Multiplication Video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Xi2Nc1UicQ

9.2 Bacteria

Anthrax

PlagueTetanus

Staph

Lyme Disease

MRSA

A. Bacteria are ______________; living, single-celled organisms!

They are carried from place to place in _____, _________, or on the _____________ of objects.

Some can move by flicking whip-like _____________.

prokaryotes

Typical Animal Cell Typical Bacterium

Eukaryote Prokaryote

air water

surfaces

flagella

1. The genetic material of prokaryotes is not contained in a______________.

2. Prokaryotes have no cell organelles other than _________________.

nucleus

ribosomes

Eukaryote Prokaryote

3. All living things must have food (energy source) to survive.

a. __________ - make their own food one of _____ ways:

•Using the sun’s energy (photosynthesis)

•Using chemical energy

(chemosynthesis)

Autotrophs two

b. _______________ - consume other organisms. Ex) ______________Heterotrophs Decomposers

cellular respirationOxygen

*** Remember, all living cells do _____________________, which requires ___________.

B. Bacteria Shapes

1. ________________________Rod-like (Bacillus)

2. _________________________Spherical (Coccus)

3. ________________________Spiral (Spirillus)

C. Reproduction - Bacteria can reproduce two ways:

1. Asexual reproduction is accomplished through __________ __________.

a. One parent divides to produce two _____________ bacteria.

This ________ genetic diversity.

binary

identical

fission

limits

2. Sexual reproduction is accomplished through _________________.

a. Two parents produce new organisms that _____________ their

genes from each parent.

This ___________ genetic diversity.

conjugation

inherit

increases

D. Bacteria and Us – Reasons to be glad bacteria are out there!

1. Oxygen production

a. A great deal of Earth’s ___________ is produced by

bacteria, and other photosynthesizing autotrophs.

oxygen

2. Natural recyclers

a. _________________ are

heterotrophic bacteria that

break down large chemicals

in dead organisms into small

chemicals.

b. These chemicals are

returned to the

__________ for other

organisms to use.

Decomposers

soil

3. Food Production – pasteurization of dairy products.

a. _____________________ b. ___________________

c. ____________________ d. ____________________

butter cheese

yogurt kefir

4. Your body

a. Good bacteria on your body _____________ _____ ___________

with bad bacteria.

compete for space

b. Good bacteria in your _________________ help digest food.

intestines

http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=df103fa0-40ec-4d80-b94a-9c039db80c28

c. Recall that bacteria are frequently used in __________________.

Ex) production of human insulin

genetic engineering

Skin as a Barrier

http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=5f74f4b1-347a-49e3-a516-b4f24e6e7e51

Fun Fact!!!The ____________ toxin produced by bacteria in poorly-preserved

canned or jarred food, is used in small doses in __________ injections as a way to temporarily paralyze muscles.

botulismbotox

5. Bacteria and Disease

a. Bacteria that cause disease make up less than ____________

of known bacteria species.

one percent

Dino Disease?

http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=abbebdc3-7395-4abc-9be6-43f3e6fca5b9

b. Because they are _________, bacteria can be ____________,

using _______________.

c. Antibiotics are ________ that are typically produced by _________,

which have been competing with bacteria on Earth for ______________

of years in the world’s oldest “Arms Race”

Ex) Penicillin

alive killed

antibiotics

toxins fungi

billions

d. There are drawbacks to using antibiotics:- antibiotics can also kill the ______ bacteria in our bodies- antibiotics can cause unwanted ____________.- over-use of antibiotics can lead to the _____________ of

antibiotic-____________ bacteria which can withstand our strongest medicines.

good

side effectsevolution

resistant

Incorrect antibiotic use kills all but the “strongest bacteria”

Ex) MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus-aureus)

Antibiotic Resistance

http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=e852a83c-8149-4d4e-8181-439511cbc0cd

Quiz (who was listening? )• Are bacteria alive?• Do bacteria cells have a nucleus?• What is it called when bacteria reproduce asexually?

• Are all bacteria harmful?• Name one way that bacterial can be helpful:

• Name one antibiotic:• Complete this sentence:

– “When antibiotics are used incorrectly, they kill off the weakest bacteria in a sick person, leaving the ____________ ones to survive and reproduce”

– http://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeterinary/SafetyHealth/AntimicrobialResistance/ucm134359.htm

• http://www.fda.gov/downloads/AnimalVeterinary/SafetyHealth/AntimicrobialResistance/UCM134417.wmv