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Myanmar-Cambodia-Lao PDR
World Bank Priorities
February 2018Tokyo, Japan
Trends in Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction in
Myanmar, Cambodia and Lao PDR
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GDP
per
capi
ta (U
S$)
Poverty rate (US$1.90 per day PPP)
Source: World Bank
Peaceful and Prosperous
Societies
Human Capital Development
Private Sector Growth &
Competitiveness
Effective Local & State Institutions
Environment, Climate Change
& Natural Resource Mgt
Rural Development and Resilience
Summary of Strategic Priorities for Myanmar, Cambodia & Lao PDR Country Management Unit
Effectiveness of State and Local Institutions World Governance Indicators, 2016
Indicator Country Year
Voice and Accountability East Asia & Pacific 2016Cambodia 2016Lao PDR 2016Myanmar 2016
Government Effectiveness East Asia & Pacific 2016Cambodia 2016Lao PDR 2016Myanmar 2016
Regulatory Quality East Asia & Pacific 2016Cambodia 2016Lao PDR 2016Myanmar 2016
Rule of Law East Asia & Pacific 2016Cambodia 2016Lao PDR 2016Myanmar 2016
Control of Corruption East Asia & Pacific 2016Cambodia 2016Lao PDR 2016Myanmar 2016
Percentile Rank (0 to 100)
Fiscal management, PFM, PAR, D&D, institution-building……but also social accountability, citizen engagement, 3rd party monitoring (ICT enabled)
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Cambodia: DB Ranking 2017 Lao PDR: DB Ranking 2017Myanmar: DB Ranking 2017
Private Sector Growth and Competitiveness
Myanmar: Competitiveness 2016 Cambodia: Competitiveness 2016 Lao PDR: Competitiveness 2016
Infrastructure for Competitiveness and Growth
Myanmar
Vietnam
Lao
Cambodia
Indonesia
Philippines
Thailand
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0Air t
rans
port
, reg
iste
red
carr
ier d
epar
ture
s wor
ldw
ide
per ‘
000,
000
popu
latio
n
Liner shipping connectivity index (maximum value in 2004 = 100)
Transport Connectivity
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Country Percent of urban population living in slums
Urban slumpopulation (millions)
Cambodia 55.1 1.7
Lao PDR 42.7 0.8
Myanmar 41.0 7.3
China 25.2 191.1
Indonesia 21.8 29.2
Philippines 38.3 17.0
Vietnam 27.2 8.2
Urban Population Living in Slum Areas (2014)
Source: UN, 2014
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Human Capital Development: Overcoming Malnutrition and Providing Quality Social Services
China, 9%
Vietnam, 25%
Cambodia, 32%
Indonesia, 37%
Lao PDR, 44%
Myanmar, 29%
Philippines, 33%
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
% o
f chi
ldre
n un
der 5
who
are
stun
ted
Stunting rates are falling, but remain around 30-44 percent in all three countries
Source: WDI
10%
32% 33%
0%5%
10%15%20%25%30%35%
Myanmar,Grade 2
Lao, Grade 2 Cambodia,Grade 2
Percent of second graders who could not read a single word
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Agric
ultu
ral V
alue
Add
ed (%
of T
otal
)
Agricultural Employment (% of Total)
Agri-Based
Pre-Transition
Urbanizing Transition
Developed
Agricultural supply growth –Basic rural infrastructure and
agricultural services, Uptake of improved inputs, slow
improvement in extension services.
AgBiz Growth – increased scale, knowledge-based farming; mechanization;
contract farming, sustainable commodities
Expanding Export Markets –food safety, international standards,
processed foods, gradual urbanization
Agricultural productivity and diversification—Market linkages;
Core SPS services; Meeting changing urban consumption patterns; Attracting private
investment
Myanmar
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LAO PDR
Cambodia
Agricultural Transformation
Rural Development and Resilience: Enhancing Agricultural Productivity, Adding Value, Expanding Export
Markets
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Climate Vulnerability and Readiness Index 2015
Myanmar, Cambodia and Lao: scoring high on vulnerability, low on readiness for climate resilience compared globally.
Source: ND GAIN index, 2015
Climate Vulnerability and Readiness Index 1996
Environment, Climate Change and Readiness for Natural Disasters
Vuln
erab
ility
Vuln
erab
ility
ReadinessReadiness
Promoting Peaceful and Prosperous Societies – A case of widespread and persistent conflict in Myanmar’s border states
Source: “ The Contested Areas of Myanmar” The Asia Foundation, October 2017
Countrywide :– More than 1/3 of Myanmar’s townships are
conflict-affected; approximately 25% of the population
– More than 20 separate Ethnic Armed Organizations– 100,000 Internally Displaced People; 100,000+
refugees in Thailand and China (excluding recent Rakhine refugees)
Rakhine:• 688,000+ Rohingya refugees displaced to Bangladesh• ~30,000 internally displaced persons• Widespread alleged human rights abuses (e.g. murder,
rape, arson)• Government-led relief effort with Red Cross
Movement support• Limited access for humanitarian actors, media
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Priorities in IDA Portfolios (by Commitment Amount)
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• Current IDA portfolio: About 77 percent of our IDA portfolio is in Myanmar (USD 2.1billion), while 14 percent is in Lao PDR (USD 369 million) and 9 percent in Cambodia (USD250 million).
• IFC’s committed investment portfolio: in Myanmar (USD 1.2 billion); in Cambodia (USD264 million); and in Lao PDR (USD 40.1 million).
Environment & Natural Resources
24%
Social, Urban, Rural and Resilience
16%
Energy & Extractives
15%
Water14%
Health, Nutrition & Population
10%Education
8%
Transport & Digital Development
7%
Finance, Competitiveness and Innovation
5%
Macroeconomics, Trade and
Investment1%
Lao PDR
Social, Urban, Rural and Resilience
32%
Transport & Digital Development
24%
Education16%
Health, Nutrition & Population
12%
Agriculture10% Water
6%
Cambodia
Social, Urban, Rural and Resilience
39%
Energy & Extractives
26%
Macroeconomics, Trade and
Investment10%
Agriculture5%
Finance, Competitiveness and Innovation
5%
Health, Nutrition & Population
5%
Water5%
Education4%Transport & Digital Development
1%
Myanmar
New IDA Lending in 2018-2020
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Fiscal Year Country Project Name IDA Amount ($m)
FY18
Cambodia Higher Education Improvement Project 90Road Asset Management Project II Additional Financing 110
Cambodia Total 200
Lao PDR
Additional Financing for Mekong Integrated Water Resources (Approved) 25
Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Management Project (Approved) 30
Additional Financing to Lao PDR Health Governance and Nutrition (Approved) 10
Agriculture Competitiveness Project 25National Road 13 Improvement and Maintenance 40
Lao PDR Total 130
Myanmar Additional Financing: Essential Health Services Access Project 100Inclusive Access and Quality Education project 100
Myanmar Total 200FY18 TOTAL 530
FY19
Cambodia
Agricultural Sector Diversification Project 90Cambodia Nutrition Project 15Integrated Landscape and Natural Resources Management 60Small-Town Water Supply and Sanitation Improvement Project 50
Cambodia Total 215
Lao PDR
Competitiveness and Trade Project 10Reducing Rural Poverty and Malnutrition Project 25
Sustainable Energy and Extractives Development Technical Assistance 20
Water Supply and Sanitation Project 25Laos - Vietnam Interconnector Project 20
Disaster Risk Management Development Policy Operation (CAT DDO) 10
Lao PDR Total 110
Myanmar
Investing in Nutrition for Growth and Development in Myanmar 100Trade and Private Sector Competitiveness Project 200Power System Energy Efficiency Improvement Project 160National Food and Agriculture Systems Project 100
Myanmar Total 560FY19 TOTAL 885
FY20 Lao PDR Health and Nutrition Services Access Project 15FY20 TOTAL 15
GRAND TOTAL 1430
THANK YOU VERY MUCH
どうもありがとうございました
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