1 HISTORY OF MUTUAL FUNDS IN INDIA The mutual fund industry in India started in 1963 with the formation of Unit Trust of India, at the initiative of the Govt. of India and Reserve Bank. The history of mutual fund in India can be broadly divided into four distinct phases. The Indian mutual fund industry has started opening up many exciting investment opportunities to Indian investors. Despite the expected continuing growth in the industry, mutual funds are still a new financial intermediary in India. Hence, it is important that the investors, the mutual fund agents/distributors, the investment advisors and even the fund employees acquire better knowledge of what mutual funds are, what they can do for investors and what they cannot, and how they function differently from other intermediaries such as the banks. Phase 1. (1964-87 Unit Trust of India.) In 1963, UTI was established by an Act of parliament and given a monopoly. Operationally, UTI was set up by the RBI. But was later de linked from RBI the first, and still one of the largest schemes launched by UTI was Unit Scheme 64. Over the years, US 64 attracted and probably still have the largest Sanjay Jadeja
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HISTORY OF MUTUAL FUNDS IN INDIA
The mutual fund industry in India started in 1963 with the formation of Unit
Trust of India, at the initiative of the Govt. of India and Reserve Bank. The history of
mutual fund in India can be broadly divided into four distinct phases.
The Indian mutual fund industry has started opening up many exciting
investment opportunities to Indian investors. Despite the expected continuing growth in
the industry, mutual funds are still a new financial intermediary in India. Hence, it is
important that the investors, the mutual fund agents/distributors, the investment
advisors and even the fund employees acquire better knowledge of what mutual funds
are, what they can do for investors and what they cannot, and how they function
differently from other intermediaries such as the banks.
Phase 1. (1964-87 Unit Trust of India.)
In 1963, UTI was established by an Act of parliament and given a monopoly.
Operationally, UTI was set up by the RBI. But was later de linked from RBI the first,
and still one of the largest schemes launched by UTI was Unit Scheme 64. Over the
years, US 64 attracted and probably still have the largest number of investors in any
single investment scheme. It was also at least partially the first open –end scheme in
the country. Now moving towards becoming fully open-end.
Later in 1970s and 80s, UTI started innovating and offering different schemes to
suit the needs of different classes of different investors. Unit Linked Insurance Plan
(ULIP) was launched in 1971. Six new schemes were introduced between 1981 and
1984. During 1984-87, new schemes like children’s gift growth fund (1986) and Master
share (1987) were launched
.
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Phase 2 (1987-1993 Entry of public sector funds.)
1987 Marked the entry of non –UTI, public sector mutual funds, bringing in
competition. With the opening up of the economy, many public sector banks and
financial institutions were allowed to establish mutual funds. The SBI established the
first non-UTI Mutual funds in Nov, 1987. This was followed by Can Bank Mutual fund
in Dec, 1987. LIC Mutual fund (1989) and GIC MF and Indian Bank MF. The fund
industry expanded nearly 7 times in terms of Asset under Management.
Phase 3 (1993-1996 Emergence of Private funds)
A new era of Mutual Fund industry began with the permission granted for the
entry of private sector funds in 1993, giving the Indian investors a broader choice of
‘fund families’ and increasing competition for the existing public sector funds.
Initially, the mobilization of funds by the private mutual fund was slow. But, this
segment of fund industry now has been witnessing much greater investor confidence
in them. One influencing factor has been development of a SEBI driven regulatory
framework for mutual funds. Investors in India now clearly see the benefits of investing
through mutual funds and have started becoming selective.
Phase 4 (1996 SEBI regulation for mutual funds)
The entire mutual fund industry in India, despite initial hiccups, has since
scaled new heights in terms of mobilization of funds and number of players.
Deregulations and liberalization of the Indian economy has introduced competition and
impetus to the growth of the industry.
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More investor’s friendly regulatory measures have been taken both by SEBI to
protect the investors and by the government to enhance investors’ returns through tax
benefits. A comprehensive set of regulations for all mutual funds operating in India
was introduced with SEBI (mf) Regulations, 1996. These regulation set uniform
standards for all funds and will eventually be applied in full to UTI as well, even though
UTI is govern by its own UTI Act.
In fact, UTI has been voluntarily adopting SEBI guidelines for most of its
schemes. Similarly the 1999 Union Government Budget took a big step in exempting
all mutual fund dividends from income tax in the hands of investors. Both the 1996
regulation and the 1999 budget must be considered of historic importance, given their
far reaching impact on the fund industry and investors.
PHASE -5 2003 ONWARDS
This phase was marked by very rapid growth in the industry, and significant
increase in market shares of private sector players. In February 2003, following the
repeal of the unit Trust of India Act 1963 was bifurcated into two separate entities.
One is the specified undertakings of the Unit Trust of India with assets under
management of Rs.29,835 corers as at the end of January 2003, representation
broadly, the assets of unit scheme 1964, assured return and certain other schemes.
The specified undertakings of UTI, functioning under an administrator and under the
rules framed by the Government of India, and do not come under the purview of the
Mutual Fund Regulation.
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Erstwhile UTI was bifurcated into UTI Mutual Fund and the Specified Undertaking
of the Unit Trust of India effective from February 2003. The Assets under management
of the Specified Undertaking of the Unit Trust of India has therefore been excluded
from the total assets of the industry as a whole from February 2003 onwards.
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Currently there are around 45 mutual fund organizations in India together
handling assets worth nearly Rs 10 lakh crore. Today, the Indian mutual fund industry
has opened up many exciting investment opportunities for investors. As a result, we
have started witnessing the phenomenon of savings now being entrusted to the funds
rather than in banks alone. Mutual Funds are now perhaps one of the most sought-
after investment options for most investors.
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STRUCTURE OF MUTUAL FUND IN INDIA
For anybody to become well aware about mutual funds, it is imperative for him or her
to know the structure of a mutual fund. How does a mutual fund come into being? Who
are the important people in a mutual fund? What are their roles? etc. We will start our
understanding by looking at the mutual fund structure in brief.
Mutual Funds in India follow a 3-tier structure. There is a Sponsor (the First tier),
who thinks of starting a mutual fund. The Sponsor approaches the Securities &
Exchange Board of India (SEBI), which is the market regulator and also the regulator
for mutual funds.
Not everyone can start a mutual fund. SEBI checks whether the person is of integrity,
whether he has enough experience in the financial sector, his net worth etc. Once
SEBI is convinced, the sponsor creates a Public Trust (the Second tier) as per the
Indian Trusts Act, 1882. Trusts have no legal identity in India and cannot enter into
contracts, hence the Trustees are the people authorized to act on behalf of the Trust.
Contracts are entered into in the name of the Trustees. Once the Trust is created, it is
registered with SEBI after which this trust is known as the mutual fund.
It is important to understand the difference between the Sponsor and the Trust. They
are two separate entities. Sponsor is not the Trust; i.e. Sponsor is not the Mutual
Fund. It is the Trust which is the Mutual Fund.
The Trustees role is not to manage the money. Their job is only to see, whether the
money is being managed as per stated objectives. Trustees may be seen as the
internal regulators of a mutual fund.
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ORGANIZATION CHART OF MUTUAL FUND
Figure no.2
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SEBI
Trustee Sponsor
Operations AMC
Fund Manager
MKT/Sales
Mutual Fund Distributors
MKT/Sales
Schemes
Investors
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A vehicle for investing in stocks and bonds
A mutual fund is not an alternative investment option to stocks and bonds, rather it
pools the money of several investors and invests this in stocks, bonds, money market
instruments and other types of securities.
Buying a mutual fund is like buying a small slice of a big pizza. The owner of a
mutual fund unit gets a proportional share of the fund’s gains, losses, income and
expenses.
Each mutual fund has a specific stated objective
The fund’s objective is laid out in the fund's prospectus, which is the legal
document that contains information about the fund, its history, its officers and its
performance.
Some popular objectives of a mutual fund are -
Fund Objective What the fund will invest in
Equity (Growth) Only in stocks
Debt (Income) Only in fixed-income securities
Money Market (including Gilt)
In short-term money market instruments (including
government securities)
Balanced Partly in stocks and partly in fixed-income
securities, in order to maintain
a 'balance' in returns and risk
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Managed by an Asset Management Company (AMC)
The company that puts together a mutual fund is called an AMC. An AMC may
have several mutual fund schemes with similar or varied investment objectives.
The AMC hires a professional money manager, who buys and sells securities in
line with the fund's stated objective.
All AMCs Regulated by SEBI, Funds governed by Board of Directors
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) mutual fund regulations require
that the fund’s objectives are clearly spelt out in the prospectus.
Net Asset Value or NAV
NAV is the total asset value (net of expenses) per unit of the fund and is calculated
by the AMC at the end of every business day.
How is NAV calculated?
The value of all the securities in the portfolio in calculated daily. From this, all
expenses are deducted and the resultant value divided by the number of units in the
fund is the fund’s NAV.
For e.g.
If the market value of securities of a mutual fund scheme is Rs. 200
lakhs and the mutual fund has issued 10 lakhs unit at Rs. 10 each to the investors,
then the NAV per unit of the fund is Rs.20
Net Asset Value Of Scheme
NAV =------------------------------------No. Of Units Outstanding
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The major factor affecting the NAV of a fund are; Sale and purchase of securities
Sale and repurchase of unit
Valuation of assets
Actual of income and exp
Expense Ratio
AMCs charge an annual fee, or expense ratio that covers administrative
expenses, salaries, advertising expenses, brokerage fee, etc. A 1.5% expense ratio
means the AMC charges Rs1.50 for every Rs100 in assets under management.
A fund's expense ratio is typically to the size of the funds under
management and not to the returns earned. Normally, the costs of running a fund grow
slower than the growth in the fund size - so, the more assets in the fund, the lower
should be its expense ratio.
Load
Some AMCs have sales charges, or loads, on their funds (entry load
and/or exit load) to compensate for distribution costs. Funds that can be purchased
without a sales charge are called no-load funds.
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Open- and Close-Ended Funds
1) Open-Ended Funds
At any time during the scheme period, investors can enter and exit the
fund scheme (by buying/ selling fund units) at its NAV (net of any load charge).
Increasingly, AMCs are issuing mostly open-ended funds.
2) Close-Ended Funds
Redemption can take place only after the period of the scheme is over.
However, close-ended funds are listed on the stock exchanges and investors can buy/
0sell units in the secondary market (there is no load).
STP-Systematic transfer plan
They allow the investors to transfer on a periodic basis a specifying amount
from one scheme to another within the same fund family meaning two schemes
belonging to the same mutual fund. A transfer will be treated as redemption of units
from the scheme from which the transfer is made. Such redemption or investment will
be at the applicable NAV. This service allows the investor to manage his investment
activity to achieve his objectives.
SWP- Systematic withdrawal plan
An opposed to the SIP, the SWP allows the investors the facility to withdraw
the pre determined interval. The investor’s units will be redeemed at the existing NAV
as on that day.
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SIP – Systematic Investment Planning
It is a method of investing a fixed sum, at a regular interval, in a mutual fund.
It is very similar to monthly saving schemes like a recurring monthly deposit /
post office deposit
Advantages of Systematic Investment Planning
Encourages Regular Investments (just like recurring deposit schemes)
A Convenient way to invest regularly
Lower initial investment without cutting into regular expense
Long term perspective
Rupee Cost Averaging Benefit to counter volatility - it brings down the average
cost of your Investments
No timing the market!!!
Meet investment objective with investment needs
Helps to match the risk / return profile
Types of risks associated with Mutual Fund Investment
Market risk: At times the prices or yields of all the securities in a particular market rise
or fall due to broad outside influences. This change in price is due to 'market risk'.
Inflation risk: Sometimes referred to as 'loss of purchasing power'. Whenever the rate
of inflation exceeds the earnings on your investment, you run the risk that you'll
actually be able to buy less, not more.
Credit risk: In short, how stable is the company or entity to which you lend your
money when you invest? How certain are you that it will be able to pay the interest you
are promised, or repay your principal when the investment matures?
Interest rate risk: Interest rate movements in the Indian debt markets can be volatile
leading to the possibility of large price movements up or down in debt and money
market securities and thereby to possibly large movements in the NAV.
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Advantages of Mutual Fund:-
Professional Money Management
Fund managers are responsible for implementing a consistent investment
strategy that reflects the goals of the fund. Fund managers monitor market and
economic trends and analyze securities in order to make informed investment
decisions.
Diversification
Diversification is one of the best ways to reduce risk (to understand why,
read the need to Diversify). Mutual funds offer investors an opportunity to diversify
across assets depending on their investment needs.
Liquidity
Investors can sell their mutual fund units on any business day and receive the
current market value on their investments within a short time period (normally three- to
five-days).
Affordability
The minimum initial investment for a mutual fund is fairly low for most funds (as low
as Rs500 for some schemes).
Convenience
Most private sector funds provide you the convenience of periodic purchase plans,
automatic withdrawal plans and the automatic reinvestment of interest.
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Tax benefits on Investment in Mutual Funds
1) 100% Income Tax exemption on all Mutual Fund dividends
2) Equity Funds - Short term capital gains is taxed at 15%. Long term capital gains are
not applicable.
Debt Funds - Short term capital gains is taxed as per the slab rates applicable to you.
Long term capital gains tax to be lower of - 10% on the capital gains without factoring
indexation benefit and 20% on the capital gains after factoring indexation benefit.
3) Open-end funds with equity exposure of more than 65% (Revised from 50% to 65%
in Budget 2006) are exempt from the payment of dividend tax for a period of 3 years
from 1999-2000.
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COMPARISION OF BANK V/S MUTUAL FUNDBANKS MUTUAL FUNDS
Returns Low Better
Administrative exp. High Low
Risk Low Moderate
Investment options Less More
Network High penetration Low But improving
Quality of assets Not Transparent Better transparency
Interest Calculation Minimum balance b/w 10th&
30th of every month
Based on NAV
Guarantee Maximum Rs.1 lakh on
deposits
As per market
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
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Asset under Management of Leading Mutual Fund Company:-(As On June 2015)
Rank Assets under management (Rs.Cr)
Rank Assets under management (Rs.Cr)
1 HDFC Mutual Fund 165,013
11 Tata Mutual Fund 28,045
2 ICICI Prudential Mutual Fund
155,522
12 L&T Mutual Fund 22,213
3 Reliance Mutual Fund 144,693
13 Sundaram Mutual Fund
20,996
4 Birla Sun Life Mutual Fund
125,502
14 Deutsche Mutual Fund
20,720
5 UTI Mutual Fund 92,730 15 JM Financial Mutual Fund
11,676
6 SBI Mutual Fund 83,693 16 LIC NOMURA Mutual Fund
11,133
7 Franklin Templeton Mutual Fund
74,312 17 HSBC Mutual Fund 7,880
8 IDFC Mutual Fund 54,498 18 Goldman Sachs Mutual Fund
7,775
9 Kotak Mahindra Mutual Fund
48,077 19 Baroda Pioneer Mutual Fund
7,225
10 DSP Blackrock Mutual Fund
36,036 20 CanaraRobeco Mutual Fund
7,078
Growth in the AUM:-
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FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY150
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
7486 7037 6709
8800 8960
12660
(in INR Billions)
(in INR Billions)
An asset managed by the Indian mutual fund industry has grown from Rs. 9.91
trillion in May 2014 to Rs. 12.26 trillion in May 2015.
That represents a 24% growth in assets over May 2014.
The Indian mutual fund industry has shown relatively slow growth in the period
FY 10-13 growing at a CAGR of approximately 3.2 per cent. Average (AUM) stood at
INR 8,140 billion as of September 2013. However, AUM increased to INR 8,800 billion
as of December 2013in comparison to global markets, India’s AUM penetration as a
per cent of GDP is between 5-6 per cent while it is around 77 per cent for the U.S., 40
per cent for Brazil and 31 per cent for South Africa.
Despite the relatively low penetration of mutual funds in India, the market is
highly concentrated. Though, there are 46 AMCs operating in the sector,
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approximately 80 per cent of the AUM concentrated with 8 of the leading players in
the market .There have been recent instances of consolidation in the market and
market concentration is expected to remain in the near-term.
Market share of Leading Mutual Funds:-
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20%
13%
12%
10%
9%
9%
7%
5%
5%4%
4% 2%
Market Share (June 2015)
OthersHDFC MfReliance MfICIC Prud. MfBirla Sun Life MfUTI MfSBI MfFranklin Templeton IDFC MfKotak MfDSP MfAxis Mf
Corporate investments constitute around 49 per cent of AUM with a focus on
debt/money market funds for the purpose of short term returns and liquidity
management.
Retail share of AUM is 20 per cent and is expected to rise driven by increased
investor awareness, product penetration and greater distribution reach. High Net worth
Individual (HNIs) have emerged as the fastest growing investor segment growing at a
rate of 20 per cent over the period ofFY10- FY13 with a preference for debt oriented
funds. However, AUM growth largely remains restricted to the top 5 cities in India viz.
Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Chennai and Kolkata (contributing 74 per cent of AUM as
of September 2013).
The top 35 cities continue to contribute around 90-92 per cent of the industry AUM
Performance and Other Key Statistical data
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Category Average Returns % 1 year 2 year 3 yearEquity & Hybrid Equity
Large Cap Equity Fund 2.9 6 1.9Diversified Equity Fund 2.1 6.1 1.7Small & Mid Cap Equity 3.4 8.5 2.8Equity Oreinted Hybrid Fund 3.6 5.3 2.8International Commodities 8.6 5 1.4
Benchmark IndicesCNX Nifty 3.6 24.9 10.4S&P Sensex 5.5 26.7 11.3S&P Small cap -11.4 4 -26.7S&P Midcap -8.4 15.4 -11.7
Debt & Hybrid DebtLong term income funds 4.8 3.6 3.6Short term income fund 7.8 5.2 4.9Liquid funds 7.8 5.3 5Ultra short funds 8.2 5.2 5.2Guilt short term funds 4.4 3.2 2.9guilt long term funds 3.4 3.4 3.5Balanced 4.4 5.9 2.8
However, despite the potential offered by the mutual fund industry, there
still remain some key challenges faced by the industry which have had an impact on
growth. These include
• Limited incentives for distributors for MF products as compared to other
Financial products
• Lack of product differentiation and ability to communicate value to investors
• Low MF penetration and relatively lower addition of retail investors
• Lack of investor awareness about MF industry
• Evolving nature of industry regulations the key to combating these challenges is to
ensure a wider distribution reachto widen the existing base of the industry.
Additionally, there needs to be an improvement in overall investor awareness through
strategic initiatives and investor education drives to drive growth. The next section
elaborates key trends that may have an impact on the future growth of the industry
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Investor Categories across Scheme Types
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39.82
60.18
Debt Schemes
IndividualsInstitutions
85.02
14.98
Equity Schemes
IndividualsInstitutions
7
93
Money Market
IndividualsInstitutions
Process of Mutual fund:-
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Market Players in the Industry
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Sr No Mutual Fund Name Average AUM %
1 HDFC Mutual Fund 1,034.42 12.70%
2 Reliance Mutual Fund 952.28 11.69%
3 ICICI Prudential Mutual Fund 853.03 10.48%
4 Birla Sun Life Mutual Fund 773.44 9.50%
5 UTI Mutual Fund 700.57 8.60%
6 SBI Mutual Fund 595.58 7.31%
7 Franklin Templeton Mutual Fund 448.12 5.50%
8 IDFC Mutual Fund 396.65 4.87%
9 Kotak Mahindra Mutual Fund 352.99 4.34%
10 DSP Blackrock Mutual Fund 304.86 3.74%
11 Tata Mutual Fund 179.66 2.21%
12 Deutsche Mutual Fund 170.59 2.10%
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Sr No Mutual Fund Name Average AUM %
13 L&T Mutual Fund 150.79 1.85%
14 Sundaram Mutual Fund 139.47 1.71%
15 JPMorgan Mutual Fund 132.57 1.63%
16 Religare Invesco Mutual Fund 125.12 1.54%
17 Axis Mutual Fund 123.18 1.51%
18 LIC NOMURA Mutual Fund 79.76 0.98%
19 Canara Robeco Mutual Fund 76.16 0.94%
20 HSBC Mutual Fund 67.18 0.83%
21 JM Financial Mutual Fund 62.44 0.77%
22 Baroda Pioneer Mutual Fund 52.63 0.65%
23 IDBI Mutual Fund 47.71 0.59%
24 PRINCIPAL Mutual Fund 43.00 0.53%
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Sr No Mutual Fund Name Average AUM %
25 Goldman Sachs Mutual Fund 41.49 0.51%
26 BNP Paribas Mutual Fund 35.38 0.43%
27 Morgan Stanley Mutual Fund 32.90 0.40%
28 Peerless Mutual Fund 28.35 0.35%
29 Taurus Mutual Fund 27.32 0.34%
30 Pramerica Mutual Fund 21.66 0.27%
31 Union KBC Mutual Fund 19.80 0.24%
32 India bulls Mutual Fund 16.06 0.20%
33 ING Mutual Fund 11.05 0.14%
34 Pine Bridge Mutual Fund 11.03 0.14%
35 BOI AXA Mutual Fund 10.82 0.13%
36 Mirae Asset Mutual Fund 5.08 0.06%
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Sr No Mutual Fund Name Average AUM %
37 Motilal Oswal Mutual Fund 4.37 0.05%
38 Quantum Mutual Fund 3.15 0.04%
39 PPFAS Mutual Fund 2.67 0.03%
40 Escorts Mutual Fund 2.52 0.03%
41 Sahara Mutual Fund 2.33 0.03%
42 IIFL Mutual Fund 2.07 0.03%
43 Edelweiss Mutual Fund 1.94 0.02%
44 Daiwa Mutual Fund 0.51 0.01%
45 IL&FS Mutual Fund (IDF) - 0.00%
46 Shriram Mutual Fund - 0.00%
Grand Total 8,142.68 100.0%
HISTORY
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Kotak Mahindra group, established in 1985 by Uday Kotak, is one of India’s
leading financial services conglomerates. In February 2003, Kotak Mahindra Finance
Ltd. (KMFL), the Group’s flagship company, received a banking license from the
Reserve Bank of India (RBI). With this, KMFL became the first non-banking finance
company in India to be converted into a bank – Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited (KMBL).
In a study by Brand Finance Banking 500, published in February 2014 by the
Banker magazine (from The Financial Times Stable), KMBL was ranked 245th among
the world’s top 500 banks with brand valuation of around half a billion dollars ($481
million) and brand rating of AA+. KMBL is also ranked among the top 5 Best Ranked
Companies for Corporate Governance in IR Global Ranking.
Kotak Mahindra is one of India's leading financial institutions, offering complete
financial solutions that encompass every sphere of life. From commercial banking, to
stock broking, to mutual funds, to life insurance, to investment banking, the group
caters to the financial needs of individuals and corporate. The group has a net worth of
Rs.7,911 crore and employs around 20,000 employees across its various businesses,
servicing around 7 million customer accounts through a distribution network of 1,716
branches, franchisees and satellite offices across more than 470 cities and towns in
India and offices in New York, California, San Francisco, London, Dubai, Mauritius and
Singapore
Kotak Mahindra Asset Management Company Limited (KMAMC), a wholly
owned subsidiary of Kotak Mahindra bank Limited (KMBL), is the Asset Manager for
Kotak Mahindra Mutual Fund (KMMF). KMAMC started operations in December 1998
and has approximately 7.5 Lac investors in various schemes. KMMF offers schemes
catering to investors with varying risk - return profiles and was the first fund house in
the country to launch a dedicated gilt scheme investing only in government securities.
The company is present in 76 cities and has 79 branches.
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Our vision is to be a responsible player in the Indian mutual fund space, always
striving to offer best in class products across investor lifecycle. We strive hard to
deliver consistent performance over the benchmark across all our products, thereby
creating customer satisfaction. Our 12 years of existence offering a broad range of
investment products across asset classes with varying risk parameters that cater to
needs of various customer segments, have enabled us to garner trust of over 10 lac
investor
KOTAK GROUP: - ONE TEAM ONE ASSET
Kotak Mahindra Group is one of India’s leading banking and financial services
organizations, with offerings across personal financial services, commercial banking,
corporate and investment banking and markets, stock broking, asset management and
life insurance
HIGHLIGHTS:
The parent Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd. Is listed entity with market capitalization of
around USD 15.46 billion #
Highly regulated group. Various entities regulated by
SEC,FINRA,FCA(UK),DFSA, MAS, SEBI, RBI ,IRDA
The group has international offices in London , New York , Abu dhabi , Dubai ,
Singapore and Mauritius The group manages/advises close to USD 10.65 Billion of
Year Milestone1985 Kotak Mahindra Finance Limited commences bill discounting business
1987 Kotak Mahindra Finance Limited enters leasing and hire purchase business
1990 Starts the auto finance division for financing passenger cars
1991 Launches investment banking business1992 Enters the funds syndication business1995 Commenced joint venture with Goldman Sachs Group Inc.
Investment Banking division incorporated into a separate company - Kotak Mahindra Capital Company
1996 The auto finance business is hived off into a separate company - Kotak Mahindra Prime Limited (formerly known as Kotak Mahindra Primus Limited).
Kotak Mahindra takes a significant stake in Ford Credit Kotak Mahindra Limited, for financing Ford vehicles.
1998 Launches mutual fund through Kotak Mahindra Asset Management Company (KMAMC).
2000 Kotak Securities launches online broking business
2001 Launches insurance business, partners Old Mutual from South Africa to form Kotak Mahindra Old Mutual Life Insurance Ltd.
2003 Kotak Mahindra Finance Ltd. (KMFL), the group's flagship company, receives banking license from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). With this, KMFL becomes the first non-banking finance company to be converted into a commercial bank - Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd.
2004 Enters alternate assets business with the launch of a private equity fund.
2005 Kotak Mahindra Group realigns joint venture in Ford Credit; takes 100% ownership of Kotak Mahindra Prime (formerly known as Kotak Mahindra Primus Limited) and sells its stake in Ford credit Mahindra to Ford.
2005 Launches a real estate fund
2006 Buys out Goldman Sachs' equity stake in Kotak Mahindra Capital Company and Kotak Securities Ltd.
2008 Launched a Pension Fund under India's National Pension System (NPS)
2009 Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd. opens a representative office in Dubai
Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd. becomes anchor investor in Ahmedabad Commodities Exchange (ACE)
2015 ING Vysya Bank has merged with Kotak Mahindra Bank with effect from April 1, 2015.[7]
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Merger with ING Vysya Bank
In 2014, Kotak Bank acquired ING Vysaya Bank for a deal valued at ₹15000 crore
(US$2.4 billion). With the merger, the total human resource count will jump to almost 40,000
heads and the branch was expected to rise over 1200.[8] Post the merger, ING Group which
controlled ING Vysya Bank will own 7% share in Kotak Mahindra Bank.[9]
Symbol :-
The symbol of the infinite Ka reflects our global Indian personality. The Ka is
uniquely Indian while its curve forms the infinity sign, which is universal. One of the basic
tenets of economists is that man's needs are unlimited. The infinite Kasymbolises that we have
Kotak Mahindra Old Mutual Life Insurance 1042 873 1091
Kotak Mahindra AMC & Trustee Co 126 116 126
International Subsidiaries 410 388 419
Kotak Investment Advisors 240 224 249
Other Entities 32 33 32
Total 19901 17973 20682
Add: Associates 549 538 563
Less: Minority, Inter-company and Other Adjustments
-1374 -1283 -1460
Consolidated Net worth 19076 17228 19785
Performance of Kotak Mutual Fund:-
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Q4FY14 Q1FY14 Q1FY15 FY14 FY150
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
33502
3770035885
31261
35689
Avg. AUM in Cr.
Avg. AUM in Cr.
Kotak Mahindra AMC and Trustee Co.
` cr Q4FY14 Q1FY14 Q1FY15 FY14
Total income 42 37 29 177
Profit before tax 5 11 60
Profit after tax 4 7 41
Average AUM (bn) 335 377 359 357
Average AUM - Equity (bn) 34 30 39 31
Products & Service Overview:-
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Kotak Equity Fund
fund name DescriptionKotak 50 Kotak 50 is an open-ended equity scheme. The investment
objective of the Scheme is to generate capital appreciation from a portfolio of predominantly equity and equity related securities. The portfolio will generally comprise of equity & equity related instruments of around 50 companies which may go up to 59 companies.
Kotak Midcap
Kotak Midcap is an open-ended equity growth scheme. The investment objective is to generate capital appreciation from a diversified portfolio of equity & equity related instruments.
Kotak Opportunities
Kotak Opportunities is an open-ended equity growth scheme. The investment objective of the scheme is to generate capital appreciation from a diversified portfolio of equity & equity related instruments.
Kotak Classic Equity
Kotak Classic Equity is an open - ended equity growth scheme. The investment objective of the scheme is to generate capital appreciation from a diversified portfolio of equity and equity related securities.
Kotak Tax Saver
Kotak Tax Saver is an open-ended equity linked saving scheme. The investment objective of the scheme is to generate long-term capital appreciation from a diversified portfolio of equity and equity related securities and enable investors to avail the income tax rebate, as permitted from time to time.
Kotak Equity Arbitrage Fund
Kotak Equity Arbitrage is an open-ended equity growth scheme. The investment objective of the scheme is to generate capital appreciation and income by predominantly investing in arbitrage opportunities in the cash and derivatives segment of the equity market, and by investing the balance in debt and money market instruments.
Kotak
Emerging
Equity
Scheme
Kotak Emerging Equity is a open ended equity growth scheme. The investment objective of the scheme is to generate long-term capital appreciation from a portfolio of equity and equity related securities by investing predominantly in mid and small cap companies.
Kotak Global
Emerging
Kotak Global Emerging Market Fund is an open-ended equity scheme. The investment objective of the scheme is
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Market to provide long-term capital appreciation by investing in an overseas mutual fund scheme that invests in a diversified portfolio of securities as prescribed by SEBI from time to time in global emerging markets.
Kotak Select
Focus Fund
Kotak Select Focus Fund is an open-ended equity scheme. The investment objective of the scheme is to generate long-term capital appreciation from a portfolio of equity and equity related securities, generally focused on a few selected sectors.
Kotak
Infrastructure
& Economic
Reform Fund
The investment objective of the Scheme is to generate long-term capital appreciation from a diversified portfolio of predominantly (at least 65%) equity and equity-related securities of companies involved in economic development of India as a result of potential investments in infrastructure and unfolding economic reforms. There is no assurance that the investment objective of the Scheme will be achieved.
Kotak World
Gold Fund
The primary investment objective of the Scheme is to provide long term capital appreciation by investing predominantly in units of Falcon Gold Equity Fund. The Scheme may, at the discretion of the Investment Manager, also invest in the units of other similar overseas mutual fund schemes. The Scheme may also invest a certain portion of its corpus in debt and money market securities and/or units of debt/liquid schemes of Mutual Funds, in order to meet liquidity requirements from time to time. However, there is no assurance that the investment objective of the Scheme will be realized.
Kotak US
Equity Fund
The primary investment objective of the scheme is to provide long term capital appreciation by investing in units
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of a fund that invests predominantly in equity and equity-related securities of companies having assets, products or operations in the United States. However, there is no assurance that the objective of the scheme will be realized
Kotak Debt Funds:-
fund name Description
Kotak
Monthly
Income Plan
Kotak Monthly Income Plan is an open ended income fund. Monthly income is not assured and is subject to availability of distributable surplus. The investment objective of the scheme is to enhance returns over a portfolio of debt instruments with a moderate exposure in equity and equity related instruments.
Kotak Bond Kotak Bond is an open ended debt scheme, with an investment objective to create a portfolio of debt and money market instruments of different maturities so as to spread the risk across a wide maturity horizon and different kinds of issuers in the debt market.
Kotak Bond
Short Term
Kotak Bond Short Term plan is an open ended debt scheme. The investment objective of Kotak Bond Short Term is to provide reasonable returns and high level of liquidity by investing in debt and money market instruments of different maturities so as to spread the risk across different kind of issuers in the debt market.
Kotak Liquid Kotak Liquid fund is an open ended debt scheme. The investment objective is to provide reasonable returns and high level of liquidity by investing in debt and money market instruments of different maturities so as to spread risk across different kinds of issuers in the debt markets.
Kotak Kotak Banking and PSU Debt Fund is an Open Ended Debt
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Banking and
PSU Debt
Fund
Scheme. The investment objective of the scheme is to generate income by predominantly investing in debt & money market securities issued by Banks & PSUs and Reverse repos in such securities, sovereign securities issued by the Central Government and State Governments, and / or any security unconditionally guaranteed by the Govt. of India.
Kotak Gilt
Investment
Kotak Gilt Investment is an open ended dedicated gilt unit scheme. The investment objective of the scheme is to generate risk free returns through investments in sovereign securities issued by the Central and/or State Government(s) and / or reverse repos in such securities.
Kotak Flexi
Debt
Kotak Flexi Debt is an open ended debt scheme. The investment objective is to maximize returns through active management of a portfolio of debt and money market securities.
Kotak
Treasury
Advantage
Fund
The investment objective of the Scheme is to generate returns through investments in debt and money market instruments with a view to reduce the interest rate risk. However, there is no assurance or guarantee that the investment objective of the scheme will be achieved.
Kotak Floater
Short Term
Kotak Floater Short Term is an open ended debt scheme. The investment objective of the scheme is to reduce the interest rate risk associated with investments in fixed rate instruments by investing predominantly in floating rate securities, money market instruments and using appropriate derivatives. There is no assurance that or guarantee that the investment objective of the scheme will be achieved.
Kotak
Income
The Kotak Income Opportunities Fund is an open ended debt scheme. The investment objective of Kotak Income
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Opportunities
Fund
Opportunities is to generate income by investing in debt and money market securities across the yield curve and credit spectrum. The scheme would also seek to maintain reasonable liquidity within the fund. There is no assurance that or guarantee that the investment objective of the scheme will be achieved.
Kotak Multi
Asset
Allocation
Fund
Kotak Multi Asset Allocation Fund is an open ended debt scheme. The investment objective is to generate income by predominantly investing in debt and money market securities, and to generate growth by taking moderate exposure to equities and equity related instruments and provide diversification by investing in gold ETFs.
Kotak Hybrid
FTP Series 1
Kotak Hybrid Fixed Term Plan - Series I, a close-ended debt scheme with 24 months maturity. The Objective of the Scheme is to generate income and reduce interest rate volatility by investing in Debt & Money Market securities that mature on or before the maturity of the scheme, and also to generate capital appreciation by investing in equity/ equity related securities.
Kotak Low
Duration
Fund
The primary objective of the Scheme is to generate income through investment primarily in low duration debt & money market securities. There is no assurance or guarantee that the investment objective of the scheme will be achieved.
Kotak
Corporate
Bond Fund
The Fund seeks to generate income and capital appreciation largely through a focus on investments in corporate debt securities. There is no assurance or guarantee that the investment objective of the scheme will be achieved.
Kotak Balance Fund :-
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fund name Description
Kotak
Balance
Kotak Balance is an open ended balanced scheme. The investment objective is to achieve growth by investing in equity and equity related instruments, balanced with income generation by investing in debt and money market instruments.
Kotak Fund Of Funds:-
fund name Description
Kotak
Asset
Allocator
Fund
Kotak Asset Allocator Fund is an open ended fund of funds scheme. The investment objective of the scheme is to generate long-term capital appreciation from a portfolio created by investing in specified open-ended equity, and debt schemes of Kotak Mahindra Mutual Fund. However, there is no assurance that the investment objective of the Scheme will be realized.
Kotak Gold
Fund
Kotak Gold Fund of Fund is an open ended fund of fund scheme. The investment objective of the scheme is to generate returns by investing in units of Kotak Gold Exchange Traded Fund.
Kotak Exchanged Traded Funds:-
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fund name Description
Kotak Gold
ETF
Kotak Gold ETF is an open-ended gold exchange traded fund. The investment objective of Kotak Gold ETF is to generate returns that are in line with the returns on investment in physical gold, subject to tracking error.
Kotak PSU
Bank ETF
Kotak PSU Bank ETF is an open-ended exchange traded fund. The investment objective of the scheme is to provide returns that closely correspond to the total returns of CNX PSU Bank Index, subject to tracking errors
Kotak
Sensex
ETF
Kotak SENSEX ETF is an open-ended exchange traded fund. The investment of the scheme is to provide returns before expenses that closely correspond to the total returns of the BSE SENSEX, subject to tracking errors.
Kotak Nifty
ETF
Kotak Nifty ETF is an open-ended exchange traded fund. The investment objective of the scheme is to provide returns before expenses that closely correspond to the total returns of the S&P CNX Nifty subject, to tracking errors.
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SWOT Analysis:-
Strengths:-
Employees are highly empowered
Strong communication network
Vast area of service
Innovative financial products of diverse categories
Weakness:-
Lesser penetration as being late entrants
Low publicity and marketing as compared to other premium Mf in the
urban area
Opportunity:-
Many of the mutual fund companies are presently functioning in the urban
area, but in country like India were the substation part of total population lives in
the rural area, also the mutual fund company needs to expand their business in
the unexplored rural area which will lead to the substantial increase in the total
amount which is invested in mutual fund.
BUILD TRUST AMONG THE CUSTOMER
PROVIDE SATISFACTION TO THE CUSTOMER
Threats:-
Increased Competitions: With intense competition by so many local players
causing headache to the current marketers. In addition to this though
multinational brands are not yet established but still they will soon hit the mark.
Almost 60 to 70% of the revenue is spending on the management and services.
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Hedge Funds: sometimes referred to as hot money, are also causing a threat for
mutual funds. They have gained worldwide notoriety for bringing the markets
down. Be it a crash in the currency, stock or bond market, usually a hedge fund
prominently figures somewhere in the picture.
INTRODUCTION OF STUDY :-
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The purpose of this study is to know the comparison of different type of
investment avenues mutual. To know the total market share of the mutual fund
and other avenues between different players. To know the industry of mutual
fund. This study helps to classify various schemes provided by Kotak Mutual
Fund Company.
Background of study
A Mutual Fund is a trust that pools the savings of a number of investors who
share a common financial goal. The money thus collected is invested by the fund
manager in different types of securities depending upon the objective of the
scheme. These could range from shares to debentures to money market
instruments. The income earned through these investments and the capital
appreciations realized by the scheme are shared by its unit holders in proportion
to the Number of units owned by them (pro - rata). Thus, a Mutual Fund is the
most suitable investment for the common man as it offers an opportunity to
invest in a diversified, professionally managed portfolio at a relatively low cost.
Anybody with an investible surplus of as little as a few thousand rupees can
invest in Mutual Funds.
Literature Review
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Gaurav Agarval And Dr. Mini Jain On The Topic Of “Investor’s Preference Towards Mutual Fund In Comparison To Other Investment Avenues” From “Journal Of Indian Research (Issn: 2321-4155) Vol.1, No.4, October-December,
2013”
In today’s competitive environment, different kinds of investment avenues are
available to the investors. All investment modes have advantages &
disadvantages. An investor tries to balance these benefits and shortcomings of
different investment modes before investing in them. Among various investment
modes, Mutual Fund is the most suitable investment mode for the common man,
as it offers an opportunity to invest in a diversified and professionally managed
portfolio at a relatively low cost. In this paper, an attempt is made to study mainly
the investment avenue preferred by the investors of Mathura, and we have tried
to analyze the investor’s preference towards investment in mutual funds when
other investment avenues are also available in the market.
Rashmi Sharma and N. K. Pandya on the topic of “Investing in Mutual Fund: An Overview” from “Asian Research Journal of Business Management” Issue
1(Vol.1)2013
In this paper, structure of mutual fund, comparison between investments in
mutual
Fund and other investment options and calculation of NAV etc. have been
considered. In this paper, the impacts of various demographic factors on
investors’ attitude towards mutual fund have been studied. For measuring
various phenomena and analyzing the collected data effectively and efficiently for
drawing sound conclusions, drawing pie charts has been used and for analyzing
the various factors responsible for investment in mutual funds.
Sanjay Jadeja
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Manoj Kumar, Sr. Assistant Professor on the topic of “A Study of Customers’ Preference towards Investment in Equity Shares and Mutual Funds” from “International Journal of Education and Psychological Research (IJEPR) ISSN: 2279-0179 Volume 2, Issue 2, pp: 95-100, April 2013”
Investment is the employment of funds on assets with the aim of earning income
or capital appreciation. In the past, investment avenues were limited to real
estates, schemes of the post office and banks. At present, a wide variety of
investment avenues are open to the investors to suit their needs and nature. The
required level of return and the risk tolerance level decide the choice of the
investor. It is necessary to know that investor prefer which particular investment
instrument and why? The main purpose of this research paper is to find
Investors‟ preference for various investment alternatives particularly shares and
mutual funds.
Sandip Bansal On The Topic Of “Investor’s Perception Regarding Mutual Funds And Other Investment Tools” From “Journal Of International Academic Research For Multidisciplinary Impact Factor 1.393, Issn: 2320-5083, Volume 2, Issue 5, June 2014”
In the context of growing importance of mutual funds in the developing countries
like India, majority of the investors prefer mutual funds as a good tool of
investment. Mutual funds pool the savings of small investors and made the
investment in blue chip companies. Due to these reasons the present study’s
main objective are to analyze investor’s perception regarding the mutual fund
industry in India and other investment tools. Large number of new other
investment tools could have led to competition with the mutual funds for their
existence. The study made a comparative analysis of the mutual fund and other
investment tools. The study aims to help understand the investor’s behavior
towards mutual fund and various other investment plans like PPF, FD life
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insurance, equity etc. The study required design a questionnaire and to do a
primary survey on investor perception towards mutual Funds and other
investment tools The target respondents of the primary survey were walk in
investors in ICICI bank and various professional people. The data gathered from
the primary survey and secondary survey and to find various factors that affect
an investor decisions while choosing Mutual Fund plan other investment plan
and risk factors which involve in mutual fund. The findings of the study reveal
that mostly investors are not aware about all investment tools and mostly see the
transparency in investment tools during invest in particular tools
SEBI – NCAER Survey (2000) was carried out to estimate the number of households
and the population of individual investors, their economic and demographic profile,
portfolio size, and investment preference for equity as well as other savings
instruments. This is a unique and comprehensive study of Indian Investors, for which
data was collected from 3,0,00,000 geographically dispersed rural and urban
households. Some of the relevant findings of the study are : Households preference
for instruments match their risk perception; Bank Deposit has an appeal across all
income class; 43% of the non-investor households equivalent to around 60 million
households (estimated) apparently lack awareness about stock markets; and,
compared with low income groups, the higher income groups have higher share of
investments in Mutual Funds (MFs) signifying that MFs have still not become truly the
investment vehicle for small investors.
Bodla B. S., Bishnoi Sunita(2008) has concluded in their study that the mutual fund
investors in India at present have as many as 609 schemes with variety of features
such as dividend, growth, cumulative interest income, monthly income plans, sectoral
plans, equity linked schemes, money market schemes, etc. Though both open-end
and close-end schemes have registered excellent growth in fund mobilization, but
currently the former category of schemes is more popular among the investors.
Portfolio-wise analysis has brought that income schemes have an edge over growth
schemes in terms of assets under management. Moreover UTI’s share in total assets
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under management has come down to 11.8 percent in 2006 from 82.5 percent in
1998.
Statement of problem:
Research Problem:
The main reason behind this problem was to find out the preference of different
investors towards different type of investment avenues. Which avenue is preferred
most by them and for which reason.
To find out the most preferred Investment Avenue.
To find out the perceptions of investors behind investing in different avenues.
To analyze the portfolio of different type of investors in the area.
To study on different types of investment avenues and find their benefits.
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Objective of the study:
To find out the most preferred Investment Avenue of the investors of Rajkot.
To analyze the investor’s preference towards investment in mutual funds when other investment avenues are also available in the market.
To find the main bases of different investment avenues, an investor thinks before investing.
To find out the overall criterion of investors regarding investment.
To analyse the different type of portfolios of different investors in Rajkot.
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Contribution and learning from the project:
In this project I came to know about the real scenario of the current market of the
market. The preference of investors in different set of invests avenues. How many of
them are preferring mutual fund compared to others.
I have personally called many of the investors for this matter and tried to get their
views on this. I have also tried to convince many of them for investing in mutual fund
under systemic investment plans (sip).
I have also personally met some of the investors for this matter talked to them
and tried to make them convinced for investing in sip.
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Research MethodologyResearch design:
There are three different types of research designs that can be used, which are
descriptive, exponential and causal. For the purpose of my research I have used
descriptive research design. This design gives proper idea about the whole situation
and describes it thoroughly.
Sampling Method:
There are many type of methods that can be used for selecting samples for the
research. I have used convenient sampling method.
Sample size:
Sample size for the purpose of my research was 100. I had selected this samples
from different set of investors.
Sources of data:
There are mostly two sources for data collection for the study. These are primary
and secondary data sources.
For the primary data collection I have used questionnaire. I filled 100
questionnaires from different investors.
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For the secondary data sources I used fact sheets, pamphlets, company web
site, internet and other findings of different surveys done by others.
Data Collection Method:
Primary data are collected with help of questionnaire and secondary data was
collected with the help of Journals , Magazines , Fact sheet , Websites
Data Collection Instrument:
Questionnaire is used as instrument for collecting primary data
Data processing:
Data processing is done with the Help Ms. Excel, I have filtered the data then
interpretation of Data is done with help of various excel formulas.
Private Government Bussiness Self Employed Retired0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
75
414
6 1
Profession
Profession
Interpretations :-
From the above information we can say that 75% of respondents are Private firm
Employee 14% are business person and rest are from Government, Retired and Self
employed
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2} Do you invest in Mutual fund?
Inviting MF or Not
Yes 33
No 67
33%
67%
Inveting MF or Not
YesNo
Interpretations:-
From the above chart we can say that Majority of investors are not investing in
Mutual fund there only 33% of investors who are investing in Mutual fund. Others are
investing in different sources.
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3} Apart from Mutual fund where do you invest?
Other Investment
Equity 20
Government Schemes 15
FD 20
Gold 25
insurance 20
20
15
20
25
20
Other Investment
EquityGovernment SchemesFDGoldinsurance
Interpretation:-
From the above information we can say that Majority of investors are investing
Gold and FD for security of their funds, the percentage of them is 20. There some
investors who are investing their fund in insurance, Equity and Government Securities.
There are about 20% of people who are investing in direct equity.
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4} Types of Mutual fund you prefer :
Type of MF
Public 24
Private 9
Public Private0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
74%
26%
Type of MF
Type of MF
Interpretation:
From the above information we can say the majority of investors (74%) are
investing in public Mutual Fund and only 26% of investors are investing private
mutual fund. The reason for that is that they think it is more secured.
5} Duration Of investment
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Duration of investmentLong Term 51Short Term 47Both 2
Long Term Short Term Both 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
5147
2
Duration of investment
Duration of investment
From the above information we can say that there is 51% of investors who are
investing their funds for long term duration and 47 % of investor investing for short
term duration
Only 2% of investors are investing in both long as well as short term duration.
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6} Mode of investment:
Mode
Monthly 26
Lump sum 16
Both 57
others 1
Monthly Lump sum Both others0
10
20
30
40
50
60
26
16
57
1
Mode
Mode
From the above chart we can say that majority of investors are investing in both
mode of investment, there are only 16% of investors investing lump sum and 26% of
investors are investing in Monthly only 1% invest in other mode. There are around
57% of the investors who goes for both as per their schemes and requirements.
7} Criteria of investment:
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Criteria
NAV 43%
AMC 27%
Rating 8%
Expert Advise 22%
43%
27%
8%
22%
Criteria
NAVAMCRatingExpert Advise
From the above chart we can say that Most of the investors check the NAV of the
company before investing into that Mutual fund Schemes. They are around 43% of the
total.
27% of the investor invests on the basis of AMC and rest are investing on the
basis of Ratings and expert advice.
8} Types of Schemes:
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Types of schemes
Equity 21
both 68
Hybrid 5
Debt 6
21
68
56
Types of schemes
EquitybothHybridDebt
In this case most of the investors are investing in both schemes debt as well as
equity. But there are some investors who are only investing in equity, they are about
21%. And there are few investors who are investing only in debt, which are only about
6%. There are very few investors who are investing in hybrid fund.
9} Risk portion involved in your investment
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Risk profile
High risk 14
Moderate 67
Low risk 6
No Risk 13
High risk Moderate Low risk No Risk0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
14
67
6
13
Risk profile
Risk profile
From the above graph we can say that, most of the investors are in the moderate
risk portion, means they are not willing to take too much risk (67%). Then there are
also some investors who are risk takers (14%).
There are also some investors who are not willing to take any amount of risk
which are 13%
10 } Features you look for investment
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Features Safety 33Liquidity 14NAV 23Fund Manager 5Risk factor 10Returns 15
Safety Liquidity NAV Fund Manager Risk factor Returns0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35 33
14
23
5
10
15
Features
From the above chart we can see that around 33% of the investors are looking at safety while investing their money. Then the nav of the scheme is given the preference.
There are around 14% of the investors who look for liquidity when investing & 15% for returns.
11} Objective of investment
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objective
Return 58
Tax 24
Appreciation 6
Liquidity 12
5824
6
12
objective
ReturnTaxAppreciationLiquidity
The above chart shows us the objectives of the investors. Most of the people
look for return when investing (58%).
Then around 24% look for tax purpose, 12% look for liquidity & 6% of them go for
appreciation.
12} Knowledge level of investment
Knowledge level
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Good 15Moderate 75Poor 10
Good
Moderate
Poor
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
15
75
10
Knowledge level
Knowledge level
The given chart shows the knowledge level of the investors. Most of them falls
under the category of moderate level of knowledge (75%).
Then there are 15% of the people having good knowledge & 10% are having
poor or no knowledge.
13} whom you consult for investment ?
Consultation
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Personal Advisor 14
Broker 9
Banker 6
Other 69
Personal Advisor Broker Banker Other0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
149
6
69
Consultation
Consultation
The above chart shows us whom people consult before making investment. It
says that 14% go for personal advisor, 9% go to brokers & 6% asks to bankers.
While the remaining people look to family, friends or take the decision by their
own self.
14} Causes for not investing in Mutual Fund
CausesNot Lucrative 5
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No Satisfaction 8No Safety 23No knowledge 14Risky 24
Not Lucrative No Satisfaction No Safety No knowledge Risky 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
5
8
23
14
24
Causes
Causes
The above data gives us information about the main reasons for which people
are not investing in mutual fund. Most of them consider it as risky (24%) & not safe.
Around 14% of people are not having sufficient knowledge.
8% of people think that it is not giving proper return as compared to others. And
5% thinks that it is not a lucrative investment option.
15} where will you put your money if having more savings?
Proffered OptionEquity 16
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Mf 12Real Estate 16gold 24Commodity 9FD 23
16
12
1624
9
23
Preffered Option
EquityMfReal EstategoldCommodityFD
The above data shows the preference of investors towards different avenues.
Most preferred source is gold and FD which is favored by 24% & 23% respectively.
After that 16% of people go for equity and real estate. Then 12% people thinks
that MF is good and only 9% go for commodity market.
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Results and Findings
From the above data & charts we can say that from total investors there are only
33% of the people are investing in mutual fund. The most preferred avenue by the
investors is gold. More than 25% of them are investing in gold.
The main objective of people behind the investment is return which is considered
by 58% of people. There are 33% of the people who gives most priority to safety.
There are only 14% of the people who are willing to take high risk & 68% go for
moderate risk.
Most of the investors look for NAV( net asset value) while investing in particular
scheme, which are around 48%. The investors go for both the long and short term
investment. Most of the MF investors go for equity schemes and that also of public
firms.
The main reason behind people not investing in MF is that they (24%) think that it
is risky as it is related to the share market. Around 14% are not having knowledge of
how to invest & 8% thinks that it is not giving proper return as compared to others.
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Suggestions and conclusion
After analyzing & interpreting the data received from the respondents, it may be
concluded that maximum investors are aware about Banks FD & insurance as
investment avenues only. More than 80% investors are aware about Mutual Funds,
Real Estate, and NSC investment avenues.
Following are the main bases of different investment modes, an investor thinks
before investing:
Mode Preference Mode PreferenceBanks for Safety
Real estate for Return
LIC for Safety
Comm. Mkt. for Return & liquidity
PPF for Safety
Gold for Safety
Stock Mkt. for Return & liquidity
Mutual fund for Return & Tax Planning
Bonds for Safety & Tax Planning
Post office for Safety & Tax
Looking from different perspective, it is also evident that the overall and main
criterion of the investors regarding their investments is Return. Therefore, on the basis
of Safety, Bank FD & insurance are the most preferred avenues of investments it
provides maximum safety. On the basis of Return, Real Estate & Mutual Funds are the
most preferred avenues of investment as it provides maximum return.
Similarly, on the basis of Tax Planning, Post Office Schemes & Mutual Funds
are the most preferred avenues of investment. Therefore, the preference is given to
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investment in Mutual Funds amidst availability of other traditional investment avenues
in the market.
Lastly, if the investors have been provided more funds, then they would like to
invest in Real Estate because of its rapid growth. Therefore, on the whole, it may be
concluded that the Real Estate is the most preferred investment avenue of the
investors of Mathura. The Mutual fund has yet to percolate down as the preferred
mode of investment in the aria of Rajkot.
For the suggestion part I would suggest that the MF firm should try & make
people aware that mutual fund is very good option for them for investment as it gives
very good return, is most liquid transparent mode of investment.
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Limitations of the study
As far as this research is concerned, the biggest limitation of the study was that it
was only limited to the Rajkot area.
The samples selected under the research were only limited to 100. So the finding
of this cannot be implemented to other areas & other people. The method of data
collection here was both primary and secondary, so the sources cannot be fully trusted
as it is related to the personal thinking & beliefs.
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Scope for Further Research
There is a huge scope for the further research on this topic and the subject as
this study was only limited to one specific area and for small amount of sample.
There can be a big research done on this subject by including more cities or
states and the research can be done at India level by including more samples.
The result of the study can be more concrete and trustable by using more
specific and accurate method of sampling & data collection.
Sanjay Jadeja
83
Bibliography
Journals:
Agraval, G., & Jain, D. Investor’s Preference Towards Mutual Fund In Comparison To Other Investment Avenues, 1(4), 115-131. doi: October to December 2013
Kumar, M. A Study of Customers’ Preference towards Investment in Equity Shares and Mutual Funds, 2(2), 95-100. doi: April 2013
Bansal, Sandeep, Investor’s Perception Regarding Mutual Funds And Other Investment Tools, 2(5), Doi: June 2014
Books:
Kothari, C.R. (2006). Research Methodology, 2nd edition, New Delhi: New Age International Pvt. Ltd., pp 11, 130.
1) Name:___________________________________________________________2) No : __________________________________3) Email :__________________________________4) Age :________________
5) Gender :- Male Female
6) What Is Your Profession? Government Employee Self Employed Business Person Professional Pvt. Ltd Employee Other
7) Do You Make Savings? What Is The Percentage? __________________________________________
8) Do You Invest In Mutual Fund? Yes No
9) Apart Of Mutual Fund, Where Do You Invest? Equity Market Insurance Gov. Scheme Gold/ Silver
Fixed Deposit
10) Type Of Mutual Fund You Prefer. Public Private
11) Duration Of Investment. Long Term Short Term
12) Mode Of Investment. Monthly ( SIP / STP ) Lump Sum Other
13) Criteria For Investment.
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Past Performance Rating AMC Expert Advise
14) You Have Invest In Which Mutual Fund Company? Name Few Companies That You Have Invested
_____________________________________________
15) Which Mutual Funds Schemes Do You Invest? Equity Funds Debt Funds Hybrid Funds
16) Name Equity Funds. Diversified Equity Mid Cap Index Fund Tax Saving Fund Sector Specific Fund Other ________________
17) Name Debt Funds. Gilt Funds Income Funds MIPS STP Liquid Funds
18) Risk Portion Involved In Your Investment. Aggressive ( High Risk ) Conservative (No Risk) Somewhat Aggressive (Moderate Risk ) Somewhat Conservative
19) Features You Look For In Investment?
Safety Return Earning Liquidity NAV Risk Factor Profile Of Fund Manager
20) What Is Your Objective Of Your Investment? Return Appreciation Tax Liquidity
21) Your Knowledge Level Of Investment. Good Moderate Poor
22) Whom You Consult For Investment. Personal Adviser Banker
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Broker Other _______________
23) Causes For Not Investing In Mutual Fund? It’s Not Lucrative Investment Instrument No Knowledge Of How To Invest No Satisfactory Return Compare To Other. Risky Investment. No Safety Of Fund Invests.
24) Where Will You Put Your Money If Having More Savings? Equity Market Gold / Silver Mutual Fund Commodity Real Estate
