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HISTORY OF BASKETBALL

Ranjan M. Axalan Prof. Maridel Oropesa9:00-10:00 MWF September 26, 2014

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James Naismith was the Canadian physical education instructor who invented basketball in 1891. James

Naismith was born in Almonte, Ontario and educated at McGill University and Presbyterian Cllege in

Montreal. He was the physical education teacher at McGill University (1887 to 1890) and at Springfield

College in Springfield, Massachusetts (1890 to 1895). At Springfield College (which was then the Y.M.C.A.

training school), James Naismith, under the direction of American phys-ed specialist Luther Halsey Gulick,

invented the indoor sport of basketball.

The first formal rules were devised in 1892. Initially, players dribbled a soccer ball up and down a court of

unspecified dimensions. Points were earned by landing the ball in a peach basket. Iron hoops and ahammock-style basket were introduced in 1893. Another decade passed, however, before the innovation

of open-ended nets put an end to the practice of manually retrieving the ball from the basket each time a

goal was scored.

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The Rules of Basketball

Basketball is a team sport. Two teams of five players each try to score byshooting a ball through a hoop elevated 10 feet above the ground. The game isplayed on a rectangular floor called the court, and there is a hoop at each end.The court is divided into two main sections by the mid-court line. If theoffensive team puts the ball into play behind the mid-court line, it has tenseconds to get the ball over the mid-court line. If it doesn't, then the defensegets the ball. Once the offensive team gets the ball over the mid-court line, itcan no longer have possession of the ball in the area in back of the line. If itdoes, the defense is awarded the ball.

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In basketball, a violation is the most minor class of illegal action.Most violations are committed by the team with possession of theball, when a player mishandles the ball or makes an illegal move.The typical penalty for a violation is loss of the ball to the otherteam. This is one type of turnover.

Backcourt violation (Over and back)CarryingDouble-dribbleTravelingDefensive three-second violation (Illegal defense) (penalized as atechnical foul)

Five-second ruleShot clock violation, and the related time limit to reach thefrontcourt (8- or 10-second violation)

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Three seconds rule (Lane violation)Basket interferenceGoaltendingStepping out of bounds and throwing the ball out of boundsmay also be considered violations that result in loss of the ball. Acts involving contact between opponents or unsportsmanlikeconduct are called fouls, usually a personal foul.

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BASKETBALL POSITION:

 POINT GUARD-The point guard is the team leader and playcaller on the basketball court. A point guard needs good ballhandling skills, passing skills as well as strong leadership anddecision making skills. Traditionally basketball point guards weresmall, fast players and this is still often the case. SHOOTING GUARD- The shooting guard in basketball has themain responsibility of making long outside shots including thethree-point shot. The shooting guard also should be a good passerand able to help the point guard with the ball handling. Shootingguards are often the top scorer on a team.

 SMALL FORWARD- Along with the shooting guard, the smallforward is often the most versatile player on the basketball team. POWER FORWARD- The power forward on a basketball teamis usually responsible for rebounding and some scoring in thepaint. CENTER- The center is usually the biggest or tallest member ofthe basketball team.

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POWER FORWARD-The power forward on a basketball team isusually responsible for rebounding and some scoring in the paint. Apower forward should be big and strong and able to clear out somespace under the basket. Many great power forwards in the game todaydo not score a lot of points, but lead their team in rebounds. Power

forwards are often good shot blockers as well.

 The center is usually the biggest or tallest member of the basketballteam. In the NBA, many centers are 7 feet tall or taller. The center canbe a big scorer, but also needs to be a strong rebounder and shotblocker. On many teams the center is the final line of defense. Many of

basketball's greatest players (Wilt Chamberlain, Bill Russell, Kareem,Shaq) have been centers. A strong center presence was longconsidered the only way to win an NBA championship.

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 THANK YOU ANDGOD BLESS YOU