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Multi-Messenger approach in IceCube E. Resconi
(Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg)
LAUNCH, Heidelberg, 21-23 March 2007
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Multi-messenger
Phase 1:Use cosmic rays + photons information
HE neutrino sources identification (discovery !)
Phase 2:Use cosmic rays + photons + neutrinos
study hadronic interactions in astrophysical sites
cosmic ray origin
acceleration mechanisms
Elisa Resconi
CR
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Multi-messenger
Phase 1:Use cosmic rays + photons information
HE neutrino sources identification (discovery !)
Elisa Resconi
On-going activities Future (realistic) prospectives
CR
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IceCube Observables
Elisa Resconi
Arrivaltime
Incomingdirection
Estimatedenergy
AMANDA AMANDA+IceCube
~ 5-7 nsec ~ 3 nsec
2° - 3° < 1°
± 0.5 order of magnitude
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IceCube Methods
1. The diffuse flux
Proton luminosity Upper bound HE flux
K. Mannheim, R.J. Protheroe, J. P. Rachen, Phys.Rev. D63 (2001) 023003
AMANDA-II 4 yearsCosmic Rays Neutrinos
IceCube 1 year
W&B
MPR
Multi-messenger argument
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2. The point source search (time integrated)
IceCube Methods
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2. The point source search (time integrated)
AMANDA-II: 2000-2004 (1001 live days),
4282from northern hemisphere
24h 0h
15o
30o
45o
60o
75o
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
33
2
1
0
-1
-2
No significant excess found
IceCube Methods
The IceCube coll., astro-ph/0611063,
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2. The point source search (time integrated)
IceCube Methods
Non-thermal activity Single source candidate
Multi-messenger argument
Active Galactic Nuclei
Mkn 421 6 / 7.37 0.42 Mkn 501 8 / 6.39 0.851ES1959+650 5 / 4.77 0.78
3C273 8 / 4.72 1.00M87 6 / 6.08 0.49
Nr. Observed / Nr. expected
Flux Upper Limit10-7 GeV cm-2 s-1
32 sources pre-selected
The IceCube coll., astro-ph/0611063
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2. The point source search (time integrated)
IceCube Methods
Non-thermal activity Single source candidate
Multi-messenger argument
X-ray BinarySystems
SS433 4 / 6.14 0.27LSI +61 303 5 / 4.81 0.74
Cyg X-1 8 / 7.01 0.77Cyg X-3 7 / 6.48 0.68
Nr. Observed / Nr. expected
Flux Upper Limit10-7 GeV cm-2 s-1
The IceCube coll., astro-ph/0611063
32 sources pre-selected
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2. The point source search (time integrated)
IceCube Methods
3C273
M. Ackermann, PhD Thesis
AMANDA-II Limits, 1001 days
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4. the point source search time optimized
Non-thermal activity Single source candidate
Multi-messenger arguments
Transient behavior Search for transient
Variability in astrophysics: an old problem
a plethora of methods
IceCube Methods
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4. the point source search time optimized
Phenomenology: selection of the “proxy” waveband(s)
Statistics: light curve combination / interpretation
Data Analysis: detection probability improvement
IceCube Methods
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4. the point source search time optimized
IceCube Methods
Mkn 421Mkn 5011ES1959+650
X- and -rays
3C273 Radio and X-rays
Active Galactic Nuclei
Phenomenology: selection of the “proxy” waveband(s)
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4. the point source search time optimized
IceCube Methods
SS433LSI +61 303Cyg X-1Cyg X-3…..
RadioPeriodicity (multiwavelength)
Selection of the “proxy” waveband(s)
X-ray BinarySystems
Phenomenology: selection of the “proxy” waveband(s)
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4. the point source search time optimizedStatistics: light curve combination M. Tluczykont et al., JoP 60 (2007) 318-320
IceCube Methods
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4. the point source search time optimized Statistics: light curve interpretationE.R. et al., JoP 60 (2007) 223-226
IceCube Methods
Time
Rat
eMaximum Likelihood Blocks:
Light curve … … into time intervals … in which count rate constant
(with a specified confidence)
Based on maximum-likelihood (iterative)
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4. the point source search time optimizedStatistics: light curve interpretationE.R. et al., JoP 60 (2007) 223-226
IceCube Methods
RXTE-ASMMLBsRXTE-PCA
E.R., L. Costamante, A. Gross
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IceCube Methods
Flares
Errors related to the “degree of extrapolation” Less data, more extrapolation, bigger errors Non-gaussian shape (Mkn421, Mkn501, 1ES1959+650, PKS2155) Most-Probable-Value (MPV) as characteristic level
IceCube Methods
E.R., L. Costamante, A. Gross
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IceCube Methods
Time windows of HE emission: neutrinos ??
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Good X- correlation “orphan” flare: difficult to be accommodated in leptonic models
The hint: 1ES1959+650
X-ray: ASM, PCA
-ray: Whipple
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4. the point source search time optimized
IceCube Methods
Data Analysis: detection probability improvement
P. Berghaus
Preliminary
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4. the point source search time optimized
IceCube Methods
Next tests:
Mkn501, 1997, AMANDA-B10 2005 – 2006, AMANDA-II 2007, AMANDA+IceCube23
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5.
Future Prospective
On-line Strategies
Significant NeutrinoObservation
Neutrino Trigger of Multi-wavelength Campaign
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5.
Future Prospective:prototype test
Prototype-test already done! NToT(see E. Bernardini et al …)
AMANDA – MAGIC• Alerts sent• Reaction within one day
27th September to 27th November 2006
( E. Bernardini et al., astro-ph/0509396 )
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Future Prospective
Large Field of View: ~2High Duty Cycle (60-70%)
Off-line efforts for optimal searches
CR
Multi-Messenger Arguments:
CR energetic Multi-wavelength picture of non-thermal sources Models …..
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Future Prospective
Large Field of View: ~2High Duty Cycle (60-70%)
On-line efforts: go to phase 2
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“ Perfect ” place to pursued this type of physics
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2. The point source search (time integrated)
IceCube Methods
Multi-messenger argument
The IceCube coll., astro-ph/0611063