MULTICULTURALISM IN CANADA!

A mosaic of different cultures and identities united in their love for Canada

Arundati, Constantine, Laurel, Lisel, & Mushtaq

VIDEO OF A BOOK TRAILER “MIGRATION NATION”

Sit back and enjoy this book trailer of an upcoming book that will touch on the similar topics that we will be talking about today in our presentation, and set the context for our lecture on Multiculturalism!

BOOK TRAILER “MIGRATION NATION” Sit back and enjoy this book trailer that touches on topics that will be in our presentation, setting the context for Multiculturalism in Canada!

Canada’s Story of Multiculturalism

● 2 major triggers

○ Canada’s labour shortages

○ wide criticism of the American Assimilation

● 1st country to adopt a “multiculturalism” policy

○ Affirmed the value and dignity of ALL Canadians

○ Every race, language, ethnic origin, religious affiliation

○ All citizens keep their identities, ancestral backgrounds

Canadian Immigration

• In 2010, over 250,000 people immigrated to Canada

• Among the highest immigration rates per capita

• Far more naturalized citizens than any other nation

• Historically, immigration has been a sustaining feature

What is a salad bowl? Why Canada?

• Americans assimilate / melt– One American dream– Homogenous country

• Canadians preserve all cultures / salad bowl– Differing Canadian aspirations– Proudly heterogenous nation– Canada’s multiculturalism is linked with national pride!

Approach to Canada’s Multiculturalism

We explored:•Attachment to Canada and sub groups

– examining how Canada is united yet separate•Pride in Multiculturalism

– examining the importance of multiculturalism to personal and collective pride

•Multiculturalism as an asset and a success– Global influence and attraction– Economic resource

Canada is Provincial and Patriotic!

• Canadians feel united, identifying with their province and country, but a large proportion feel attached to other groups as well.

n= 2021

Canada believes in Multiculturalism!

Inversely, 67% of Canadians Agree with the statement “People with different ethnic and religious backgrounds than the majority make an important contribution to our society”

n=2021

Attachment to Canada and Multiculturalism

n= 2201

The relationship above shows that most Canadians are both Attached to Canada and believe Multiculturalism is an important source of collective pride..

The young are proud of Multiculturalism!

n=2203% Very Important or Somewhat Important % Very Attached or Somewhat Attached

Quebec Lower on Attachment, Lowest on Multiculturalism as a Source of Pride

n=2203% Very Important or Somewhat Important % Very Attached or Somewhat Attached

Atlantic Provinces: more open to Multiculturalism!

n= 2203% Strongly or Somewhat Disagree

Multilingual speakers value multiculturalism.

French least likely to feel attached.

n=2203% Very Important or Somewhat Important % Very Attached or Somewhat Attached

Native French Speakers Worry about Loss of Language and Culture

n=2203% Strongly or Somewhat Agree

Multiculturalism based on Income Level

n=2203% Very Important or Somewhat Important % Very Attached or Somewhat Attached

Male vs Female Multiculturalism

n=2203% Very Important or Somewhat Important % Very Attached or Somewhat Attached

Multiculturalism:“Central” to Canadian Identity Top priorities for English-speaking Canadians:

Universal Health care

The Canadian Flag

MulticulturalismHockey

RCMP Mounties

The Queen

- The Economist, 2014

3 Canadian Cities are Immigrant Havens

“First-generation immigrants make up a bigger share of Toronto’s and Vancouver’s populations than in many of the world’s great cosmopolitan cities.” The Economist

Canada Overcomes Odds to Remain the Top Country for Immigrants

Canada in 2015 expects 285,000 new immigrants

Economic immigrants: 64.9%Family class: 24.4 %Humanitarian and compassionate: 10.7%

Canada vs. the rest of the world

In Canada, as we have seen, Multiculturalism has been an effective measure and influencer of the nation’s sentiment and people’s attitudes towards the country. The concept however has been unable to take off as successfully/peacefully in other nations:

●Americas (US)●Europe

○ France○ Germany (multikulti) ○ UK○ Scandinavia○ Netherlands○ Austria

“In this ground-breaking book Melanie Phillips pieces together the story of how Londonistan developed as a result of the collapse of traditional English identity and accommodation of a particularly virulent form of multiculturalism. Londonistan has become a country within the country and not only threatens Britain but its special relationship with the U.S. as well.” From the book blurb of Londonistan

Challenges facing MulticulturalismBacklash in an age of global and economic insecurity; culture under attack!

Like in the Salad days of Multiculturalism...

● Canadians attached to nation AND sub-groups

● Atlantic region is more open to new cultures

● The young are pro-multiculturalism

● Lower-income-group favour multiculturalism ○ Pro government social assistance

● Multilinguists/bilinguals more multicultural

● More females proud of multiculturalism

● Canadian indicators of attachment to nation!

●Canada’s multiculturalism = salad bowl○ unity + separation○ immigration as a resource ○ general openness and mindset ○ economic success

●Multiculturalism as unique resource ○ Canada’s global business relationships○ Socio-economic development

Understanding the Future of Multiculturalism in Canada

Maybe Multiculturalism is just an Attitude“It is not the laws that create how you feel about where you live and whether you belong; it is other people… It is your school and your church and the people you meet in the park and have eye contact with on a bus. Then of course, you participate as a taxpayer, as somebody who can enrol in swimming classes or join the YMCA. That is what makes you feel a part of your immediate surroundings.

It implies that we are citizens within the context of other citizens.”

Adrienne Clarkson, Former Governor-General of Canada and author of Belonging: The Paradox of Citizenship (House of Anansi, 2014)

Thank you!

Works Cited and Bibliography

“Attachment Survey November 2012.” The Association for Canadian Studies (ACS). Retrieved November 25, 2014 from Blackboard. The Association for Canadian Studies (ACS). “Multiculturalism, Interculturalism and Cross Cultural Understanding:Communities and Stakeholders.” (2012). Retrieved November 25, 2014, from http://www.acs-aec.ca/en/publications/canadian-diversity/Bolongoro, Kait. “Is multiculturalism good for Europe?” (2014). Retrieved November 20, 2014, from http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2013/12/multiculturalism-good-europe-2013123045413908478.htmlCitizenship and Immigration Canada. “The Current State of Multiculturalism in Canada and Research themes on Canadian Multiculturalism 2008–2010” (2014). Retrieved November 25, 2014, from http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/pdf/pub/multi-state.pdfClarkson, Adrienne (Toronto: House of Anansi, 2014). Belonging: The Paradox of Citizenship. “Migration Nation.” ( Toronto: Environics Institute, 2014), Retrieved November 25, 2014. from http://www.migrationnation.ca/ “The More the Merrier : The Debates over immigration are often toxic. Not in Canada.” (2014, January 18). Retrieved November 25, 2014, from http://www.economist.com/news/americas/21594328-debates-over-immigration-are-often-toxic-not-canada-more-merrierAlgonquin Times “Fixing the Nurse Shortage” (2011). Retrieved November 25, 2014. “Q&A with Randall Hansen: Major Debates and Challenges In Immigration -- Canada and Europe” Retrieved November 25, 2014.“Canadians show ambiguity towards Multiculturalism” (2011) Retreived November 16, 2014 from http://www.theglobeandmail.com/globe-debate/editorials/canadians-show-ambiguity-towards-multiculturalism/article557392/