Musculo-Skeletal System

Role of the Musculo-skeletal System

• To provide support & protection for our organs

• Allows movement

Sections of the Skeleton

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Functions of Each Section

• All bones provide the function of support.

Additionally:

• Head: protection for our brain• Spinal Column: rotation, flexibility• Thorax: protects lungs and heart• Upper & Lower Limbs: bones act as levers for

lifting and walking; bone marrow stores important minerals; bone marrow produces red blood cells

Joints

• Roles of joints:– Links bones

together (ligaments)– Helps with mobility

(moving) (tendons)

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Types of Joint Movement p225

• Rotation

• Flexion and extension

Antagonistic Muscles

• Antagonistic muscles are muscles that act in opposite ways.

• i.e. Biceps and triceps

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Types of Muscles

• There are three main types of muscles: Skeletal, cardiac, smooth

• Different by structure, function and endurance.

• Where each type is found in the body depends on what it is used for

Muscle Fibers

• Look like:

• Striated muscles have stripes

• Unstriated have no stripes

• Skeletal muscle- Striated- we have voluntary control- good for short term, strength- in our arms, legs, back, abs, etc

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• Cardiac (heart) muscle- striated (the arrow points to it)- is involuntary- for long term endurance and strength- found in our heart

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• Smooth Muscle- unstriated- for involuntary muscle contractions (like in our digestive tract)

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Major Muscle Groups

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