Book Title

DOLOR SET AMET

LOREM IPSUM

CHAPTER 1

Muscular System

MUSCULAR SYSTEM

Vocabulary

Abduction is the movement away from the medial plane. An example being moving your arms away from your body.

Adduction is the movement towards the median plane. An example being moving your arms towards your body.

Agonist is the primary mover of a joint.

Antagonist opposes the movement of the agonist.

Ambulation is the movement from one plane to another. A fancy way of saying moving.

Extension the increasing angle between body parts.

Flexion is the opposite of extension; the decreasing angle between body parts.

Synergist adds extra force by indirectly aiding the agonist.

Sarcomere is the most basic unit of a muscle cell.

Muscles are always found in pairs; these pairs are known as agonist and antagonist. These muscles work together to flex and contract. Some examples of agonist and antagonist muscles are the biceps and triceps. The biceps are the agonist because they are con-tracted as you flex and the triceps are the antagonist be-cause they become re-laxed.

The sarcomere is re-sponsible for all move-ment and make up each and every muscle cell. There are two main parts of the sarcomere; the actin and the myosin. The myosin is a thick fila-ment that binds together with the actin (a thin filament) to cre-ate a bridge that shortens as muscles contract. It takes ATP (or energy) to help the myosin release from the actin.

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THE 3 TYPES OF MUSCLES

1. Skeletal

The skeletal muscle is meant to provide for all voluntary movements. It attaches to bones (aka why it’s called the skeletal muscle). It is striated, long, and cylindrical.

2. Cardiac

The cardiac muscle is located around the heart and only the heart. It is an involuntary muscle and pumps blood through the blood vessels. They are branched out, striated, and made up of a chain of cells.

3. Smooth

The smooth muscle is responsible for all other involuntary movement. Including breathing, blinking, and digestion. It lines hollow organs and blood vessels. Smooth muscles as as the name applies; smooth (no striations) and single cells.

MUSCULAR SYSTEM

Muscle Types

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