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Welcome to 1981- 1991 Welcome to 1981- 1991

Curator’s Offices

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Curator’s Office

Contact me at [Your linked email address]

Parker McClellan is a professor at the national school of the cold war. She has her masters on the cold war and specializes in the area of 1981- 1991. She created this hall for this museum because she has lots of free time and loves projects.

Parker McClellan

Note: Virtual museums were first introduced by educators at Keith Valley Middle School in Horsham, Pennsylvania. This template was designed by Dr. Christy Keeler. View the Educational Virtual Museums website for more information on this instructional technique.

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http://www.hatboro-horsham.org/4067362111456/FileLib/browse.asp?A=374&BMDRN=2000&BCOB=0&C=51541

http://www.keelers.com/christy

http://christykeeler.com/EducationalVirtualMuseums.html

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President Reagan entered office in January 1981, In foreign policy, Reagan sought to achieve "peace through strength." During his two terms he increased defense spending 35 percent, but sought to improve relations with the Soviet Union. In dramatic meetings with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, he negotiated a treaty that would eliminate intermediate-range nuclear missiles. Reagan declared war against international terrorism, sending American bombers against Libya after evidence came out that Libya was involved in an attack on American soldiers in a West Berlin nightclub.

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Artifact 1

"Ronald Reagan Photos." abc news. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. <http://abcnews.go.com/topics/news/us/ronald-reagan.htm?mediatype=Image>.

"timeline of events in the cold war." wikipedia. N.p., 13 Apr. 2014. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_events_in_the_Cold_War>.

1981January 20: Iran hostage crisis ends. On November 4, 1979, an angry mob of some 300 to 500 "students" who called themselves "Imam's Disciples," laid siege to the American Embassy in Teheran, Iran, to capture and hold hostage 66 U.S. citizens and diplomats. Although women and African-Americans were released a short time later, 51 hostages remained imprisoned for 444 days with another individual released because of illness midway through the ordeal.

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Artifact 2

"Key Players Recall Iranian Hostage Crisis." . N.p., 20 Jan. 2006. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. <http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5164569>.

"Key Players Recall Iranian Hostage Crisis." . N.p., 20 Jan. 2006. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. <http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5164569>.

1982June 6: Israel invades Lebanon to end raids and clashes with Syrian troops based there. The 1982 Lebanon War began on 6 June 1982, when the Israel Defense Forces invaded southern Lebanon. The Government of Israel launched the military operation after the Abu Nidal Organization's assassination attempt against Israel's ambassador to the United Kingdom, Shlomo Argov, which was used by Israel's prime minister Menachem Begin as justification for the invasion. This justification for the Lebanon invasion by Israel has been criticized given the 1974 split between the Abu Nidal Organization and Arafat's PLO, that Abu Nidal was Arafat's mortal Palestinian enemy, that at the time its agents were also seeking to assassinate Fatah officials, and that it was based in Syria and not in Lebanon

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Paterson, robin. "port luis." robin Paterson. N.p., 1 Jan. 2012. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. <>.

1986February 25: The People Power Revolution takes place in the Philippines, overthrowing Ferdinand Marcos, dictator since 1965. First female president, Corazon Aquino takes power.

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1982April 2: Argentina invades the Falkland Islands, starting the Falklands War. Fought in 1982, the Falklands War was the result of the Argentine invasion of the British-owned Falkland Islands. Located in the South Atlantic, Argentina had long claimed these islands as part of its territory. On April 2, 1982, Argentine forces landed in the Falklands, capturing the islands two days later. In response, the British dispatched a naval and amphibious task force to the area. The initial phases of the conflict occurred mainly at sea between elements of the Royal Navy and the Argentine Air Force. Argentina occupiers surrendered. Return to

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1983January: Soviet spy Dieter Gerhardt is arrested in New York. is a former commodore in the South African Navy and commander of the strategic Simon's Town naval dockyard. He was arrested by the FBI in New York in 1983 following information obtained from a Soviet defector. He was convicted of high treason as a Soviet spy in South Africa together with his second wife, Ruth, who had acted as his courier. Both were released prior to the change of government following the 1994 general election.

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1983October 25: U.S. forces invade the Caribbean island of Grenada in an attempt to overthrow the Marxist military government, expel Cuban troops, and abort the construction of a Soviet-funded airstrip.

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1985March 11: Mikhail Gorbachev becomes leader of the Soviet Union Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (born March 2, 1931, Privolye, Stavropol kray, Russia, U.S.S.R.), Soviet official, the general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) from 1985 to 1991 and president of the Soviet Union in 1990–91. His efforts to democratize his country’s political system and decentralize its economy led to the downfall of communism and the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991. In part because he ended the Soviet Union’s postwar domination of eastern Europe, Gorbachev was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1990.

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Radyuhin, Vladimir . "Delhi Declaration still relevant, says Mikhail Gorbachev ." the hindu. N.p., 1 Mar. 2006. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. <http://www.hindu.com/2006/03/01/stories/2006030101761500.htm>.

1989January 20: George H. W. Bush is inaugurated as 41st President of the United States. After receiving a phone call from Boris Yeltsin, delivers a Christmas Day speech acknowledging the end of the Cold War.

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"honoring nelson Mandela." huff post impact. N.p., 3 Dec. 2013. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. <http://www.huffingtonpost.com/george-h-w-bush/honoring-nelson-mandela_1_b_4377877.html>.

"soviet war in Afghanistan." Wikipedia. N.p., 14 Apr. 2014. Web. 22 Apr. 2014.

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_war_in_Afghanistan>.

1989February 2: Soviet troops withdraw from Afghanistan. In December 1979, Soviet troops first entered Afghanistan in an attempt to bolster the communist, pro-Soviet government threatened by internal rebellion. In a short period of time, thousands of Russian troops and support materials poured into Afghanistan. Thus began a frustrating military conflict with Afghan Muslim rebels, who despised their own nation's communist government and the Soviet troops supporting it. During the next eight years, the two sides battled for control in Afghanistan, with neither the Soviets nor the rebels ever able to gain a decisive victory.

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"Coat of Arms of the New Warsaw Pact ." . N.p., n.d. Web. . <redrich1917.deviantart.com>.

1991July: Warsaw Pact is formally dissolved.The Warsaw Pact was formed in 1955, primarily as a response to the decision by the United States and its western European allies to include a rearmed West Germany in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). NATO had begun in 1949 as a defensive military alliance between the United States, Canada, and several European nations to thwart possible Soviet expansion into Western Europe. In 1954, NATO nations voted to allow a rearmed West Germany into the organization. The Soviets responded with the establishment of the Warsaw Pact. The original members included the Soviet Union, East Germany, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, and Albania.

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"Third String Goalie." . N.p., n.d. Web. . <thirdstringgoalie.blogspot.com->.

1991December 25: Mikhail Gorbachev resigned as President of the USSR. The hammer and sickle is lowered for the last time over the Kremlin. just four days earlier, 11 of the former Soviet republics had established the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), effectively dismembering the USSR. The Soviet Union, for all intents and purposes, had already ceased to exist.

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"russia in soviet union." wikia. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. <http://althistory.wikia.com/wiki/File:Location_of_Russia_in

_the_Soviet_Union_(New_Union).png>.

1991December 31: All Soviet institutions cease operations. The USSR, facing massive economic difficulties, wanted to reduce the costly arms race with the U.S. President Ronald Reagan, although peaceful confrontation and arms buildups throughout much of his term prevented the USSR from cutting back its military spending as much as it might have liked. Regardless, the USSR began to crumble as liberal reforms proved difficult to handle and capitalist changes to the centralized economy were badly transitioned and caused major problems. After a series of revolutions in Soviet Bloc states, and a failed coup by conservative elements opposed to the ongoing reforms, the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991.

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"Page Restricted." Page Restricted. N.p., n.d. Web. . <http://cb.iphantom.com/block/restricted.html?

fn=CC_Students&fp=2&bu=cadenagramonte.cu&bc=".cu"%20Domain%20Extension&ip=98.195.101.183>.

1987September 10: The Battle of Cuito Cuanavale, Angola begins and further intensifies the South African Border War.the Armed Forces for the Liberation of Angola (FAPLA), in an attempt to destroy the guerrillas of UNITA (the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola), advanced into southeastern Angola from Cuito Cuanavale to attack UNITA at Mavinga.

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Global Village Academies." International Day-France –. N.p., n.d. Web. .

<http://www.globalvillageacademy.org/apps/events/2014/2/21/1647034/?id=3>.

1986February 13: France launches Operation Epervier (Sparrowhawk) in an effort to repulse the Libyan invasion of Chad. Operation Epervier is the codename for the ongoing French military presence in Chad.

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chin, kyle. "peace." shenzen standard. kyle chin, 9 Feb. 2012. Web. 22 Apr. 2014.

<http://www.shenzhen-standard.com/2012/02/09/peace/>.

1991The cold war officially ends (:

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