Myanmar ESHIA STUDY FOR THE EXPLORATION BLOCK RSF-5 - Eni · PDF fileMyanmar ESHIA STUDY for...

Myanmar

ESHIA STUDY FOR THE EXPLORATION

BLOCK RSF-5

Myanmar

ESHIA STUDY for the EXPLORATION

BLOCK RSF-5

Date Issued: 16/12/2016

Block RSF-5 ESHIA – Rev 04 Page 1-i

TABLE OF CONTENTS:

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................. 1-1

1.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 1-1 1.2 THE PROJECT ............................................................................................... 1-1

1.2.1 Benefits of the Project .......................................................................... 1-5 1.2.2 Implementation schedule ...................................................................... 1-5

1.3 LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK AND APPLICABLE LEGISLATION ........................................... 1-5 1.4 DESCRIPTION OF THE SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE) ................................... 1-5

1.4.1 Physical Component ............................................................................. 1-7 1.4.2 Biological Component ......................................................................... 1-10 1.4.3 Social Components ............................................................................. 1-10 1.4.4 Cultural Component ........................................................................... 1-11 1.4.5 Visual Component .............................................................................. 1-11 1.4.6 Health Component ............................................................................. 1-12

1.5 ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ............................. 1-12 1.5.1 Environmental Impacts ....................................................................... 1-13 1.5.2 Social Impacts ................................................................................... 1-16 1.5.3 Cultural Impacts ................................................................................ 1-18 1.5.4 Visual Impacts ................................................................................... 1-19 1.5.5 Health Impacts .................................................................................. 1-19

1.6 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS .................................................................................. 1-20 1.7 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN .......................................... 1-20 1.8 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE ........................................................... 1-21

List of Tables

Table 1.1 Coordinates for Block RSF-5 ..................................................................... 1-1

List of Figures

Figure 1.1 Location of the RSF-5 Block .................................................................. 1-2

Figure 1.2 3D seismic survey layout ...................................................................... 1-3

Figure 1.3 Area of Influence for Environmental, Social, and Health Baseline ............... 1-7

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Block RSF-5 ESHIA – Rev 04 Page 1-1

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.1 INTRODUCTION

This Executive Summary reports the main finding of the Environmental, Social and Health

Impact Assessment (ESHIA) of the onshore hydrocarbon exploration activities in

Myanmar, planned by eni within Block RSF-5. The ESHIA is structured in compliance with

the new EIA Procedure, issued by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental

Conservation.

The project foresees the acquisition of a 3D seismic survey within the Block, aimed at

identifying potential opportunities for further hydrocarbon exploration activities. The 3D

seismic survey will be executed on a portion of 500 km2.

This is issued as the final ESHIA report and it is based on the initial ESHIA completed by

ERM (Environmental Resource Management), which was integrated with primary

information gathered during the environmental and social surveys performed by

International Environmental Management Co., Ltd. (IEM) in association with the local

partner Environmental Quality Management Co., Ltd. (EQM).

The baseline sampling and survey has been carried out in March 2016 covering the area

potentially affected. The area comprises of Magway and Myothit townships. Minhla has

been not included, because it is across the Ayeryrawaddy river and no seismic activities

will be conducted in this township, so there is no risk of potential impact.

1.2 THE PROJECT

The Project follows the invitation to apply for hydrocarbon exploration authorizations and

subsequent hydrocarbon exploitation licenses, announced by the Republic of the Union of

Myanmar on 17/02/2013 and awarded to eni Myanmar BV on the 31st July 2014.

The Block RSF-5 covers an area of 1292 km2 in the Magway Region of Myanmar as shown

in Figure 1.1. The full surface coordinates for Block RSF-5 are presented below (Table

1.1).

Table 1.1 Coordinates for Block RSF-5

Point Longitude (E) Latitude (N)

1 95°00’00” 20°15’00”

2 95°20’00” 20°15’00”

3 95°20’00” 19°55’00”

4 95°00’00” 19°55’00”

Source: Myanmar Ministry of Energy, 2013

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Figure 1.1 Location of the RSF-5 Block

The Project includes a 3D seismic survey in the Block RSF-5. Such activities represent the

first step of the exploration plan. The seismic survey has been designed based on the

results of the geophysical feasibility study performed by eni specialists. The objective of

the 3D seismic survey is to give a deep understanding of the subsurface geological

features in the RSF-5 block, by obtaining an high quality of imaging features through a

better Signal-to-Noise ratio and a good continuity of main targets. The 3D seismic volume

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will also provide a dense dataset, which should allow attempting a more reliable

sedimentogical and structural interpretation.

The layout of the 3D seismic surveys is shown in Figure 1.2.

Figure 1.2 3D seismic survey layout

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Block RSF-5 is characterised by the dominance of agricultural land made of small and

medium size crops. The seismic acquisition technique to be used will be carried out using

explosive and vibroseis depending by the terrain and the environmental sensitivities. The

existing road network not always (mainly tracks and dirt roads) gives sufficient access

also to small vehicles. A discrete proportion of the Study Area is characterized by the

presence of erosional landforms (gullies and rills) and natural vegetation (mainly shrubs,

and forest patches along rivers and trenches), so line clearance is expected. A policy of

minimal clearance will be implemented by eni Myanmar in accordance with eni Standards.

Prior to the arrival of geophysical equipment on site, the sources and receivers lines will

be surveyed in order to avoid any important sensitivity along the lines.

Along the receiver lines, a series of geophones (small devices act to detect the seismic

energy whose sizes are approximately 3 cm in diameter and 20 cm in length) will be

pierced in the ground by hand every four (4) meters and connected by a low voltage

electric cable. Since these operations will be carried out without any mechanical support,

no damages to the environment are foreseen along such lines.

Along the source lines, in order to minimize as much as possible the environmental

impact, eni Myanmar will instruct his seismic contractor to utilize:

a) Four vibroseis in line with vibropoints every 50 m only when the terrain conditions

and distances between trees is sufficient to grant the entrance with vibroseis without

support of bulldozer and woodcutting. The use of vibroseis is preferred because

during the dry season (the seismic acquisition will last from January to April 2017)

and on a natural grass coat, the environmental impact will be negligible and for a

short time period; b) Explosive charges every 50 m located at 25 m depth, wherever the vegetation

density and the terrain morphology do not allow vibroseis accessibility. It this case,

portable drilling units (about 2.5 x 2.5 m) carried and mounted on site by specialized

personnel will be utilized to drill the 6 inches shot holes. All drilling locations will be

properly selected, and in case, moved from the theoretical coordinates, in the most

suitable place in order to avoid cutting any trees. Moreover, we ensure that no

chemical material or additives will be added to the drilling waters. Any material

resulting from the drilling will be removed and disposed accordingly with the local

legislation, no consequences of the activities will be detectable once the operation

will be completed, as the area will be totally restored.

Finally, in the swampy areas, permanently flooded during the year, portable drilling units

will be used and the operation will be localized in an area of few square meters and for a

short time period.

The use of bulldozer, trucks, crane and other mean of transportation will be limited only to

guarantee the safe access to these areas, but never applied within the forest and the

plantations.

3D survey comprises about 21,600 source locations and 23,300 receiving locations. In

order to calibrate the shallow seismic signal, upholes will be drilled along the survey lines.

The location of upholes (at least 20 Upholes at min depth of 60m) will be carefully

considered to avoid particularly sensitive areas.

One main camp will be placed for the duration of the whole survey and fly camps to follow

the seismic activities carried out using explosive will be organized as well. The Main

explosive Storage will be located at the nearby Military Compound. Considering that the

main explosive storage centre is too far from the area of operations, a temporary

explosive storage center will be realized in proximity of the survey area. In any case this

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area will be approved by MOD (Ministry Of Defence). The location of the structure will be

defined by the contractor personnel and eni Myanmar representatives during the camp

preparation. The structure will be fenced and access will be allowed only to authorized and

trained personnel. Adequate fire prevention systems will be installed. A specific Site

Abandonment Plan will be prepared by eni Myanmar, documenting how the camp locations

should be closed. Camp closure will involve the removal of all vehicles, equipment,

infrastructure and fixtures.

1.2.1 Benefits of the Project

In line with the National Plan, this Project of Hydrocarbon exploration will provide new job

opportunities, the possibility to benefit from the use of hydrocarbon resources within the

country

1.2.2 Implementation schedule

The overall duration of the activities will be within the 3 year Exploration Period of the

PSC.

1.3 LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK AND APPLICABLE LEGISLATION

The ESHIA document has been developed following the requirements of the new EIA

Procedure, issued by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation of

Myanmar.

The ESHIA considers the following relevant guidelines, standards and regulations:

international policies, principles and standards, adopted by eni, such as IPIECA and

WHO guidelines, IFC standards;

international treaties and agreements, ratified by Myanmar, related to environmental

issues;

Myanmar administrative, environmental, social, health and safety regulations. As

important issue for the development of the Project, special attention is given recent

laws related to ESHIA requirements: the Environmental Conservation Law (2012), the

Environmental Conservation Rules, (2014), the Foreign Investment Law (2012) as

amended in 2015 and the Foreign Investment Rules (2013) the Environmental Impact

Assessment Procedures (2016), Environmental Quality Standards (2016), the

Protection and Preservation of Cultural Heritage Region law (1998) as amended in

2009, the Protection and Preservation of Ancient Monuments Law (2015) and the

Protection and Preservation of Antique Objects Law (2015);

Eni SpA and eni Myanmar standards, technical and operating guidelines, instruction

and procedures.

1.4 DESCRIPTION OF THE SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE)

The aim of the ESHIA baseline is to provide an exhaustive overview of the characteristics

of the different environmental, social and health components present in the Block RSF-5,

representing the Project Location. The Baseline is based on a primary and secondary data

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review, through specific environmental, social and health surveys, contacts and interviews

with public and local stakeholders.

The seismic survey extent covers the majority of the RSF-5 Block, the Area of Influence

for environmental social and health baseline has been defined as the boundary of the

Block itself as shown in Figure 1.3.

The baseline characterization of the Study Area has been conducted through a review of

the available information, mainly at national and regional levels, and through a high level

analysis of the environmental, social and health components. On the basis of a satellite

images analysis and land cover information of the whole Block, the following main land

cover areas have been identified (described in section 5.3.5 of the ESHIA):

bare soil;

vegetation;

building;

roads;

urban area;

urban vegetation;

crop lands;

green land;

island river;

River Gravel and Rock White;

rivers;

water bodies.

The project footprint on these land cover areas has been considered as the basis for the related Impact Assessment.

The Baseline has been organised into six main components: Physical, Biological, Socio-Economic, Cultural, Visual and Health.

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Figure 1.3 Area of Influence for Environmental, Social, and Health Baseline

1.4.1 Physical Component

Block RSF-5 is located in Magway Region as shown in Figure 1.3 in the rain shadow area

of the Yakhaing Yoma; and it obtains most of its rainfall from the southwest monsoon. The

undulating land is subjected to severe erosion under rain and strong winds. The capital

city is Magway Town (1994 population estimated at 300,000). Located in the Central

Lowlands and drained by the Ayeyarwady River and its major tributaries, the region is

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characterized by folded small mountain ranges, a volcanic line and the Sagaing Fault

zone, and a regionally significant active right lateral strike-slip fault.

Air

Block RSF-5 is located between the following two climatic zones: Tropical savannah

climate (around the Dry Zone), and Tropical steppe climate (Dry Zone);

The region is characterized by a monthly maximum temperature between 30.2 and 40.4

and a monthly minimum temperature between 13.5 and 26.6°C. The highest

temperature is measured in April;

The highest values of humidity are recorded from June to November that corresponds

approximately to the cyclones season. During the wet season the heat index is located

in the “Extreme Caution” section, it ranges between 95 and 100;

The visibility is low during the rainy season, whereas in the dry season is good, even

though foggy sunrise and sunset are frequent;

The region is dominated by a southwest monsoon wind in the rainy season and

northeast monsoon wind in the winter or cold-dry season Mean monthly wind speed at

Magway Meteorological Station varies from 0.88 mph to 1.67 mph;

Air quality monitoring stations were deployed in RSF-5 from March 11 to March 24,

2016, to collect ambient air monitoring data along with meteorological data on wind

speed, wind direction, temperature and relative humidity;

Baseline air quality concentrations from the baseline indicate the Particulate levels

(PM2.5 and PM10) were higher than WHO guidelines at all locations except Nwar Hla

Village and Taung Yar Taw Village, which only had PM10 values above the guidelines.

NO2, CO, O3 and atomic radiation levels met the standards. Other gases such as VOC,

NH3, CH4 were monitored to reveal the existing baseline ambient concentration. SO2

levels exceeded guidelines at all locations except (2) stations including Pay Pin San

village and Taung Yar Taw under Magway Township. Although the SO2 levels of above

two villages were not above the guideline, these were close to the limit;

Concerning Climate Change, trends for CH4 and N2O emissions in agriculture sector

clearly highlighted the sharp increase in the short term (2000-2005) as well as in the

long term (1990-2030). Waste sector also showed an increase in CH4 emissions due to

the population growth. Land use change and forestry sector is the major emitter which

comes from deforestation. On the other hand, total annual CO2 removals by natural

forests are also declining steadily due to the decrease of the natural forest areas;

Due to the rural nature of the area, the acoustic environment is considered to have low

ambient noise levels. Ambient noise measurements taken within Block RSF-5 had 24-

hour equivalent noise levels ranged from 40.4 dB (A) to 61.5 dB (A). The time base for

LAeq for "daytime" and "night-time" is 16 h and 8 h, respectively. The night noise level

for Sai Kya, Pay Pin San, Gal Gyi Kone, Ma Nawt Kone and Nwar Hla were above the

WHO standards Leq-Night guidelines for Outside bedrooms resulting in Sleep

disturbance with window open (outdoor values). This is most likely the result of

motorbike traffic and diesel generator use for electricity.

Water

Block RSF-5 is located across the Ayeyarwady (Irrawaddy) river, which skirts the block

at the south west corner but it doesn’t touch the 3D survey grid. Yin Chaung river (a

large Irrawaddy primary tributary) flows in the northern and Eastern portions of the 3D

seismic area. Leik Chaung and Mon Chaung which depart from Yin Chaung in the north

direction;

Surface water sampling was completed at 14 locations within Block RSF-5, all

parameters were within water quality standards except for pH, Total Dissolved Solid and

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Manganese. pH was above standard for aquatic environments in seven locations. The

high pH is due to the sampling being conducted during the dry season; in fact the river,

streams and ponds had low water in the locations showing high pH. Manganese was

detected above standard in three locations;

The groundwater depth varied in the project area depending on the aquifers. The

groundwater was found in the Block RSF-5 Survey in some areas in proximity of the

ground surface starting from 1.83 m (6 ft) and quite deeper in other areas 231.65 m

(~760 ft in tube well);

Groundwater sampling was completed at 26 locations within Block RSF-5, High Total

Dissolved Solids levels, exceeding the recommended levels for consumption, was

recorded in the deep tube wells. The high Total Dissolved Solids appears to be caused

naturally by evaporation, precipitation or rock weathering processes in the aquifers. This

would explain why the villagers preferred to consume the groundwater from the shallow

wells as all of them basically showed much lower levels of Total Dissolved Solids and

salinity. PH was over maximum allowable levels in four locations. Manganese (Mn) was

detected above standards in the ten versus twenty-six locations.

Land Cover

The analysis allowed the detection of a series of main land cover classes as follows: bare

soil, vegetation, building, roads, urban area, urban vegetation, crop lands, green land,

island river, river gravel and rock white, rivers, water bodies.

Soil & Subsoil

Block RSF-5 is located in the Central Lowlands, a fertile alluvial plain, intermittently

cropped out by the mountain range and hills. A large active fault, the Sagaing Fault (Win

Swe, 1981) crosses the eastern margin of this province;

Block RSF-5 is characterized by the following three geological units: Irrawaddy Group

and equivalents, Upper Pegu Group and marine brackish and terrestrial equivalents,

Recent alluvium;

The Area shows an altitude varying from 20m in the Ayeyarwady floodplain, up to 320m

in the hilly areas. The slope in the area is flat or very gentle (<1%);

Soil classes in Block RSF-5 are: Light Forest Soils (Cinnamon) Nitosol; Meadow Soils

(Gleysol) and Meadow Alluvial Soil (Gleysol Fluvic); Red Brown Savanna Soils (Luvisol)

and Dark Compact Soils (Vertisol);

Overall Myanmar is considered seismologically unstable and prone to seismic risk.

According to USGS, the Block RSF-5 is completely located in 7-8 MMI (according to MMI

Modified Mercalli Intensity) area;

No volcano is located within the Block RSF-5. However Myanmar has a few active

volcanoes related to the subduction of the Indo-Pacific under the Eurasian tectonic plate.

The land of Magaway region is mostly cultivated, not much natural vegetation is left.

The landscape is mostly covered with mosaic croplands/vegetation;

Soil sampling was completed at 20 locations within Block RSF-5. Soil pH ranged from

5.3 to 9.2 with locations eight locations) outside the standard. All soil samples were free

of hydrocarbon contamination. With the exception of Arsenic (As), Nickel (Ni) and

Chromium (Cr) metals data shows that all values are below standards for agricultural

purposes. Nickel (Ni) was found above standards for agricultural use in three locations.

One soil location had Arsenic (As), Nickel (Ni) and Chromium (Cr) metals above

standards for agriculture use.

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1.4.2 Biological Component

The whole territory of Myanmar (excluding the northern tip) is included in the Indo-Burma

biodiversity hot spot, which was designated by the Conservation International

organization. In 2009 NCEA (National Commission for Environmental Affairs) published the

National Sustainable Development Strategy (NSDS) for Myanmar. A total of 14

conservation corridors and 43 Protected Areas have been identified in the country.

No International protected areas are present in the Study Area;

A key biodiversity area is present (the Ayeyarwaddy River Sinbyugyun to Minbu Section)

within Block RSF-5; it covers less than 1% of the land within the block but is not in the

seismic area;

The whole Block RSF-5 is included in the Endemic Bird Area of Irrawaddy Plains;

The nearest Protected Areas to the Block RSF-5 are the Shwesettaw Wildlife Santuary

and the Wethtikan Bird Sanctuary;

According to IUCN Red List, RSF-5 Block could hosts: 5 Critically Endangered species, 6

Endangered species, 9 Vulnerable species.

On August 29-31, 2016 biodiversity reconnaissance survey was conducted and

confirmed the presence of 32 species of birds and 2 species of mammals. Focused

community interviews identified potentially a further 15 mammals, 13 birds, 30 species

of reptile, 21 species of amphibian, 14 species of invertebrate, and 17 species of fish

that may be resident or transient in the block. These include a number of species with

special conservation status including 2 critically endangered species, 6 endangered, 7

vulnerable and 14 near threatened species;

The IPIECA Methodology has been adopted in order to identify the habitats on the Area

of interest. The resulting habitat types are: Grassland habitats, Forest habitats,

Cultivated habitats and Wetland, river and lake habitats;

The ecosystem Services involved are manifold and they can be grouped into the

following categories: Provisioning, Regulating, Cultural. ESHIA section 5.4 contains the

detailed list of Ecosystem Services.

1.4.3 Social Components

Block RSF-5 is located in Magway Region. This Region is situated in the rain shadow area

of the Yakhaing Yoma and obtains most of its rainfall from the southwest monsoon. The

undulating land, composed mainly of sandy loam with low fertility, is subjected to severe

erosion under rain and strong winds.

Magway Region is made up of Magway, Minbu, Thayet, Pakokku and Gangaw districts,

comprising 25 townships and 1,696 ward village-tracts. The capital city is Magway Town

(1994 population estimated at 300,000). Other major towns are Pakokku and Minbu.

Magway Region is located in the Central Lowlands, a relatively low-lying terrain drained by

the Ayeyarwady River and its major tributaries. Rolling hills, ridges and small mountains

are present in some areas. The region is characterized by folded small mountain ranges, a

volcanic line and the Sagaing Fault zone, a regionally significant active right lateral strike-

slip fault.

The main findings for the socioeconomics baseline point of view are listed below:

Myanmar is a resource-rich country, especially oil and gas, mining, and timber;

Myanmar is an agricultural country, with about 70% of the population living in rural

areas. The major agricultural production is rice, which covers about 60% of the coun-

try's total cultivated land area;

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Population below poverty line is 25.6%. The majority of people in Myanmar spend

70% of their income on food, with little left for health care and education for their

children;

in Myanmar, the adult literacy rate is quite high (92.3%). The majority of children of

primary school age (90.2%) attend school; this value is slightly higher for the Mag-

way Region (93.5%). However only 58.3% (55.8% in Magway Region) of the children

of secondary school age are attending secondary school. At the national level there is

no notable difference between boys and girls;

the working age population of Myanmar is about 37.44 million and the working popu-

lation is 30.13 million. So, the unemployment rate is 4%;

Most of Myanmar's country roads are unpaved and many become impassable during

the monsoon season.

1.4.4 Cultural Component

The main findings of the analysis of the cultural heritage available data are the following:

Myanmar currently has one site on the World Heritage List, the Pyu Ancient Cit-

ies, which includes the remains of three brick, walled and moated cities of Halin,

Beikthano and Sri Ksetra located in vast irrigated landscapes in the dry zone of the

Ayeyarwady (Irrawaddy) River basin. The nearest site to the Study Area is the

Beikthano site located 6 km from the closest shot-point. Vibration impact monitor-

ing with the use of Peak Particle Velocity meter (PPV) will be carried out during

seismic measurements in order to monitor vibrations level that may affect cultural

sites that are in vicinity of seismic source. PPV measurements will be executed ac-

cording to the local legislations. In case of lack of local norms, PPV procedure will

be established based on the eni standard safety distance table;

Myanmar has been referred to as the Land of Pagodas, as there are a considerable

number of Buddhist pagodas; within the block RSF-5 there are 96 temples, all the

archaeological sites are managed and monitored through the “Cultural Heritage

Monitoring Plan”.

1.4.5 Visual Component

The territory of the Block RSF-5 could be divided in the following main macro-areas, on

the basis of a satellite images analysis:

Agricultural areas, characterized by continuous agricultural plots, served by an intri-

cate track network made of very narrow trails connecting isolated farms and the crop

themselves. The area is served by the main natural drainage network, from which,

small artificial trenches have been developed in order to serve the agricultural areas;

Floodplains areas, dominated, thanks to high water availability, by intensive agricul-

ture alternated to vigorous natural vegetation patterns, mainly grassland and small

trees forest. The rivers are mainly braided and their beds are characterized by the

presence of wide sand dunes and small islands. Many wide settlements are located in

the floodplains and are connected with a network of major roads;

Erosional landforms in hilly areas, dominated by presence of shrubs and bush with

forest patches located close to minor tributaries and streams. These landforms are al-

ternated to agricultural areas that occupy hills edges or valley bottoms. These zones

are not served by a well-developed road network and settlements and sparse houses

are rare; Settlements and villages.

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1.4.6 Health Component

The health conditions in the Study Area presented in the ESHIA are based on a review of

available information, mainly at national and regional levels. The main findings are

summarized below:

Access to health information and health services is limited for some population groups

particularly vulnerable to health problems. These include people living in rural, remote

and border areas, and low-income families in peri-urban areas;

A National Health Plan is developed with the ultimate aim of ensuring health and lon-

gevity for the citizens. A long-term (30 years) visionary plan, the National Compre-

hensive Development Plan - Health Sector has been drawn up to meet the future

health challenges;

In Myanmar life expectancy at birth is 65.9 years for total population, 63.6 years for

male and 68.5 years for female;

In Magway Region the most common sources of drinking water are tube well/bore-

hole (53.9%) and protected well (18.9%), but as many as 7.2% use unprotected

wells and 10.6% surface water;

In Myanmar access to improved sanitation facilities is strongly correlated with wealth

and area of residence. In urban areas 94.4% of the population have access to sani-

tary means of excreta disposal, compared to 80.4% in rural areas, and only 59.8% of

the poorest population have access to improved facilities, compared to 98.2% among

the richest population;

Magway Region has one of the highest infant mortality rate and under five mortality

rate of Myanmar (respectively 72.9 deaths per 1,000 live births and 113.6 deaths per

1,000 live births). The maternal mortality ratio is 2.9 deaths per 1,000 live births (da-

ta from National Mortality Survey, 1999).

1.5 ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

Identification and assessment of the Project’s environmental social and health impacts has

been conducted for the 3D seismic survey activities of the Project.

The significance of each impact (positive or negative), has been assessed through the

application of the following criteria in line with eni Standard requirements (Environmental,

Social and Health Impact Assessment in Exploration – AMTE – TG 002 r00):

temporal scale of the impact (i.e. temporary, short-term, long-term, permanent);

spatial scale of the impact (i.e. local, regional, national, trans-boundary);

sensitivity, resilience and/or importance of the receptor/resource that is being im-

pacted;

number of elements (including individuals, households, enterprises, species and habi-

tats) that could be affected by the impact.

Proper mitigation measures have been identified and taken into account in the definition

of residual impacts for each environmental social and health component analysed in the

impact assessment.

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1.5.1 Environmental Impacts

The seismic survey extent covers the majority of the RSF-5 Block. Potential impacts have

been assessed for each of the following detected main land cover types: bare soil,

vegetation, building, roads, urban area, urban vegetation, crop lands, green land, island

river, river gravel and rock white, rivers and water bodies.

The potential environmental impacts associated with the Project are connected to the

following components:

air quality;

noise and vibration;

water;

soil and subsoil;

flora and vegetation;

fauna and habitat;

ecosystem services.

Impacts on environment have the potential to occur during the activities of the Project

(seismic survey).

Potential impacts on the above mentioned components are reported in the following

sections and have been summarized in Annex 3.

1.5.1.1 Air

Impacts due to dust emission caused by micro-charges blast is expected to be low for

all the land cover types. Mitigations such as: wet suppression, limited vehicles speed,

dust control measures, periodical maintenance of the roads will be implemented.

Impacts due to pollutants emission by vehicles and power generators exhausts is

expected to be low for all the land cover types. Mitigations will be implemented such

as: regular maintenance, vehicles use minimization, generators in line with WHO

recommendations and located down-wind.

Taking into account the nature of the impact and the implemented mitigation measures,

the overall evaluation of potential impacts from the activities related to the seismic

survey are expected to be Low for the whole territory. This is mainly due to the

characteristics of duration and extent of the impacts; both dust and pollutants emissions

are considered temporary and limited to the operating sites and their immediate

environments.

1.5.1.2 Noise & Vibration Emissions

Short Term Impact due to noise & vibration emission during the site preparation and

line clearance are expected to be low for the whole Area of Interest. Mitigations such

as vehicles turning off when not in use will be implemented.

Short Term Impact due to noise and vibration emission during the blasting activities is

expected to be low for the whole Area of Interest. Reduction measures will be

implemented such as: vehicles turning off when not in use, schedule of different noisy

activities to occur concurrently since the combined effect may not be significant,

limitation to noise activity to the least noise-sensitive hours.

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Noise and vibration emission resulting from Seismic Survey activities can be considered

temporary and limited to the operating sites and their immediate environments. Taking

into account the implemented mitigation measures, the overall potential impacts is

expected to be Low for the whole territory except for the area where are located

settlements or villages, where the impacts have been evaluated as Medium. A Noise

Monitoring plan will be developed in order to evaluate real noise emissions and

effectiveness of mitigation measures.

1.5.1.3 Water

Sources of impacts on the water for seismic survey activities are: preparation of the site,

line clearance and construction of roads, consumption of water, movements of vehicle;

equipment and personnel, waste management. The resulting impacts and adopted

mitigation measures are the following.

Potential Impacts from unexpected Contamination of Water Resources with Solid and

Liquid Waste are evaluated to be Medium. A specific Water and Waste Management

plan will be performed (see ESHIA Section 8) and no discharge of liquid waste to

water resources will be allowed.

Potential Impacts from unexpected Contamination from Fuels, Lubricant Oils and

Chemicals are evaluated to be Medium. Management measures to be adopted will be:

temporary fuel storage carefully bounded, refuelling sites with appropriate spill

containment equipment, personnel training in emergency spill response, no washing

of machinery allowed near watercourses.

Impacts from potential Effects Arising from Runoff are expected to be low. Mitigation

measures to be adopted are: a storm water management strategy (within

Environmental Management Plan), controlled access point for authorised vehicles

only, minimisation of vegetation clearance, drains diversion if required, sediment

retention through devices like silt fences and check dams, drainage system

maintenance, geomorphological and vegetational restoration to prevent sediment

runoff, avoid operation in alluvial plans in risky periods; groundwater quality and

hydrogeological surveys to verify absence of contamination following uphole drilling.

Effects of Sediment Plumes on Water Resources are expected to be low. Mitigation

measures such as limited vehicle speed in proximity of water bodies or topsoil

protected storage will be implemented.

Consumption of Water Resources during site preparation and survey will cause an

impact expected to be low for the whole Area of Interest. Bottled drinkable water will

be supplied to the camp sites.

Potential Contamination of Groundwater Quality & Hydrology during drilling of shot

holes and shooting/recording are evaluated to be Medium. Mitigation measures to

reduce Impacts to groundwater quality and hydrology include plugging holes with

water flow suitable weight muds, use suitable charge and shot hole depth for local

geology, provide drip pans and absorbents to contain any spillage, provide drainage

and sediment traps around project area to reduce suspended particles in runoff from

the well site and to contain minor oil spills.

Considering the potential of regional extent and the long duration, the impacts on

freshwater due to potential contamination (liquid waste, waste, fuel, oil, etc.) has been

evaluated as Medium. The impact on freshwater due to interference on hydrological and

hydraulic regime, sediment plumes and water consumption are considered Low.

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1.5.1.4 Soil & Subsoil

Sources of impacts on soil and subsoil are: preparation of the site, line clearance,

construction of roads, down-hole drilling, movements of vehicles equipment and

personnel, waste management. The resulting impacts and adopted mitigation measures

are the following:

Potential Impacts from unexpected contamination of the Soil are evaluated to be

Medium. Mitigations such as reinforced concrete pads, storage tanks with secondary

containment, paved areas in refuelling locations, Waste Management Plan.

Impacts from potential Disturbance and Degradation are expected to be Low.

Mitigation measures will be the following: erosional landforms will be avoided or, if this

is no possible, minimized in survey planning; after heavy rainfall temporary surface

stabilisation materials will be installed; vehicles access will be restricted to the traffic

corridors. Erosion and sediment control measurements will be implemented.

Impacts from land take are expected to be Low as no machinery will be allowed to

leave the access roadways or the worksites.

The impact is expected to be Low for the whole territory except the potential

contamination of soil in erosion landforms habitat that has been evaluated as Medium.

1.5.1.5 Flora and Vegetation

Sources of impacts on flora and vegetation are: preparation of the site, line clearance,

construction of roads, down-hole drilling, movements of vehicles equipment and

personnel, waste management. The resulting impacts and adopted mitigation measures

are the following:

Impacts from Loss of natural vegetation are expected to be Low (Medium for Erosional

Landforms). A monitoring plan will be performed along the survey lines and at the

campsite (§ 8.8.3, Biodiversity Action Plan); through an ante and post operam

monitoring campaign, a record of the variability in species occurrence, abundance and

distribution will be provided in the most sensitive habitats identified within the area of

influence of the Project. Vegetational restoration will be implemented in natural and

critical habitats.

Impacts from Invasive alien plants are expected to be Low (Medium for Erosional

Landforms). An ante – and post – operam monitoring will allow to define the presence

of alien species.

Impacts from Degradation of Abiotic Components of Ecosystems are expected to be

Low (Medium for Erosional Landforms). Mitigations measures will be: minimization of

earthworks, vegetational and geomorphological restoration suggested for habitats. The

impact on flora and vegetation component due to Project activities is Low for the

whole territory except for erosion landforms, where the impacts have been evaluated

as medium.

1.5.1.6 Fauna and Habitats

Sources of potential impacts on fauna and habitats are: temporary land-take for Project

construction; site clearance and preparation; use of machinery and heavy equipment; use

storage and management of hazardous raw materials; production and management of

domestic wastes; presence of workforce. The resulting impacts and adopted mitigation

measures are the following:

impacts from alteration of abiotic components in ecosystems are expected to be Low,

impacts from modification of the Ecological Network are expected to be Low,

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impacts from increasing collision rate from traffic are expected to be Low.

With regards to the mitigation measures to minimise wildlife impact the use of night light

will be limited; fences will avoid access of wild animals to the campsites. An ante and post

operam monitoring plan will be carried out to assess any change in fauna and habitat.

The impact on fauna component due to Project activities is expected to be Low for the

whole territory.

1.5.1.7 Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services

The Ecosystem Services impacts identification has been performed applying the IPIECA

Ecosystem Services Guidance (IPIECA, 2011) for each of the four habitats detected in the

study area. This approach provides a set of checklists to identify for the habitats involved

in the area of influence, ecosystem service dependencies and impacts of oil and gas

developments.

The mitigation measures are identified in the Social, Biological or Environmental Impact

Assessment Sections.

1.5.2 Social Impacts

The potential social impacts associated with the Project are connected to the following

components:

economy and employment;

infrastructures and public services;

land and livelihood.

Potential impacts on the above mentioned components are reported in the following

sections and have been summarized in Table 2 and Table 7 reported in Annex 3.

1.5.2.1 Economy and Employment

Project activities may bring potential positive impacts on the regional and local economy

during the seismic survey phase, related to the creation of employment and economic

development and diversification, as following:

employment impacts, since eni Myanmar will contract a specialist survey company to

undertake the work, the workforce will consist of a mixture of Burmese sourced from

the local area and expatriates employed. The creation of indirect employment is

expected to be important on a regional and local level; indirect employment includes

people working for enterprises providing goods and services for the project;

economic impacts, since the local economy is likely to benefit from an increase in

spending and earning of personnel employed by the Project or of households and

individuals owning services and facilities in the area surrounding the Project.

The following measures will be implemented to minimise any potential adverse impact on

economy and employment and enhance any positive ones:

• sourcing local goods and services where possible: purchasing strategy that stipulates

how national and local purchase of goods will be optimised;

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• integrity of recruitment process: equal opportunities and non-discrimination will be

guaranteed in the recruiting process. All contractors will also be encouraged to imple-

ment favourable local hiring guidelines. All job vacancies will be listed clearly with skills

and experience required to fill the position and the duration of the employment con-

tract. Clear information on the recruiting process and the selection criteria will be publi-

cally available;

managing public expectations: the Project will provide clear information on the number

and timescales of employment opportunities, trying to fulfil as much as possible expec-

tations of the community and thus avoid calling effect into the Project area;

meet with local authorities to discuss and design local employment hiring to limit im-

pacts on local businesses and key agricultural seasons;

employ qualified local workers;

purchase local supplies and services, whenever possible;

host a pre-project local community awareness program with communities to facilitate

awareness of opportunities and benefits;

terms of contract for recruitment of manpower in these companies needs to include

emphasis on hiring locals, especially for unskilled and semi-skilled workforce;

restrict workers to within project boundaries and do not allow local interaction within

the communities.

The impacts on the economy and employment component, due to the seismic survey

activities, can be considered Positive, since the development of the Project will give the

possibility to persons to get new jobs, even if for a temporary period, and to gain new

skills.

1.5.2.2 Infrastructures and Public Services

The following types of potential impacts have been identified:

degradation and temporary disruption of road infrastructures, since an arise of heavy

machinery and truck traffic, equipment and procurement of materials could be possible

and the existing roads could be deteriorated as a result. This could potentially cause an

increase in road accidents and disturbance to the population, having an indirect impact

on the health and welfare of the community;

increased pressure on public services and utilities, services and utilities will be pur-

chased from local suppliers, where possible. All waste materials will be collected, stored

and transported separately in appropriate and approved bins and containers; increased pressure on health care facilities, project employees will potentially utilise lo-

cal health facilities located in Magway and Mandalay, but anyway the base camp will be

equipped by its own medical facility and also doctors fully dedicated to the project will

be hired, so the existing public health infrastructure will be not stressed.

The following specific mitigation measures should be employed during the seismic survey

phase to reduce impacts on local infrastructures:

the project will not use the electrical infrastructure, all power will be generated on site;

the amount of waste that is generated will be minimised;

the amount of waste that is recovered for recycling will be maximised, including segre-

gation of recyclable wastes at source;

the amount of waste that is deposited at landfill will be minimised;

ensure all wastes are properly contained, labelled and disposed of in accordance with lo-

cal regulations;

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dispose of waste in accordance with the waste management plan;

primary health care and basic first aid for workers will be provided at worksites;

notify the local authority on the oversized load and put an escort in-front of this convoy

with horn and hazard lights;

restrict/ avoid movement of heavy equipment during rush hours;

provide traffic signs or flags at junction of access roads and main roads;

investigate any complaints and handle appropriately. Keep records of complaints and

follow-up;

if the project needs to construct, upgrade or reroute access roads, the Operator must

get permission from the appropriate government offices;

strictly enforce training programs to reduce transport incident cases by its contractors;

restore any damage to roads as caused by contractor or company;

purchase or lease land for road access to campsite;

restrict local traffic on eni Myanmar private access roads;

cooperate with Military for storage and transport of explosives.

The potential impact on infrastructures and public services, due to the seismic survey,

results as Low for the whole territory.

1.5.2.3 Land and Livelihood

During seismic survey, some portion of land will be used and consequently cause soil loss.

The expected occupied land use will be related to the temporary occupation of the camp

sites, the source locations and the down-hole drilling locations. All the facilities will be

placed in bare lands or in arable lands. Local agricultural activities can be temporarily

stopped in the neighbourhood of the receiving lines in case big machinery is involved.

As mitigation measure, the commitment of the Project will be to restore economic liveli-

hoods to pre-Project levels. Moreover all affected households will be compensated for any

loss of assets.

The potential impact on land and livelihood, due to the seismic survey, results as Low for

the whole territory.

1.5.3 Cultural Impacts

Direct potential impacts on archaeological artefacts located in the proximity of project

activities, during the seismic survey, include the following:

Direct physical disturbance or damage to cultural heritage sites, due to the line clear-

ance activities which will result in the disturbance of topsoil and subsoil;

Degradation or damage to cultural heritage sites due to vibration, caused by the micro

charges blast, but also by operation of machinery and heavy vehicle traffic.

As mitigation measure, the charges should be blasted at an adequate distance from the

known sites: a visual inspection will be conducted along the route and any important

sensitivity of high scientific or cultural value will be identified and avoided as appropriate.

If a chance find of high importance will be discovered during seismic activities, the route

will be changed and related procedures should be conducted as outlined by international

and national standards.

The potential impact on cultural heritage, due to the seismic survey, results as Low for

the whole territory.

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1.5.4 Visual Impacts

Direct visual impacts during the seismic survey will be temporary and limited to small

areas and will include the following:

direct landscape losses or physical changes to landscape elements, including loss of

vegetation, arising from line clearance;

direct changes to the receiving landscape resulting from the introduction of temporary

structures and facilities in correspondence of the camp sites;

presence of machinery and vehicles associated with the seismic survey activities;

lighting impact: for safety reasons, the camp sites will be illuminated during night time.

Particular mitigation measures are not needed during the seismic survey; only the

reinstatement of the originally land cover will be carried out along the seismic lines and in

correspondence of the camp site.

Appropriate mitigation measures will also be put in place in order to reduce the light

pollution.

The potential impact on landscape, due to the seismic survey, results as Low for the

whole territory.

1.5.5 Health Impacts

The following types of potential impacts on community health and welfare have been iden-

tified during the seismic survey phase:

increased transmission of communicable diseases to the local population through in-

teraction with the external workforce. Communicable diseases of concern are likely to

include malaria, tuberculosis, leprosy, hepatitis, diarrhoeal diseases and acute res-

piratory infections. The presence of an external workforce has also the potential to

lead to a local increase in sexually transmitted diseases;

pressure on health care facilities. A light increased pressure on, and decreased access

to, health care facilities could be possible throughout the seismic survey phase due to

the workforce and potential changes in the disease profile of the local population;

seismic activities will result in changes to the physical environment, with the potential

to affect the health and welfare of communities. In particular it is expected a potential

temporary annoyance due to the charges explosion noise and vibration for any receptor

closest to work sites and a potential temporary annoyance due to the dust emission and

exhaust emissions due to the charges explosion and the vehicles;

impacts on community safety, in particular increased risk of road accidents, due to in-

creased project-related traffic.

The following mitigation measures should be employed during the seismic survey phase to

reduce any impacts on community health and welfare.

implementation of good hygiene practices for the workers (such as hand washing),

especially before eating, drinking, smoking and so on;

monitoring local health trends in order to be aware of and respond appropriately to

any negative health trends that may be linked to the Project and its workers;

prevention of illness among workers in local communities through health awareness

and education initiatives;

ensuring that all workers receive education about transmission routes and the symp-

toms of the communicable diseases of concern;

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develop a training and awareness programme for contractors to deliver to their em-

ployees to ensure alignment with eni corporate requirements for occupational health

and safety management including driving and traffic safety;

ensure sufficient health services are made available by Contractors to meet the day to

day needs of Project personnel and families without impacting on access to and over-

load local health care services for communities;

implementation of a rapid response grievance mechanism;

make sure that Company & Contractor undertake stakeholder engagement prior to

the commencement of project activities to inform communities of the activities pro-

posed, the timing of activities and the duration;

make sure that Company & Contractor develop agreed routes for transportation for all

Project movements (materials, goods and worker movements) to minimise risk of ac-

cidents.

The potential impact on community health, due to the seismic survey, results as Low for

the whole territory except for the potential increased risk of transmission of communicable

diseases, which results as Medium.

1.6 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS

eni Myanmar holds the hydrocarbon exploitation licence in the entire RSF-5 Block and no

other O&G activity operates in the same Block; furthermore, based on the available data

regarding the area, there is no evidence of other industrial activity which may have a

potential of cumulative impacts with the project.

The exploration phase (seismic activities & drilling) is the first step in the O&G

development cycle. It is a short term and temporary activity with low risk of cumulative

impacts. Cumulative impacts will be investigated in greater detail during the future

production phase of the project.

1.7 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN

The purpose of the Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan (EMMP) is to define

the framework and the required actions for the monitoring of the status and progress of a

variety of sensitive receptors present in the study area. It also provides relevant

information to evaluate the success of the mitigation measures for the project impacts

identified by the ESHIA as well as compliance with applicable environmental standards.

In particular, the EMMP has the following objectives:

To define the environmental monitoring requirements for the different receptors in

accordance with the applicable national legislation;

To provide tools to monitor compliance with the applicable eni Standards and facilitate

any operational changes that may be needed;

To monitor specific parameters in order to report on selected Key Performance

Indicators (KPIs);

To monitor the results in order to evaluate the success of the implemented mitigation

measures in protecting the environment.

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The preliminary EMMP has been outlined considering:

eni Standards (Environmental, Social and Health Impact Assessment – doc. N.

1.3.1.47);

applicable Myanmar legislation;

international standards, in case of lack of provision in the national legislation.

The EMMP defines the monitoring requirements for all the environmental components

affected by the Project, and provides details for their direct and effective implementation

on site during the different developmental phases. In general, the EMMP aims to:

estimate the inherent variation within the environment.

compare the variation within the environment.

make comparisons between different situations (for example, pre-survey and post-

survey) and to detect changes.

make comparisons against a standard or target level.

evaluate the success of implemented mitigation measures.

The Plans included in the EMMP are the following:

Noise Management Plan;

Biodiversity Action Plan;

Waste Management Plan;

Water Management Plan;

Cultural Heritage Management Plan;

Emergency Plan.

1.8 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE

Stakeholder engagement is a key element of the ESHIA process. The purpose of

stakeholder engagement is to allow stakeholders to interact with the decision-making

process, express their views and influence mitigation and technical solutions to concerns

voiced during the process. Stakeholders include affected communities, enterprises and

individuals, community organizations, local authorities, non-governmental organizations

(NGOs), media, national and regional governments and general public.

In March 2016, IEM conducted focus group meetings with approximately 400 villagers in 8

villages in the Magway and Myothit townships of Magway District in RSF-5. As part of the

public involvement process, Key Informant Interviews were also conducted with village

leaders and health providers. Further, Traditional Ecological interviews and surveys were

conducted with villagers and farmers during the combined socio-economic and

environmental baseline surveys.

At the focus group meetings prior to conducting the socio-economic questionnaires, the

villagers were informed that eni Myanmar is planning to conduct seismic acquisition and

exploratory drilling. The purpose of the socio-economic questionnaire was to collect

general socio-economic information in this area and to obtain perceptions and

understanding of eni Myanmar’s planned seismic exploration program.

The Socio-Economic Survey was designed to focus on gaining household member

information and attitudes on:

the structure and demographics of the household;

household living standards, employment, income, social and economic conditions;

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household and individual health;

information on the natural environment and human use of the environment;

attitudes on the prospective impacts of project during and after construction.

ျမနမာ

တးေဖာရာေဖြေရးဆငရာ ESHIA ေလလာမႈ

လပကြက RSF-5

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BLOCK RSF-5

ထတျပနသညေန႔စြ : 16/12/2016

Block RSF-5 ESHIA – Rev 04 စာမကႏာ 1

မာတကာ ၁.၀ အစရငခစာအကဥးခပ ................................................................................................................................... 2

၁.၁ မတဆက ................................................................................................................................................ 2

၁.၂ စမကနး .................................................................................................................................................. 2

၁.၂.၁ စမကနး၏ ေကာငးကးမား ................................................................................................................... 8

၁.၂.၂ အေကာငအထညေဖာေရးအစအစဥ ........................................................................................................ 8

၁.၃ ဥပေဒမေဘာင ႏင တညဆဥပေဒမား ............................................................................................................ 8

၁.၄ စမကနးေဒသတစဝက၏ သဘာဝပတဝနးကငဆငရာအေျချပအခကအလကမား..................................................... 9

၁.၄.၁ သဘာဝတရားႏငဆငေသာ အခကအလကမား ....................................................................................... 11

၁.၄.၂ ဇဝေဗဒဆငရာအေျခခအခကအလကမား .............................................................................................. 14

၁.၄.၃ လမႈေရးဆငရာအေျခခအခကမား ........................................................................................................ 15

၁.၄.၄ ယဥေကးမႈအေျခခအခကအလကမား ................................................................................................... 16

၁.၄.၅ အသြငအျပငဆငရာအေျခခအခကအလကမား ........................................................................................ 16

၁.၄.၆ ကနးမာေရးအေျခခအခကအလက ....................................................................................................... 17

၁.၅ သကေရာကမႈစစေဆးတငးတာျခငးႏင ေလာခေရးနညးလမးမား ........................................................................ 18

၁.၅.၁ သဘာဝပတဝနးကငဆငရာ သကေရာကမႈမား........................................................................................ 18

၁.၅.၂ လမႈေရးဆငရာသကေရာကမႈမား ......................................................................................................... 23

၁.၅.၃ ယဥေကးမႈဆငရာထေရာကသညအကးသကေရာကမႈ .............................................................................. 26

၁.၅.၄ ျမငႏငေသာအကးသကေရာကမႈမား .................................................................................................... 27

၁.၅.၅ ကနးမာေရးအကးသကေရာကမႈမား ..................................................................................................... 27

၁.၆ တးပြားလာႏငေသာ သကေရာကမႈမား ......................................................................................................... 29

၁.၇ သဘာဝပတဝနးကငစမခန႔ခြမႈႏင ေစာငၾကညေလလာေရးစမထားမႈ .................................................................... 29

၁.၈ ေဒသခမားအားေဆြးေႏြးျခငးႏင အသေပးျခငး ................................................................................................ 30

ဇယားမား ဇယား 1.1 RSF - 5 လပကြက ၏ ကၾသဒနတမား ........................................................................................................ 3 ပမား ပ ၁.၁ RSF -5 လပကြကတညေနရာျပေျမပ ................................................................................................................ 4 ပ ၁.၂ 3D Seismic Survey ၏အေနအထားပစ ............................................................................................................ 5 ပ ၁.၃ သဘာဝပတဝနးကငလမႈေရးႏငကနးမာေရး အေျချပအခကမားအတြက လႊမးမးမႈဧရယာ.............................................11

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၁.၀ အစရငခစာအကဥးခပ ၁.၁ မတဆက ယခ အစရငခစာအကဥးခပတြင ျမနမာႏငငရ လပကြက RSF-5 အတြငး eni မ စစဥေဆာငရြကေသာ ကနးတြငး ဟကဒ႐ကာဗြနတးေဖာေရးလပငနးေဆာငရြကမႈမားႏငပတသက၍ သဘာဝပတဝနးကငသဘာဝပတဝနးကင၊ လမႈ ပတဝနးကငႏင ကနးမာေရးသကေရာကမႈစစေဆးတငးတာျခငး အစရငခစာ (ESHIA)တြင ေဖာျပထားေသာ အဓကမား႔ရခကမားက အစရငခထားပါသည။ ယငး ESHIA အစရငခစာက သယဇာတႏငသဘာဝပတဝနးကင ထနးသမးေရးဝနႀကးဌာနမ ထတျပနထားသည EIA လပထးလပနညးအသစမားႏငအည ေရးဆြအစရငခထားျခငး ျဖစပါသည။

ဤစမကနးတြင လပကြကဧရယာအတြငးတြင 3D ဆကစမစ ေျမတငးအခကအလကမားရယျခငးလပငနးက ႀကတင တြကခကထားၿပး ဟကဒ႐ကာဗြနတးေဖာေရးလပငနးေဆာငရြကမႈမားအတြက အေထာကအပျဖစေစႏငမည အလားအလာရေသာ အခြငအေရးမားက ေဖာထတသတမတႏငေရးအတြက ရညရြယလပေဆာငျခငးျဖစသည။ ယငး 3D Seismic Survey က ၅၀၀ စတရနးကလမတာအကယအဝနးရေသာ ေျမဧရယာအစတအပငးတစခေပၚတြင ျပလပ ေဆာငရြကမညျဖစပါသည။

ယခအစရငခစာသည သဘာဝပတဝနးကင၊လမႈပတဝနးကငဆငရာ သေတသနျပမႈမား ေနာကဆး ESHIA အစရငခစာတစချဖစသညအျပင International Environmental Management Co., Ltd. (IEM) ႏင ျပညတြငးမတဖကလပငနး တစချဖစေသာ Environmental Quality Management Co., Ltd. (EQM) တ႔ပးေပါငး သေတသနျပၿပး ကနဥးကြငးဆငးေလလာထားခကမားမ ရရသည အခကအလကမားကပါ ထညသြငးေပါငးစပ ျပစထားသည ERM (Environmental Resource Management) ၏ ကနဥး ESHIA အစရငခစာေပၚတြင အေျခခ ျပစထားျခငးျဖစပါသည။

၂၀၁၆ ခႏစ မတလတြင အေျချပနမနာအခကအလကမားေကာကယျခငးႏင စစတမးေကာကယမႈအား သကဆငရာ သကေရာကမႈျဖစေပၚႏငမညေဒသတစခလးတြင ေဆာငရြကခပါသည။ စစတမးမားေကာကယခသည ေဒသမားမာ မေကြးႏင ၿမ႕သစၿမ႕နယတ႔ျဖစၾကၿပး မငးလၿမ႕တြင စစတမးျပစမႈ ေဆာငရြကျခငးမရခပါ။ ယငးသ႔မေဆာငရြကရျခငးမာ ယငးၿမ႕သည ဧရာဝတျမစတစဖကကမးတြငတညရေန၍ျဖစၿပး ဆကစမစတငးတာမႈလပငနးမားကလညး ယငးၿမ႕တြင ေဆာငရြကမႈရမညမဟတ၍ သကေရာကမႈျဖစေပၚေစႏငမည အလားအလာမားမရဟ ေလလာမား႔ရရျခငးေၾကာင ျဖစပါသည။

၁.၂ စမကနး စမကနးအား အေကာငအထညေဖာေဆာငရာတြင ျပညေထာငစသမၼတျမနမာႏငငေတာ၏ ၂၀၁၃ ခႏစ ေဖေဖာဝါရလ ၁၇ ရကေန႔ရကစြပါ ေၾကညာခကတြင ဟကဒ႐ကာဗြနတးေဖာခြင ႏင ဆကစပဟကဒ႐ကာဗြနအသးခမႈဆငရာ လငစငမား ေလာကထားႏငၾကသညဟေသာ ဖတေခၚခကအရ ယခစမကနးက ေဆာငရြကရန ေလာကထားချခငးျဖစၿပး၂၀၁၄ ခႏစ ဇလငလ ၃၁ ရကေန႔တြင eni Myanmar BV အား ေပးအပချခငးျဖစသည။

လပကြက RSF-5 အား ပ 1.1 တြင ျပထားသညအတငး ျမနမာႏငင မေကြးတငးေဒသႀကးရ ၁၂၉၂ စတရနးကလမတာအကယအဝနးရသည ေဒသတြင ေဆာငရြကအေကာငအထညေဖာမညျဖစသည။ ယငးလပကြက၏ မကႏာျပင ကၾသဒနတမားအျပညအစက ေအာကတြငေဖာျပေပးထားပါသည။ (ဇယား 1.1)

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ဇယား 2.1 RSF - 5 လပကြက ၏ ကၾသဒနတမား

Point Longitude (E) Latitude (N)

1 95°00’00” 20°15’00”

2 95°20’00” 20°15’00”

3 95°20’00” 19°55’00”

4 95°00’00” 19°55’00”

ကးကား - စြမးအငဝနႀကးဌာန (၂၀၁၃)

Myanmar


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ပ ၁.၁ RSF -5 လပကြကတညေနရာျပေျမပ

ဤစမကနးတြင RSF -5 လပကြကအတြငးေဆာငရြကမည 3D Seismic Survery တစခပါဝငသည။ ယငးသ႔ေသာ လပငနးေဆာငရြကမႈမားသညတးေဖာေရးစမကနး၏ပထမေျခလမးအျဖစကယစားျပေနပါသည။ ဆကစမစေျမတငး လပငနးေဆာငရြကမႈမားအား eni မ ပညာရငမား၏ ဘမ႐ပေဗဒဆငရာျဖစႏငေခရမရ ေလလာမႈ၏ ရလဒမား အေပၚတြငအေျခခၿပးေျမတငးလပငနးအားအစအစဥခမတခထားျခငးျဖစပါသည။ယခ 3DSeismicေျမတငးလပငနးေဆာငရြကရျခငး၏ရညရြယခကမာRSF5လပကြကဧရယာအတြငးရေျမေအာကဘမေဗဒအသြငအျပငအေနအထားမားအားနက႐ႈငးစြာနားလညသေဘာေပါကမႈရေစရနျဖစပါသည။ယငးသ ႔ေဆာငရြကရာတြငပမေကာငးမြနသည

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



Signal-to-Noise Ratio ႏင အခတအဆကေကာငးမြနသည Main Targets မားက အသးခလက အရညအေသြးျမငမားသည Imaging Features မားက ရယၿပး တငးတာမႈလပငနးမား ေဆာငရြကသြားမည ျဖစပါသည။ 3D Seismic Volume ကအသးချခငးျဖင Dense Dataset တစခကရယႏငမညျဖစၿပး ယငးကအသးခလက ပမတက သည ႏနးပ႔ခမႈဆငရာႏင ေျမေအာကေျမသားဖြ႔စညးမႈဆငရာ အခကအလကမားက ပေဖာရယႏငမညျဖစပါသည။

3D seismic surveys မား၏ ပစၾကမးက ပ ၁.၂ တြငၾကညပါ။ ပ ၁.၂ 3D Seismic Survey ၏အေနအထားပစ

လပကြက RSF -5 အေသးစားႏငအလတစား သးႏမားစကပးသည စကပးေျမမားလႊမးၿခရာ ေဒသတစချဖစသည။ ဆကစမစတငးတာရာတြင အသးျပမည နညးပညာတြင ေပါကကြေစသညပစၥညးမား ႏင တနခါမႈထတလႊတစကႀကး မား (Vibroseis) မားကပါ ထညသြငးအသးျပ ေဆာငရြကရျခငးတ႔ေၾကာင လပငနးေဆာငရြကမည ေျမအေနအထားႏင သဘာဝပတဝနးကငဆငရာ ခႏငအားရမႈတ႔အေပၚတြင မတညၿပး

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



တငးတာေဆာငရြကမညျဖစပါသည။ ယငးေဒသရ လမးပနးဆကသြယမႈကြနယကမားသညလညး (အထးသျဖင ယာဥႏင စြန႔ပစပစၥညးမားသယေဆာငရာလမးမမား) တြင ယာဥငယမားအတြကလညး အၿမတမး လေလာကသည အသးျပခြငရရမညမဟတပါ။ ေျမတငးေလလာသည ေနရာတြင တကစားမႈေၾကာငျဖစလာသည ေျမသားပစ (Erosional Landforms) မား (ဥပမာ- လေျမာငႏင စမးေခာငးမား)အျပင သဘာဝေပါကပငမား (အထးသျဖင ျမစႏင ေခာငးစပ၊ ေျမာငးစပမားတြင ခေတာမား၊ သစေတာစပမား) တညရေနသညက ေလလာမား႔ရရသျဖင Line Clearence ျပလပရနလအပပါမည။ eni Myanmar အေနျဖင ရငးလငးမႈ အနညးဆးျဖစေစမည မဝါဒက eni ၏ စႏႈနးမားႏငအည ခမတအေကာငအထည ေဖာသြားပါမည။

လပငနးေဆာငရြကရာေနရာသ႔ ဘမ႐ပေဗဒဆငရာ ကရယာတနဆာပလာမား ေရာကရမလာခငအခနတြင Line မား တစေလာကရ ထခကမႈမခႏငေသာ မညသညအေရးႀကးေနရာကမဆ ေရာငရားသြားႏငရနအတြက Source Lines မားႏင Receiver Lines မားအားလးတ႔အား ႀကတငတငးတာမႈက ေဆာငရြကသြားမညျဖစသည။

Receiver Lines မားတစေလာကတြင (ဆကစမစစြမးအငကအာ႐ခသရႏငသည အခငးဝက ၃ စငတမတာ အလား ၂၀ စငတမတာခန႔သာ ရေသာ ေသးငယသည ကရယာမားျဖစသည) Geophones အတြမားက ၄ မတာအကြာအေဝးစျခား ၿပး ေျမျပငတြင လကျဖငစကသြငးထားမညျဖစသည။ ယငး Geophone မားက ဗ႔အားနမလပစစေကဘလႀကး တစေခာငးျဖင ခတဆကထားမညျဖစပါသည။ ယငးသ႔ေဆာငရြကရာတြင မညသညစကကရယာအကအညမ မပါပ လပေဆာငမညျဖစေသာေၾကာင ယငး Lines မားတညရေနမည လမးေၾကာငး တစေလာကတြင သဘာဝပတဝနးကင ထခကမႈ မရေစေၾကာငး ေလလာမား႔ရရပါသည။

Source Lines မားတညရရာ လမးေၾကာငးတစေလာကတြင သဘာဝပတဝနးကငအေပၚသကေရာကမႈအား တတႏငသမအနညးဆးျဖစေစရနအတြကeniMyanmarအေနျဖင seismic လပငနးေဆာငရြကမညအဖြ႔အစညးအား ေအာကပါတ႔က လပေဆာငရန ညႊနၾကားသြားမညျဖစသည။

က) သစပငအပမားအၾကား Vibroseis မားလြတလပစြာ ဝငႏငသည အကြာအေဝးမားရေသာ ေျမျပငအေျခအေနမားႀကမား႔ရပါက ဘဒဇာစကယႏရားမားႏင သစပငခတျခငးမားမျပလပဘ ၅၀ မတာ အကြာအေဝး ေနရာတငးရ Vibropoint မားႏင တစတနးတညးတြင Vibroseis ေလးစးက အသးျပရန။ ဆကစမစေျမတငးတာမႈလပငနးသည ၂၀၁၇ ခႏစ ဇနနဝါရလမ ဧပရယလ လအတြငး ေဆာငရြကရမညျဖစသညအတြက ေျခာကေသြ႔သညရာသခနႏင သဘာဝျမကခငးျပငမားရသည ေနရာမားတြငသဘာဝပတဝနးကငသကေရာကမႈကလစလ႐ႈထားႏငသညအျပငကာလတလပငနး ျဖစသညအတြကေၾကာငVibroseisမားအသးျပမႈက ပမအားေပးတကတြနးရျခငးျဖစသည။

ခ) သဘာဝေပါကပငမား ထကသညေနရာတငးႏင ေျမျပငအေနအထားေလလာမႈအရ Vibroseis မားက အသးျပခြငမေပးႏငသညေနရာတငးတ႔တြင ၂၅ မတာအနကေပရေသာကငးမားအား ၅၀ မတာ အကြာအေဝးစျခားၿပး ေဖာကခြေရးပစၥညးမား အသးျပၾကရန။ ယငးသ႔ေဆာငရြကရပါက သကဆငရာကၽြမးကငသ ပညာရငက သယေဆာငလာၿပး တပဆငေပးမည ၂.၅ မတာ × ၂.၅ မတာ ရသည အေသးစား တးေဖာေရးစကကရယာမား (Portable Drilling Units) ကအသးျပကာ ၆ လကမ Shot Hole မားကတးေဖာသြားမညျဖစသည။ တးေဖာသညေနရာမားအားလးက ေသခာစြာ ေရြးခယသြားမည ျဖစၿပး လအပပါက သစပငမား ခတလျခငးက ေရာငရားႏငရနအတြက သအရအရ တြကခကထားေသာ ကၾသဒနတမားတြငမဟတဘ အျခားအသငေလာ

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



ဆးေနရာမားရရာသ႔ ေရႊ႕ၿပး လပငနးေဆာငရြကပါမည။ တးေဖာသညအခါသးသည ေရမားအား မညသညဓာတပစၥညး သ႔မဟတ အျဖညပစၥညးမားက မဆ အသးျပျခငးမရေစရန အာမခပါသည။ တးေဖာမႈေၾကာင ထြကရလာေသာ မညသညပစၥညးမားကမဆ ေဒသဆငရာဥပေဒမားႏငအည ဖယရားစြန႔ပစေပးသြားမညျဖစၿပး လပငနး ေဆာငရြကမႈမား ၿပးဆးသညႏင တစၿပငနက အျခားမညသညလပငနးေဆာငရြကမႈမ ထပမလပေတာဘ လပငနးေဆာငရြကခသညေနရာအား ယခငအတငးျပနလညထနးသမးမႈ ေဆာငရြက ေပးသြားမည။

စစြတေပာေျပာငးသညေျမေနရာမားႏငတစႏစတာလးေရလႊမးေနသညေနရာမားတြငအေသးစားတးေဖာေရးပစၥညးမား ကအသးျပသြားမညျဖစၿပး ယငးသ႔တးေဖာစမးသပမႈက သတမတထားသည မတာအနညးငယအတြငး ေခတခဏသာ လပငနးေဆာငရြကသြားပါမည။

ဘဒဇာမား၊ ထရပကားမား၊ ဝနခစကကရနမား ႏင အျခားသယယပ႔ေဆာငေရးနညးလမးမားအားလးက အသးျပမႈအား ယငးေဒသမားတြင လၿခေဘးကငးစြာ သြားလာသယေဆာငႏငရန ကန႔သတအသးျပသြားမညျဖစၿပး သစေတာမားႏင သဘာဝေပါကပငမားအၾကား လးဝအသးျပသြားမညမဟတပါ။

3D Survey တြင source locations ၂၁၆၀၀ ႏင receiving locations မာ ၂၃၃၀၀ ခန႔စ ရၾကပါသည။ ျပငးအားေပာေသာ ဆကစမစ signal မားပစလႊတႏငရနအတြက survey lines မားတစေလာကတြင upholes မားက တးေဖာအသးျပသြား ပါမည။ (အနညးဆးအနကေပ ၆၀ ေပ ရေသာ Upholes အေရအတြက အနညးဆး ၂၀ တြငး) ၏ တညေနရာက ေသခာစြာ ေရြးခယသြားမညျဖစၿပး အထခကခႏငစြမးမရသညေနရာမားက လး၀ ေရာငကြငးေရြးခယသြားမညျဖစသည။

ပငမစခနးတစခအား Survey လပငနးစဥမားေဆာငရြကေနသမကာလပတလး တညေဆာကထားရသြားမညျဖစၿပး ေဖာကခြေရးပစၥညးမားအသးျပၿပးေဆာငရြကရမညဆကစမစလပငနးေဆာငရြကမႈမားကဆကလကလပေဆာငႏငရနအတြကရြကဖငတစခနးမားကလညးတညေဆာကအသးျပသြားပါမည။ ေဖာကခြေရးပစၥညးမားပငမထားသရာေနရာမာ နးစပရာ တပမေတာတပရငးမားအနးတြငတညရမညျဖစပါသည။ အကယ၍ ေဖာကခြေရးပစၥညးပငမထားသသညေနရာ မာ လပငနး ေဆာငရြကမႈႏင အလြနေဝးကြာသည ေနရာတြင တညရေနပါကယာယထားသရာေနရာမားကလညးSurveyေဆာငရြကသညေနရာအနးတစဝကတြငတညေဆာကအသးျပပါမည။မညသ႔ပငျဖစေစယငးေနရာမားကေရြးခယရာတြငကာကြယေရးဝနႀကးဌာန၏ ခြငျပခကကရယသြားမညျဖစသည။စခနးခမႈအတြကျပငဆငေဆာငရြကျခငးမားျပလပရာတြငတညေနရာက ေရြးခယျခငးအားကနထ႐ကတာဘကမအရာရမားႏငeniMyanmar၏ကယစားလယမားကသာေရြးခယ သတမတေစပါမည။ လပငနးေဆာငရြကရာဝငးအားၿခစညး႐းခတထားမညျဖစၿပးတာဝနရသမားႏငေကာငးစြာေလကငထားသမားကသာ ဝငခြငျပသြားပါမည။ မးအႏရာယႀကတငကာကြယမႈ စနစမား ကလညး ေကာငးစြာ ျပငဆငေဆာငရြကသြားပါမည။ သးသန႔ Site Abandonment Plan တစခကလညး eni Myanmar ဘကမ ျပစတငျပသြားမညျဖစၿပး ယငး Camp စခနးမားအားမညသ႔ပတသမးခရမညဆသညလပငနးစဥမားကထညသြငးေရးဆြသြားပါမည။ စခနးမားပတသမးမႈတြင ယာဥယႏရားမား ၊ စကကရယာမား၊ အေဆာကအအမား ႏင အျခားစခနးသး အေသတပဆငထားသညအသးအေဆာငပစၥညးမားအားလးတ ႔အားဖယရားျခငးကလညးထညသြငးေဆာငရြကသြားပါမည။

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



၁.၂.၁ စမကနး၏ ေကာငးကးမား ယခေဆာငရြကမည ဟကဒ႐ကာဗြန တးေဖာေရးစမကနးသည အမးသားစမကနး (National Plan) ႏငအည အလပအကငအခြငအလမးသစမားက ဖနတးေပးႏငမညျဖစကာ ႏငငအတြငး ဟကဒ႐ကာဗြနအရငးအျမစမားက အသးခႏငျခငးမတဆင အကးရလဒမားက ျဖစထြနးလာေစႏငမညျဖစသည။

၁.၂.၂ အေကာငအထညေဖာေရးအစအစဥ ထတလပမႈအေပၚအကးတခြေဝေရးစာခပ(PSC) အရ တးေဖာမႈကာလ ၃ ႏစအတြငးသာ အလးစေသာ လပငနး ေဆာငရြကမႈမားက အေကာငအထညေဖာသြားမညျဖစပါသည။

၁.၃ ဥပေဒမေဘာင ႏင တညဆဥပေဒမား ယခ ESHIA အစရငခစာအား သယဇာတႏင သဘာဝပတဝနးကငထနးသမးေရးဝနႀကးဌာနမ ထတျပနထားသည EIA လပထးလပနညးအသစမားတြင သတမတထားသည အတငးသာ လကနာျပစထားျခငးျဖစပါသည။

ယခ ESHIA အစရငခစာကျပစရာတြင ေအာကပါ လမးညႊနခကမား ၊ စႏႈနးမားႏင စညးကမးမားအား လကနာျပစ ထားျခငးျဖစပါသည -

eni မ လကခကငသးသည IPIECA ႏင WHO ၏ လမးညႊနခကမား IFC စႏႈနးမား ကသ႔ေသာ ႏငငတကာမဝါဒမား ၊ ဥပေဒသမားႏင စႏႈနးသတမတခကမား၊

ျမနမာႏငငမအသအမတျပထားေသာ ႏငငတကာဆငရာ သဘာဝပတဝနးကငဆငရာကစၥမားႏငဆကစပ စာခပစာတမးမား ႏင သေဘာတညခကမား။

ျမနမာႏငင၏ စမခန႔ခြမႈ၊ သဘာဝပတဝနးကင၊ လမႈေရးႏင ကနးမာေရး၊ လၿခေရးဆငရာ စညးမဥးဥပေဒမား။ စမကနးဖြ႔ၿဖးေရးအတြက အေရးႀကးအေၾကာငးျခငးရာမားျဖစျခငးေၾကာင ESHIA ၏သတမတခကမားႏင သကဆငအကးဝငသည တညဆဥပေဒမားအားလးႏငကကညေအာင အထးအေလးထားပါသည။ ယငးဥပေဒမားမာ သဘာဝပတဝနးကငထနးသမးေရးဥပေဒ (၂၀၁၂)၊ သဘာဝပတဝနးကငထနးသမးေရး နညးဥပေဒမား (၂၀၁၄)၊ ႏငငျခားရငးႏးျမပႏမႈဥပေဒ (၂၀၁၂) ႏင ယငးဥပေဒကျပငဆငထားသညဥပေဒ (၂၀၁၅)၊ ႏငငျခားရငးႏးျမပႏမႈနညးဥပေဒမား (၂၀၁၃)၊ သဘာဝပတဝနးကငသကေရာကမႈစစေဆးတငးတာ ေရး လပထးလပနညးမား (၂၀၁၆)၊ သဘာဝပတဝနးကငအရညအေသြးစႏႈနးသတမတခကမား(၂၀၁၆)၊ယဥေကးမႈအေမြအႏစေဒသမားကာကြယထနးသမးေရးဥပေဒ(၁၉၉၈)၊ယဥေကးမႈအေမြအႏစေဒသမားကာကြယထနးသမးေရးဥပေဒဥပေဒကျပနလညျပငဆငထားသညဥပေဒ (၂၀၀၉)၊ ေရးေဟာငးအေဆာက အအမား ကာကြယထနးသမးေရးဥပေဒ (၂၀၁၅) ႏင ေရးေဟာငးဝတပစၥညးမားကာကြယထနးသမးေရးဥပေဒ (၂၀၁၅) တ႔ျဖစၾကပါသည။

Eni SpA ႏင eni Myanmar စႏႈနးမား၊ ပညာရပဆငရာႏင လပငနးေဆာငရြကမႈ လမးညႊနခက Guidelines မား၊ ညႊနၾကားခကမားႏင လပထးလပနညးမား။

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



၁.၄ စမကနးေဒသတစဝက၏ သဘာဝပတဝနးကငဆငရာအေျချပအခကအလကမား ESHIA အေျချပအခကအလကမား၏ ရညရြယခကမာ RSF-5 လပကြကဧရယာအတြငးတြင တညရေနေသာ မတညသညသဘာဝပတဝနးကင၊လမႈေရးႏငကနးမာေရးအေျခခစႏႈနးမားကစမကနးတညေနရာတစခလး၏ကယစားျပ အခကအလကမားအေနျဖင ျပညစေစစပစြာ ၿခငသးသပထားခကတစရပထြကေပၚလာေစရနျဖစပါသည။ အေျချပအခကအလကမားကတကသညအမားျပညသႏင ေဒသချပညသမားႏင သဘာဝပတဝနးကင၊လမႈေရးႏင ကနးမာေရး ဆငရာ သေတသနျပေလလာမႈမား အဆကအသြယမား၊ အငတာဗးမား လကမား႔ကြငးဆငး ေလလာမႈမရရသည အခကအလကမားႏင တစဆငခအခကအလကမားအား သးသပခကတစခ အေပၚတြင အေျခခထားပါသည။

ဆကစမစတငးတာေလလာမႈ၏အတငးအတာမာ RSF -5 လပကြက၏ ဧရယာအမားစတြင ျပလပရမညျဖစပါသည။ ပ ၁.၃ တြငျပထားသညအတငး လပကြက၏နယနမတအား သဘာဝပတဝနးကင၊ လမႈေရးႏင ကနးမာေရး အေျချပအခကအလကမားအတြက လႊမးမးမႈဧရယာ (Area of Influence) အျဖစသတမတထားၿပးျဖစပါသည။

ေလလာမႈဧရယာ(Study Area)၏ အေျချပအခကအလကေဖာထတျခငးက ရရသမသတငးအခကအလကမားအား သးသပအေျခခၿပး ေဆာငရြကသြားမညျဖစသည။ အထးသျဖင ႏငငေတာအဆငႏင တငးေဒသႀကးအဆင သဘာဝပတဝနးကင၊ လမႈေရးႏင ကနးမာေရးအေျခခ သတငးအခကအလကမားက အေျခခေဆာငရြကသြားမည ျဖစပါသည။ လပကြကဧရယာတစခလး၏ ေျမအေနအထားသတငးအခကအလကမား ၿဂလတဓာတပမားအား လးတ႔က အေျခခၿပး ေအာကပါ ပငမကနးေျမဧရယာမားက သတမတေဖာထတသြားပါမည။ (ESHIA ၏ အပဒ ၅.၃.၅ တြင ေဖာျပထားၿပးျဖစပါသည။)

ေျမလြတေျမ႐ငး သဘာဝေပါကပငမား အေဆာကအဥ လမးမား ၿမ႕ျပဧရယာ ၿမ႕ျပစကပးေရးေနရာမား ေကာကပသးႏစကပးေျမမား ျမကခငးျပငမား ျမစအတြငးထြနးေနသညေသာငမား ေကာကျဖနး ႏင ေကာကစရစျဖမား ျမစမား ေရတြငးေရကန အငးအငျမစေခာငးမား

အထကပါ ယငးေျမမကႏာသြငျပငအထားမားက သကဆငရာသကေရာကမႈစစေဆးတငးတာခကအတြက အေျခခ အခကမား အျဖစ ထညသြငးစဥးစားထားၿပးျဖစပါသည။

အေျချပအခကအလကမားက သဘာဝတရားပငး ၊ ဇဝေဗဒဆငရာ၊ လမႈစးပြားေရး၊ ယဥေကးမႈ၊ အသြငအျပငပငး ႏင ကနးမာေရးပငးဟ၍ အဓကက႑ (၆) ခအျဖစ ခြျခမးစစညးတငျပထားပါသည။

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



ပ ၁.၃ သဘာဝပတဝနးကငလမႈေရးႏငကနးမာေရး အေျချပအခကမားအတြက လႊမးမးမႈဧရယာ

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



၁.၄.၁ သဘာဝတရားႏငဆငေသာ အခကအလကမား RSF-5 လပကြကသည ပ ၁.၃ တြငျပထားသညအတငး မေကြးတငးေဒသႀကးတြငတညရၿပး ရခင႐းမ၏ မးရပဧရယာ အတြငးတြင ကေရာကေနပါသည။ ရခငရးမ၏ သည မးေရမားအား အေနာကေတာငမတသေလမ အမားဆးရရသည။လႈငးပမာမ႔ေမာကနမဝမးေနသညေျမျပငအသြငသ႑ာနသညမးေရႏငေလမားျပငးထနစြာ တကစားမႈေၾကာင ျဖစေပၚ လာျခငးျဖစပါသည။ ၿမ႕ေတာအမညမာ မေကြးၿမ႕ ( ၁၉၉၄ ခႏစ သနးေခါငစာရငးအရ လဥးေရ ၃ သနး) ျဖစသည။ အလယပငးေျမနမလြငျပငတြငတညရၿပး ဧရာဝတျမစႏင ျမစလကတကအမားစ၏ ေရလႊမးေဒသလညး ျဖစေသာေၾကာင ယငးေဒသတြင ေတာငကနးငယမားရၿပး မးေတာငမားလညး ရသညအျပင စစကငးျပတေရြ႕ေၾကာငးဇနအတြငးလညး ကေရာကေနသညက မား႔ရရသည။ ထ႔ျပင ယငးေဒသသည ေဘးတကေရြ႕ျပတေရြ႕ေၾကာငးေပၚတြင သသာထငရားစြာ တညရေနပါသည။

ေလထ

RSF- 5 လပကြကသည ေအာကပါ ဥတရာသႏစမးျဖစေသာ အပပငးဆာဗားနားရာသဥတ ( ေျခာက ေသြ႔ဇန အနးတစဝက) ႏင အပပငးျမကခငးလြငျပင (ေျခာကေသြ႔ဇန) တ႔အၾကားတြင တညရေနသည။

ယငးေဒသ၏ လစဥအမားဆးအပခနမာ ၃၀.၂ ႏင ၄၀.၄ ဒဂရစငတဂရတအထရၿပး အနမဆးအပခနမာ ၁၃.၅ မ ၂၆.၆ဒဂရစငတဂရတအထသာေလာနညးတတသည။အျမငဆးအပခနကဧပရယလလတြငတငးတားထားျခငး ျဖစသည။

အျမငဆးစထငးဆတနဖးမားက ဆငကလနးရာသႏငနးကပသည ဇြနလ မ ႏဝငဘာလအထ တငးတာသည။ မးရာသ တြင အျမငဆး အပခနအညႊနကနးမာ "Extreme Cation" လြနကအဆင သ႔ေရာကရတတၿပး ၉၅ မ ၁၀၀ အၾကားရတတသည။

မးရာသတြင ရာသဥတၾကညလငမႈနညးပါးၿပး ေျခာကေသြ႔ေသာရာသမားတြင ေနထြက ႏင ေနဝငခနမားတြင မၾကာခဏဆသလ ျမထျခငးမားရေသာလညး ရာသဥတၾကညလငသည။

ယငးေဒသက မးရာသတြင အေနာကေတာငမတသေလဝငေရာကေလရၿပး ေအးျမေျခာကေသြ႔သည ရာသမားတြငအေရ႕ေျမာကမတသေလဝငေရာကေလရသည။မေကြးမးေလဝသႏငဇလေဗဒဌာနမတငးတာ ခကမားအရ ေလတက ႏႈနးမားမာ တစနာရလင ၀.၈၈ မငမ ၁.၆၇ မငအတြငးတကခတသည။

ေလထအရညအေသြး တငးတာေရးဌာနမားက RSF -5 လပကြကအတြငး ၂၀၁၆ ခႏစ မတလ ၁၁ ရကေန႔မ ၂၄ ရကေန႔ အထ ေလတကႏႈနး၊ ေလဥးတညရာအရပ၊ ေလထအပခန ႏင ေလထစထငးဆတ႔က ေလလာၿပး ဝနးကငေလထအရညအေသြးေဒတာမားႏင မးေလဝသႏငဇလေဗဒဆငရာ အခကအလကမားက ေစာငၾကည ေလလာမႈမားျပလပရန တာဝနခထားခၿပးျဖစသည။

အေျချပအခကအလကမားမ စေဆာငးေကာကယထားေသာ အေျချပေလထအရညအေသြးမားအရ ႏြားလရြာ ႏင ေတာငယာေတာရြာတ႔မ လြ၍ ကနသညေနရာမားအားလးတ႔တြင WHO ၏ Guideline မားထက Particulate Level မားျဖစေသာ PM2.5 ႏင PM10 တ႔မာ ပျမငေနေၾကာငးႏင ေဖာျပပါ ရြာႏစရြာ၏ Particulate Level တနဖးမားမာWHO Guideline မားအထက PM10 values မားသာလငရေၾကာငးေလလာမား႔ရရပါသည။ NO2 ၊ CO ၊ O3 ႏင Atomic Radiation Level မားမာ သတမတစႏႈနးမားႏင ကကညေၾကာငးမား႔ရရပါသည။ အျခားဓာတေငြ႔မားျဖစေသာ VOC ၊ NH3 ၊ C H4 တ႔ကလညး လကရအေျချပ ဝနးကငေလထအတြငးပါဝငမႈ မညမရေၾကာငး ေစာငၾကညေလလာခၿပး ျဖစပါသည။ SO2 ပါဝငမႈပမာဏသည မေကြးၿမ႕နယအတြငးရ

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



ေပပငစမးရြာႏင ေတာငယာေတာရြာ (၂) ရြာမလြ၍ ကနေနရာမားအားလးတ႔တြင သတမတ Guideline မားထက ပါဝငမႈပမာဏပေနေၾကာငးလလာမား႔ရရပါသည။ အထကပါရြာႏစရြာ၏ SO2 ပါဝငမႈပမာဏသည သတမတ Guideline မားထက နမကေနေသာလညး သတမတပမာဏ ႏင အနညးငယသာကြာဟေနေၾကာငး ေလလာမား႔ရရပါသည။

ဥတရာသအေျပာငးအလႏငပတသက၍ စကပးေရးက႑ရ CH4 ႏင N2O ထတလႊတမႈလမးေၾကာငးမားက ၂၀၀၀ မ ၂၀၀၅ ခႏစ ေရတကာလအတြငးႏင ၁၉၉၀-၂၀၃၀ ေရရညကာလအတြငးတ႔တြငပါ သသာစြာတးတကလာေၾကာငး ထငရားစြာေဖာျပထားပါသည။ ထ႔ျပင လဥးေရတးတကလာမႈေၾကာင အမႈကစြန႔ပစမႈက႑တြငလညး CH4 ထတလႊတမႈပမာဏ သသာစြာတးတကလာသညက မား႔ရပါသည။ သစေတာမားျပနးတးမႈေၾကာငျဖစေပၚလာေသာေျမယာအသးျပမႈေျပာငးလလာျခငးႏင သစေတာက႑တ႔မလညး ယငးဓတေငြ႔ကအဓကထတလႊတလာျခငးမားမား႔ရရပါသည။ထ႔အျပငသဘာဝသစေတာဧရယာမားေလာနညးလာမႈေၾကာငသဘာဝသစေတာမား၏စစေပါငးႏစစဥCO2ဖယရားစပယႏငစြမးမာလညးပမနကဆငးလကရသည။

စမကနးတညရရာေဒသသည ေကးလကေဒသျဖစေသာေၾကာင အသပငးဆငရာပတဝနးကငအေနျဖင ဝနးကင ဆညမႈ နညးပါးႏငပါသည။ RSF-5 လပကြကအတြငး ၂၄ နာရဆညမႈ ပမာဏ တငးတာမႈလပေဆာငရာတြင ဆညမႈပမာဏမားမာ ဝနးကငဆညမႈအဆင 40.4 dB (A) မ 61.5 dB (A) အၾကား ရေနပါသည။ ယငးသ႔တငး တာရာတြင LAeq အတြက အေျခခခြျခားသညအခနမားမာ ေန႔ခငးအခနတြင ၁၆ နာရႏင ညဘကပငးတြင ၈ နာရအသးသးတြင တငးတာချခငးျဖစသည။ စငက၊ ေပပငစမး ၊ ခႀကးကနး၊ မေနာကနး ႏင ႏြားလရြာတ႔၏ ညဘကဆညမႈအဆငမားသည WHO စႏႈနးမားႏင တခါးဖြငအပေနခန (Outdoor Values) ျပင ပမ ဆညမႈမား အပခနးတြငးသ႔ဝငေရာကမႈအတြက သတမတထားေသာ Leq-Night Guidlines မား၏ အထကတြငရေနေၾကာငး မား႔ရရပါသည။ ယငးပမာဏသည ေမာတာဆငကယမားႏင လပစစဓာတအားအတြကအသးျပေသာ ဒဇယ အငဂငမးစကမား၏ ရလဒတနဖးမားႏင အနးစပဆးတညမႈရပါသည။

ေရထ

RSF-5လပကြကသည ဧရာဝတျမစကျဖတလကတညရေနျခငးျဖစၿပး ယငးျမစသည လပကြကဧရယာအား အေနာကေတာငဘကေထာငတြင ပတေကြ႔သြားေသာလညး 3D Survey Grid ကထစပျခငးေတာ မရပါ။ ရငေခာငးျမစ (ဧရာဝတျမစ၏မလျမစလကတကႀကး) သည 3D Seismic ဧရယာ၏ ေျမာကဘကႏင အေရ႕ဘကအပငးတ႔အတြငးသ႔ စးဝငေနပါသည။ ရငေခာငးျမစလကတကမ ခြထြကလာေသာ လပေခာငးႏင မြနေခာငးတ႔သညလညး ေျမာကဘကအရပသ႔ စးထြကသြားပါသည။

RSF-5 အတြငးရ ေနရာ ၁၄ ခတြင မကႏာျပငေရနမနာရယျခငးလပငနးက ေဆာငရြကၿပးစးၿပးျဖစပါသည။ pH စစေပါငးေပာဝငေျမစငမားႏင မနဂနတ႔မလြ၍ ကန Parameter မားအားလးတ႔သည ေရအရညအေသြး စႏႈနးမားအတြငးသာ ရပါသည။ pH ပမာဏမာ တညေနရာ (၇) ခရ ေရထပတဝနးကငမားအတါငး သတမတ စႏႈနးအထကတြငရပါသည။ pH ျမငမားျခငးမာ ေျခာကေသြ႔ရာသအတြငးရယထားေသာ ေရနမနာ မားေၾကာငျဖစပါသည။ ယငးတညေနရာမားတြင ျမစေခာငးအငးအငေရကနမားအတြငး ေရပမာဏေလာနညး ကာ pH ပမာဏ ျမငတကလာေလရပါသည။ မနဂနဓာတသည တညေနရာ (၃) ခတြင သတမတစႏႈနးအထက တြငရေနသညကမား႔ရသည။

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



ေျမေအာကေရအနကမားမာလညး စမကနးေဒသအတြငးရ ေရေအာငးလႊာမားအေပၚ မတညၿပး တညမႈမရၾက ေၾကာငးမား႔ရရသည။ စမကနးဧရယာအတြငး ေျမေအာကေရမား႔ရရတတသည ခန႔မနးေျခအနကမာ ၁.၈၃ မတာ (၆ ေပ) အနကမ စ၍မား႔ရတတၿပး အခ႕ေနရာမားတြင ၂၃၁.၅ မတာ (အဝစတြငးမားတြင ~၇၆၀ ေပ) မစ၍ မား႔ရတတသည။

ေျမေအာကေရနမနာရယျခငး က RSF-5 လပကြကဧရယာအတြငး တညေနရာ ၂၆ ခသတမတၿပး ရယစစေဆး ခသည။ အဝစတြငးနကမားတြင Total Dissolved Solid ပမာဏမာ ရယႏငသညသတမတပမာဏထက ပမျမင မားေကာလြနေနသညကမား႔ရ မတတမးတငထားပါသည။ ယငးသ႔ျမငမားမႈ၏ အေၾကာငးရငးမာ ေရေအာငးလႊာမားအတြငး သဘာဝ အေလာက ေရေငြ႔ျပနျခငး၊ မးရြာျခငး သ႔မဟတ ေကာကသားမား ေၾကမြျခငးျဖစစဥတ႔ေၾကာငျဖစဟနတပါသည။ ထ႔ေၾကာငသာ ရြာသားမားအေနျဖငအဝစတြငးမားအားလးတ႔တြငေရတြငးအနယထငျခငးႏင နနးကျခငးမားျဖစေပၚမႈေၾကာင ေရတမတြငးမားကသာ အသးျပၿပး ေရရယ ၾကျခငး ျဖစဟနတပါသည။ တညေနရာ (၄) ခတြင pH ပမာဏသည သတမတထားသည အမားဆးပမာဏစႏႈနး အထကတြငရေနပါသည။ မနဂန (Mn) သညလညး တညေနရာ (၁၀) ခမ (၂၆) ခခန႔အထတြင သတမတစႏႈနး မား၏ အထကတြငရေနေၾကာငးေလလာမား႔ရရပါသည။

ေျမထ

သးသပေလလာမႈအရ RSF-5 လပကြကအတြငးရ ကနးေျမပစအေနအထားမားက ပငမ Land cover အမးအစားမားအျဖစ ေျမလြတေျမ႐ငး ၊ သဘာဝေပါကပငမား ၊ အေဆာကအဥ၊ လမးမား ၊ ၿမ႕ျပဧရယာ ၊ ၿမ႕ျပစကပးေရးေနရာမား၊ေကာကပသးႏစကပးေျမမား၊ ျမကခငးျပငမား၊ ျမစအတြငးထြနးေနသညေသာငမား၊ ေကာကျဖနး ႏင ေကာကစရစျဖမား၊ ျမစမား၊ ေရတြငးေရကန အငးအငျမစေခာငးမား ဟခြျခားသတမတႏငပါသည။

အေပၚယေျမဆလႊာႏင ေအာကေျမဆလႊာ

RSF-5 လပကြကသည အလယပငးေျမနမလြငျပငမားတြင တညရပါသည။ ယငးေဒသမားသည ေျမၾသဇာေကာငးမြနေသာ ရႊ႕ေစးေျမျပန႔လြငျပငမားျဖစၾကၿပး ႀကၾကားၾကၾကားေနရာမားတြင ေတာငကနး ေတာငတနးမားလညး တညရေနပါသည။ စစကငးငလငျပတေရြ႕ေၾကာငးႀကး (ဝငးေဆြ ၁၉၈၁) သည ယငးေဒသ၏ အေရ႕ဘကဖားအစြနးမ ျဖတသနးတညရေနျခငးျဖစပါသည။

RSF-5 လပကြကတြင ေအာကပါ ဘမဆငရာ ယနစသးခရေနေၾကာငးမား႔ရရပါသည။ ဧရာဝတအပစ ႏင အျခားတညေသာအပစမား၊ အထကပခးအပစ၊ ပငလယေရငနၿငၿင ႏင အျခားကနးေျမဆငရာ အလားတအပစမား၊ သကႏႏနးေျမမားျဖစပါသည။

ယငးေဒသတြင ဧရာဝတေရလႊမးလြငျပငမားသည ပငလယေရမကႏာျပငအထက ေပအျမင ၂၀ မတာတြငရၿပး ကနးျမငေဒသမားတြင ၃၂၀ မတာအထအျမငရပါသည။ ယငးေဒသ၏ ေလာေစာကမာ အလြနေျပေလာ (<1%) ပါသည။

လပကြကအတြငးရ ေျမသားအမးအစားမားမာ- Light Forest Soils (Cinnamon) Nitosol ၊ Meadow Soils (Gleysol) ၊ Meadow Alluvial Soil (Gleysol Fluvic) ၊ Red Brown Savanna Soils (Luvisol) ႏင Dark Compact Soils (Vertisol) တ႔ျဖစၾကပါသည။

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



ျမနမာႏငငတစဝမးလးတြင ဆကစမစပညာရပအရ တညၿငမမႈမရဘ ဆကစမစျဖစလြယသည အႏရာယမားလညး ရေနေၾကာငး မား႔ရရပါသည။ USGS ၏ အဆအရ RSF-5 လပကြကသည ( Modified Mercalli Intensity အရ) 7-8 MMI ဧရယာအတြငးတြင လးဝတညရေနေၾကာငးမား႔ရရပါသည။

စမကနးဧရယာအတြငး မးေတာငမရေသာလညး ျမနမာႏငငတြင ယေရးရနး tectonic plate ေအာကတြငရေနေသာ အငဒပစဖတ subduction ႏငဆကစပလကရသည မးေတာငအရငအနညးငယ ရေနပါသည။

မေကြးတငးေဒသႀကးတြင စကပးေျမအမားဆးရေနၿပး သဘာဝေပါကပငအနညးငယသာ ကနရေနသညက မား႔ရ ရပါသည။ ေျမျပငတစခလးက အေရာငစ ေကာကပသးနမားႏင စကခငးမားက ဖးလႊမးထားသညက မား႔ရရပါသည။

ေျမဆလႊာနမနာစမးသပမႈအား လပကြကအတြငးရ တညေနရာ (၂၀) ခတြင စမးသပခပါသည။ ေျမဆလႊာ၏ pH ပမာဏမားမာ တညေနရာ (၈) ခတြင ၅.၃ မ ၉.၂ အထ ရေနၿပး စႏႈနးမားအထကတြငရေနသညကမား႔ရပါသည။ ေျမဆလႊာနမနာမားအားလးတြင ဟကဒ႐ကာဗြနပါဝငမႈ မရသညကမား႔ရပါသည။ Arsenic (As) ၊ Nickel (Ni) ႏင Chromium (Cr) သတမားမလြ၍ အျခားတနဖးမားအားလးမာ စကပးေရးအသးျပမႈဆငရာ စႏႈနးမားေအာကတြင သာရေနသညကမား႔ရပါသည။ တညေနရာတစခတြင Arsenic (As) ၊ Nickel (Ni) ႏင Chromium (Cr) သတမားမလြ၍ အျခားတနဖးမားအားလးမာ စကပးေရးအသးျပမႈဆငရာ စႏႈနးမားအထကတြငရေနသညကမား႔ ရပါသည။

၁.၄.၂ ဇဝေဗဒဆငရာအေျခခအခကအလကမား ျမနမာႏငငတစဝမးလး (ေျမာကဖားပငးေဒသမားမလြ၍) သည အငဒဘားမား ဇဝမးကြစစေပါငးရာ Hot Spot အတြငး တညရေနပါသည။ ယငး Hot Spot က ႏငငတကာထနးသမးေရးအဖြ႔အစညး (CIO) မ သတမတထားျခငးျဖစသည။

၂၀၀၉ခႏစတြငNCEA(သဘာဝပတဝနးကငကစၥရပမားဆငရာ အမးသားေကာမရငအဖြ႔) က ႏငငေတာအဆင ေတာကေလာကဖြ႔ၿဖးတးတကမႈမဟာဗဟာ ( NSDS ) က ျမနမာႏငငအတြက ခမတေပးခပါသည။ ႏငငအတြငး ထနးသမးမႈျပလပရမည လမးေၾကာငး (၄) ခႏင ကာကြယရမညဧရယာ ၄၃ ခက သတမတေဖာထတေပးၿပး ျဖစပါသည။

ေလလာမႈဧရယာအတြငးတြင ႏငငတကာမ ကာကြယထားေသာဧရယာမားမပါဝငပါ။ အဓက Biodiversity Area ျဖစေသာ ( ဧရာဝတျမစ ဆငျဖကၽြနးမ မငးဘးအထ) မာ RSF-5

လပကြကအတြငးတညရ ပါသည။ ယငးဧရယာသည လပကြကဧရယာ၏ ၁ ရာခငႏႈနးေအာကသာ ဖးလႊမးထားၿပး ဆကစမစေဆာငရြကရာ ဧရယာအတြငးတြင ရေနျခငးမဟတပါ။

RSF-5 လပကြကတစခလးသည ဧရာဝတေျမျပန႔လြငျပငမား၏ Endemic Bird Area အတြငးတြင တညရေနပါသည။

လပကြကႏင အနးဆး ကာကြယထားခရသညဧရယာမားမာ ေရႊစကေတာသဘာဝေဘးမေတာ ႏင ဝကထးကန ေကးငကေဘးမေတာမား ျဖစၾကပါသည။

ICUN ၏ Red List အရ ၂၀၁၆ ခႏစအတြက ဇဝမးစကြျပားမႈေထာကလမးေလလာျခငးသေတသနက ေဆာငရြကခၿပး ငကမးစတေပါငး ၃၂ စတႏင ႏ႔တကသတဝါမးစတ ၂ စတရေနေၾကာငးအတညျပခပါသည။ ေဒသခမားႏငျပလပသည မား႔ဆေမးျမနးမႈမားအရ ေနာကထပ ႏ႔တကသတဝါ ၁၅ မး၊ ငက ၁၃ မး၊ တြားသြား မးစတ ၃၀ မးႏင ကနးေနေရေနမးစတ ၂၁ မး၊ ေကာရးမသတဝါ မးစတ ၁၄ မး၊ ငါးမးစတ ၁၇

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



မးတ႔သည စမကနး ဧရယာအတြငး ရေနႏငေၾကာငး ေလလာမား႔ရရပါသည။ ယငးမးစတမားထတြင အထးထနးသမးေစာင ေရာကရခရမည မးတနးလနးပါးျဖစေနေသာ မးစတ ၂ မး၊ Endangered အဆင ၆ မး၊ Vulnerable အဆင ၇ မး Threatened အဆင မးစတ ၁၄ မးတ႔ရေနေၾကာငးမား႔ရရသည။

IPIECA နညးပညာက အသးျပ ယငးေဒသမားအတြငးရ သကရမားကကစားေနမႈက ေလလာေဖာထတထားၿပး ျဖစပါသည။မား႔ရရေသာသကရမားမာ ျမကခငးျပငတြငကကစားသည သတဝါမား၊ သစေတာအတြငးကကစား သညသတဝါမား၊ စကပးေျမမားအတြငးကကစားသညသတဝါမား ႏင ေရဝပေဒသ၊ ျမစေခာငးအငးအင ေရကနမားတြင ကကစားသညသတဝါမားဟ၍ မား႔ရရပါသည။

ပါဝငေနေသာေဂဟစနစဝနေဆာငမႈမားမာအမးစရေနၿပးယငးတ ႔ကေအာကပါအတငးအပစခြေဖာျပႏငပါသည။ Provision ၊ Regulating ႏင Cultural တ႔ျဖစပါသည။ ESHIA အပဒ ၅.၄ တြင ေဂဟစနစဝနေဆာငမႈစာရငး အေသး စတကေဖာျပထားပါသည။

၁.၄.၃ လမႈေရးဆငရာအေျခခအခကမား RSF-5 လပကြကသည မေကြးတငးေဒသႀကးတြငတညရပါသည။ ယငးေဒသသည အေနာကေတာငမတသေလမား တကခတဝငေရာကသည ရခငရးမ၏ မးရပေအာကတြင တညရပါသည။ ေျမၾသဇာေကာငးမြနမႈနညးေသာ သႏႈနးအႏစမားအမားစႏငဖြ႔စညးထားၿပး မးႏငေလတ႔၏ ျပငးထနစြာတကစားမႈဒဏကခရေသာ ေဒသျဖစပါသည။

မေကြးတငးေဒသႀကးတြင မေကြး၊ မငးဘး ၊ သရက၊ ပခက ႏင ဂန႔ေဂါခ႐ငမားျဖငဖြ႔စညးထားၿပး ၿမ႕နယေပါငး ၂၅ ၿမ႕နယ ႏင ၁၆၉၆ ရပကြက-ေကးရြာအပမား စေပါငးပါဝငပါသည။ ၿမ႕ေတာမာ မေကြးၿမ႕ (၁၉၉၄ ခႏစတြင ခန႔မနးေျခလဥးေရ ၃ သနးရ) ျဖစပါသည။ အျခားထငရားေသာ ၿမ႕မားမာ ပခကႏင မငးဘးတ႔ျဖစၾကသည။

မေကြးတငးေဒသႀကးသညအလယပငးေျမနမလြငျပငေဒသတြငတညရၿပးဧရာဝတျမစႏင ယငးျမစလကတကႀကးမား၏ ေရလႊမးေရဝပခေဒသမားလညး ျဖစပါသည။ ေတာငကနးမား၊ ေတာငေၾကာမား ႏင ေတာငငယမားအခ႕ ေနရာမားတြင တညရပါသည။ ဤေဒသတြင ေတာငေၾကာငယမားအထပထပရၿပး မးေတာငမားႏင စစကငးျပတေရြ႕ေၾကာငးေပၚတြင တညေနသည ေဒသျဖစပါသည။ ယငးေဒသသည အဓကထငရားေသာ အလားလကျပတေရြ႕ေၾကာငးႀကးေပၚတြင တညရေနျခငးျဖစပါသည။

လမႈစးပြားဆငရာ အဓကေလလာမား႔ရခကမားက ေအာကပါအတငးေဖာျပအပပါသည။

ျမနမာႏငငသည အရငးအျမစသယဇာတကြယဝေသာ အထးသျဖင ေရနႏငသဘာဝဓာတေငြ႔ အျပင ကၽြနးသစမား ေပါကြယဝသည ႏငငတစချဖစသည။

စကပးေရးအဓကလပကငသညႏငငျဖစၿပးလဥးေရ၏၇၀% မာ ေကးလကတြငေနထငၾကသမားျဖစသည။ အဓက စကပးသညသးႏမာ ဆနစပါးျဖစၿပး ႏငငတစဝမးလး၏ စစေပါငး စကပးေျမ ၆၀ % က ဆနစပါးကသာ စကပးပါသည။

ဆငးရသားလတနးစားဥးေရမာ၂၅.၆%ရၿပး ႏငငသားအမားစမာ မမတ႔ဝငေငြက အစားအေသာကေပၚတြင ၇၀%ႏႈနးအသးခၾကၿပးကနရသညရာခငႏႈနးအနညးငယကကနးမာေရးေစာငေရာကမႈႏင မမကေလးငယမား ၏ ပညာေရးအတြက အသးျပၾကပါသည။

ျမနမာႏငငတြင လႀကးစာတတေျမာကမႈႏႈနးမာ အေတာေလး ျမငမား (၉၂.၃%ရ) ပါသည။ မလတနးအရြယ ကေလးငယအမားစ (၉၀.၂%) သည ေကာငးတကႏငၾကၿပး ယငးတနဖးမာ

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



မေကြးတငးေဒသႀကး အတြက အတနငယ(၉၃.၅%) ျမငမားပါသည။ ထ႔ေၾကာင ၅၈.၃% (မေကြးတငးေဒသႀကးတြင ၅၅.၈%) ေသာ အလယတနးေကာငးတကရမညအရြယကေလးမားက ေကာငးတကေနၾကပါသည။ ႏငငေတာအဆငတြင ကား ႏင မ လဥးေရမာ သသာစြာ ျခားနားျခငးမရပါ။

အလပလပႏငသညအရြယ လဥးေရမာ ၃၇.၄၄ သနးရၿပး ယငးအထမ ၃၀.၁၃ သနးမာ အလပလပေနၾကပါ သည။ အလပလကမႏႈနးမာ ၄% သာရပါသည။

ႏငငအတြငးရ လမးအမားစက ခငးထားျခငးမရေသးသညအျပင မးရာသတြင လမးအမားစမာ ျဖတသနးသြား ရန ခကခလပါသည။

၁.၄.၄ ယဥေကးမႈအေျခခအခကအလကမား ယဥေကးမႈအေမြအႏစမားႏငပတသကၿပး ေလလာသးသပရသမ မား႔ရခကမားမာ ေအာကပါအတငးျဖစပါသည။

လကရျမနမာႏငငတြငကမာၻ႕အေမြအႏစစာရငးဝငေဒသ တစခသာရၿပး ပေရးေဟာငးၿမ႕ေတာမားနယေျမ ျဖစပါသည။ယငးေဒသတြင အတနမခဥးတပထားသည ဟနလငး၊ ဗ ႏးႏင သေရေခတရာၿမ႕ေဟာငးတ႔ ပါဝငေနပါသည။ယငးၿမ႕ေဟာငးမားသညဧ၇ာဝတျမစဝမးေဒသ၏ေရမဝပေသာႀကးမားသညေျမျပန႔ဇနတြင တညရပါသည။ ေလလာမႈဧရယာႏင အနးဆးေနရာမာ ဗႏးၿမ႕ေဟာငးျဖစၿပး အနးဆး Shot-Point မာ ၆ ကလမတာအကြာအေဝးတြငတညရပါသည။ Peak Particle Velocity meter ျ PPV ျျဖင တနခါမႈဆငရာသကေရာကမႈစစေဆးေလလာျခငးက ဆကစမစတငးတာမႈမားျပလပစဥတြင တစပါတညး ျပလပသြားမညျဖစၿပးယငးသ႔ျပလပျခငးျဖငဆကစမစလႈငးမားပ႕ႏ႔ရာဧရယာအတြငးရယဥေကးမႈေဒသမားက သကေရာကမႈရေစႏငျခငး ရမရက ေလလာသရႏငေစရနျဖစသည။ PPV တငးတာမႈမားက ေဒသတြငးတညဆဥပေဒစညးမဥးမားႏငအညေဆာငရြကသြားမညျဖစပါသည။ ေဒသစႏႈနးမားမရခပါလင PPVလပထးလပနညးမားကeni၏လၿခေရးအကြာအေဝးျပစႏႈနးဇယားအားအေျခခၿပးသတမတ ေဆာငရြကသြားမညျဖစသည။

ျမနမာႏငငသည ဘရားေစတမားေပါမားသည ႏငငတစချဖစေသာေၾကာင စမကနးဧရယာအတြငး ဘရားေစတမားသသာထငရားသညပမာဏတစခအထတညရေနသညကမား႔ရရပါသည။ လပကြကဧရယာ အတြငးေစတေပါငး၉၆ဆတညရေနပါသည။ ေရးေဟာငးသေတသနနယေျမမားက "ယဥေကးမႈအေမြအႏစမားေစာငၾကညေလလာေရးစမကနး" ျဖင စမခန႔ခြေစာငၾကညေလလာသြားမညျဖစပါ သည။

၁.၄.၅ အသြငအျပငဆငရာအေျခခအခကအလကမား RSF-5 လပကြက၏ နယေျမဧရယာအား ၿဂလတေျမပမားေပၚတြင အေျခခၿပး ေအာကပါအတငး အဓက ဧရယာႀကးမားအျဖစ ခြျခားသတမတႏငပါသည။

စကပးေျမဧရယာမား-ယငးဧရယာမားတြငစကပးေျမကြကမားတစဆကတညးတညရေနၿပး ယငးေျမကြကမားအၾကားစကပးေျမကြကတစကြကႏငတစကြကကဆကစပေပးထားသညအလြန ကဥးေျမာငးေသာကြနယကသဖြယျဖစေနသညလယကနသငးရးမားျဖငခတဆကထားသည။

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



ယငး ဧရယာက အဓကသဘာဝ ေရေျမာငးကြနယက (ရး) စနစမ စကပးေရးျဖန႔ျဖးေပးၿပး လအားျဖင တးေဖာထားေသာ ရးငယမားျဖင စကပးေျမကြကမားသ႔ ေရရရေအာင ေဖာကသြယထားသည။

ေရလႊမးေျမျပန႔ေဒသမား - ယငးေဒသမားသည ေရရရႏငမႈအလြနျမငမားေသာေၾကာင ႀကးမားသည သဘာဝေပါကပငမားလႊမးမးေပါကေရာကေနၾကသည။အဓကအားျဖင ျမကခငးျပငႏင သစေတာကြကငယ မားတညရသည။ ျမစမားက အဓကအားျဖင ယကႏြယေနၾကၿပး ျမစၾကမးျပငမားတြင သႏနးမားႏင ကၽြနးငယမား အမားအျပားတညရသည။ အနယကႏနးမားက ေရလႊမးေျမျပန႔ေဒသမားတြင ကယျပန႔စြာ မား႔ရၿပး လမးမားျဖင ဆကသြယထားသညကမား႔ရသည။

ေတာငကနးေဒသတြင တကစားမႈေၾကာငျဖစေပၚေသာေျမအမးအစားမားရသည ဧရယာ - ယငးဧရယာတြင ခပတ၊ ခႏြယမား၊ ေတာအပမားသည ျမစလကတကငယမားႏင ေခာငးစပမားအထ ေပါကေရာကလႊမးမးထားၾကသည။ေတာငကနခငဝမးႏငေတာငၾကားမားအၾကားရယငးေျမအမးအစားမားကစကပးဧရယာမားအျဖစေျပာငးလထားၾကသည။ယငးဇနမားသ ႔ေခတမလမးပနးဆကသြယမႈမားမေပါကေရာကေသးသညအျပင လေနထငျခငးႏင လေနအမေျခမား ရားပါးေနေၾကာငးမား႔ရရပါသည။

လေနအမေျခမားႏင ေကးရြာမား

၁.၄.၆ ကနးမာေရးအေျခခအခကအလက ESHIA တြငေဖာျပထားသည ေလလာမႈဧရယာအတြငးရ ကနးမာေရးအေျခအေနမားမာ ႏငငေတာအဆငႏင တငးေဒသ ႀကးအဆငရ ရရႏငေသာ သတငးအခကအလကမားက သးသပထားမႈမားမတဆင အေျခခၿပးျပစထားျခငးျဖစသည။ အဓကေလလာမား႔ရမႈမားမာ ေအာကပါအတငျဖစပါသည။

ကနးမာေရးျပနာမားကခႏငစြမးမရသညအခ႕အရပမားတြငကနးမာေရးသတငးအခကအလကမားႏင ကနးမာေရးဝနေဆာငမႈမားရရမႈမာအကန႔အသတျဖငရေနပါသည။ ယငးတ႔အထတြင ေကးလကေဒသေန ျပညသမား၊ ေဝးလေခါငဖားသညအရပေဒသေနသမားႏင ၿမ႕စြနၿမ႕ဖားမ ဝငေငြနညးေသာ မသားစမားတ႔ ပါဝငပါသည။

ႏငငသားမား ကနးမာအသကရညၾကေစရနႀကးမားသညရညရြယခကျဖင ႏငငေတာအဆငကနးမာေရး စမကနးက ေဖာထတထားၿပးျဖစပါသည။ အနာဂါတတြင ကနးမာေရးစနေခၚမႈမားကေျဖရငးႏငရနအတြက ႏစ၃၀ႏစရညစမကနးႀကးမား၊ ႏငငေတာက႑စဖြ႔ၿဖးတးတကေရးစမခကမားကကနးမာေရးက႑အတြက ထညသြငးခမတၿပးျဖစပါသည။

ျမနမာႏငင၏ လ႔သကတမးပမးမ ၆၅.၉ ႏစရပါသည။ အမးသားမားမာ ၆၃.၆ ႏစပမးမျဖစၿပး အမးသမးမားမာ ၆၈.၅ ႏစပမးမျဖစပါသည။

မေကြးတငးေဒသႀကးတြင ေသာကသးေရရယသညအဓကအရငးအျမစမားမာ အဝစတြငးမားမရယမႈမာ ၅၃.၉ % ျဖစၿပး အကာအရရသညေရတြငးမာ ၁၈.၉% ျဖစေသာလညး ၇.၂% ေသာေရတြငးမားမာ အကာအရ မရေသာ တြငးမားျဖစၾကၿပး ၁၀.၆%မာ ေရတြငးေရကနမားမ ရယျခငးျဖစသည။

ျမနမာႏငငတြင မလာႏငေရဆးႏႈတ စနစမားဖြၿဖးတးတကမႈသည ေဒသခမား၏ စးပြားေရး၊ ေနထငရာ အရပေဒသတ႔ ႏင ႀကးမားစြာဆကစပေနပါသည။ ၿမ႕ျပမားတြင လဥးေရ၏ ၉၄.၄ % သည မလာႏငေရဆး စနစမားက ရရအသးျပႏငၾကၿပး ေကးလကမားတြင ၈၀.၄ % ႏင အဆငးရဆးလတနးစားမားအေနျဖင တးတကသည အေျခခအေဆာကအအမားက ၅၉.၈% ခန႔သာလင ရရၾကသည။ အခမးသာဆး လတနးစားမားအၾကားတြင ၉၈.၂% ခန႔ရရၾကသညကမား႔ရသည။

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



မေကြးတငးေဒသႀကးတြင ကေလးသငယမား ေမြးေသဆးနႈနးမာ အျမငမားဆးျဖစၿပး ျမနမာႏငင၏ ေသဆးႏႈနးႏင အဆင ၅ ေအာကတြငရသည။ (ေမြးဖြားၿပးအသကရငႏႈနးမာ ၁၀၀၀ ဥးေရတြင ၇၂.၉ ေသဆးၿပး ၁၀၀၀ တြင ၁၁၃.၆ ေသဆးႏႈနးရသည) ။ မခငေသဆးမႈႏႈနးမာ ၁၀၀၀ ေမြးဖြားလင ၂.၉ ဥးေသဆးသည(ႏငငေတာအဆငေသစာရငးသေတသန၁၉၉၉ခႏစမအခကအလကမားကအေျခခသည။)

၁.၅ သကေရာကမႈစစေဆးတငးတာျခငးႏင ေလာခေရးနညးလမးမား စမကနး၏ သဘာဝပတဝနးကင၊ လမႈေရးႏင ကနးမာေရးသကေရာကမႈမားအား သတမတေဖာထတတငးတာျခငးတ႔က စမကနးႏငပတသကေသာ 3D Seismic Survey လပငနးေဆာငရြကမႈမားအတြက ေဆာငရြကၿပးျဖစပါသည။

(ေကာငးကး သ႔မဟတ ဆးကး) သကေရာကမႈတစခခငးစ၏ ထးျခားမႈမားက eni ၏ စႏႈနးသတမတထားခကမား ( Environmenatal , Social and Health Impact Assessment in Exploration_ AMTE - TG 002 r00) :ႏငအည ေအာကပါ စႏႈနးသတမတခကမားက အသးျပလက စစေဆးတငးတာထားၿပျဖစပါသည။

သကေရာကမႈ၏ ကာလအတငးအတာ ( ဥပမာ - ယာယ၊ ကာလတ၊ ကာလရည၊ အၿမတမး) သကေရာကမႈ၏ အကြာအေဝးအတငးအတာ (ဥပမာ - နယေျမအတြငး၊ ေဒသအတြငး၊ ႏငငေတာအတြငး၊

နယနမတျဖတေကာသကေရာကမႈ) သကေရာကမႈခရေသာ receptor/resource ၏ ခႏငမႈ၊ မလအေျခအေနျပနျဖနႏငမႈ ႏင/သ႔မဟတ

အေရးပါမႈ သကေရာကမႈက ခစားရႏငသည အရာမားအေရအတြက ( လပဂၢလမား၊ အမေထာငစမား၊ လပငနးမား၊

မးစတမား၊ စားကကေျမမား)

သကေရာကမႈေလာခေစႏငမည ထေရာကေသာ ေဆာငရြကမႈမားက ေဖာထတထားၿပးျဖစသညအျပင သကေရာကမႈစစေဆးတငးတာမႈတြင ယငးေဆာငရြကမႈမားမက သကဆငရာ သဘာဝပတဝနးကင ၊ လမႈေရးႏင ကနးမာေရးအေျခခအခကအလကမားအသးသးစအားေဒသတြငးသကေရာကမႈမားအျဖစအေရးေပးေလလာသးသပ ထားၿပးျဖစပါသည။

၁.၅.၁ သဘာဝပတဝနးကငဆငရာ သကေရာကမႈမား Seismic Survey က RSF-5 လပကြကဧရယာအမားစတြင ေဆာငရြကသြားမညျဖစပါသည။ ျဖစေပၚႏငေသာ သကေရာကမႈမားကလညး ပငမ Land Cover မားအျဖစ ေျမလြတေျမ႐ငး ၊ သဘာဝေပါကပငမား ၊ အေဆာကအဥ၊ လမးမား ၊ ၿမ႕ျပဧရယာ ၊ ၿမ႕ျပစကပးေရးေနရာမား ၊ ေကာကပသးႏစကပးေျမမား၊ ျမကခငးျပငမား၊ ျမစအတြငးထြနးေနသညေသာငမား၊ ေကာကျဖနး ႏင ေကာကစရစျဖမား၊ ျမစမား၊ ေရတြငးေရကန အငးအငျမစေခာငးမား ဟခြျခားသတမတထားၿပးျဖစပါသည။

စမကနးေၾကာင ျဖစေပၚႏငသည သဘာဝပတဝနးကငဆငရာ သကေရာကမႈမားမာ ေအာကပါတ႔ႏငဆကႏြယေန ပါသည။

ေလထအရညအေသြး ဆညမႈႏင တနခါမႈ ေရထ ေျမဆလႊာႏင ေအာကေျမဆလႊာ

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



ေဒသရငးအပငမားႏင သဘာဝေပါကပငမား ေဒသရငးတရစာၦနမားႏင စားကကေျမမား ေဂဟစနစဝနေဆာငမႈမား

သဘာဝပတဝနးကငအေပၚသကေရာကမႈမားသညဆကစမစေျမတငးလပငနးစမကနးေဆာငရြကမႈမားျပလပ ေနခနတြင ျဖစေပၚႏငသညအလားအလာရပါသည။

အထကေဖာျပပါအေျခခအမးအစားမားအေပၚ ျဖစေပၚလာႏငသည သကေရာကမႈမားအား ေအာကပါ က႑မားျဖင ေဖာျပမညျဖစၿပး အခပပ ၃ တြငလညး အကဥးခပေဖာျပထားပါသည။

၁.၅.၁.၁ ေလထ LandCoverအမးအစားအားလးအတြကအေသးစားေဖါကခြမႈမားမ ဖနမႈန႔မားထတလႊတမႈေၾကာငျဖစေသာ

သကေရာကမႈမားမာ နညးပါးေၾကာငးေမာလငရပါသည။ ေလာချခငးမား ဥပမာ Wet Suppression နညးက အသးျပျခငး၊ စကယႏရားမား၏ အရနကကန႔သတျခငး၊ ဖနမႈန႔ထြကရမႈက ထနးခပသည နညးလမးမားအသးျပျခငး၊လမးမားအားအခနသတမတၿပးပမနျပျပငေပးျခငးတ ႔က အေကာငအထညေဖာရပါမည။

ယာဥမားႏင မးစကမားမ မႈတထတလကေသာ ေလထညစညမးေစသည အရာမားထတလႊတမႈေၾကာင ျဖစေပၚေသာ သကေရာကမႈမာလညး Land Cover အမးအစားအားလးအတြက နညးပါးမညဟ ေမာလငရပါသည။ပမနျပျပငထနးသမးျခငး၊ယာဥယႏရားမားအသးခမႈကေလာချခငး၊ မးစကမားကလညး WHO ၏ေထာကခလမးညႊနခကမားႏငအည ေလေအာကဘက အရပမားတြငသာ ထားရသးစြျခငးစသည ေလာခေရးလပငနးစဥမားက အေကာငအထညေဖာေဆာငရြကသြားပါမည။

သကေရာကမႈ၏ သဘာဝႏင အေကာငအထညေဖာမည ေလာခေရးနညးလမးမားက ထညသြငးစဥးစားၾကညပါက ဆကစမစေျမတငးလပငနးေဆာငရြကမႈေၾကာငျဖစေပၚလာေသာ သကေရာကမႈမားမာ ေဒသတစခလးအတြက နညးပါး မညဟ ေမာလငရပါသည။

၁.၅.၁.၂ ဆညမႈႏင တနခါမႈျဖစေပၚေစျခငး လပငနးခြငျပငဆငေနရာချခငးႏင Line Clearance တ႔လပေဆာငခနအတြငး ဆညမႈႏင တနခါမႈျဖစေပၚျခငး

တ႔ေၾကာငျဖစေသာ ကာလတသကေရာကမႈမားမာ ယခေလလာသည ဧရယာတြင နညးပါးမညဟ ခန႔မနးရပါသည။ယာဥယႏရားမားအားအသးမလပါကစကရပထားေစျခငးစသည သကေရာကမႈေလာခေရးလပငနးစဥမားက အေကာငအထညေဖာသြားပါမည။

ေဖာကခြမႈလပငနးေဆာငရြကမႈေၾကာငျဖစေပၚလာမညဆညမႈႏငတနခါမႈမားမာ ယခေလလာသညဧရယာတြင နညးပါးမညဟ ခန႔မနးရပါသည။ ယာဥယႏရားမားအား အသးမလပါက စကရပထားေစျခငး၊ ဆညမႈျဖစေစမည လပငနးေဆာငရြကမႈမားက တစၿပငနကတညး ပးေပါငးေဆာငရြကေစျခငး ျဖင ဆညမႈက တစၿပငတညးျဖစေပၚေစျခငး၊ ဆညမႈက ခႏငစြမးမရဆးျဖစသည အခနမားတါင ဆညမႈ ျဖစေပၚ ေစမည လပငနးေဆာငရြကမႈမားကကန႔သတထားျခငးစသညေလာခမႈနညးလမးမားအားအေကာငအထညေဖာသြားပါ မည။

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



ဆကစမစလပငနးေဆာငရြကမႈမားေၾကာင ထြကေပၚလာေသာ ဆညမႈႏင တနခါမႈမားမာ ယာယသာျဖစၿပး လပငနးေဆာငရြကသည ဆကမားႏင ကပလကပတဝနးကငမာ အကန႔အသတျဖငသာ သကေရာကမႈရေစမည ျဖစပါသည။ လေနပတဝနးကငမားႏင ရြာမားတြင အတနအသင သကေရာကမႈရမညကလြ၍ ဧရယာတစခလးတြင သကေရာကမႈနညးပါးမညဟခန႔မနးရပါသည။ဆညမႈထြကေပၚေစမႈမားေဖာထတႏငေစရနႏငေလာခမႈနညးလမးမားက အမနတကယ ထေရာကစြာ ေဖာထတႏငေစရန အတြက ဆညမႈက တငးတာ ေစာငၾကညသည အစအစဥတစခက သတမတေဖာထတထားၿပးျဖစပါသည။

၁.၅.၁.၃ ေရထ ဆကစမစလပငနးေဆာငရြကမႈမားမ အတြက ေရထအေပၚသကေရာကႏငသည အေၾကာငးမားမာ လပငနးခြင ျပငဆငတညေဆာကျခငး၊ Line Clearance ျပလပျခငး၊ ႏင လမးမားေဖာကလပျခငး၊ ေရသးစြျခငး၊ စကယႏရားမား သြားလာလႈပရားျခငး၊ စကကရယာမားႏင လပသားမား သြားလာလႈပရားၾကျခငး၊ အညစအေၾကးစမခန႔ခြမႈေဆာငရြက ျခငးတ႔ျဖစသည။ ျဖစေပၚလာမည သကေရာကမႈမားႏင ေဆာငရြကမည ေလာခေရးနညးလမးမားမာ ေအာကပါအတငး ျဖစၾကသည။

အဖတႏငအရညအညစအေၾကးမားေၾကာင ေရအရငးအျမစမားအား မေမာလငဘ ညစညမးေစရာမ ျဖစေပၚႏင ေခရသည သကေရာကမႈမားမာ အတနအသင သာရမညဟ တြကခကထားပါသည။ ေရႏငအညစအေၾကး စမခန႔ခြမႈအတြက သးသန႔အစအစဥတစခ ( ESHIA ၏ အပဒ ၈ ကၾကညပါ)က ထညသြငးေဆာငရြက သြားမည ျဖစၿပး စြန႔ပစအရညမားအား ေရအရငးအျမစမားထသ႔ စြန႔ပစျခငးအား ခြငျပမညမဟတပါ။

ေလာငစာဆမား၊ ေခာဆမားႏင ဓာတပစၥညးမားေၾကာင ညစညမးအဆပသငျခငးမားျဖစေပၚျခငးေၾကာင ျဖစေသာ သကေရာကမႈမား အတနအသင သာရပါမည။ သကေရာကမႈ ေလာချခငး နညးလမးမား အျဖစ ယာယေလာငစာသေလာငမႈမားကေသခာစြာစနစတကစညးကမးျဖငလပေဆာငေစမည၊လပငနးခြင အတြငးေလာငစာဆျပနလညျဖညတငးမႈကဖတစငမႈမျဖစေပၚေစရနလအပသညကရယာစကပစၥညးမား ျဖငေဆာငရြကေစမည၊မေတာတဆေလာငစာဆယဖတမႈျဖစေပၚျခငးမားတြငအေရးေပၚတ ႔ျပန ေဆာငရြကႏငရနအတြက လပငနးေဆာငရြကသမားအား ေလကငသငၾကားေပးထားမည။ ျမစေခာငးမား ေရစပမားတြင မညသည စကပစၥညးကမ ေဆးေၾကာသန႔စငျခငး မျပလပေစေအာင ကြပကသြားမည။

အရညမားလထြကျခငးေၾကာင ျဖစေပၚလာႏငသည သကေရာကမႈမားမာ နညးပါးမည ဟ ခန႔မနးပါသည။ လပေဆာငမည သကေရာကမႈေလာခေရးလပငနးစဥမားမာ _ (သဘာဝပတဝနးကငစမခန႔ခြမႈအစအစဥ အတြငး) ေရလမႈအား စမခန႔ခြမႈဗဟာ၊ Access point တစခခငးစအတြက တာဝနက ယာဥယႏရားသာရေန ေစရန ထနးခပထားျခငး၊ သစပငခပတမား ခတထြငျခငးအား အနညးဆးျဖစေစျခငး၊ လအပလင ေရေျမာငး မားက လမးလႊျခငး ၊ ႏနးကာမား ႏင ေရကာတာမားကသ႔ အတားအဆးမားျဖင အနညကမႈက ေလာချခငး ၊ ေရေျမာငးစနစမားအား ျပျပငထနးသမးျခငး၊ အႏရာယရသည ကာလမားတြင ႏနးေျမေပၚတြင လပရေသာ လပငနးေဆာငရြကမႈမားက ေရာငကဥေစျခငး Uphole မား တးျခငးေၾကာင ေနာကဆကတြျဖစေပၚလာေသာ ညစညမးမႈမား မရျခငးေသခာေအာင စစေဆးမည ေျမေအာကေရအရညအေသြး ႏင ေျမေအာကေရဘမေဗဒ ဆငရာ Survey မားက ေဆာငရြကျခငးတ႔က ေဆာငရြကသြားမညျဖစပါသည။

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



ေရအရငးအျမစမားတြင အနယကမႈမားျဖစေပၚျခငး၏ ထခကမႈမားမာ နညးပါးမည ဟခန႔မနးရပါသည။ သကေရာကမႈေလာခႏငေရးေဆာငရြကမႈမားအျဖစေရႏငအနးတစဝကေရစပေနရာမား ၊ အေပၚယေျမသားပါးလႊာေသာေျမေအာကေရေအာငးလႊာမားရႏငသညေနရာမားတြငစကယႏရားမားေမာငးႏငရမည အရနက ကန႔သတေလာချခငး စသညတ႔က အေကာငအထညေဖာေဆာငရြကမညျဖစပါသည။

လပငနးခြငေနရာျပငဆငတညေဆာကျခငးမားျပလပေနစဥႏင Survey ျပလပေနစဥအေတာအတြငး ေရအရငး အျမစမား အသးျပမႈေၾကာင ေလလာမညဧရယာအတြက သကေရာကမႈျဖစေပၚျခငးမာ နညးပါးမညဟခန႔မနးရပါသည။လပငနးခြငမားတြငေသာကေရသန႔ဘးမားကေထာကပပ႔ေဆာငေပးထားမည ျဖစပါသည။

Shot Holes မားတးေဖာေနစဥ၊ Shooting ႏင Recording လပငနးစဥမား ေဆာငရြကေနစဥအခနအတြငး ေျမေအာကေရအရညအေသြးႏငေျမေပၚႏငေလထအတြငးရေရဓာတမားအားညစညမးေစမည အလားအလာ မားမာ အတနအသင ရမညဟ ေလလာတြကဆထားပါသည။ အဆပါသကေရာကမႈမားက ေလာခႏငရန အတြက ေရစးသည တြငးေပါကမားအား သငေတာမည ရြ႕တးမားျဖင ပတဆ႔ျခငး၊ Charge လပျခငးက တနရသငရသာ ျဖစေစျခငး၊ Shot Hole ၏ အနကေပက ေဒသ၏ ဘမေဗဒႏငကကညေစမည အနကေပအထသာ တးေစျခငး၊ ဖတစငမႈမားျဖစေပၚပါက ဗနးမားျဖင ချခငး၊ ဆစပသညအရာဝတမားျဖင ဖတစငသညဆမား ကစပယေစျခငး၊ စမကနးဧရယာတစဝကတြင ႏနးတားမားကခထားေစျခငးျဖင ေရတြငးမားမ လကမႈမားအား အတားအဆးမားေလာခေပးႏငၿပး ဖတစငသည ေလာငစာမား အနညးငယခန႔သာပါဝငေအာငတားဆးႏငေစျခငးစသညနညးလမးမားကအေကာငအထညေဖာ ေဆာငရြကပါမည။

ေဒသတြငးအတငးအတာႏင အခနၾကာရညစြာေဆာငရြကမႈတ႔က ထညသြငးစဥးစားၾကညလင ( စြန႔ပစအရညမား၊ အညစအေၾကးမား၊ ေလာငစာမား၊ ဆမား၊ အစရသညတ႔ေၾကာင) ျဖစေပၚႏငသည ညစညမးမႈမားေၾကာင ေရခအရငးအျမစမား အေပၚ သကေရာကမႈ မားမာ အတနအသင ရမညဟတြကဆႏငပါသည။ ေရႏင ဆေရစနစမား အနယမား၊ ေရသးစြမႈမားက အတားအဆးျဖစေစေသာေၾကာင ေရခမားအေပၚ သကေရာကမႈမာ နညးပါးမည ဟ ခန႔မနးရပါသည။

၁.၅.၁.၄ ေျမဆလႊာႏင ေအာကေျမဆလႊာ ေျမဆလႊာႏင ေအာကေျမဆလႊာတ႔အား သကေရာကမႈျဖစေစႏငသည အေၾကာငးရငးမားမာ လပငနးခြငျပငဆင တညေဆာကျခငး၊ Line Clearance ျပလပျခငး၊ လမးမားေဖာကလပျခငး၊ Down-hole မားတးေဖာျခငး၊ စကယႏရားမား သြားလာလႈပရားျခငး၊ စကကရယာမားႏင လပသားမား သြားလာလႈပရားၾကျခငး၊ အညစအေၾကးစမခန႔ခြမႈေဆာငရြက ျခငးတ႔ျဖစသည။ ျဖစေပၚလာမည သကေရာကမႈမားႏင ေဆာငရြကမည ေလာခေရးနညးလမးမားမာ ေအာကပါအတငး ျဖစၾကသည။

ေျမဆလႊာက မေမာလငဘ ညစညမးေစျခငးမ ျဖစေပၚလာေစမည သကေရာကမႈမားမာ အတနအသင ရမည ဟ တြကဆရပါသည။ သကကြနကရစျပားမား၊ တစဆငခလာေရာကသယထတႏငမည သေလာငကနမား၊ ေလာငစာဆျပနလညျဖညတငးရသည ေနရာမားတြင လမးမားခငးေပးထားျခငး၊ စြန႔ပစအညစအေၾကး စမခန႔ခြ ျခငးအစအစဥအစရသည သကေရာကမႈေလာခေရးအစအစဥမားက အေကာငအထညေဖာသြားပါမည။

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



ေျမသားက အရညအေသြးေလာၾကေစျခငးႏင ေျမသားေျပာငးလမႈေၾကာင ျဖစေပၚႏငေသာ သကေရာကမႈမားမာနညးပါးမညဟခန႔မနးရပါသည။တကစားမႈျဖစေပၚႏငသညေျမသားမားကေရာငရားျခငး၊ မျဖစႏငပါက ေျမတငးစစဥမႈတြင ယငးေျမအမးအစားမားတြငေဆာငရြကမႈအား ေလာချခငး၊ မးသညးထနစြာရြာၿပးခနမးတြငေျမသားႀက႕ခငေအာငေထာကပသညပစၥညးကရယာမားက ယာယတပဆငအသးျပျခငး၊ယာဥအသြားအလာရေသာလမးေၾကာငးမားေပၚသ႔ယာဥမားတကေရာက ေမာငးႏငျခငးအား ကန႔သတျခငးတ႔က သကေရာကမႈေလာချခငးနညးလမးမားအျဖစအသးျပပါမည။ ေျမတကစားမႈႏင အနယကမႈ ထနးခပသည နညးလမးမားက အေကာငအထညေဖာအသးျပပါမည။

လပငနးခြငသးယာဥမားက အမားျပညသသြားလာသည ယာဥလမးေၾကာငးမားေပၚ တကေရာက ေမာငးႏငျခငး ကလးဝခြငျပမညမဟတဘ ယငးတ႔အတြက သတမတေပးထားသည အသးျပလမးမား၊ လပငနးခြငမား တြငသာရေစရန ထနးခပကန႔သတထားမည ျဖစေသာေၾကာင အမားျပညသလမးမား ယာဥေၾကာ ပတဆ႔မႈ အခကအချဖစေစမည သကေရာကမႈမား နညးပါးမည ဟခန႔မနးရပါသည။

ေျမသားထစားကကေျမမားတြင တကစားမႈျဖစေပၚျခငးေၾကာင ညစညမးျဖစေပၚေစႏငသညအလားအလာ မာ အတနအသင ျဖစမညဟခန႔မနးရသညမ လြ၍ ကနလပငနးခြငဧရယာတစခလးအေပၚ သကေရာကမႈမာ နညးပါးမည ဟ ခန႔မနးရပါသည။

၁.၅.၁.၅ ေဒသရငးအပငမားႏင သဘာဝေပါကပငမား ေဒသရငးအပငမားႏင သဘာဝေပါကပငမားအေပၚ သကေရာကမႈျဖစေစမည အေၾကာငးရငးမားမာ - လပငနးခြငျပငဆင တညေဆာကျခငး၊ Line Clearance ျပလပျခငး၊ လမးမားေဖာကလပျခငး၊ Down-hole မားတးေဖာျခငး၊ စကယႏရားမား သြားလာလႈပရားျခငး၊ စကကရယာမားႏင လပသားမား သြားလာလႈပရားၾကျခငး၊ အညစအေၾကးစမခန႔ခြမႈေဆာငရြက ျခငးတ႔ျဖစသည။ ျဖစေပၚလာမည သကေရာကမႈမားႏင ေဆာငရြကမည ေလာခေရးနညးလမးမားမာ ေအာကပါအတငး ျဖစၾကသည။

သဘာဝေပါကပငမားပကစးဆး႐ႈးျခငးေၾကာင ျဖစေပၚလာမည သကေရာကမႈမားမာ နညးပါးမည ဟခန႔မနးရပါသည။ (တကစားမႈျဖစႏငသညေျမသားပစမားတြင အတနအသင ရမညဟခန႔မနးရပါသည) ။ Survey Line မားတစေလာကႏင လပငနးခြငစခနးမားတ႔ တြင ေစာငၾကညေလလာေရးအစအစဥမား ျဖင ေဆာငရြကသြားမညျဖစသည။ (Biodiversity Action Plan ၈.၈.၃ တြငၾကညပါ) လပငနးခြငေဆာငရြကမႈမား မစတငမႏင ၿပးဆးသြားသညအခနမားတြင ေစာငၾကညေလလာသည အစအစဥမားကျပလပမညျဖစပါသည။ မးစတမားရေနမႈ ေပါကြယဝမႈႏင ပ႕ႏ႔ေပါကေရာကမႈဆငရာ ကြျပားျခားနားမႈ မတတမးတစခက စမကနးလႊမးမးမႈဧရယာအတြငးေဖာထတသတမတထားသည Sensitive အျဖစဆး စားကကေျမမားအတြက ေပးပ႔ထားေပးမညျဖစသည။ သဘာဝေပါကပငမား ျပနလညရငသနလာေစေရးအစအစဥမားကသဘာဝႏငအေရးႀကးစားကကေျမမားတြင ျပနလညအေကာငအထညေဖာေဆာငရြကေပးမညျဖစပါသည။

အျခားေပါကေရာကေနၾကအပငမားျပနလညစကပးမႈေၾကာင ျဖစေပၚလာႏငသည သကေရာကမႈမားမာ နညးပါးမည ဟခန႔မနးရပါသည။ (တကစားမႈျဖစႏငသညေျမသားပစမားတြင အတနအသင ရမညဟ ခန႔မနးရပါသည)ေဒသရငးမဟတသည အပငမးစတမားရေနမႈက သႏငမည ေစာငၾကညေရးအစအစဥက လပငနးခြငမစတငမႏင ၿပးဆးသညအခနအထအေကာငအထညေဖာေဆာငရြကသြားပါမည။

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



သကမအစတအပငးမား ေဂဟစနစအတြငးရေနျခငးေၾကာင အဆငေလာကမႈမ ျဖစေပၚလာေသာ သကေရာက မႈမာနညးပါးမညဟခန႔မနးရပါသည(တကစားမႈျဖစႏငသညေျမသားပစမားတြငအတနအသငရမညဟ ခန႔မနးရပါသည)။ေျမသားဆငရာလပငနးေဆာငရြကမႈမားကေလာချခငး၊ စားကကေျမမားႏင သငေလာသည သဘာဝေပါကပင ျပနလညစကပးမႈမားႏင ေျမသားအသြင အျပငအေနအထားဆငရာ ျပနလညပသြငးျခငး တ႔ျပလပျခငးအား သကေရာကမႈေလာခေရးနညးလမးမားအျဖစ အေကာငအထညေဖာ ေဆာငရြကသြားပါမည။ စမကနးလပငနးမား ေၾကာင ေဒသရငးအပငမားႏင သဘာဝေပါကပငမားအေပၚ ျဖစေပၚႏငသည သကေရာကမႈမားမာ တကစားမႈျဖစေပၚေစႏငသညေျမသားပစမားတြင အတနအသင ျဖစမညဟခန႔မနးရသညမ လြ၍ ကနလပငနးခြင ဧရယာတစခလးအေပၚ သကေရာကမႈမာ နညးပါးမည ဟ ခန႔မနးရပါသည။

၁.၅.၁.၆ ေဒသရငးတရစာၦနႏငအေလအထမား ေဒသရငးတရစာၦနႏငအေလအထမားအေပၚ ထေရာကသညအကးရလဒမားမာ- ေဆာကလပေရးလပငနးအတြက ယာယေျမေနရာယျခငး၊ ေျမေနရာရငးလငးျပငဆငျခငး၊ စကပစၥညးႏင ေလးလသညစကကရယာမားအသးချခငး၊ အႏရာယမားေသာကနၾကမးပစၥညးမားသမးဆညးသေလာငျခငး၊ ျပညတြငးစြန႔ပစပစၥညးထတလပျခငးႏငရငးလငးျခငး၊အလပသမားအငအားရေနျခငးတ႔ျဖစပါသည။ အကးရလဒႏငေလာေပါစမခကမားကေအာကတြငေဖာျပထားပါသည။

ေဂဟစနစအတြငးရသကမအစတအပငးေျပာငးလမႈအကးသကေရာကမႈမာ နညးပါးလာမညဟခန႔မနးထားပါသည

စးပြားေရးဆငရာခတဆကေျပာငးလသကေရာကမႈလညးနညးပါးလာမညဟခန႔မနးထားပါသည ယာဥတကႏႈနးျမငတကျခငးသကေရာကမႈလညးနညးပါးလာမညဟခန႔မနးထားပါသည

jေတာတြငးတရစာၦနမားအကးသကေရာကမႈေလာနညးေစရနညမးသးစြမႈေလာချခငး အေဆာက အဥမား သ႔ တရစာၦနမားဝငမလာႏငေအာငၿခခတထားျခငး ေစာငၾကညျခငးအစအစဥမ ေဒသတြငးတရစာၦနမားႏငေနထငရာ ေျပာငးလျခငးတ႔ကသရေစမညျဖစပါသည

ဤပေရာဂကေၾကာငနယေျမတစခလးရေဒသတြငးတရစာၦနမားသကေရာကမႈမာ နညးပါးလာဖြယရပါသည။

၁.၅.၁.၇ ဇဝမးစတကြျပားမႈႏင ေဂဟစနစဝနေဆာငမႈမား ေလလာေရးနယေျမအတြငးေတ႔ြရခေသာ တညေနရာေလးခအတြက ေဂဟစနစဝနေဆာငမႈသတမတျခငးက IPIECA ေဂဟနစဝနေဆာငလမးညႊနမႈ IPEAC 2011 မာေလာကထားေဆာငရြကခၿပးျဖစပါသည။

ထနညးလမးျဖငရာေဖြျခငးကနယေျမတစခခငးစတြငရေသာသယဇာတ၊ေဂဟစနစဝနေဆာငမႈလအပျခငး၊ေရနႏငဓာတေငြ႔မား ပမထတလပႏငေရးတ႔ကတးတကေစပါသည။

ပကစးမႈေလာခေရးလပငနးစဥမားက လမႈပတဝနးကင၊ဇဝေဗဒဆငရာ သ႔မဟတ သဘာဝပတဝနးကငဆငရာ အကးသကေရာကမႈ ခန႔မနးေျခအတညျပသတမတေပးထားပါသည။

၁.၅.၂ လမႈေရးဆငရာသကေရာကမႈမား အလားအလာရေသာလမႈေရးဆငရာသကေရာကမႈ မားကေအာကေဖာျပပါအေၾကာငးအရာပါ ပေရာဂကမားျဖင ဆကႏြယမႈရပါသည။

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



စးပြားေရးႏငအလပသမားငားရမးျခငး အေျခခအေဆာကအဥမားႏငျပညသ႔ဝနေဆာငမႈမား ေျမယာႏငသကေမြးဝမးေကာငးျပမႈ

အထကပါေဖာျပပါ အလားအလာရေသာသကေရာကမႈမားကေအာကပါအပဒမားတြငေဖာျပထားသကသ ႔

အခပပ ၃ ၏ဇယား ၂ ႏင ဇယား ၇ တ႔တြငအကဥးခပေဖာျပခၿပးျဖစပါသည

၁.၅.၂.၁ စးပြားေရးႏငအလပသမားငားရမးျခငး ပေရာဂကလပေဆာငမႈမားက ဆကစမစလႈပခတမႈအေျခအေနအတြငး ေဒသဆငရာႏငႏငငတြငးဆငရာ အလားအလာရေသာအျပသေဘာေဆာငသညသကေရာကမႈမား အလပသမားမားဖနတးေပးမႈႏင စးပြားေရး ဖြ႔ၿဖးတးတကမႈ ကနစညထတလပမႈမားက ေအာကပါအတငး ေကာကယ ႏငခပါသည။

အလပသမားငားရမးျခငးအကးသကေရာကမႈမား၊ eni Myanmarမလပငနးကတာဝနယရနကြငးဆငး ေလလာေသာကမၸဏႏငအထးစာခပခပဆျခငးျပရန အလပသမားအငအားစတြင ျပညတြငးမျမနမာ အလပသမားမားႏင ျပညပလပသားမားကပါ ထညသြငးစဥးစားေပးျခငးျပရနတ႔ပါဝငသည။ အလပအကငမား သြယဝကဖနတးေပးျခငးက ေဒသဆငရာႏင ႏငငေတာအဆင အေရးပါမႈအျဖစသတမတထားျခငး သြယဝကအလပသမားမားက ပေရာဂက အတြက ကနစညႏငဝနေဆာငမႈ ေထာကပေရးစမကနးမား တြငပါဝငေစျခငး စးပြားေရးဆငရာအကးသကေရာကမႈမားပေရာဂက သ႔မဟတ အမေထာငစမ အလပသမားမား၏သးေငြႏငဝငေငြစရတတြင တးတကမႈအကးျဖစထြနးေစရနျပညတြငးစးပြားေရးလပငနးစမ ရညရြယျခငး ပေရာဂကျပလပေနေသာနယေျမေဒသအတြငးရ တစဥးခငးစ၏ကယပငလပအားႏင အရညအခငးမား တးတကေစရနရညရြယျခငး ေအာကပါအတငးအတာတ႔က စးပြားေရးႏငအလပသမား ငားရမးျခငး၊မညသညတးတကမႈမာမဆျဖစေပၚလာႏငသညဆးကးမားကေလာခႏငေစရနစမေဖာေဆာငသြား ပါမည။

ျဖစႏငေခရသညေနရာတ႔မျပညတြငးကနစညႏငဝနေဆာငမႈအရငးအျမစမားရယျခငး-ႏငငေတာႏငျပညတြငးရ ကနစညဝယယမႈက ေကာငးသထကေကာငးမြနေအာငျပဌာနးခကမားေရးဆြ၍ဝယယျခငးဗဟာ

ဝနထမးသစမားစေဆာငးျခငးစမကနး-တနးတအခြငအေရးမားေပးျခငးႏငခြျခားဆကဆမႈမရျခငးက ဝနထမးသစစေဆာငးေရးစမကနးကအာမခပါသည။စာခပခပဆသမားအားလးသည ျပညတြငးဝနထမးငားရမးမႈလမးညႊနမႈမားအတငးလကနာေဆာငရြကရမည။အလပအကငေခၚစာမားတြငလစလပရာထးအတြကလအပေသာအရညအခငးႏငလပငနးအမား႔အၾက အလပသမားငားရမးျခငးစာခပအတြက သတမတကာလတ႔ကအျပညအစေဖာျပေပးရပါမည။ အလပေခၚယျခငးစမကနးအတြကသတငးအခကအလကရငးလငးတကျခငးႏငစျပေရြးခယမႈတ ႔က ပြငလငးျမငသာစြာ သရေစျခငး

ျပညသမား၏ေမာလငခကအားစမေဆာငရြကေပးျခငး- ဤပေရာဂကမ အလပသမားတစဥး၏ အလပခနႏငရပငခြငပမာဏက ရငးလငးစြာသျမငေစရနလ႔အဖ႔ြအစညး၏ ေမာလငခကမားအား တတႏင သေလာကျဖညဆညးေပးရနႏင ပေရာဂကနယေျမအတြငးပကစးဆး႐ႈးမားကေရာငၾကဥရန

ေဒသဆငရာလပငနးမားႏငစကပးေရးကာလမားတြငအလပသမားငားရမးေခၚယမႈကန႔သတႏငရန ေဒသဆငရာ အာဏာပငမားႏငမား႔ဆ၍ေဆြးေႏြးအတညျပႏငရနစစဥေပးျခငး

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



ဘ႔ြရၿပးေသာျပညတြငးအလပသမားမားကခန႔ထားေရးတတႏငသေလာကျပညတြငးကနစညမားႏငဝနေဆာငမႈမားက ဝယယေရး အခြငအလမးႏငအကးစးပြားျမႇငတငမႈလြယကေခာေမြ႔ေစရန ေဒသဆငရာအဖြ႔အစညးမ အျခားအဖြ႔အစညးမား ႏငျပလပေသာအႀကပေရာဂကကတငျပျခငး

ဤကမၸဏမားရလပသားအငအားေခၚယစေဆာငးေရးစာခပပါအခကအလကမားတြင ျပညတြငးအလပသမား ငားရမးျခငးအထးသျဖငအရညအခငးမျပညဝေသးသမားႏငလပသားအျပညအဝမေပးႏငသမားက အေလးထားေခၚယမႈမားပါဝငပါသည။

ပေရာဂကနယနမတအတြငးလပသားကန႔သတျခငးႏငအဖြ႔အစညးမားအတြငးမေဒသခမားျပနလနဆကသြယျခငးကခြငမျပပါ။ဆကစမစစာရငးေကာကယခကလပငနးစဥမားေၾကာငစးပြားေရးႏငအလပသမားငားရမးမႈဖြ႔စညးပ၏ သကေရာကမႈမားမာ Positive အေနႏငစဥးစားႏငပါသည။

ပေရာဂကဖြ႔ၿဖးတးတကမႈမျပညသမားသ႔အလပအကငသစမားရေအာငစြမးေဆာငေပးျခငး ကာလတျဖစေသာလညး အမား႔အၾကသစမားက ရေစႏငျခငးမား ျဖစေပၚေစပါသည။

၁.၅.၂.၂ အေျခခအေဆာကအဥႏငအမားျပညသဝနေဆာငမႈ ေအာကပါတ႔မာေဖာထတထားၿပးျဖစေသာ အလားအလာရသညသကေရာကမႈမားျဖစပါသည

အေျခခအေဆာကအဥထခကပကစးမႈႏငယာယပတဆ႔မႈ-စကပစၥညးမားႏငယာဥသြားလာမႈမား ကရယာတနဆာ ပလာ မား ႏငသတမားသေလာငျခငးေၾကာင ရလဒအေနျဖင လမးမမားေပၚတြင သြားလာရ ခကခေစပါသည။ ထရလဒေၾကာငကားတကမႈမားႏင လဥးေရထထပမႈက အေႏာငအယကျဖစေပၚေစျခငး လ႔အဖြ႔အစညး၏ ကနးမာ ေရးႏင ေကာငးကးခမးသာက ထခကျခငးမားျဖစေစပါသည။

အမားျပညသဝနေဆာငမႈႏငကရယာတနဆာပလာမားတးပြားလာမႈ- ေဒသခအေရာငးဆငမားမဝနေဆာငမႈႏင ကရယာတနဆာပလာမားကဝယယရပါမညေလလြငသတမားကစေဆာငးျခငး၊သမးဆညးျခငး၊ သငေတာေသာ ဗငကားမားႏငကြနတနနာမားေပၚသ႔ခြထတသယယျခငးမားျပလပရပါမည။

ကနးမာေရးေစာငေရာကမႈလပငနးမားေပၚတြငတြနအားေပးျခငး- မေကြးႏငမႏေလးတြငရေသာ ေဒသႏရ ကနးမာေရးေဆးခနးမားတြငပေရာဂကဝနထမးမားမဝနေဆာငမႈေပးေနေသာလညး အေျခစကစခနးမားတြင ကယပငေဆးဝါးဝနေဆာငမႈမားႏင ပေရာဂကအတြက ေဆးကသမႈအာ႐စကလပေဆာငႏငမည ဆရာဝနမား ငားရမးရနလအပပါသည။ထ႔ေၾကာငျပညသ႔ကနးမာေရးဝနေဆာငမႈေပးျခငးက အထးတလညစးရမစရာမလအပပါ။

ဆကစမစစစတမးအတြငးေဒသဆငရာအေျခခအေဆာကအဥမားေပၚတြငသကေရာကမႈေလာခရနေအာကပါနညးလမးမားျဖငေဆာငရြကသငပါသည။

ပေရာဂကတြငအမားသးအေျခခလပစစဓာတအားကအသးျပသြားမညမဟတပါလပစစစြမးအငက ဆကအတြငးမ ထတလပသြားမညျဖစပါသည။

ေလလြငမႈပမာဏကအနညးဆးျဖစေအာငစမသြားပါမည။ အမားဆးျပနလညသးစြျခငးျဖငေလလြငမႈပမာဏကကာမေအာင၊လစစစစြမးအားျပနးတးမႈမျပနလည

အသးျပႏင ေအာင ခြထတသြားပါမည။ ဖ႔ေျမမားတြငအနညကမႈနညးပါးေအာင၍ေလလြငမႈနညးပါးေအာငေလာခသြားပါမည။

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



ေဒသဆငရာစညးမဥးစညးကမးမားႏငအညပါဝငေသာေလလြငမႈမားအားလးက သတမတရငးလငးသြားပါမည။ စြန႔ပစပစၥညးရငးလငးေရးဆငရာအစအစဥအရ စြန႔ပစပစၥညးမားကရငးလငးရမည။

အလပသမားမားအတြက ကနးမာေရးေစာငေရာကမႈႏင အေျခခေရးဥးသနာျပစနညးက အလပခြငမာ သတမတျပ႒ာနးထားရမည။

လအပသညထကပလပရသညတာဝနမားဆလငအာဏာပငအဖြ႔ကအစရငခရမည။ၾကမးတမးၿပး အႏရာယရႏငေသာ လပငနးခြငမားတြင အေစာငအၾကပမားထားရေပးရမည။

အလငစလလပရေသာအခနတြင ေလးလေသာကရယာမားအား ေ႐ႊ႕ျခငးက ကန႔သတ/ေရာငၾကဥရမည။ တငၾကားခကမားကစစမးစစေဆးၿပးဆေလာမနကနစြာေျဖရငးေပးရမည။တငၾကားခကမားက

စာရငးျပစထားၿပး ဆကလကစစမးရမည။ ပေရာဂကတစခက ဖနတးရမယ အဆငျမႇငရမယ အခြငအလမးရႏငမယနညးလမးျပနရာရမယဆရင

လပငနးရငက သငေလာမညအစးရ႐းမားမခြငျပခကေတာငးေပးရမည။ လပငနးရငမားက သယယပ႔ေဆာငေရးကစၥမားကေလာခႏငဖ ႔ ေလကငေရးပ႐ဂရမမားက စညးကမးတက

ျပ႒ာနးရမည။ ကနထ႐ကတာ သ႔မဟတ ကမၸဏေၾကာငရရလာတ လမးအပကအစးမားက ျပနလညျပငဆငေပးရမည။ စခနးခဖ႔လမးအတြက ေျမေနရာမားကဝယရမည ဒါမမဟတ ငားရမည။ eni Myanmar ကယပငပဂၢလကလမးမားအေပၚ ယာဥအသြားအလာကကန႔သတထားမည။ ေပါကကြႏငေသာပစၥညးမားသေလာငေရးႏငပ ႔ေဆာငေရးကစၥမားတြငတပမေတာႏင ပးေပါငးေဆာင႐ြကရမည

ဆကစမစစစေဆးမႈေၾကာင အေျခခအေဆာကအအမားႏင အမားျပညသဝနေဆာငမႈမားအေပၚ ထေရာကသည အကးသကေရာကမႈက ေဒသတစခလးအတြက နညးပါးမညဟခန႔မနးရပါသည။

၁.၅.၂.၃ နယေျမႏငအသကေမြးမႈ ဆကစမစစစေဆးမႈလပေနစဥနယေျမရ႕တစခ႕ေသာအပငးမားအားအသးခၿပး ေျမဆလႊာဆး႐ႈးမႈမားျဖစေပၚလာသည။ခန႔မနးေျခရယထားတနယေျမအသးခမႈကယာယစခနးခအလပ၊ အရငးအျမစတညေနရာမားန႔ Down-hole Drilling တညေနရာမားန႔ဆကစပေနပါသည။ လအပသညပစၥညးမားက ကြငးျပငဒါမမဟတ စကပးေျမမားမာ ေနရာခထားရပါသည။ စကပစၥညးမားေနရာခထားသညေနရာမားတြင ေဒသတြငးစကပးမႈက ယာယရပတန႔ ထားရသည။

ေလာေပါစမခကအရ ႀကတငစစဥထားတအဆငအေနန႔ ၄ငးပေရာဂကက အသကေမြးဝမးေကာငးစပြားေရးက ျပနစစဥေပးရမည။

ဆကစမစစစေဆးမႈေၾကာင နယေျမႏငအသကေမြးမႈ အေပၚထေရာကသညအကးသကေရာကမႈက ေဒသတစခလး အတြက နညးပါးမည ဟခန႔မနးရပါသည။

၁.၅.၃ ယဥေကးမႈဆငရာထေရာကသညအကးသကေရာကမႈ ဆကစမစစစေဆးမႈမားေဆာင႐ြကေနစဥ လပေဆာငခကမားန႔အနးအနားမာရေနတ ေရးေဟာငးအသးအေဆာင ပစၥညးမားအေပၚ တက႐ကထေရာကသညအကးသကေရာကမႈ

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



အေပၚေျမဆလႊာန႔ေအာကေျမဆလႊာမားထးေဖာကရငးလငးေရးလပေဆာငမႈမားေၾကာင ယဥေကးမႈအေမြ အႏစမားကပကစးေစျခငး

ေပါကကြတနခါမႈေၾကာင ယဥေကးမႈအေမြအႏစမားပကစးဆး႐ႈးေပမယ စကမႈနညးႏင ယဥေၾကာပတဆ႔မႈ ကစၥရပမားေျဖရငးျခငးေၾကာငလညးပကစးႏငပါသည။

ေလာေပါစမခကအရေအာကေဖာျပပါေနရာမားမလေလာကတအကြာအေဝးမာေပါကကြမႈမားလပေဆာငသင ပါသည။လပငနးတစေလာကမကျမငစစေဆးမႈကစမခန႔ခြရပါမည။ အေရးႀကးတသပၸနညးကအခကအလကမားဒါမမဟတယဥေကးမႈတနဖးကခြျခားၿပးသမးထားရမယအရာမားအျဖစေရာငၾကဥရမည။ဆကစမစစစေဆးမႈမားလပေနစဥအေရးႀကးတရာေဖြမား႔ရမႈတစခမား႔လင ႏငငတကာႏငျပညတြငးစခနစႏႈနးအတငး နညးလမးေျပာငးၿပး လပငနးစဥ မားအား ျပနလညစမခန႔ခြရမည။

ဆကစမစစစေဆးမႈေၾကာင ယဥေကးမႈအေမြအႏစအေပၚထေရာကသညအကးသကေရာကမႈကေဒသတစခလး အတြက နညးပါးမည ဟရလဒထြကေပၚလာပါသည။

၁.၅.၄ ျမငႏငေသာအကးသကေရာကမႈမား ဆကစမစစစေဆးေနစဥတက႐ကျမငႏငေသာအကးသကေရာကမႈမားကနယေျမေလးမားအျဖစ ယာယကန႔သတ ထားၿပး ေအာကေဖာျပပါအခကမား ပါဝငပါသည။

ရငးလငးေရးလပငနးစဥမားေၾကာငျဖစေပၚေနသည႐ႈခငးေပာကကြယမႈဒါမမဟတ ႐ႈခငးမားေျပာငးလမႈမာ သဘာဝေပါကပငဆး႐ႈးမႈပါဝငေနျခငး

စခနးခေနရာမားႏငဆကႏြယၿပး ယာယအေဆာကအအမားကစတငေဆာင႐ြကျခငးမ ႐ႈခငး ေျပာငးလမႈ ကရရျခငး

ဆကစမစစစေဆးျခငႏငဆကစပေနသညစကမားႏငယာဥမားတညရျခငး မျပငးထနတအကးသကေရာကမႈတစခက ညဘကတြင စခနးခရာေနရာမားမမးထြနးေပးသညအတြက

ထေနရာ ပတဝနးကငတြငလၿခစတခရျခငး။

ေလာေပါေစေရးအစအစဥမားက ဆကစမစစစေဆးျခငးလပေနစဥအသးမဝငပါ။ မလနယေျမကျပနလည ေနရာချခငး သညသာ ငလငစစေဆးမႈလမးေၾကာငးႏင စခနးခရာေနရာမားတြငအသးဝငပါသည။

ေလာေပါစမခကမားအား လပစစစြမးရညေလာကေစဖ႔အတြကအသးခပါသည။

ဆကစမစစစေဆးမႈေၾကာင ႐ႈခငးမားအေပၚထေရာကသညအကးသကေရာကမႈက ေဒသတစခလးအတြက နညးပါးမည ဟရလဒထြကေပၚလာပါသည။

၁.၅.၅ ကနးမာေရးအကးသကေရာကမႈမား ဆကစမစစစေဆးစမမႈေဆာက႐ြကေနစဥရပကြကေဒသမား၏ကနးမာေရးႏငလမႈဖလေရးကစၥရပမားက ေအာကတြင ေဖာျပေပးထားပါသည။

ျပညပအလပသမားမားဆက ႏငငသားမားဆသ႔ ေရာဂါပ႕ႏ႔ကးစကျခငးတးပြားေနပါသည။ ငကဖားေရာဂါ အဆတနာေရာဂါ အနာႀကးေရာဂါ အသညးေရာငေရာဂါ ဝမးေလာေရာဂါ အသက႐လမးေၾကာငးဆငရာ ေရာဂါမားကးစကပ႕ပြားႏငပါသည။ျပညပအလပသမားမားရေနျခငးေၾကာငလငမႈတစဆငကးစကတတေသာ ေရာဂါမားလညးအျဖစမားႏငပါသည။

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



ကနးမာေရးေစာငေရာကမႈအတြကလအပသညပစၥညးမားေထာကပႏငရမည။ ဒလမားေထာကပႏငမ ေရာဂါျဖစပြားမႈႏႈနးကေလာကႏငမာျဖစပါသည။အလပသမားအငအားႏင ျပညတြငးလဥးေရ၏ ေရာဂါ အေနအထားေျပာငးလမႈေၾကာင ကနးမာေရးေစာငေရာကမႈပစၥညးမားက ဆကစမစစစေဆးေနရငးပင အသးျပႏငပါသည။

ဆကစမစစစေဆးျခငးကပတဝနးကငေျပာငးလမႈကျဖစေပၚေစပါသည။အထးသျဖငလႈပရားမႈ ေဆာင႐ြကေနသညပတဝနးကငတြင ေပါကကြမႈအသမားႏငတနခါမႈမားေၾကာင စတအေႏာငအယက ျဖစေစပါသည။ ေဖာကခြေရးပစၥညးမားေၾကာင ဖနမန႔မားႏင ေမာပနးႏြမးနယမႈမားျဖစေစၿပး ခဏတာ စတပငပနးမႈက ျဖစေစႏငပါသည။

ေဘးကငးေစဖ႔အတြကအကးသကေရာကမႈမာသယယပ႔ေဆာငေရးေၾကာငအကဆးဒငမား မၾကာခဏျဖစေပၚေစပါသည။

ဆကစမစတငးတာစစေဆးမႈလပေနစဥကနးမာေရးမထခကေစရနေအာကပါသကေရာကမႈေလာခေရးနညးလမးမားအား အသးခသငပါသည။

အလပသမားမား ထမငးမစားခင ေရမေသာကခင ေဆးလပမေသာကခငစေသာလပေဆာငမႈမားမစခင တစကယေရကနးမာသန႔ရငးေရးအတြကအေလအကငမား (လကေဆးျခငးစသညျဖင)လအပပါသည။

သတထားရမယကနးမာေရးစစေဆးလပေဆာငမႈမားႏငလပငနးခြငႏငအလပသမားမားၾကားအေရးပါသည ကနးမာေရးကထခကေစႏငသညကစၥရပမားကသတထားဆငျခငရမည။

ျပညတြငးေဒသမအလပသမားမားအားကနးမာေရးပညာေပးလပငနးမားလပေဆာငျခငးျဖင ေနထငမေကာငး ျဖစျခငးကဟန႔တားႏငရမည။

ေရာဂါကးစကႏငသညအေၾကာငးအရာမားႏင ကးစကတတေသာေရာဂါလကၡဏာမားအေၾကာငး အလပသမား မားကေသခာပညာေပးႏငရမည။

အလပအကငဆငရာကနးမာေရး ႏင ယာဥေမာငးျခငး၊ ယာဥေၾကာေဘးအႏရာယကငးရငးေရးမား အစရေသာ ေဘးအႏရာယကငးရငးေရးစမခန႔ခြမႈမားအတြက eni လပငနးလအပခကမားႏငအည မမဝနထမးမားသရႏငရန ကနထ႐ကတာမားအားေလကငသငၾကားျခငးႏင အသပညာေပးျခငးမားဖြ႔ၿဖးတးတကေအာငေဆာငရြကႏငရမည

လမႈအသငးအဝငးအတြကေဒသတြငးကနးမာေရးဝနေဆာငမႈမားအားဝနပေစျခငးမရေစဘ ဝနထမးႏငဝနထမးမသားစဝငတ႔၏ေန႔စဥလအပခကမားျပညမဖ႔ရာ လေလာကေသာကနးမာေရးဝနေဆာငမႈမားေပးရန ကနထ႐ကတာမားအား ေဆာငရြကေစရမည

လပထးလပနညးမေကနပမႈမားအား လငျမနစြာတ႔ျပနျခငးမားစတငေဆာငရြကရမည စမကနးလပေဆာငမႈမားစတငမသတမတလပငနးေဆာငရြကမႈမား၊

လပငနးေဆာငရြကမႈအခနမားႏငၾကာခနမားက အမားျပညသအားအသေပးအေၾကာငးၾကားကာ ကမၸဏႏင ကနထ႐ကတာမားအား အမားျပညသပါဝငလာေအာင ေဆာငရြကေစရမည

မေတာတဆမႈေဘးရနမားအားေလာခရန ပေရာဂကလပေဆာငမႈ (ပစၥညးမား၊စားေသာကကန ႏင အလပသမားသြားလာမႈမား) အားလးအတြက ပ႔ေဆာငဆကသြယေရး လမးေၾကာငးမားအား ကမၸဏႏင ကနထ႐ကတာမားအား တးတကေအာငေဆာငရြကေစရမည

ဆကစမစသးသပေလလာမႈေၾကာငျပညသ႔ကနးမာေရးအေပၚ ျဖစေပၚလာႏငသညသကေရာကမႈမားသည ေဒသတစခလးအတြကနညးပါး၍ ကးစကေရာဂါပ႕ပြားမႈမားလာႏငသညအလားအလာသည အတနအသငရသည။

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



၁.၆ တးပြားလာႏငေသာ သကေရာကမႈမား eni Myanmar သည RSF-5 လပကြကတစခလးတြင ဟကဒ႐ကာဗြနသးစြမႈလငစငကရရထားၿပး အျခားေသာ O&G လပေဆာငမႈမား လပကြကတစခတညးတြငေဆာငရြကျခငးမရပါ။ ထ႔အျပင ၄ငးဧရယာႏင ပတသက၍ ရရႏငေသာ အခကအလကမားအေပၚအေျခခကာ စမကနးႏငပတသက၍တးပြားလာႏငသည သကေရာကမႈ အလားအလာ ရလာႏငေသာ စကမႈလပငနးလပေဆာငမႈသကေသအေထာကအထားမားမရေပ။ ရာေဖြေလလာေရးက႑(ဆကစမစေလလာေရးႏငအစမးေလကငျခငးမား)သည O&G ဖြ႔ၿဖးမႈစကဝနးတြင ပထမဆးေျခလမးျဖစသည။သကေရာကမႈတးပြားလာႏငေျခနညးပါးေသာေရတႏငယာယေဆာငရြကမႈတစခ

ျဖစသည။စမကနး၏ေရ႕ေလာကလပေဆာငမညက႑မားအတြငး တးပြားလာႏငေသာ သကေရာကမႈမားအား အေသးစတ စစမးေလလာမညျဖစသည။

၁.၇ သဘာဝပတဝနးကငစမခန႔ခြမႈႏင ေစာငၾကညေလလာေရးစမထားမႈ သဘာဝပတဝနးကငစမခန႔ခြမႈႏငေစာငၾကညေလလာေရးအစအစဥ(EMMP)၏ရညရြယခကသည ေလလာမႈ နယပယ အတြငးရ အမးမးေသာထခကလြယသည Recptor မား၏ အေျခအေနႏငတးတကမႈမားအား ေလလာ ေစာငၾကညေရးအတြက အေျခခမေဘာငမားႏင လအပေသာလပေဆာငမႈမားကသတမတရနျဖစသည။ ESHIA မသတမတထားေသာ စမကနးသကေရာကမႈမားေလာခေရးေဆာငရြကမႈမား၏ေအာငျမငမႈအားတြကခကရန သတငးအခကအလက မားေပးစြမး႐သာမက သကဆငရာ ပတဝနးကငစႏႈနးမားအား လညးေလးစား လကနာမႈရေစသည။ အထးသျဖင EMMP ၏ရညရြယခကမားမာ- ေဒသအသးသးအတြကသဘာဝပတဝနးကငဆငရာေလလာေစာငၾကညေရးလအပခကမားအား

သကဆငရာႏငငေတာဥပေဒႏငအညသတမတႏငရန။ သကဆငရာeniစႏႈနးထားမားအားေလးစားမႈရမရေစာငၾကညေလလာရနႏငလအပလာႏငေသာလပငနးလညပ

တမႈဆငရာအေျပာငးအလမားအားလြယကေခာေမာေစရန အေထာကအကပစၥညးမားေပးစြမးရန ေရြးခယထားေသာစြမးေဆာငမႈညႊနးကနး(KPIs)မားအားအစရငခရနအလ႔ငာ သတမတခကေဘာငမားအား

ေလလာ ေစာငၾကညရန သဘာဝပတဝနးကငကာကြယေရးအတြက စတငၿပးေသာေလာခေရးေဆာငရြကမႈမား၏ ေအာငျမငမႈအား

တငးတာ ႏငရနအတြက ရလဒမားအားေစာငၾကညရနတ႔ျဖစသည။ ပဏာမ EMMP အားေအာကပါအခကတ႔ျဖင အၾကမးဖငးေဖာျပထားသည -

eni စႏႈနးထားမား(သဘာဝပတဝနးကင လမႈပတဝနးကငႏငကနးမာေရးသကေရာကမႈ စစေဆးတငးတာျခငး အစရငခစာအမတ ၁.၃.၁.၄၇)

သကဆငရာျမနမာႏငငေတာဥပေဒ ႏငငေတာဥပေဒတြငျပ႒ာနးထားျခငးမးမရခလင ႏငငတကာစႏႈနးထားမား

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



စမကနးသကေရာကမႈရေသာ သဘာဝပတဝနးကငေဒသအားလးအတြက ေစာငၾကညေလလာေရး လအပခကမားအား EMMP မ သတမတထားကာ ဖြ႔ၿဖးမႈဆငရာက႑အမးမးလပေဆာငေနစဥ အေတာအတြငး တက႐ကက၍ ထေရာကမႈရေသာေဆာငရြကမႈမားအတြက အေသးစတအခကအလကမားေပးထားသည။ ေယဘယ အားျဖင EMMP ၏ရညရြယခကမားမာ - သကဆငရာေဒသအတြငး နဂရရငးစြအေျပာငးအလမားအားအၾကမးဖငးခန႔မနးရန သကဆငရာေဒသအတြငး အေျပာငးအလမားအားႏႈငးယဥရန မတညေသာအေျခအေနမား(ဥပမာ- အႀကေလလာခကႏင ေနာကပငးေလလာခက) မားအၾကားႏႈငးယဥ၍

ေျပာငးလမႈအားသတျပမရန ပစမတထားအလႊာန႔ႏႈငးယဥေလလာရန လပေဆာငၿပးေသာေလာခေရးေဆာငရြကမႈမား၏ေအာငျမငမႈမားအားခငခနရန

EMMP တြငပါဝငေသာအစအစဥမားမာေအာကပါအတငးျဖစသည။

ဆညမႈစမခန႔ခြေရးအစအစဥမား ဇဝမးကြထနးသမးေစာငေရာကေရးအစအစဥမား စြန႔ပစပစၥညးစမခန႔ခြေရးအစအစဥမား ေရစမခန႔ခြေရးအစအစဥမား ယဥေကးမႈအေမြအႏစစမခန႔ခြေရးအစအစဥမားႏင အေရးေပၚအစအစဥမားျဖစသည။

၁.၈ ေဒသခမားအားေဆြးေႏြးျခငးႏင အသေပးျခငး အမားျပညသပါဝငမႈသည ESHIA လပငနးစဥတြင အဓကကေသာအခနးက႑ျဖစသည။ အမားျပညသပါဝငမႈ၏ ရညရြယခကသည အမားျပညအား ဆးျဖတခကခမတေရးျဖစစဥမားတြင ပါဝငႏငေစရန၊ ၄ငးတ႔၏အျမငမားအား ထတေဖာလာႏငေစရန၊ ျဖစစဥအေတာအတြငးထြကေပၚလာေသာစးရမမႈမားအား ေလာချခငးႏင ပညာရပဆငရာ ေျဖရငးနညးတ႔အားလႊမးမးႏငေစရနတ႔ျဖစသည။ အမားျပညသဟဆရာတြင လမႈအသငးအဝငးမား၊ ပဂၢလကပင စးပြားေရးလပငနးမား၊ လမႈအဖြ႔အစညးမား၊ ေဒသခအာဏာပငမား၊ အစးရမဟတေသာအဖြ႔အစညး(NGO) မား၊ မဒယာမား၊ ႏငငေတာအစးရ၊ေဒသတြငးအစးရႏင ျပညသလထမားပါဝငသည။ ၂ဝ၁၆ မတလတြင IEM သည RSF-5 အတြငးရ မေကြးခ႐ငမ မေကြးႏငၿမ႕သစၿမနယရ ေကးရြာ (၈) ရြာမ ရြာသရြာသား(၄ဝဝ) ခန႔ႏငမား႔ဆခသည။ျပညသလထပါဝငမႈတစရပအေနျဖင ေကးရြာသႀကးမားႏငကနးမာေရး ေစာငေရာကမႈေပးေနသမားႏငလညးမား႔ဆမႈမားျပလပခသည။ထ႔အျပငလမႈစးပြားႏငသဘာဝပတဝနးကငဆငရာပးတြအေျခခစစတမးမားေကာကစဥအတြငးရြာသရြာသားမား၊ လယသမားမားႏငလညး ႐းရာေဂဟစနစဆငရာမား ေတြ႔ဆေမးျမနးျခငး၊ စစတမးေကာကယျခငးမားျပလပခသည။ လမႈစးပြားစစတမးေမးခြနးမားမေမးခငအဆပါမား႔ဆပြတြငeniMyanmarအေနျဖငဆကစမစအခကအလကမားႏငရာေဖြေလလာေရးေဆာငရြကမႈမားလပေဆာငရနစစဥထားေၾကာငးရြာသားမားအားေျပာျပခသည။လမႈစးပြားေမးခြနးလႊာမား၏ရညရြယခကမာ ထေဒသအတြငးရ ေယဘယလမႈစးပြား အခကအလကမားအား စေဆာငးရနႏင

Myanmar


BLOCK RSF-5



eni Myanmar ၏စစဥထားရၿပးေသာ ဆကစမစရာေဖြေလလာေရး အစအစဥအေပၚ သေဘာထားႏငနားလညမႈမားရရရနျဖစသည။ လမႈစးပြားစစတမးအား အမေထာငစဇယား အခကအလကမားႏင သေဘာထားမားအား သရရန ေရးဆြထား ျခငး ျဖစသည။ သေဘာထားမားမာ -

အမေထာငစဇယားဖြ႔စညးပႏငလဥးေရးႏငအျခားေသာအခကအလကမား အမေထာငစ၏လေနမႈဘဝအဆငအတနး၊ အလပအကင၊ ဝငေငြ၊ လမႈေရးႏငစးပြားေရးအေျခအေနမား အမေထာငစႏငတစဥးခငးကနးမာေရး သဘာဝပတဝနးကငအခကအလကမားႏင သဘာဝပတဝနးကငအားလအသးခမႈ ေဆာကလပေရးလပစဥႏငေဆာကလပေရးၿပးေနာက စမကနး၏အနာဂတသကေရာကမႈမားျဖစသည။

Date post:	05-Feb-2018
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Myanmar ESHIA STUDY FOR THE EXPLORATION BLOCK RSF-5 - Eni · PDF fileMyanmar ESHIA STUDY for...

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