: Cartesian and homogeneous coordinate systems two

dimensional and three dimensional transformations – scaling, rotation,

shearing, zooming, viewing transformation, reflection, rotation about an

axis, concatenation.

UNIT –II Surface generation:Shape description requirements, parametric

functions, Bezier methods, Bezier curves, Bezier surfaces, B-Spline

methods.

Unit –III Mesh generation: Meshes, Mesh elements, types of mesh operations,

mesh representation, traversal operations , Face based mesh

representation, Half edge data structures, Constructing a mesh data

structure, constructing a half edge base mesh data structure, sub division

of surfaces, subdivision of splines, Constructing rules, Examples. 51


UNIT-IV Solid modelling:Introduction to solid modelling, Implicit representation:

primitives and skeletal elements, combination of fields – Boolean

operations, polygonization, Solids modelling by boundary

representation and CSG.

UNIT- V

Rendering and shading algorithms:Rendering: Hidden line removal

algorithms, surface removal algorithms, painters, Warnock, Z-buffer

algorithm.

Shading algorithms: Constant intensity algorithm, Phong‟s shading

algorithm, Gourand shading algorithm, comparison of shading

algorithms.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. D.F.Rogers , “Procedural elements for computer graphics”,

2e, TMH, 1998.

2. Donald Hearn & M.P. Bakers, “ Computer Graphics”, 2e,

Prentice-Hall, 1994

REFERENCES:

1. Harrington, “Computer graphics”, 2e, TMH, 1987.

2. Smartech.gatech.edu/bitstream/ handle.

52


AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES

(Elective-II)


4 0 3 Pre requisites: Mechanics of solids and Design of machine members


1. To provide the basic methodologies to design and analysis of aircraft

structures

2. To learn the different types of materials used for aircraft components

3. To apply the theory of beams and torsion to the design of aircraft

structure

Course Outcomes:


1. know the fundamentals of flight and the structure of aircraft

2. appreciate the difficulties in the actual design and manufacture of an

aircraft with emphasis on the frame

3. apply the theory of beams, plate buckling and torsion to the design of

aircraft structure

4. interpret properly test results and performance

UNIT-I Aircraft design process: introduction, phases of aircraft design, aircraft

conceptual design process, conceptual stage, preliminary design,

detailed design, design methodologies .

Introduction to aircraft structures: types of structural members of

fuselage and wing section ribs, spars, frames, stringers, longeron,

splices, sectional properties of structural members and their loads, types

of structural joints, type of loads on structural joints aircraft loads,

duration: aerodynamic loads, inertial loads, loads due to engine,

actuator loads, manoeuvre loads, gust loads, ground loads, ground

conditions, miscellaneous loads

UNIT-II Aircraft materials and manufacturing processes: material selection

criteria, aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, steel alloys, magnesium

alloys, copper alloys, nimonic alloys, non metallic materials, composite

materials, use of advanced materials, smart materials, manufacturing of

a/c structural members, overview of types of manufacturing processes

for composites.

Structural analysis of aircraft structures: theory of plates- analysis of

plates for bending, stresses due to bending, plate deflection under

different end conditions, strain energy due to bending of circular, 53


rectangular plates, plate buckling, compression buckling, shear

buckling, buckling due to in plane bending moments, analysis of

stiffened panels in buckling, rectangular plate buckling, analysis of

stiffened panels in post buckling, post buckling under shear.

UNIT-III Theory of beams-symmetric beams in pure bending, deflection of

beams, unsymmetrical beams in bending, plastic bending of beams,

shear stresses due to bending in thin walled beams, bending of open

section beams, bending of closed section beams, shear stresses due to

torsion in thin walled beams

UNIT-IV Theory of torsion- shafts of non-circular sections, torsion in closed

section beams, torsion in open section beams, multi cell sections, theory

of shells-analysis of shell panels for buckling, compression loading,

shear loading / shell shear factor, circumferential buckling stress.

UNIT-V Airworthiness and aircraft certification: definition, airworthiness

regulations, regulatory bodies, type certification, general requirements,

requirements related to aircraft design covers, performance and flight

requirements, airframe requirements, landing requirements, fatigue and

failsafe requirements, emergency provisions, emergency landing

requirements.

Aircraft structural repair: types of structural damage, non-conformance,

rework, repair, allowable damage limit, repairable damage limit,

overview of adl analysis, types of repair, repair considerations and best

practices.

TEXT BOOKS 1. Daniel P. Raymer, “Aircraft Design-A Conceptual Approach”, AIAA

education series, 6e, 2001.

2. Michael Niu, “Airframe Structural Design”, Conmilit Press, 2e, 1988.

3. Michael Niu, “Airframe Stress Analysis and Sizing”, Conmilit Press,

3e, 1999.

4. Frank Delp, Michael J. Kroes& William A. Watkins, “Aircraft

Maintenance & Repair”, Glencoe & McGraw-Hill,6e,1993.

5. Filippo De Florio, “An Introduction to Aircraft Certification; A Guide

to Understanding Jaa, Easa and FAA”, Butterworth-Heinemann

WEB RESOURCES 1. http://www.aero.org/

2. http://www.rl.af.mil/rrs/resources/griffiss_aeroclub/aircraft.html 54


ADVANCED MECHANICAL DESIGN LAB


0 3 2 Pre requisites: Theory of machines and Design of machine members

Course Educational Objective:

To impart hands on experience to the student in design and analysis of

mechanical components

Course Outcomes:


1. perform vibration measurements for any structure

2. fabricate the composites

3. perform static and dynamic balancing for various components

4. determine the bending and fatigue strength of materials

5. demonstrate gyroscopic effect

6. design, analyze and prepare fabrication drawings of mechanical

components

Note: Any TEN exercises from the following

1. Vibration measurements

2. Universal Testing Machine– Bending test

3. Composite Fabrication – Hand lay-up

4. Fatigue Testing Machine – Bending

5. Gyroscope

6. Static and dynamic balancing

7. Design of parts of IC Engine – crankshaft, connecting rod, piston,

valve gears

8. Design of power transmission systems – complete design of belt

drive and gear reducer and Drafting.

9. Creep test

10. Experiments using strain gauges

11. Load cell and strain gauge based study on cantilever

12. Inductive Pick up Strain Gauge based study on cantilever

55

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