MUSIC9 q1mod.1 Musicvocal ...

Department of Education • Republic of the Philippines

MAPEH (Music)

Week 1 – Quarter 1: Music of Medieval, Renaissance

and Baroque Periods ARNOLD RUBIATO

(SUPPORT MATERIAL FOR INDEPENDENT LEARNING ENGAGEMENT)

A Joint Project of

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF DIPOLOG CITY

and the

DIPOLOG CITY GOVERNMENT


MUSIC – Grade 9 Support Material for Independent Learning Engagement (SMILE) Quarter 1 – Module 1: Vocal and Instrumental Music of Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque Periods First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalty.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Development Team of the Module

Authors: ARNOLD RUBIATO

Editor: Reviewers: JESSE P. SAMANIEGO Illustrator: Layout Artists: Management Team: VIRGILIO P. BATAN JR. – Schools Division Superintendent JAY S. MONTEALTO - Asst. Schools Division Superintendent AMELINDA D, MONTERO - Chief, CID NUR N. HUSSIEN - Chief, SGOD RONILLO S. YARAG - EPSpvr -LRMS LEO MARTINNO O. ALEJO - PDO II - LRMS

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Region IX – Dipolog City Schools Division

Office Address: Purok Farmers, Olingan, Dipolog City

Telefax: (065) 212-6986

E-mail Address: [email protected]


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MAPEH Quarter 1 – Module 1:

Music of Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque Periods

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and or/universities. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education at [email protected].

We value your feedback and recommendations.

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What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written to help you understand and appreciate the framework and outcome of the music relating to the experiences of the past historical time and the present. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations especially in planning how to conduct an activity that involves music. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course.

• Lesson 1 –MUSIC: Music of Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque Periods- Improvisation of appropriate accompaniment.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Describes the musical elements of selected vocal and instrumental music of Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque music;

2. Explain the performance practice (setting, composition, role of composers/performers, and audience) during Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque periods.

3. Relates Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque music to the other art forms and its history within the era.

What I Know

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Direction: Select the best answer. Write the chosen answer (not the letter) on a separate sheet of paper.

You Know Who?

? 1.

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a. Sebastian Bach b. Giovanni Palestrina c. Antonio Vivaldi d. George Handel

2.

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3.

6


4.

7


You Know When?

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Direction: Organize the following items in the box below according to historical era it belongs to: Gregorian Chants Mass Fugue Concerto Grosso Troubador Music Oratorio Madrigal Oratorio Chorale

Medieval Period Renaissance Period Baroque Period

LISTEN

1. Canon Rock http://www.youtu.be/XZgiNnGB8m4

2. Canon in D by Pachebel http://www.youtu.be/Ptk_1Dc2iPY

Ø Search for other songs which were composed originally during Medieval, Renaissance or Baroque Periods that have been covered today. They may be used as a background music for commercials, movies, teleserye, and other media purposes.

Reflection

1. Are you conscious that some of today’s music were composed centuries ago?

2. How were it used as background music? 3. Do you think they were creatively used? Were the music appropriately

used? 4. If you are one of the original composers, would you consent your music

to be used as it were used today? Why or why not?

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Lesson

1

MUSIC: Music of Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque Periods- Improvisation of Appropiate Accompaniment

INTRODUCTION

Music goes beyond time. It has been an important part throughout man’s existence. We are so grateful that God gives us a gift of music that can lift, comfort, encourage, expresses our hearts, and beyond that, it can proclaim the glory of our Creator.

Tunes of yesterday can still be heard today. It may be played in defferent modes, genres, and of various tempo and rhythm. That’s why its significance can be traced back again to its history that we can comprehend and appreciate the nature of the music. With this reason, Western Music should be part in our curriculum.

The Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque Periods were the first three periods of the Western Music. We will be discussing its historical and cultural backgrounds, characteristics, compositions and composers.

What’s In

In the previous lessons of the Southeast Asian Music in Grade 8, what had you observed about the elements and the various forms of music in relation to their culture, traditions, principles and their historical background?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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What’s New

ACTIVITY 1.1

MOTIVATION: Music Analysis

1. Based on the given three musical notations, What are your observations?

A.

B.

C.

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What is It

Music of the Medieval Period (700-1400)

Historical Background:

The Medieval Period is also known as Middle Ages or “Dark Ages” that began with the fall of the Roman Empire. During this time, the leadership was appointed to the Church that hold the Europe’s cultural and political affairs. Through their influences, the foundation of music was laid.

Monophonic plainchant was made known and approved by the Catholic Church through the actions of Pope Gregory I which is popularly known as Gregorian Chant. Originally, it was transmitted orally to preserved the music, but scholars agreed to put it in notation (known before as Neumes) to assist dissemination of chants across Europe.

The characteristics of Gregorian Chants were monophonic, free meter, modal, usually based on Latin liturgy and the use of “neume” notation.

The music sheet below is an example of Gregorian Chant notation written in Neumes:

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Listen to the following links featuring a Gregorian Chants of the Medieval Period https://youtu.be/VqZ3kwdqtVY , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kK5AohCMX0U

Reflection

Ø After listening to the music, were you able to recognize the characteristics of Gregorian Chants?

___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________

Troubadour Music

The latter part of the period was also characterized by a new style of Medieval Music called Troubadour Music. The music was not bound by the Catholic traditions and classified as secular music. It was originated in France and was organized by a group of musicians called Troubadours who travelled around to perform and provide entertainment across Europe.

Characteristics of Troubadour Music:

1. Usually monophonic

2. Sometimes with improvised accompaniment

3. Tells of chivalry and courtly love

4. originated in France

5. Written in French language

Famous Composer of the Medieval Period

Adam de la Halle (1237-1288)

Adam De La Halle, Miniature in musical codex s. XIII

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Adam de la Halle known as Adam le Bossu (Adam the Hunchback) who is the son of a well-known citizen of Arras, Henri de la Halle. He received his education at the Cistercian Abbey of Vaucelles, near Cambral. Adam was desired to be a priest but he eventually got married.

He was one of the oldest secular composers whose literary and musical works include chansons and poetic debates. He was a trouvere, poet and musician whose famous works are Le Jeu de Robin et de Marion and La Chanson du roi de Sicile.

Listen to the link below featuring “Le Jeu de Robin et de Marion” https://www.youtu.be./UCIx07t14jw

Music of the Renaissance Period (1400-1600)

Historical Background

Renaissance is the term used to describe as the period of looking back to the Golden Age of Greece and Rome. The reason why it was known as renaitre, which means “ Rebirth” which signifies the recovery of the literary and artistic heritage.

Because of the invention of the printing, it paved the way for a wide distribution of the compositions. Because of the emergence of the bourgeois class, the Renaissance music became popular as an entertainment and activity for the amateurs and the educated. Secular music became the influential music during the Renaissance Period and the lute instruments are the most prominent.

Characteristics of Renaissance Music:

1. Mostly polyphonic

2. Imitation among voices is common.

3. Use of word painting in texts and music

4. Melodies lines move in a flowing manner

5. Melodies are easier to perform because of the scale with a few large leaps.

Renaissance music was also known as the Golden Age of A Capella choral Music. These are the types of Vocal Music in Renaissance Period:

1. Mass – is a sacred vocal composition that set texts of the Eucharistic liturgy into music. It can be sang a capella or with orchestral accompaniment. In applying the text into music, it can be polyphonic, syllabic, Neumatic or melismatic.

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There are five main sections of Mass:

1. Kyrie (Lord, Have Mercy)

2. Gloria (Glory To The God in the Highest)

3. Credo ( I Believe in God)

4. Sanctus and Benedictus (Holy, holy and Blessed is He)

5. Agnus Dei (Lamb of God)

Listen to “Gloria” by Josquin Des Prez featuring the main section of the Mass. https://www.youtu.be/7JOO0wb8jCQ

2. Madrigal- A secular vocal polyphonic music originated form Italy. It is expressed in poetic text and used during courtly social gatherings. It can be requently execute into 3 to 6 voices, polyphonic, sung a cappella and through-composed.

Listen to “April Is In My Mistress’ Face” by Thomas Morley https://www.youtu.be/JKHzCE6MDro

Reflection 1. Which music are you familiar with? Why? 2. Which songs can you relate with? Sacred or Secular music? Why?

Famous Composers of the Renaissance Period

1. Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina (1522-1594)

He said to be the greatest master of Roman Catholic Church music during Renaissance Period and most of his compositions were sacred.

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2. Thomas Morley (1557-1602)

He became the master of choristers in 1582 and was the most famous composer of secular music in his time.

His famous compositions are:

1. Fire, Fire My heart

2. Sing and Chant It

3. Fantasie

4. April is in My Mistress’ Face

5. It Was A Lover and His Lass

Music of the Baroque Period (1685-1750)

Historical Background

Baroque is derived from the word barocco which means “Pearl of Irregular Shape”. During this time, the music highlighted the impressiveness of the style and the elaborate ornamentations created by the Baroque composers.

The music was developed through instrumental techniques and musical notations. The Major and Minor tonality was also developed and a lot of musical terms evolved in this era that are still used today.

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Characeristics of Baroque Music

1. Melodies are elaborate, ornamental and are not easy to sing and

remember

2. Primarily contrapuntal textures called homophony

3. Have dynamic contrast-alteration between loud or soft

4. Harpsichord or organ instruments are commonly used in the

accompaniment.

5. The use of Fugue- a contrapuntal piece developed by imitative

Counterpoint

6. Orchestra consists of strings and continuo

7. New Forms:

a. Binary – AB

b. Ternary – ABC

c. Ground Bass

d. Fugue

Types of Music Genres of Baroque Music

1. Concerto- A form of music intended for solo instrument accompanied by an orchestra.

2. Concerto Grosso- A form of orchestral music wherein the music is between a small group with solo instrument called concertino and the whole orchestra playing together called tutti.

Listen to “House of Dreams” by Handel, Allegro from Concerto Grosso in G Major op. 6 no. 1

3. Fugue- it is usually written in 3 or 4 parts, with a main theme called “subject.” The entire piece grows mainly from a single brief tune of strong musical character. Example: Bach’s Toccata and Fugue

4. Oratorio- A large scale of musical composition for orchestra or voices that incorporates narrative on religious themes. Examples: Handel’s “Messiah,” “Samson,” “Israel,” and “Egypt;” &. Bach “Christmas Oratorio”

5. Chorale- a compositions that resemble a harmonized version of hymnal tunes of the Protestant Church. Listen to Bach Chorale (explained) https://www.youtu.be/OyLr64lyo-U

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Famous Composers of the Baroque Period

Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750

He was known for his compositions for organ, orchestra and oratorio. He was a religious man because of his deep faith that is evident to his compositions for sacred music. His famous compositions are Fugue in G minor and Fugue in D minor.

Listen to Bach’s Toccata and Fugue https://www.youtu.be/Nnuq9PXbywA; “Christmas Oratorio” https://www.youtu.be/uSfvc09WnUs

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2. Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741)

His nickname was il Prete Rosso ( The red priest) because of his red hair. He was an Italian composer, a catholic priest and a virtouso violinist. His most famous piece is Vivaldi’s “The Four Seasons.” https://www.youtu.be/g65oWFMSoK0

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3. George Friedrich Handel (1685-1759)

Handel is remembered for his operas and oratorios. He became England’s favorite composer. The “Messiah” is Handel’s most famous creation and the very well known “Hallelujah” chorus is part of that composition.

Listen to “House of Dreams” by Handel, Allegro from Concerto Grosso in G Major op. 6 no. 1 https://www.youtu.be/DUDhxZKUvEg https://www.youtu.be/ZPdk5GalDjo

Handel’s “Messiah,” http://www.youtu.be/LFBIJgkj_-g

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What’s More

ACTIVITY 1.2 Self-Assessment

GUESS WHO?

PART I Choose the right composer in the box below. Use another sheet of paper.

Adam de la Halle Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina Thomas Morley Johann Sebastian Bach Antonio Vivaldi George Friedrich Handel

________________________1. Messiah

________________________2. Four Seasons

________________________3. Christmas Oratorio

________________________4. Fire, Fire My Heart

________________________5. Le Jeu de Robin et de Marion

PART II Identification

6. What was the Period when the Christian Church highly influenced culture and political affairs in Europe?

a. Medieval Period b. Renaissance Period c. Baroque Period

7. What do you call a through-composed vocal music composition written and expressed in a poetic text.

a. Troubadour music b. Mass c. Madrigal

8. There are five main sections of the Mass. Which of the following is the only section of Mass with Greek text?

a. Kyrie b. Gloria c. Agnus Dei

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9. Baroque music was known for its grandiose and elaborate arrangements. Which of the following Baroque music form was developed through imitative counterpoint?

a. Concerto Grosso b. Fugue c. Oratorio

10. What refers to the extended musical setting of sacred music?

a. Fugue b. Chorale c. Oratorio

What I Have Learned

1. Melismatic is a singing of one syllable of text while moving between several

different notes in succession.

2. Monophonic texture is a single melodic line without accompaniment.

3. Polyphonic texture is a music consisting of several melodic lines.

4. Sacred music is written specifically for religious services.

5. Secular music is a music that is not bound for Catholic traditions.

6. Neumes are musical symbols used as a notation during Medieval Period.

7. Free Meter is a flow of music without time signature

8. The first three Periods of Western Music have various characteristics and own

styles and textures.

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What I Can Do

Activity 1.2 Listening Time

PART 1

1. Listen to the Kyrie “Aux Fetes Doubles” https://www.youtu.be/BphlyIVXyWQ

2. Study and Answer:

A. Direction: Write the letter of your answer according on the music selection that you have heard.

_____1. Which text – setting style was used? a. Syllabic b. Neumatic c. Melismatic

_____2. What is the texture? a. Monophonic b. Homophonic c. Polyphonic

_____3. In what language was the selection written? a. Greek b. Latin c. Spanish

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B. Answer the following questions briefly.

4. Is the music sacred vocal form?

5. Was it sung a cappella or with an accompaniment?

PART 2 Listen to the following songs. Use the chart below to guide you in analysing the songs. 6. (5 points) Title: __________________________ Composer:_____________________ Era:___________________________ Encircle your answer in the chart below

Elements Description

Language Latin Greek English Form Vocal Instrumental Text-Setting Syllabic Neumatic Melismatic Texture Monophonic Homophonic Polyphonic Song # 1: Fire, Fire My Heart https://www.youtu.be/QiWtcFK4OOA 7. (5 points) Title: __________________________ Composer:_____________________ Era:___________________________ Encircle your answer in the chart below

Elements Description

Language Latin Greek English Form Vocal Instrumental Text-Setting Syllabic Neumatic Melismatic Texture Monophonic Homophonic Polyphonic Song # 2: Handel’s “Hallelujah Chorus” https://www.youtu.be/IUZEtVbJT5c

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Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.

1.


2. a. Sebastian Bach

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b. Giovanni Palestrina c. Antonio Vivaldi d. George Handel

3.


4. a. Sebastian Bach b. Giovanni Palestrina c. Antonio Vivaldi d. George Handel

5. What was the Period when the Christian Church highly influenced culture and political affairs in Europe?

d. Medieval Period e. Renaissance Period f. Baroque Period

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6. What do you call a through-composed vocal music composition written and expressed in a poetic text.

d. Troubadour music e. Mass f. Madrigal

7. There are five main sections of the Mass. Which of the following is the only section of Mass with Greek text?

d. Kyrie e. Gloria f. Agnus Dei

8. Baroque music was known for its grandiose and elaborate arrangements. Which of the following Baroque music form was developed through imitative counterpoint?

d. Concerto Grosso e. Fugue f. Oratorio

9. What refers to the extended musical setting of sacred music?

d. Fugue e. Chorale f. Oratorio

10. What period known as the Middle Age or Dark Age?

a. Renaissance Period b. Baroque Period c. Medieval Period d. Classical Period

11. What is the term used in notating music during Dark Ages?

e. monophonic f. polyphonic g. neumes h. oratorio

12. What do you call a texture of music that has a single melodic line without accompaniment?

a. Monophonic Texture b. Homophonic Texture c. Polyphonic Texture d. Symphonic music

13. In what place were chants commonly sung?

e. Schools f. Market

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g. Government offices h. Churches

14. The following are the characteristics of Renaissance music, EXCEPT: a. Imitation among the voices is common. b. Mostly polyphonic c. Use of word painting in texts and music

d. Free Meter

15. A melismatic music was executed through: a. Singing in one note set to each syllable b. Singing A few notes set to one syllable c. Singing many notes to one syllable d. Singing in unison

Additional Activities

ACTIVITY 1.3 Sing With Costume!

Sing a song with the recording. This time, wear costumes that will highlight the culture of the Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque Period.

Criteria Grade

Simultaneity in singing each of the syllables in each of the words

Accuracy of tones

Facial Expression

Legend:

1-lowest

5-Highest

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Answer Keys

Pre-‐Test 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D *MEDIEVAL PERIOD GREGORIAN CHANT TROUBADOR MUSIC *RENNAISANCE PERIOD MASS MADRIGAL *BAROQUE CONCERTO GROSSO FUGUE ORATORIO CHORALE

PART 1 1.HANDEL 2.VIVALDI 3.BACH 4.MORLEY 5.PALESTRINA PART II 6. A 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.C WHAT CAN I DO 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.SACRED VOCAL FORM 5.A CAPELLA PART 2 6.FIRE FIRE MY HEART THOMAS MORLEY RENNAISANCE PERIOD 7. HALLELUJIA CHORUS FREDERIC HANDEL BAROQUE PERIOD

Post Test 1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.C 11.C 12.A 13.D 14.A 15.C

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References

1. Youtube.com

2. Google.com

3. DepEd websites

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