1.Types of edibleTypes of edible mushroommushroom

2. Historical BackgroundHistorical Background of Mushroom Cultureof Mushroom Culture in the Philippinesin the Philippines A long time ago mushroomsA long time ago mushrooms were believe to be a fruit ofwere believe to be a fruit of thunderboltthunderbolt The Chinese introduceThe Chinese introduce mushroom culture in themushroom culture in the Philippines and it started inPhilippines and it started in Pampanga in the early 1900sPampanga in the early 1900s 3. UP College of agricultureUP College of agriculture developed scientificdeveloped scientific method by using spawnsmethod by using spawns in 1916in 1916 The National Science and DevelopmentThe National Science and Development Board (NSDB), the National ResearchBoard (NSDB), the National Research Council of the Philippines (NRCP) andCouncil of the Philippines (NRCP) and Philippines Council for AgriculturePhilippines Council for Agriculture Resources Research and DevelopmentResources Research and Development (PCARRD) were financed research of(PCARRD) were financed research of Department of Plant Pathology in UPLBDepartment of Plant Pathology in UPLB to improve the technology of mushroomto improve the technology of mushroom cultureculture 4. EtymologyEtymology o Pinagmulano Pinagmulan AgriAgri LatinLatin Field (English)Field (English) BUKID (Tagalog)BUKID (Tagalog) CultureCulture Latin (Cultura)Latin (Cultura) CultivateCultivate (English(English)) Tagalog - Paglilinang,Tagalog - Paglilinang, Pagbubungkal,Pagbubungkal, Pag-aararo ng lupa/Pag-aararo ng lupa/ bukidbukid 5. Agaricus BisporusAgaricus Bisporus (Button Mushroom)(Button Mushroom) 6. AuriculariaAuricularia (the ear fungi)(the ear fungi) 7. GanodermaGanoderma (Medicinal Mushroom)(Medicinal Mushroom) 8. Lentinus edodesLentinus edodes (Shitake)(Shitake) 9. PPleurotus spp.leurotus spp. (Florida-Angel Mushroom)(Florida-Angel Mushroom) 10. PPleurotus spp.leurotus spp. (Abalone)(Abalone) 11. Black OysterBlack Oyster White OysterWhite Oyster Pink OysterPink Oyster 12. Volvariella VolvaceaVolvariella Volvacea (The Straw Mushroom)(The Straw Mushroom) 13. Mushroom Life CycleMushroom Life Cycle 14. Mushroom TissueMushroom Tissue Culture and CultivationCulture and Cultivation 15. Nutrition Facts (per 100 grams*) of Volvariela: the Straw Mushroom Ascorbic acid 8.0 Ash, gram 1.0 Calcium mg. 3.0 Fat g. 0.6 Fiber g. 1.2 Food Energy Cal. 39 Iron mg. 1.7 Moisture, % 87.7 Niacin, mg. 8.3 Phosphorous, mg. 94.0 Protein, g. 3.8 Riboflavin, mg. 0.17 Thiamine, mg. 0.11 Total carbohydrates 6.0 *Source: Food & Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI) Handbook, 3rd Edition 1964. Tropical Mushrooms Biological and Cultivation Method, 1983. 16. Volvariella VolvaceaVolvariella Volvacea (The Straw Mushroom)(The Straw Mushroom) 17. Small BundlesSmall Bundles Gathering of driedGathering of dried banana leavesbanana leaves 18. 1212 inchesinches 6 inches6 inches 19. BundlingBundling 20. PreparationPreparation for soakingfor soaking Filling ofFilling of waterwater 21. Unloading of SoakedUnloading of Soaked SubstrateSubstrate 22. LayeringLayering 23. Covering of Plastic for IncubationCovering of Plastic for Incubation 24. Incubation StageIncubation Stage 25. JacketingJacketing 26. 10 days Primordia10 days Primordia AppearanceAppearance 27. Spot Gathering ofSpot Gathering of Harvestable FruitHarvestable Fruit 28. Cleaned fruit ready for marketCleaned fruit ready for market 29. Cost and Return Analysis to obtain 225* kgs of FreshCost and Return Analysis to obtain 225* kgs of Fresh Straw (Volvariella) Mushroom @ PhP.80.00 farm gateStraw (Volvariella) Mushroom @ PhP.80.00 farm gate price that will translate into PhP. 10,071.00* monthlyprice that will translate into PhP. 10,071.00* monthly income of individual cooperators/growersincome of individual cooperators/growers 1.1. Bundled dry banana leaves (BDBL) or riceBundled dry banana leaves (BDBL) or rice straw, 6straw, 6 inches in diameter x 12 inches length 90 inches in diameter x 12 inches length 90 bundled @ PhP.1.00/bundlebundled @ PhP.1.00/bundle PhP.PhP. 90.0090.00 2. Spawns, 3-bags @ PhP20.00/bag2. Spawns, 3-bags @ PhP20.00/bag 60.0060.00 A.A.Materials Needed for 1.0 ft. (width) x 2.0 ft. (height) xMaterials Needed for 1.0 ft. (width) x 2.0 ft. (height) x 3.00 meters (length) of mushroom bed:3.00 meters (length) of mushroom bed: 30. 3.3. Plastic Sheets, plastic lining in sugar sackPlastic Sheets, plastic lining in sugar sack or fertilizeror fertilizer is the ideal, 1.00 kg can cover 10-metersis the ideal, 1.00 kg can cover 10-meters bed length @ PhP25.00 per kilo, for 3.00bed length @ PhP25.00 per kilo, for 3.00 meter bed lengthmeter bed length 7.507.50 4.4. Pegs. 1-bamboo pole x 30 feet length @Pegs. 1-bamboo pole x 30 feet length @ PhP100.00 perPhP100.00 per pole=PhP3.33 per ft. x 10 ft. = Php33.33pole=PhP3.33 per ft. x 10 ft. = Php33.33 divided by 4 split = PhP8.35 x 2 split/beddivided by 4 split = PhP8.35 x 2 split/bed 16.7016.70 5. String for ties (panali) e.g., plastic5. String for ties (panali) e.g., plastic twine/strawtwine/straw 2.002.00 6. Labor Cost, cooperator/growers equity6. Labor Cost, cooperator/growers equity ---- Total Cost of Materials for 1-mushroom bedTotal Cost of Materials for 1-mushroom bed 176.20176.20 31. B. Assumption:B. Assumption: 1. Least yield of 5.00 kgs/bed @ farm gate price of Php80.00 per1. Least yield of 5.00 kgs/bed @ farm gate price of Php80.00 per kilo x 5.00 kgs.kilo x 5.00 kgs. PhP. 400.00PhP. 400.00 2. Less: Total Cost of Materials2. Less: Total Cost of Materials 176.20176.20 3. Net Profit per bed3. Net Profit per bed 223.80223.80 4. Return of Investment (ROI)4. Return of Investment (ROI) 127.01%127.01% C. Basis for *Optional Monthly Income of Individual Cooperator/GrowersC. Basis for *Optional Monthly Income of Individual Cooperator/Growers Land AreaLand Area (sq. m.)(sq. m.) No. of BedNo. of Bed Yield GatheredYield Gathered (kgs)(kgs) Gross SalesGross Sales (P)(P) Less: MaterialLess: Material Cost/BedCost/Bed Net Profit (PhP)Net Profit (PhP) ROIROI 225225 4545 225225 18,00018,000 7,929.007,929.00 10,071.0010,071.00 127.01%127.01% 340340 6868 340340 27,20027,200 11,981.6011,981.60 15,218.4015,218.40 127.01%127.01% 450450 9090 450450 36,00036,000 15,858.0015,858.00 20,142.0020,142.00 127.01%127.01% 565565 113113 565565 45,20045,200 19,910.0019,910.00 25,289.4025,289.40 127.01%127.01% 32. Volvariella VolcaceaVolvariella Volcacea (The Straw Mushroom)(The Straw Mushroom) 33. Scattering of riceScattering of rice straw for dryingstraw for drying Stocking of driedStocking of dried rice strawrice straw 34. SoakingSoaking 35. CompostingComposting 36. Soil digging/Soil digging/ cleaningcleaning Preparation of bed foundationPreparation of bed foundation Distribution ofDistribution of pre-soaked rice hullpre-soaked rice hull within bedwithin bed foundationfoundation 37. Layering andLayering and mounting ofmounting of hay molderhay molder 38. Piling of fermented ricePiling of fermented rice straw for spawn plantingstraw for spawn planting 39. Pressing/compacting ofPressing/compacting of rice strawrice straw 40. Spawn BroadcastingSpawn Broadcasting 41. Removal of hay molderRemoval of hay molder 42. The bed was supported byThe bed was supported by pegs placed on both endspegs placed on both ends 43. Plastic covering ofPlastic covering of mushroom bedmushroom bed 44. Preparation of shedPreparation of shed materialsmaterials 45. Artificial Shading forArtificial Shading for IncubationIncubation 46. Ready for harvestingReady for harvesting 47. PackagingPackaging 48. Mushroom PizzaMushroom Pizza 49. Mushroom PicklesMushroom Pickles 50. PPleurotus spp.leurotus spp. (Florida-Angel Mushroom)(Florida-Angel Mushroom) 51. Selection of youngSelection of young vigorous and healthy fruitvigorous and healthy fruit 52. Culture MediaCulture Media PreparationPreparation 53. Inoculation of TissueInoculation of Tissue 54. Matured TissueMatured Tissue 55. Materials needed forMaterials needed for oyster fruiting bagoyster fruiting bag preparationpreparation Composted saw dust Weighing scale PP bag (6x12x0.03) Rubber band Scrap paper Scrap cotton PVC (1 dm. x ) 56. CompostingComposting 57. Pre-composted substratePre-composted substrate for oyster mushroomfor oyster mushroom 58. Bagging of oysterBagging of oyster fruiting bags forfruiting bags for sterilizationsterilization 59. Weighing at 1 kilogramWeighing at 1 kilogram per bagper bag 60. Steaming/sterilizationSteaming/sterilization for 6 hoursfor 6 hours 61. Pre-heating ofPre-heating of inoculating loopsinoculating loops Breaking ofBreaking of grains forgrains for isolationisolation 62. Planting/isolation of purePlanting/isolation of pure culture into fruiting bagsculture into fruiting bags 63. PERSPECTIVE VIEW OF Pleurotus Growing House