My ‘Last Lecture’My ‘Last Lecture’My ‘Last Lecture’My ‘Last Lecture’Dick DayDick Day

We Live We Live in the World in the World We CreateWe Create

We Live We Live in the World in the World We CreateWe Create

Dr. Randy PauschDr. Randy PauschDr. Randy PauschDr. Randy Pausch

We live in a world we create

We Live We Live in the World in the World We CreateWe Create

We Live We Live in the World in the World We CreateWe Create

Genetic DeterminantsGenetic DeterminantsGenetic DeterminantsGenetic Determinants

IntelligenceIntelligenceIntelligenceIntelligence

AnxietyAnxietyAnxietyAnxiety

DepressionDepressionDepressionDepression

Stress ReactionStress ReactionStress ReactionStress Reaction

Religious Religious AttitudesAttitudesReligious Religious AttitudesAttitudes

Political Political IdeologyIdeologyPolitical Political IdeologyIdeology

PersonalityPersonalityPersonalityPersonality

Situational DeterminantsSituational DeterminantsSituational DeterminantsSituational Determinants

Situational DeterminantsSituational DeterminantsSituational DeterminantsSituational Determinants

Situational DeterminantsSituational DeterminantsSituational DeterminantsSituational Determinants

Person DeterminantsPerson DeterminantsPerson DeterminantsPerson Determinants

Person DeterminantsPerson DeterminantsPerson DeterminantsPerson Determinants

Person DeterminantsPerson DeterminantsPerson DeterminantsPerson Determinants

Reciprocal Determinism (1)

BehaviorBehaviorEvaluationEvaluation

SituationSituation

PersonPerson

Reciprocal DeterminismReciprocal DeterminismReciprocal DeterminismReciprocal Determinism

Reciprocal Determinism – repeating

BehaviorBehaviorEvaluationEvaluation

SituationSituation

PersonPerson

Reciprocal DeterminismReciprocal DeterminismReciprocal DeterminismReciprocal Determinism

Barb and GlendaBarb and GlendaBarb and GlendaBarb and Glenda

Barbara:Barbara: People are distant, aloof, People are distant, aloof, untrustworthy, self-centered, out for untrustworthy, self-centered, out for themselves. themselves.

Glenda:Glenda: People are good, unselfish, People are good, unselfish, trustworthy, helpful, friendly.trustworthy, helpful, friendly.

Late Bloomers

Late Bloomers

The Pygmalion EffectThe Pygmalion EffectThe Pygmalion EffectThe Pygmalion Effect

Rosenthal & Jacobson (1968/1992)Rosenthal & Jacobson (1968/1992)Rosenthal & Jacobson (1968/1992)Rosenthal & Jacobson (1968/1992)

StudentsStudents

IQ HigherIQ HigherIQ HigherIQ Higher

Teacher EffectivenessTeacher EffectivenessTeacher EffectivenessTeacher Effectiveness

66%66% on test on test66%66% on test on test

Feldman & Prohaska (1979)Feldman & Prohaska (1979)Feldman & Prohaska (1979)Feldman & Prohaska (1979)

“Effective”“Effective” “Incompetent”“Incompetent”

Lesson easierLesson easierLesson easierLesson easierLesson more interestingLesson more interestingLesson more interestingLesson more interestingLesson more effectiveLesson more effectiveLesson more effectiveLesson more effective

52%52% on test on test52%52% on test on test

Students told teacher was:Students told teacher was:Students told teacher was:Students told teacher was:

University RoommatesUniversity RoommatesUniversity RoommatesUniversity Roommates

McNulty & Swann (1994)McNulty & Swann (1994)McNulty & Swann (1994)McNulty & Swann (1994)

Roommate 1Roommate 1 Roommate 2Roommate 2

Roommate 2Roommate 2Roommate 1Roommate 1

Time 1Time 1Time 1Time 1

Time 2Time 2Time 2Time 2

““How do you see How do you see yourself?”yourself?”

““How do you see How do you see yourself?”yourself?”

““How do you see How do you see your roommate?”your roommate?”““How do you see How do you see your roommate?”your roommate?”

““How do you see How do you see yourself?”yourself?”

““How do you see How do you see yourself?”yourself?”

““How do you see How do you see your roommate?”your roommate?”““How do you see How do you see your roommate?”your roommate?”

Rejected ChildrenRejected ChildrenRejected ChildrenRejected Children

Rabiner & Coie (1989)Rabiner & Coie (1989)Rabiner & Coie (1989)Rabiner & Coie (1989)

Rejected Child 1

Rejected Child 1

Rejected Child 2

Rejected Child 2

Not Preferred

Not PreferredPreferredPreferredPreferredPreferred

ExpectationExpectationExpectationExpectation

OutcomeOutcomeOutcomeOutcome

““They want to meet you.”They want to meet you.”““They want to meet you.”They want to meet you.” “ …”“ …”“ …”“ …”

“… “… rejected children can make better impressions on rejected children can make better impressions on peers when they expect interpersonal success”peers when they expect interpersonal success”

“… “… rejected children can make better impressions on rejected children can make better impressions on peers when they expect interpersonal success”peers when they expect interpersonal success”

Self-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling Prophecy

Snyder, Tanke & Berscheid (1977)Snyder, Tanke & Berscheid (1977)

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yake

Blah blah blah yake

Blah blah blah yaket

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yake

Blah blah blah yake

Blah blah blah yaket

The process by which we The process by which we get acquainted with each get acquainted with each other”other”

8/108/10

3/103/10

Snyder, Tanke & Berscheid (1977)Snyder, Tanke & Berscheid (1977)

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yake

Blah blah blah yake

Blah blah blah yaket

8/108/10

3/103/10

Sociable

Poised

Humorous

Socially Adept

Self-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling Prophecy

Snyder, Tanke & Berscheid (1977)Snyder, Tanke & Berscheid (1977)

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yake

Blah blah blah yake

Blah blah blah yaket

8/108/10

3/103/10

Sociable

Poised

Humorous

Socially Adept

Unsociable

Awkward

Serious

Socially Inept

Self-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling Prophecy

Snyder, Tanke & Berscheid (1977)Snyder, Tanke & Berscheid (1977)

8/108/10

3/103/10

Confident

Animated

Sociable

Liking partner

Rating FEMALE Rating FEMALE side of side of

conversationconversation

Friendly

Self-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling Prophecy

Snyder, Tanke & Berscheid (1977)Snyder, Tanke & Berscheid (1977)

8/108/10

3/103/10

InterestingIndependentSociableOutgoing

Rating MALE Rating MALE side of side of

conversationconversationHumorousConfidentSocially adept

Self-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling Prophecy

Snyder, Tanke & Berscheid (1977)Snyder, Tanke & Berscheid (1977)

ExpectationExpectationExpectationExpectation

InterestingIndependentSociableOutgoingHumorousConfidentSocially adept

ConfidentAnimatedSociableLiking partnerFriendly

Male behaviorMale behavior

Female behaviorFemale behavior

Self-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling Prophecy

Additive Additive EffectsEffects

Gene ExpressionGene Expression

GenesGenes

Non-Additive EffectsNon-Additive Effects

Two brown genesTwo brown genes

Gene ExpressionGene Expression

Gene Expression: non-additive effects

GenesGenes

Non-Additive EffectsNon-Additive Effects

Two blue genesTwo blue genes

Gene ExpressionGene Expression

GenesGenes

Non-Additive EffectsNon-Additive Effects

One brown, one One brown, one blue geneblue gene

Gene ExpressionGene Expression

Gene Expression: 1 brown, 1 blue brown eyes (Dominant-recessive)

Non-Additive EffectsNon-Additive Effects

Dominant-Dominant-Recessive EffectsRecessive Effects

One brown, one One brown, one blue geneblue gene

Gene ExpressionGene Expression

Epistatic Effects

Epistatic EffectsEpistatic Effects

Gene AGene A

Gene CGene C

ExpressedExpressedNot Not

ExpressedExpressed

Gene ExpressionGene Expression

Gene Expression: Epigenetic effects

Epigenetic EffectsEpigenetic Effects

Gene AGene AExpressedExpressed

Not Not ExpressedExpressed

Methyl groupMethyl group

Experiences in the wombExperiences in the womb

Experiences after birthExperiences after birth

Gene ExpressionGene ExpressionGene ExpressionGene Expression

Epigenetic Gene Expression: maternal licking removes methylation

Maternal licking removes methylationMaternal licking removes methylation

ExpressedExpressed

Epigenetic Gene ExpressionEpigenetic Gene Expression

Better Better stress stress

responseresponse

Epigenetic Gene ExpressionEpigenetic Gene Expression

Holland Famine, 1944Holland Famine, 1944Holland Famine, 1944Holland Famine, 1944

Pregnant Pregnant women women

malnourishedmalnourished

Babies Babies underweightunderweight

More heart More heart disease as disease as

adultsadults

More heart More heart disease as disease as

adultsadults

“What goes around, comes around.”“What goes around, comes around.”

“You can catch more flies with honey than with vinegar.”“You can catch more flies with honey than with vinegar.”

“A soft answer turns away wrath.”“A soft answer turns away wrath.”

“You get out of life what you put into it.”“You get out of life what you put into it.”

- Thank You -

Finding Information

Snyder, Tanke & Berscheid (1977)Snyder, Tanke & Berscheid (1977)

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yaketty yak blah blah

Blah blah blah yake

Blah blah blah yake

Blah blah blah yaket

8/108/10

3/103/10

Sociable

Poised

Humorous

Socially Adept

Self-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling ProphecySelf-Fulfilling Prophecy