Music Theory &

Notation

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Bass Clef

Music Notation

Music Notation

Music Notation

Music Notation

Music Notation

Music Notation

Music Notation

Tempo

• The given speed/pace of any piece

Lento — slowly (40–60 bpm)

Largo — broadly (40–60 bpm)

Larghetto — rather broadly (60–66 bpm)

Adagio — slow and stately (literally, "at ease") (66–76 bpm)

Andante — at a walking pace (76–108 bpm)

Moderato — moderately (101-110 bpm)

Allegro moderato — moderately quick (112–124 bpm)

Allegro — fast, quickly and bright (120–139 bpm)

Vivace — lively and fast (140 bpm) (quicker than allegro)

Presto — very fast (168–200 bpm)

Dynamics• Dynamics indicate at what volume you should

be heard.

• Dynamics do not indicate specific volume levels, but are meant to be played with reference to the ensemble as a whole.

• Dynamic indications are derived from Italian words.

Dynamics»

Key Signature

Key Signature

BEADGCF

Key SignatureSharp Up half a step

Flat Down half a step

Natural As written, may negate key signature