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80;13) wGif xdef;r&? zsufqD;wwfaomawm0uf\ûyrlyHkudkazmfjy&m

wGif toHk;ûyonf/ a&Smvk\c&pf,mefrsm;udkn§Of;qJjcif;onf tay:,H

taysmfoabmvkyfaqmifjcif;r[kwfonfrSm &Sif;aeayonf/ ¤if;rSm

11 12

wrifwumMuH&G,fNyD;? c&pf,mef,HkMunfjcif;udktjrpfjywfacsrIef;&ef

wpdkufrwfrwfvkyfaqmifjcif;jzpfonf/

a&Smvk\ajymif;vJjcif;udkazmfjyonfh usrf;csufoHk;ckudkzwfyg/

(wref 9;1-18/ 22;6-21 ESihf 26;12-19)/ þtawGUtêuHwGif

bk&m;ocif\u½kPmonf rnfuJhodkYyg0ifrI&Sdoenf;/ wpfenf;tm;

jzihf ocifbk&m;onf olYtay:jyoonfhaumif;jrwfjcif;udk a&Smvkonf

rnfrQxdkufwefrI&Sdoenf;/

vlYtjriftm;jzihfMunfhaomf a&Smvk\ajymif;vJjcif;onf jzpfEkdif

[efr&Sdacs/ (vltrsm;uvnf; ppcsif;Mum;csdefwGifr,HkMunfcJhMuacs/)

a&Smvkxdkufwefonfhwpfckwnf;aomt&mrSm jypf'Pfjzpfaomf

vnf;? xdkYtpm;bk&m;ocifonf þpdwfxufoefaom,k'vludk u½kPm

jyoawmfrlcJhonf/ odkY&mwGif a&Smvk\ajymif;vJjcif;onf tvdktavsmuf

r[kwf? tEdkiftxufûyjcif;r[kwfonfudk odxm;&efta&;BuD;onf/

a&Smvkonf bk&m;rJh0g'Dr[kwfcJhacs/ olonf bk&m;ocifudk

vGJrSm;pGmem;vnfygaomfvnf;? bmoma&;udkif;½dIif;olwpfOD;jzpfonf/

a,½Ionf aygvkudk ]]wkwfcRefudkajcESihfuefausmufvQifcufvSonf}}

(wref 26;14) [krdefYawmfrlcsufrSm 0dnmOfawmfonf a&Smvktm;

wkdufwGef;aeaMumif;jyoonf/ a&S;tcgu cRefxufaomwkwfcRefudk

v,frxGefcsifonfhEGm;rsm;tm;xdk;&eftoHk;ûyonf/ a&Smvkonf tcsdef

twefMum bk&m;ocif\xdk;qGjcif;udkqefYusifcJhonf/ odkYaomfjim;vnf;?

tqHk;wGif 'rmoufûrdUudkoGm;&mvrf;ü &Sifjyefxajrmufawmfrlaom

a,½IESihf tHhzG,fawGUqHkaomtcg? a&Smvkonf qufvufíwdkufcdkuf

jcif;rûyawmhacs/

oif\ajymif;vJjcif;tawGUtêuHudk jyefpOf;pm;Munfhyg/ aygvk

\tawGUtêuHuJhodkY Zmwfvrf;yrmjzpfaumif;jzpfayvdrfhrnf/ odkY&mwGif

rnfonfhtvm;wlenf;vrf;jzihf bk&m;ocif\u½kPmudk vufcH&&Sdol

jzpfcJhoenf;/ c&pfawmfü uREfkyfwdkYtm;ay;cJhNyD;aomt&mudk b,faom

tcgrQrarhavsmh&ef tb,faMumihfta&;BuD;oenf;/

t*Fg ZGef 27

'rmouf'rmouf

'rmouf'rmouf'rmouf

ûrûr

ûrûrûrdUüa&SmvkdUüa&Smvk

dUüa&SmvkdUüa&SmvkdUüa&Smvk

a&Smvkonf a,½IESihfyufyif;awGUqHkcsdefwGif rsufvHk;uef;um?

,k'trnf&Sdaomvlwpfa,muf\tdrfudkoGm;í tmeedtrnf&Sdaom

tjcm;vlwpfa,mufudkapmihf&ef ñTefMum;jcif;cH&onf/ a&Smvk\

udk,fum,rsufvHk;uef;jcif;onf a,½I\aemufvdkufrsm;udkn§Of;qJ&ef

ydkYaqmifay;onfh omíBuD;rm;aom0dnmOfa&;rsufpduef;jcif;udk jyif;xefpGm

owday;aomt&mjzpfonf/

'rmoufûrdUoGm;&mvrf;ay:wGif olYxHodkYa,½Iudk,fxif&Sm;jcif;

onf t&m&mudkajymif;vJcJhonf/ a&Smvkonf rdrdudk,fudkrSefonf[k

,lqaomae&mwGif olonf vHk;0rSm;aecJhonf/ bk&m;ociftwGuf

vkyfaqmifaernfhtpm;? udk,fawmfudkqefYusifbufûyaecJhonf/ a&Smvk

onf 'rmoufûrdUxJudk a,½k&SvifûrdUrSxGufcGmvmonfh b0ifjrihf

pdwftm;xufoefaomzm&d&SJuJhodkYr[kwfbJ topfaomvlwpfa,muf

taejzihf 0ifoGm;cJhonf/ pm;aomufrnhftpm;? a&Smvkonf 'rmouf

ûrdUüyxroHk;&ufudk jzpfysufcJhaomt&mtm;vHk;jyefoHk;oyf&if; tpma&Smif

jcif;ESihfqkawmif;jcif;jzihf ukefvGefapcJhonf/

wrefawmf 9;10-14 udkzwfyg/ tmeed\pdwfxJwGif rnfodkY

jzpfaernfudkpOf;pm;Munfhyg/ n§Of;qJola&Smvkonf ,ckwGifa,½Iudk

,HkMunfolwpfa,mufjzpfvmonfomru? olonf aygvkjzpfvmum

wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;xHodkY {0Ha*vdowif;udkaqmif,l&ef bk&m;ocif

a&G;cs,fawmfrlaomwrefawmfjzpfvmonf (wref 26;16-18 udk

zwfyg)/

13 14

tmeedonf tenf;i,fpdwf½IyfaxG;oGm;onfrSm tHhMop&mr&Sdacs/

tu,fí a,½k&SvifûrdUü&Sdaomtoif;awmfonf aygvkajymif;vJNyD;

oHk;ESpfMumonfhwdkif vufcH&efcsDwHkcswHkjzpfaeao;vQif (wref 9;26-

30)? ¤if;jzpf&yftNyD; &ufydkif;om&SdcsdefwGif 'rmoufûrdUrS,HkMunfolwdkY

\pdwfxJwGif rnfonfhar;cGef;rsm;ESihfpdk;&drfrIrsm;jzihfjynfhaernfudk odEkdif

ayonf/

wm½IûrdUom;a&Smvk\rarQmfvihfaomowif;udk ocifbk&m;onf

tmeedtm; ½lyg½Hkjzihfay;cJhonfudkvnf;owdûyyg/ ,k',HkMunfolwdkY\

&efolonf ,ckwGifolwdkY\vlwpfOD;jzpfvmonf[laomtrSefw&m;udk

olYtm;ajymjy&mwGif ½lyg½Hkjzihfajymjcif;onfomvQif tmeedudkvufcH

,HkMunfapEdkifayrnf/

a&Smvkonf c&pf,mef,HkMunfjcif;udktjrpfjzwfypf&ef

,Zfyka&m[dwftBuD;tuJrsm;\tmPmESihfay;tyfonfhwm0efwdkYESihftwl

a,½k&SvifûrdUrSxGufcGmvmcJhonf (wref 26;12)/ odkYaomfjim;vnf;

bk&m;ocifonf a&SmvktwGuf omíBuD;rm;aomwefcdk;yg&Sdonfh tjcm;

us,fjyefYaomwm0ef&Sdawmfrlonf/ a&Smvkonf {0Ha*vdowif;udk

wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;xHodkY a[mMum;&rnfjzpfum? þt&monf a&Smvk

\ajymif;vJjcif;xufyif tmeedESihf,k',HkMunfolwdkYtwGuf omí

tHhtm;oihfp&mjzpfaeygonf/

a&Smvkonf c&pf,mef,HkMunfjcif;ysHUESHYoGm;jcif;udkjzwfypf&ef

êud;pm;cJhaomae&mwGif ,ckrlbk&m;ocifonf ,k',HkMunfolrsm;vHk;0

rawG;xifxm;cJhonfh {0Ha*vdowif;ysHUESHYapjcif;twGuf olYudktoHk;ûyawmf

rlvdrfhrnf/

1&m 16;7/ róJ 7;1/ 1aum 4;5 wdkYudkzwfyg/ tjcm;

vlwdkY\0dnmOfa&;tawGUtêuHudk uREkfyfwdkY½IjrifyHkwGif tb,faMumihf

owdxm;&rnftaMumif;ESihfywfoufí þusrf;csufwdkY\owif;pum;

onftb,fenf;/ olwpfyg;udktuJjzwf&mwGif rnfonfhtrSm;rsm;udk

ûyvkyfcJhzl;oenf;/ NyD;aemuf xdktrSm;rsm;rS rnfonfht&mudkoif,lcJh

oenf;/

Ak'¨[l; ZGef 28

wpfyg;trsK d;om;rsm;xHod k Y{0Ha*vdys HUES H Y jcif;wpfyg;trsK d;om;rsm;xHod k Y{0Ha*vdys HUES H Y jcif;

wpfyg;trsK d;om;rsm;xHod k Y{0Ha*vdys HUES H Y jcif;wpfyg;trsK d;om;rsm;xHod k Y{0Ha*vdys HUES H Y jcif;wpfyg;trsK d;om;rsm;xHod k Y{0Ha*vdys HUES H Y jcif;

yxrqHk;aomwpfyg;trsKd;om;toif;awmfudk rnfonfhûrdUwGif

wnfaxmifoenf;/ rnfonfht&mu ,HkMunfolwdkYtm; xdkûrdUodkY

ajymif;a&TUapoenf;/ (wref 11;19-21?26)/ xdkt&monf "r®a[mif;

csdefu rnfonfhjzpf&yfudkowd&apoenf;/ ('Ha,v 2 udkzwfyg/)

oawzefaoqHk;NyD; a,½k&SvifûrdUwGifay:aygufvmaomn§Of;qJ

jcif;aMumihf rsm;pGmaom,k',HkMunfolwdkYtm; rdkifaygif; 300 a0;uGm

aom ajrmufbufü&SdonfhtEÅdtkwfûrdUodkY xGufajy;cJhMuonf/ a&mr

tkyfcsKyfrIatmufü&Sdaom qD;&D;,m;jynfe,f\ûrdUawmf tEÅdtkwfûrdUonf

a&mrûrdUESihftvufZE´&m;ûrdUwdkYNyD;aemuf 'kwd,tBuD;qHk;ûrdUjzpfonf/

¤if;ûrdUwGif vlOD;a&;ig;odef;cefYaexdkifum? vlrsKd;aygif;pHkaexdkifMuaom

aMumihf wpfyg;trsKd;om;toif;awmfwnfaxmif&eftwGufomru?

a&S;OD;toif;awmf\urÇmtESHYomoemvkyfief;pwif&ef XmecsKyftwGuf

taumif;qHk;ae&myifjzpfonf/

tEÅdtkwfûrdUu rnfonfhtjzpftysufaMumihf AmeAonf xdkûrdU

odkYvnfywf&efESihf tEÅdtkwfûrdUolYxHodkYaygvktm;zdwfac:&ef aemufydkif;

üqHk;jzwfcJhoenf;/ xdkûrdUu toif;awmfudkrnfuJhodkYaomyHk&dyfrsKd;jzihf

yHkazmfoenf;/ (wref 11;20-26)/

aygvk\toufwmudk ESpftpOftvdkufpD&efcufcJaomfvnf;?

olajymif;vJNyD; a,½k&SvifûrdUudkoGm;cJhonfhtcsdef (wref 9;26-30)

ESihf AmeAonf olYtm;tEÅdtkwfûrdUwGifvmaygif;&ef zdwfac:aomtcsdef

15 16

Mum;umvonf ig;ESpfcefYMumanmif;cJh[ef&Sdonf/ xdktawmtwGif;

aygvkbmvkyfcJhoenf;/ taotcsmajym&efcufcJonf/ odkY&mwGif *vmwd

1;21 rS olYrSwfcsufudktajccHaomf? olonf ½I&djynfESihfudvdudjynf

wdkYwGif {0Ha*vdowif;udka[maevdrfhrnf/ wcsKdUaomolwdkYtMuHûy

onfrSm xdktcsdeftawmtwGif; olYrdom;pkonf olYtm;tarGjzwfum

(zdvdyÜd 3;8/ 2aum 11;23-28) wGif olazmfjyonfhtcuftcJrsm;pGm

udk cHcJh&onf[líjzpfonf/ tEÅdtkwfûrdUü&Sdaomtoif;awmfonf oefY&Sif;

aom0dnmOfawmf\vrf;jyrIatmufwGif a0qmpGmyGifhvef;aecJhonf/

wrefawmf 13;1 wGifazmfjycsufonf vlrsKd;aygif;pHkaexdkifaom xdkûrdUü

&Sdaomtoif;awmfxJüyif vlrsKd;pktzHkzHkESihf,Ofaus;rItjzmjzm&SdaeaMumif;

a&mifjyef[yfvsuf&Sdonf/ (qdkufy&yfrSAmeA? uka&aejynfom;vkud?

udvdudjynfrSaygvk? tmz&durS½Iarmif? tjcm;ajymif;vJaomwpfyg;

trsKd;om;rsm;tm;vHk;udkvnf; xnfhpOf;pm;Munfhyg/) ,ckwGif 0dnmOf

awmfonf ½I&djynfESihf,k'jynfwdkYudkausmfvGefum omoemvkyfief;rsm;

omía0;a0;a&muf&SdEdkif&ef tEÅdtkwfûrdUudktajcûyí {0Ha*vdowif;

pum;onf omírsm;pGmaomwpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;xHa&muf&Sdap&ef

êud;yrf;awmfrlcJhonf/

wrefawmf 11;19-26 ukdjyefzwfyg/ ,Ofaus;rIESihfvlrsKd;pHk

jcm;em;uGJjym;pGm&Sdaeaom tEÅdtkwfûrdU&Sd toif;awmfü&Sdaomaumif;uGuf

rS ,aeYtoif;awmfrsm;twk,lEdkif&ef uREfkyfwdkYrnfonfht&moif,l

&&Sdoenf;/

Mumoyaw; ZGef 29

toif;awmftwGif;y#dyu©toif;awmftwGif;y#dyu©

toif;awmftwGif;y#dyu©toif;awmftwGif;y#dyu©toif;awmftwGif;y#dyu©

trSefyifvlom;onfrjynfhpHkyg/ a&S;OD;,HkMunfoltodkuft0ef;

xJwGif rMumrDtwGif;jyóempwifjzpfvmcJhonf/

toif;awmfxJpwif0ifcJholtm;vHk;onf a&S;OD;toif;awmfxJ

odkY ,HkMunfolwpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;0ifvmonfudk rESpfûrdUMuacs/

oabmxm;uGJvGJrIrSm wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;xHodkYomoemûyjcif;r[kwfbJ

rnfonfht&may:tajccHNyD; wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;udk toif;awmfxJ

0ifcGihfûyrnf[laomtcsufjzpfonf/ wcsKdUwdkYonf a,½Iudk,HkMunfjcif;

wpfckwnf;onf c&pf,mef\trSwfvu©Pmtjzpf owfrSwf&efrvHk

avmuf[kcH,lMuonf/ olwdkYu ,HkMunfjcif;udkta&zsm;vSD;jcif;ESihf

arma&Synwfrsm;udkvdkufavQmufjcif;wdkYjzihf jznfhpGuf&rnf[k jiif;qdk

Muonf/ ppfrSefaomc&pf,mefwpfOD;jzpf&ef wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;ta&

zsm;vSD;&efvdktyfonf[k tcdkiftrmqdkMuonf/ (ayw½kESihfaumfaevd

wdkY\jzpf&yfESihf ¤if;jzpf&yftay:wHkYjyefcsuftm;jzihf ,k'vlrsKd;rsm;ESihf

wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;Mum;u oif;uGJjcif;twkdif;twmudk (wrefawmf

10;1-11;18) uREfkyfwdkYawGUjrifEkdifonf/)

zdvdyÜd\&Srm&dvlrsKd;rsm;Mum; omoemûyjcif; (wref 8;14)

ESihf tEÅdtkwfûrdUu wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;ESihftwl omoemûyjcif; (wref

11;22) wdkYudkppfaq;&ef a,½k&SvifûrdUrS acgif;aqmifrsm;a&mufvm

jcif;onf c&pf,meftodkuft0ef;xJwGif ,k'vlrsKd;r[kwfaomolrsm;tm;

yg0ifapjcif;udpöwcsKdUudkñTefjyonf/ odkYaomfvnf; ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;

rcHaoma&mrppfom;aumfaevdtm; ayw½ka&ESpfjcif;ay;jcif;tay:

wHkYjyefrIonf a&S;OD;,HkMunfolrsm;Mum;wGif wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;udpö

ESihfywfoufí oabmxm;uGJvGJrI&SdaeaMumif; &Sif;vif;pGmazmfjyonf/

tcgtm;avsmfpGm aumfaevduJhodkYaomwpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;udk toif;

awmfxJ0ifapjcif;onf wcsKdUaomolwdkYudk uoduatmufjzpfapaomf

vnf; a,½Iudk,HkMunfjcif;wpfckwnf;tay:tajccHNyD; wpfyg;trsKd;om;

rsm;twGuf toif;awmfwHcg;rsm;udk us,fus,fzGihfxm;&ef aygvk\

&nf&G,fcsuf&Sd&Sdêud;yrf;rIaMumihf vlwcsKdUonf aygvk\omoemarS;rSdef

oGm;ap&ef wrif&nf&G,fêud;pm;vkyfaqmifMuonf/

17 18

F- 2

tEÅdtkwfûrdUrS wpfyg;trsKd;om;c&pf,mefrsm;ESihftwl aygvk\

omoemudk ,k'jynfrSvlwcsKdUwdkYuwdkufzsuf&ef rnfuJhodkYêud;pm;Mu

oenf;/ wrefawmf 15;1-5/

wrefawmf 15 wGifyg&Sdonfh a,½k&SvifûrdUtpnf;ta0;onf

ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;ESihfoufqdkifí aemufqHk;wGifaygvkbufüygaomfvnf;?

aygvk\omoemvkyfief;ukd qufvufNyD;wdkufcdkufcJhMuonf/ ckepfESpfcefY

vGefNyD;aemuf aygvkonf a,½k&SvifûrdUodkYa&mufvmcsdeftwGif;? rsm;pGm

aomolwdkYonf aygvk\{0Ha*vdudk oHo,&SdaeMuqJjzpfonf/ trSef

rSmaygvkonf AdrmefawmfodkYoGm;csdefwGif ]]þolum;? igwdkYtrsKd;ESihf

ynwfw&m;udkvnf;aumif;? þt&yfXmeudkvnf;aumif; cyfodrf;aom

t&mwdkYüqefYusifbufûyí vltaygif;wdkYtm; qHk;rMo0g'ay;aomol

jzpfyg\}} (wref 21;28/ 21;20?21) [k tm&SrSvmaomvlwcsKdU

[pfa<u;&m? aygvkonf toufqHk;½HI;vkrwwfjzpfcJhonf/

aygvk\oGefoifcsuftaMumif; pdk;&drfylyefaeMuaom þ,k'

,HkMunfolwdkY\ae&mwGif rdrdudk,fudkxm;Munfhyg/ tb,faMumihfolwdkY

\pdk;&drfrIESihfqefYusifjcif;wdkYonf wcsKdUwpf0uft"dyÜg,f&Sdoenf;/

uREfkyfwdkY\êudwifrSef;qonfht,ltqESifhwuG? ,Ofaus;rI (bmom

a&;) em;vnfoabmaygufrIonf uREfkyfwdkYtm;vrf;vTJapEkdifonf[l

aomtcsufrS rnfonfht&mudkoif,lEkdifrnfenf;/ uREfkyfwdkY\&nf&G,f

csufonf rnfrQyifaumif;ygap? tvm;wltrSm;rsKd;rS rdrdudk,fudk

umuG,f&ef rnfuJhodkYoif,lEkdifrnfenf;/

aomMum ZGef 30

xyfqif havhvm&efxyfqif havhvm&ef

xyfqif havhvm&efxyfqif havhvm&efxyfqif havhvm&ef

]]aygvktm; *sL;bmomudkpdwftm;xufoefpGmumuG,fol[lí

vnf;aumif;? a,½I\aemufvdkufrsm;udk rarmryef;n§Of;qJaomol

[lívnf;aumif; ,cifuodcJhMuonf/ &J&ifhNyD;trDStcdkuif;um? ZGJvHkYv

jzihf ol\tpGrf;rsm;ESihfuRrf;usifrIwdkYonf olYtm;t&mcyfodrf;eD;yg;udk

pGrf;aqmifEdkifaponf/ olonf tHhrcef;&Sif;vif;pGmqifjcifoHk;oyfEkdifpGrf;

&Sdum? ol\&ufpufonfhaxhvHk;aighvHk;rsm;onf ûydifbufudk&p&mr&Sdatmif

jzpfoGm;apEdkifonf/ ,ckwGifrl xl;xl;jcm;jcm;tvm;tvm&Sdonfh þ

vli,fonf ,cifu oln§Of;qJcJhaomolwdkYESihfaygif;pnf;um? a,½I\

emrjzihf taMumuft&GHUuif;rJhpGmw&m;a[maeonfudk ,k'vlwdkYjrifawGU

Mu&onf/

]]wdkufyGJwGif AdkvfcsKyftowfcH&jcif;onf olYppfwyftwGuf

qHk;½HI;rIBuD;jzpfaomfvnf; ol\aojcif;onf &efolwdkYtm; rnfonfh

aemufxyfcGeftm;rQray;pGrf;acs/ odkY&mwGif xifay:ausmfapmonfhvl

wpfOD; &efolYwyfESifhyl;aygif;aomtcg? ol\wm0efrsm;qHk;½HI;onfomru?

olyl;aygif;onfhwpfzufwyfonf wdusjywfom;onfhtusKd;&&Sdonf/

wm½IûrdUom;a&Smvkudk 'rmoufûrdUoGm;&mvrf;wGif ocifbk&m;onf

vG,fulpGmtaoowfEkdifonf/ xdktcgn§Of;qJaomtiftm;onf rsm;pGm

cGeftm;avsmhoGm;ayvdrfhrnf/ odkY&mwGif bk&m;ocif\apmifrrIjzihf a&Smvk

\toufudkcsrf;omay;onfomru? olYudkajymif;vJapum xdkodkYjzihf

&efolYbufrScsefyD,Hudk c&pfawmfbufodkYajymif;ay;awmfrlcJhonf/

pum;ajymaumif;NyD; rn§mrwma0zefwwfol? ravsmhaom&nf&G,fcsuf

ESihf raMumufwwfaom&JpGrf;owåd&Sdonfhaygvkonf a&S;OD;toif;awmf

wGifvdktyfonfh wu,fht&nftcsif;rsm;udkydkifqdkifcJhonf}} (AA, p. 124).

-0-

19 20


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21 22

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23 24

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25 26

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toHk;ûyoenf;/ *vmwd 1;6-9/ 5;12 udkzwfyg/

*vmwdvlwdkYudkjypfwifpGyfpGJ&mwGif aygvkonf wnfhwnfhyif

tjypfwifajymqdkonf/ ½dk;½dk;ajym&vQif olwdkYonf c&pf,meftjzpf

ac:awmfrljcif;udk opömazmufMuaMumif;olpGyfpGJonf/ trSefrSm tcef;

i,f (6) wGiftoHk;ûyonfh ]]cGmonf}} [laompum;vHk;udk ppfom;

rsm;onf ppfwyfudktNyD;pGefYcGmjcif;jzihf rdrdwdkYEdkifiHawmfudk opömazmuf

onfhjzpf&yfrsKd;wGiftoHk;ûyonf/ 0dnmOfa&;t&qdkaomf? *vmwdvlwdkY

onf bk&m;ocifudkausmcdkif;xGufcGmonf[k aygvkajymaeonf/

27 28

*vmwdvlwdkYonf bk&m;ocifudkrnfuJhodkYpGefYcGmMuoenf;/

tjcm;aom{0Ha*vdowif;odkYvSnfhoGm;jcif;jzpfonf/ aygvkonf

{0Ha*vdowif;wpfckru&Sdonf[k ajymaejcif;r[kwfbJ? tjcm;aom

{0Ha*vdwpfck&Sdaeonfhtvm; toif;awmfxJrSvlwcsKdUonf c&pfawmf

udk,HkMunfjcif;wpfckwnf;onf rvHkavmufyg (wref 15;1-5) [k

oGefoifaeolwdkYudkajymaejcif;jzpfonf/ þuJhodkY{0Ha*vdowif;udk

vdk&mqGJajymjcif;aMumihf aygvkonf vGefpGmpdwfraumif;jzpfum? tjcm;

aom{0Ha*vdowif;udka[maomolwpfpHkwpfOD;onf bk&m;ocif\usdef

jcif;udkcH&efyiftvdk&Sdaeonf (*vmwd 1;8)/ þtcsufonf aygvk

onf tvGefjywfom;um þtwdkif;ESpfcgwdwdajymqdkxm;onf

(*vmwd 1;9)/

,aeYuREfkyfwdkYtoif;awmfxJüyifvQif ,HkMunfcsufxufrdrdwdkY

tawGUtêuHudkta&;xm;onfrsm;&Sdaeonf/ bk&m;ocifESihfqufqHa&;

wGif rnfonfhtawGUtêuHonf ta&;tBuD;qHk;jzpfoenf;/ tawGU

têuHonf rnfrQyifta&;BuD;ygap? rnfonfhaygvk\a&;om;csuf

onf rSefuefaom,HkMunfcsuf\ta&;BuD;jcif;udk uREfkyfwdkYtm;oGefoif

oenf;/

Mumoyaw; Zlvdkif 6

aygvk{0Ha*vd\tprlvaygvk{0Ha*vd\tprlv

aygvk{0Ha*vd\tprlvaygvk{0Ha*vd\tprlvaygvk{0Ha*vd\tprlv

*vmwdûrdUrSjyóemaumifrsm;onf olwpfyg;\axmufcHrIudk

vdkcsifonfhtwGuf aygvkonf ol\{0Ha*vdowif;udka[monf[k

pGyfpGJMuonf/ aygvkonf vlom;\axmufcHrIudk êud;pm;&SmazG½Hkomjzpf

cJhvQif tjcm;rnfonfhenf;vrf;udkûycJhvdrfhrnfenf;/ *vmwd 1;6-9?

11-24 udkoHk;oyfyg/

tb,faMumihfaygvkonf ajymif;vJaomwpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;udk

ta&zsm;vSD;&efrawmif;qdkoenf;/ aygvkudkqefYusifolrsm;u aygvk

onf rnfonfhenf;ESihfrqdk ajymif;vJjcif;udktvdk&Sdonf[k pGyfpGJMu

onf/ wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYonf ta&zsm;rvSD;&efawmif;qdkrnfudk

aygvkodaecJhaomaMumihf olwdkYudkta&zsm;vDS;&efrawmif;qdkjcif;jzpfonf

[k olwdkYawG;xifcJhMuonf/ aygvkonf vlYtêudufvdkufol[k pGyfpGJ

Muonf/ þpGyfpGJcsufrsm;udkwHkYjyef&mwGif tcef;i,f 8 ESihf 9 wGif

ola&;om;ouJhodkY olYûydifbufrsm;udk jyif;xefaompum;rsm;jzihf

jyefvnfwdkufcdkufonf/ tu,fíolonf vlwdkY\axmufcHrIudkom

vdkcsifcJhaomf tjcm;enf;vrf;jzihfjyefajzqdkrnfrSmtrSefyifjzpfonf/

vlYtvdkudkvdkuf&efêud;pm;aqmif&GufaepOf c&pfawmf\

aemufvdkufrjzpfEkdif[k tb,faMumihfaygvkajymoenf;/

rdrd\{0Ha*vdowif;\tcGihftmPmonf bk&m;ocifxHawmf

rS wdkuf½dkuf&&Sdonf[k tcef;i,f 11 ESihf 12 wGifazmfjyNyD;aemuf

tcef;i,f 13-24 wGif rdrd\qdkvdk&if;udk rnfuJhodkYazmfjyoenf;/

tcef;i,f 13-24 wGif aygvk\rajymif;vJrD (tcef;i,f

13?14)? ajymif;vJcsdef (tcef;i,f 15?16) ESihfajymif;vJNyD; (tcef;i,f

16-24) tajctaersm;udk a&;om;azmfjyonf/ aygvku ta&zsm;

vSD;jcif;ESihfoufqdkifaomowif;wpfckcsif;pDonf wpfpHkwpfOD;xHrS&&Sdonfh

{0Ha*vdvHk;0rjzpfEkdifbJ? bk&m;ocifxHrSvmaom {0Ha*vdowif;jzpf

aMumif; tcdkiftrmqdkxm;onf/ aygvkonf vufydkufxdkifum? rdrd

tm;ac:awmfrljcif;udk ar;cGef;xkwfjcif;tm;jzihf wpfpHkwpfOD;u ol\

owif;pum;udk csKd;ESdrfjcif;rsKd;cGihfrûycJhacs/

c&pfawmfü rdrdtm;ac:awmfrljcif;onf rnfrQaocsmrI&Sdoenf;/

trIaqmif&ef bk&m;ocifac:awmfrlonfht&mtwGuf aocsmpGm

rnfuJhodkYoifodEkdifrnfenf;/ wpfcsdefwnf;wGif oifhtm;ac:awmfrljcif;

29 30

udkaocsmpGmodaomfvnf;? tjcm;olwdkY\tMuHÚmPfudkem;axmif&ef

tb,faMumihfoif,l&rnfenf;/

aomMum Zlvdkif 7



]]toif;awmftm;vHk;eD;yg;wGif Zmpfjrpftm;jzihf ,k'vljzpfaom

toif;ol om;wcsKdU&SdMuonf/ xdkajymif;vJvmaomolrsm;udkcsOf;uyf

&ef ,k'q&mwdkYonf tqifoifhjzpfaeMuum? olwdkYtm;jzihf toif;

awmfrsm;xJwGifajcukyfae&m,lMuonf/ or®musrf;pmtaxmuftxm;

rsm;t&? aygvk\oGefoifcsufrsm;udkûzwfcs&ef rjzpfEkdifacs/ xdktaMumif;

aMumihf olYMoZmvTrf;rdk;rIudkacszsuf&efESihf olYtcGihftmPmudkqkwf,kwf

ap&ef or®musrf;pmrSr[kwfonfhpDrHcsufrsm;udk tm;xm;Muonf/

olonf a,½I\wynfhawmfrjzpfcJh[lívnf;aumif;? udk,fawmf\apcdkif;

onfhwm0efudkvnf; r&&SdcJh[lívnf;aumif; odkYaomfvnf; olonf

ayw½k? ,mukyfESihftjcm;aomwrefawmfrsm;udk wdkuf½dkufqefYusifí

,HkMunfcsufrsm;udkoGefoif0Hhonf[k olwdkYxkwfazmfajymMum;Muonf/

]]toif;awmfrsm;udkvsifjrefpGmzsufqD;&ef jcdrf;ajcmufaeaom

raumif;rIrsm;udk oljrifaomtcg aygvk\pdwfESvHk;arTaESmufaponf/

csufcsif;yif*vmwdvlwdkYudkpma&;um? olwdkY\rSm;,Gif;aomtqdkrsm;udk

xkwfazmfNyD; ,HkMunfjcif;rSxGufcGmoGm;olwdkYtm; jyif;xefpGmtjypfwif

cJhonf}} (E. G. White, Sketches From the Life of Paul, pp. 188,189).

-0-


{0Ha*vdw&m;\pkpnf;rI{0Ha*vdw&m;\pkpnf;rI{0Ha*vdw&m;\pkpnf;rI{0Ha*vdw&m;\pkpnf;rI{0Ha*vdw&m;\pkpnf;rI


OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif; Zlvdkif 8Zlvdkif 8Zlvdkif 8Zlvdkif 8Zlvdkif 8


zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 2;1-14/ 1aum 1;10-13/ urÇm

17;1-21/ a,m[ef 8;31-36/ aumavmoJ 3;11/



]]]]

]]]]]]oifwdkYonftcsif;csif;cspfMuí? pdwfruGJjym;bJ? wpfvHk;oifwdkYonftcsif;csif;cspfMuí? pdwfruGJjym;bJ? wpfvHk;

oifwdkYonftcsif;csif;cspfMuí? pdwfruGJjym;bJ? wpfvHk;oifwdkYonftcsif;csif;cspfMuí? pdwfruGJjym;bJ? wpfvHk;oifwdkYonftcsif;csif;cspfMuí? pdwfruGJjym;bJ? wpfvHk;

wpf0wnf;Mwpf0wnf;M

wpf0wnf;Mwpf0wnf;Mwpf0wnf;M

uu

uuuHpnfjcif;ESih fwuG oabmwnDwñGwfwnf;&SdaomHpnfjcif;ESih fwuG oabmwnDwñGwfwnf;&Sdaom

Hpnfjcif;ESih fwuG oabmwnDwñGwfwnf;&SdaomHpnfjcif;ESih fwuG oabmwnDwñGwfwnf;&SdaomHpnfjcif;ESih fwuG oabmwnDwñGwfwnf;&Sdaom

tm;jzihf ig0rf;ajrmufp&mtaMumif;udk pHkvifapMuavmhtm;jzihf ig0rf;ajrmufp&mtaMumif;udk pHkvifapMuavmh

tm;jzihf ig0rf;ajrmufp&mtaMumif;udk pHkvifapMuavmhtm;jzihf ig0rf;ajrmufp&mtaMumif;udk pHkvifapMuavmhtm;jzihf ig0rf;ajrmufp&mtaMumif;udk pHkvifapMuavmh

}}}}

}}}}}} (zdvdyÜd (zdvdyÜd

(zdvdyÜd (zdvdyÜd (zdvdyÜd

2;2)/2;2)/

2;2)/2;2)/2;2)/

bmoma&;ûyjyifajymif;vJa&;orm; *RefcJvfAif;onf toif;awmf

udkwdkufcdkuf&ef rm&fewf\t"duvufeufrSm rnDñGwfrIESihfuGJjym;

jcif;jzpfonf[k,HkMunfum? *kdPf;uGJrIudk uyfqdk;uJhodkYa&SmifMuOf&ef

c&pf,mefwdkYtm;owday;cJhonf/

odkYaomf pnf;vHk;jcif;twGuf or®mw&m;udkay;qyf&rnfavm/

tu,fí bmoma&;ûyjyifajymif;vJjcif;\zcif rmwifvlomonf Worm

ûrdUtpnf;ta0;ü olYudkppfaq;pOfwGif ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfomu,fwif

jcif;&onf[laomtjrifudkpGefYvTwfum pnf;vHk;jcif;udka&G;cs,frnfhtjzpf

rsKd;udkawG;Munfhyg/

]]tu,fí ûyjyifajymif;vJol (rmwifvlom) onf tcsuf

wpfckwGiftavQmhay;cJhvQif pmwefESihfol\taygif;tygwdkYonf atmifEkdif

cJhMuvdrfhrnf/ odkY&mwGif ol\r,drf;,dkifaomjrJjrHjcif;onf toif;awmf

31 32

udkvGwfajrmufapum? omíaumif;aomacwfopfudk tpûyEkdifcJhonf}}

(GC, p. 166).

*vmwd 2;1-14 wGif? wrefawmftodkuft0ef;Mum; pnf;vHk;

rIudkzsufqD;&efêud;pm;ol ,HkMunfolwcsKdU\&efrS xdkpnf;vHk;rIudk

xdef;odrf;&ef wrefawmfaygvkonf tpGrf;ukefêud;pm;onfudkawGU&onf/

odkY&mwGif aygvktwGufpnf;vHk;jcif;onf ta&;BuD;ygaomfvnf;?

pnf;vHk;jcif;udk&,l&ef {0Ha*vdor®mw&m;udktay;t,lvkyfNyD;avQmhay;

&ef jiif;qefcJhonf/ pnf;vHk;jcif;twGif;xJü uGJjym;rI&SdaeEkdifaomfvnf;?

¤if;pnf;vHk;rI&&Sd&efvkyfaqmifrIwGif {0Ha*vdudkb,faomtcgrQtay;

t,lrûyvkyfcJhacs/


pnf;vH k;rIta&;BuD;jcif;pnf;vH k;rIta&;BuD;jcif;

pnf;vH k;rIta&;BuD;jcif;pnf;vH k;rIta&;BuD;jcif;pnf;vH k;rIta&;BuD;jcif;

1aum 1;10-13 udkzwfyg/ toif;awmfxJüpnf;vHk;jcif;onf

rnfrQta&;BuD;onf[kaygvk,HkMunfaMumif; þusrf;ydk'fonf rnfuJhodkY

azmfjyoenf;/

rdrd\{0Ha*vdonf bk&m;ay;owif;pum;r[kwf[laom pGyfpGJ

csufudkacsyNyD;aemuf? aygvkonf *vmwd 2;1?2 wGif tjcm;aom

pGyfpGJcsufbufodkY OD;wnfoGm;jyefonf/ *vmwdûrdUü&Sdaom rSm;,Gif;

aomq&mrsm;onf aygvk\{0Ha*vdowif;rSm ayw½kESihftjcm;aom

wrefawmfwdkY\oGefoifcsufESihfudkufnDjcif;r&Sd[k pGyfpGJMujyefonf/

olwdkYu aygvkonf aoGznfol[kajymaeMuonf/

þpGyfpGJrIudkwHkYjyef&mwGif aygvkonf olajymif;vJNyD;aemuf

tenf;qHk;wpfq,fhav;ESpfMumrS a,½k&SvifûrdUodkYc&D;pOfudk jyefajymjy

onf/ rnfonfhtcsdefuc&D;xGufcJhonfudk uREfkyfwdkYtwdtusrod

aomfvnf;? a&S;,cifuc&D;oGm;jcif;onf rvG,fulvSacs/ tu,fí

olonf tEÅdtkwfûrdUrSa,½k&SvifûrdUodkY ukef;vrf;jzihfoGm;cJhaomf? rdkifoHk;&m

c&D;twGuf tenf;qHk;oHk;ywfMumrnfjzpfum trsKd;pHkaomtcuftcJ

rsm;ESihftEÅ&m,frsm; êuHawGU&rnfjzpfonf/ odkYaomfjim;vnf;? ¤if;tcuf

tcJrsm;&Sdaevihfupm;? aygvkonf c&D;xGufcJhonf/ odkYaomf wrefawmf

wdkYonf olYtm;qifhac:jcif;aMumihfr[kwfbJ? 0dnmOfawmfonfqifhac:

awmfrlaomaMumihfjzpfonf/ a,½k&SvifûrdUwGif&SdaepOftwGif; ol\

{0Ha*vdowif;udk wrefawmfrsm;a½SUwGifcsjycJhonf/

tb,faMumihfxdkodkYûyvkyfoenf;/ oloGefoifonfhtaMumif;

t&mudk oloHo,&Sdaejcif;aMumihfr[kwfonfrSmaocsmonf/ wrefawmf

wdkY\wpfzeftmrcHcsufay;jcif;rsKd;udkvnf; olrvdktyfcJhacs/ trSefrSm

olonf þ{0Ha*vdowif;udkyif wpfq,fhav;ESpfywfvHk;a[majymae

cJhayonf/ aygvkonf wrefawmfwdkY\cGihfûycsuf (odkYr[kwf) axmufcH

csufudkrvdktyfcJhaomfvnf;? olwdkY\axmufyHhrIESihftm;ay;rIudk tvGef

wefzdk;xm;cJhayonf/

xdkaMumihf ol\owif;pum;onf jcm;em;onf[laompGyfpGJ

csufrSm aygvkudkwdkufcdkufjcif;omru? wrefawmfrsm;\pnf;vHk;rIESihf

toif;awmfudkwdkufcdkufaejcif;yifjzpfonf/ wrefawmfrsm;tMum; pnf;vHk;

jcif;onf ta&;BuD;onf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf aygvk\wpfyg;vlrsKd;

rsm;xHomoemûyjcif;ESihf a,½k&SvifûrdU&Sdrdciftoif;awmfMum; uGJjym;

jcm;em;jcif;onf qdk;0g;aomtusKd;quf&Sdvmrnfjzpfonf/ wpfyg;

trsKd;om;rsm;ESihf,k'c&pf,mefrsm;tMum; rdo[m,zGJUjcif;r&SdcJhaomf

]]c&pfawmfudkuGJaprnfjzpfum? wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYtm; {0Ha*vda[m

ajym&ef aygvk\ay;tyfjr§KyfEHSaompGrf;tm;? arQmfvihfcsufwdkYonf ysufjym;

Muayvdrfhrnf}} (F. F. Bruce, The Epistle to the Galations, p. 111).

,aeYtoif;awmfpnf;vHk;jcif;udk Ncdrf;ajcmufaomjyóemtcsKdU

rSmtb,fenf;/ ¤if;wdkYudkt"dyÜg,fazmfNyD;aemuf omíta&;BuD;onfrSm

33 34

F- 3

¤if;jyóemwdkYudk rnfuJhodkYudkifwG,foenf;/ pnf;vHk;jcif;xufomí

ta&;BuD;aomta&;rsm;rSmtb,fenf;/

wevFm Zlvdkif 10

ta&zsm;vS D;jcif;ESih fr Sm;,Gif;aomnDud krsm;ta&zsm;vS D;jcif;ESih fr Sm;,Gif;aomnDud krsm;

ta&zsm;vS D;jcif;ESih fr Sm;,Gif;aomnDud krsm;ta&zsm;vS D;jcif;ESih fr Sm;,Gif;aomnDud krsm;ta&zsm;vS D;jcif;ESih fr Sm;,Gif;aomnDud krsm;

tb,faMumihfta&zsm;vSD;jcif;onf aygvkESihf,k'c&pf,mef

wcsKdUtMum; t"dutjiif;yGm;p&mjzpfoenf;/ urÇm 17;1-22/ *vmwd

2;3-5/ 5;2?6/ wref 15;1?5 wdkYudkzwfyg/ wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYyif

vQif ta&;zsm;vSD;&efvdktyfonf[k wcsKdUaomolwdkYonf,HkMunfMu

onfrSm tb,faMumihfem;vnfay;&efrcufcJoenf;/

ta&zsm;vDS;jcif;onf ,k'vlrsKd;wdkY\zciftmjA[HESihf bk&m;ocif

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onf/ ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;onf tmjA[H\om;pOfajr;qufa,musfm;av;

rsm;twGufomjzpfaomfvnf;? bk&m;ocifESihftwl uwdu0wfûyaom

qufqHa&;&Sd&ef vlwkdif;zdwfac:jcif;cH&Muonf/ ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;trSwf

vu©Pmudk urÇmOD;usrf; 17 wGif tmjA[Htm;ay;cJhonf/ þt&m

rSm om;a,musfm;ay;&ef[laom bk&m;ocif\uwdawmfudkjynfhpHkap&ef

olYr,m;\tD*spfvlrsKd;tapcHrESihfuav;&,l&ef tmjA[H\êud;pm;rI

jzpf&yfaemufydkif;rSomjzpfvmcJhonf/

ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;onf y#dnmOf\tHudkuftrSwftom;jzpfonf/

¤if;rSm vlom;pD&ifaomtaumif;qHk;tMuHtpnfrSm bk&m;ocifuwd

xm;awmfrlonfht&mudkjynfhpHkap&ef b,faomtcgrQrpGrf;Edkifonfudk

owday;aomt&mjzpfonf/ tjyifyef;ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;onf pdwfESvHk;

ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;\trSwftom;jzpfonf/ (w&m;a[m 10;16/ 30;6/

a,&rd 4;4/ a&mr 2;29/) ¤if;onf rdrdudk,fudk,HkMunfudk;pm;jcif;

udkcGmcsjcif;ESihf xdkYtpm;bk&m;ociftay: opöm&SdpGmrSDcdkjcif;wdkYudk

yHkaqmifonf/

odkYjim;aomfvnf; aygvktcsdefwGif ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;onf rlv

azmfjyonfh&nf&G,fcsufr[kwfbJ vlrsKd;a&;ESihfbmoma&;trSwfvu©Pm

jzpfvmcJhonf/ a,½IrarG;zGm;rD ESpfaygif;wpf&mhig;q,fcefYu tvGef

tuRHvlrsKd;cspfolwdkYonf ygavwdejynf&Sd ta&zsm;rvDS;aom,k'vl

wdkYtm; twif;t"r®ta&;zsm;vSD;cdkif;onfomru? olwdkY\Oya'ESifh

vufvSrf;rDaomywf0ef;usifrSa,musfm;tm;vHk;udkvnf; twif;t"r®

enf;jzihf ta&zsm;vSD;apcJhMuonf/ vlwcsKdUu ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;onf

aumif;uifEkdifiHodkYoGm;&ef EkdifiHul;vufrSwf[líyif ,HkMunfMuonf/

þ,HkMunfcsufudk a&S;uAsmpmwdkwdkYwGif atmufygtwdkif;,HkMunfpGm

a<u;aMumfonfrSm ]]ta&zsm;vSD;aoma,musfm;rsm;onf i&JjynfodkY

rqif;oGm;Muyg}} [líjzpfonf/ (C. E. B. Cranfield, A Critical and

Exegetical Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans, p. 172).

aygvkonf ta&zsm;vDS;jcif;udkoufoufqefYusifonf[k,lq

cJhaomf rSm;aeygvdrfhrnf/ aygvkqefYusifonfht&mrSm wpfyg;trsKd;om;

rsm;tm; ta&zsm;vSD;&ef tjyif;txefawmif;qdkjcif;aMumihfjzpfonf/

rSm;,Gif;aomq&mwdkYu ]]oifwdkYonf arma&S\w&m;twdkif; ta&zsm;

vDS;jcif;udkrcHvQif? u,fwifawmfrljcif;odkYra&mufEkdif}} (wref 15;1)

[kajymqdkMuonf/ xdkodkYaomjyóemrSm ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;taMumif;

r[kwfbJ? u,fwifjcif;taMumif;omjzpfaeonf/ u,fwifjcif;onf

c&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfom (odkYr[kwf) em;axmifvdkufavQmuf

jcif;jzihf&&Sdaomt&mjzpfonf [laomoabmoufa&mufaeayonf/

,aeYta&zsm;vSD;jcif;onf jyóemjzpfcsifrSjzpfayvdrfhrnf/

odkYaomf toif;awmftaejzihf þuJhodkYaomjyóemrsKd; (tu,fíwpfpHk

wpfck&Sdaomf) ESihfwlaom rnfonfht&mudk&ifqdkifae&oenf;/

35 36

t*Fg Zlvdkif 11

uGJjym;jcif;xJupnf;vH k;jcif;uG J jym;jcif;xJupnf;vH k;jcif;

uG J jym;jcif;xJupnf;vH k;jcif;uG J jym;jcif;xJupnf;vH k;jcif;uG J jym;jcif;xJupnf;vH k;jcif;

*vmwd 2;1-10 udkzwfyg/ aygvkonf nDtpfudka,mifaqmif

aomolwdkYESihfywfoufí ]]a,½Ic&pftm;jzihf igwdkYcHpm;aomvTwfjcif;

tcGihfudkacsmif;Munfhí igwdkYudkuRefcHaprnftMuHESihf. . . igwdkYtxJ

odkY0ifvmonf}} (*vmwd 2;4) [kqdkonf/ c&pf,mefwdkYonf rnfonfh

t&mrsm;rSvGwfajrmufoenf;/ a,m[ef 8;31-36/ a&mr 6;6?7/

8;2?3/ *vmwd 3;23-25/ 4;7?8/ a[jAJ 2;14?15 wdkYudkzwfyg/

þvGwfvyfjcif;tppftrSefudk uREfkyfwdkYudk,fwdkif rnfuJhodkYawGUêuHcHpm;

&oenf;/

c&pf,meftawGUtêuHtjzpfazmfjyonfh vGwfvyfjcif;onf

aygvktwGuf ta&;BuD;aomt,ltqwpfckjzpfonf/ olonf þ

pum;vHk;udk tjcm;aom"r®opfa&;om;olrsm;xuf omítBudrfrsm;rsm;

toHk;ûyum? *vmwdMo0g'pmwGif ]]vGwfvyfonf}} ESihf ]]vGwfvyf

jcif;}} [laompum;vHk;rsm; tBudrfrsm;rsm;awGU&onf/ odkYaomfvnf;

c&pf,meftwGuf vGwfvyfjcif;onf c&pfawmfüvGwfvyfjcif;udkqdkvdk

onf/ bk&m;ocifudk twm;tqD;rJhudk;uG,fqnf;uyfaomtoufwm

jzihftouf&Sifjcif;onf tcGihfta&;jzpfonf/ ¤if;rSm uREfkyfwdkY\tjypf

&Sdaomoabmobm0\uRefb0rS vGwfajrmufjcif; (a&mr 6)? ynwf

w&m;\w&m;pD&ifjcif;rSvGwfajrmufjcif; (a&mr 8;1?2) ESihf aojcif;

\wefcdk;rSvGwfajrmufjcif; (1aum 15;55) wdkYyg0ifonf/

wrefawmfwdkYonf ]]ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;ESihfpyfqdkifaom {0Ha*vd

w&m;udk ayw½kütyfawmfrlonfenf;wl? ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;ESihfrpyfqdkif

aom {0Ha*vdw&m;udk ig (aygvk) ütyfawmfrlaMumif;udk odjrifMu

onf}} (*vmwd 2;7)/ þusrf;csufonf toif;awmfxJüpnf;vHk;

jcif;ESihfuGJjym;jcif;oabmobm0udk rnfuJhodkYazmfjyoenf;/

bk&m;ocifonf ayw½ktm; ,k'vlrsKd;rsm;xHw&m;a[majym

&ef ac:awmfrlouJhodkYyif aygvkudkwpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;tm; w&m;a[m

ajym&efac:awmfrlaMumif;udk wrefawmfrsm;odrSwfcJhMuonf/ þtajc

taeESpfckpvHk;wGif {0Ha*vdw&m;onf twlwlyifjzpfNyD;? odkY&mwGif

wrefawmfrsm;w&m;a[majymonfhvlrsm;tay:rlwnfí þowif;udk

a[majymcJhMuonf/ vHk;0aocsmonfrSm ]]txufygusrf;csufonf

wpfckwnf;aomowif;pum;udk wpfrlxl;jcm;pGmMum;&rnfjzpfaMumif;ESihf

rwlnDaomvlrIa&;ESifh,Ofaus;rItajctaeay:rlwnfí jcm;em;aom

t&Sdef&SdaMumif;udk ta&;wBuD;todtrSwfûyjcif;jzpfonf/. . . ¤if;wpfck

wnf;jzpfjcif;onf c&pf,mefpnf;vHk;jcif;\tajctjrpftwdtusyif

jzpfum? uGJjym;jcif;xJu pnf;vHk;jcif;yifjzpfonf/}} (James D. G. Dunn,

The Epistle to the Galatians, p. 106).

uREfkyfwdkY\ ]]aysmfarGU&mt&yf}} rSxGufum w&m;a[mjcif;ESihf

oufaocHjcif;enf;vrf;rsm;udk rnfonfhtwdkif;twmjzihf vufcH&rnf

enf;/ oifhudkpdwftaESmifht,Sufûyapaom w&m;a[menf;vrf;

rsm;&Sdygovm;/ tu,fí&SdcJhaomf ¤if;wdkYrSmtb,fenf;? tb,faMumihf

oifhudkpdwftaESmihft,Sufay;um ¤if;wdkYudkvufcH&ef omípdwfoabm

xm;BuD;&rnfenf;/

Ak'¨[l; Zlvdkif 12

tEÅdtkwtEÅdtkw

tEÅdtkwtEÅdtkwtEÅdtkw

fûrfûr

fûrfûrfûrdUuxdyfwdkuf&ifqdkifrI (*vmwd 2;11-13)dUuxdyfwdkuf&ifqdkifrI (*vmwd 2;11-13)

dUuxdyfwdkuf&ifqdkifrI (*vmwd 2;11-13)dUuxdyfwdkuf&ifqdkifrI (*vmwd 2;11-13)dUuxdyfwdkuf&ifqdkifrI (*vmwd 2;11-13)

a,½k&SvifûrdUwGif aygvk\n§dEdIif;wdkifyifrIaemufwGif wrefawmf

0w¬Kü wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm; tOD;qHk;aomtoif;awmfwnf&Sdonfhae&m

ESihf aygvkomoemvkyfief;\tajcpdkuf&m[kazmfjyaom qD&D;,m;jynf

&Sd tEÅdtkwfûrdUodkY ayw½kvnfywfcJhonf/ xdkae&mwGif&SdaepOf? ayw½k

onf wpfyg;trsKd;om;c&pf,mefrsm;ESihf vGwfvyfpGmpm;aomufcJhonf/

37 38

odkYaomfvnf; ,mukyfapvTwfonfh ,k'c&pf,mefwpfzGJUa&muf&Sdvm

aomtcg ayw½konf olwdkY\txifjrifvGJcH&rnfudkaMumuf&GHUaom

aMumihf ol\tûytrludkvHk;0ajymif;vJcJhonf/

tb,faMumihfayw½konf omíaumif;pGmodcJhoifhoenf;/

*vmwd 2;11-13 ESihf wrefawmf 10;28 udkEdIif;,SOfyg/ uREfkyfwdkY

toufwmwGif ,Ofaus;rIESihfxHk;wrf;pOfvmwdkYonf rnfrQt½dk;pGJcsKd;uyf

Edkifonfudk ol\tûytrlu rnfuJhodkYazmfjyoenf;/

vlwcsKdUu ayw½kESihftwl&Sdaomtjcm;,k'vlwdkYonf "r®a[mif;

usrf;rS oefY&Sif;aomtpmESihfroefY&Sif;aomtpmESihfywfoufonfhynwfudk

rvdkufavQmufMuawmhyg[k vGJrSm;pGm,lqMuonf/ odkY&mwGif þtcsufrSm

t"dujyóemjzpf[efrwlacs/ tu,fí ayw½kESihftm;vHk;aom,k'

c&pf,mefwdkYonf ,k'vlwdkY\tpm;tpmynwfudk pGefYvTwfcJhygaomf?

toif;awmfxJwGif BuD;rm;aomqlyltHk<urIu taotcsmvdkufvmay

vdrfhrnf/ xdkodkYjzpfvmaomf? ¤if;ESihfywfoufonfhrSwfwrf;wcsKdUtrSef

&Sdaevdrfhrnf/ odkYaomfbmrQr&Sdacs/ omíjzpfEdkifajc&SdaomjyóemrSm

wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;ESihf pm;yGJ0dkif;zGJUrdwfo[m,zGJUjzpfjcif;jzpfonf/

tb,faMumihfqdkaomf rsm;pGmaom,k'vlwdkYonf wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;

udkroefY&Sif;[k½Ijrifum? jzpfEkdiforQ wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;ESihfvlrIa&;

txdtawGUrsm;udk a&Smifaom"avh&SdaecJhonf/

ayw½kudk,fwkdif þjyóemESihf½kef;uefcJh&NyD; bk&m;ocifxHrS

vmaom ½lyg½HkuomvQif þudpöudkolYtm;&Sif;vif;pGmjrifapEkdifonf/

olYtdrfxJ0ifNyD;aemuf ayw½konf a&mrppfAdkvfaumfaevdtm; ]],k'

vljzpfaomolwdkYonf wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYESihfraygif;azmfrcsOf;uyftyf

onfudk oifwdkYodMu\/ odkYaomfvnf; npfnL;onfrpifMu,f[k

tb,foludkrQrac:&rnftaMumif; bk&m;ocifonf ightm;qHk;rjyo

awmfrlNyD}} (wref 10;28) [kajymjycJhonf/ olonf þudpöudkomí

aumif;pGmodaecJhaomfvnf; olYvlrsKd;rsm;pdwfrausreyfjzpfrnfudktvGef

aMumuf&GHUaomaMumihf 'Hk&if;tajctaeodkY jyefqdkufcJhonf/ þvkyf&yfu

,Ofaus;rIESihfxHk;wrf;pOfvmonf ayw½k\toufwmwGif rnfrQtm;BuD;

aomqGJtm;jzpfaMumif; txift&Sm;jyoonf/

odkYaomfvnf;? aygvkonf ayw½k\tûytrludk twdtus

azmfjycJhonf/ *vmwd 2;13 wGif oltoHk;ûyaom Greek pum;vHk;rSm

]]olawmfaumif;[efaqmifjcif;}} jzpfonf/ aygvkqufajymonfrSm

]]olwdkYvQKdU0Sufjcif;tm;jzihf AmeAonfvnf; olwdkYbufodkYygoGm;\}}

[líjzpfonf/ bk&m;ocif\vlwpfOD;xHrS tjcm;wpfOD;xHodkYajymaom

jyif;xefonfhpum;vHk;yifjzpfonf/

tb,faMumihfolawmfaumif;[efaqmif&ef vG,fulvSoenf;/

(olwpfyg;\trSm;udk&SmazG&ef pdwftm;xufoefaepOf uREfkyfwdkYudk,fwkdif

rdrdwdkY\trSm;rsm;udk rjrifcsifa,mifaqmifjcif;aMumihfr[kwfavm/)

oifhudk,fydkiftoufwmwGif rnfuJhodkYaomolawmfaumif;a,mifaqmif

rIrsKd;&Sdoenf;/ omíta&;BuD;onfrSm ¤if;udkrnfuJhodkYodrSwfEdkifNyD;

tjrpfjywf&Sif;xkwf&rnfenf;/

Mumoyaw; Zlvdkif 13

aygvk\ylyefrI (*vmwd 2;14)aygvk\ylyefrI (*vmwd 2;14)

aygvk\ylyefrI (*vmwd 2;14)aygvk\ylyefrI (*vmwd 2;14)aygvk\ylyefrI (*vmwd 2;14)

tEÅdtkwfûrdUutajctaeonf trSefyifwif;rmaeonf/

toif;awmfacgif;aqmifESpfOD;jzpfaom aygvkESihfayw½konf vlbHktv,f

rSmtjiif;yGm;aeMuonf/ ayw½konf rdrdtûytrltwGuf&Sif;jycsufay;

&ef aygvkonf wnfhwnfhyifawmif;qdkcJhonf/

ayw½ktm; vlod&SifMum;xdyfwdkufawGUjcif;twGuf aygvkonf

rnfonhftaMumif;jycsufrsm;ay;oenf;/ *vmwd 2;11-14/

39 40

aygvkjrifouJhodkYjyóemrSm ayw½konf a,½k&SvifûrdUrSvm

aomolwdkYESihf pm;aomuf&efqHk;jzwfjcif;r[kwfacs/ {nfh0wfausyGefjcif;

taMumif;a&S;"avhrSm trSefyifxdkxufru{nfh0wfûy&rnfjzpfonf/

jyóemrSm ]]rSefaom{0Ha*vdw&m;}} jzpfonf/ ¤if;rSm

rdwfo[m,zGJUjcif; (odkYr[kwf) pm;aomufjcif;"avhjyóemrQom

r[kwfacs/ trSeftm;jzihf ayw½k\ûyrlyHkonf {0Ha*vdowif;wpfckvHk;

udk avQmhayghvdkufjcif;jzpfonf/

*vmwd 3;28 ESihf aumavmoJ 3;11 wdkYudkzwfyg/ þ

usrf;csufrsm;rStrSefw&m;onf aygvk\jyif;xefaomûyrlyHkudk rnfuJhodkY

em;vnfapoenf;/

a,½k&SvifûrdUü aygvkonf ayw½kESihftjcm;wrefawmfrsm;ESihf

awGUqHkpOf ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;rcH,lbJ wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;onf c&pfawmf

ü aumif;csD;r*Fvmtm;vHk;udkvufcH&,lEkdifaMumif; oabmwlaumufcsuf

cscJhMuNyD;jzpfonf/ ayw½k\,ckûyrljcif;onf ¤if;oabmwlnDcsufudk

xdckdufaponf/ wpfcsdefu ,k'vlc&pf,mefrsm;ESihf wpfyg;trsKd;om;

c&pf,mefwdkYonf yGifhvif;pGmrdwfo[m,zGJUqufqHcJhMuaomfvnf; ,ck

wGifrl? vlxkonfuGJoGm;um? þt&monf tem*wfwGiftoif;awmf

uGJoGm;Ekdifonfhtvm;tvmudk zefwD;ay;aeonf/

aygvk\½IaxmihfrSMunfhaomf ayw½k\tûytrlonf wpfyg;

trsKd;om;c&pf,mefrsm;onf 'kwd,tqihf,HkMunfolrsm;tqifhodkYom

a&muf&SdEdkifaMumif; oG,f0dkufjyoaeum ayw½k\tûytrlu wpfyg;

trsKd;om;wdkYonf jynfhjynfh00rdwfo[m,zGJUvdkvQif xHk;wrf;pOfvm

aemufvdkuf&rnf[laom BuD;rm;onfhzdtm;ay;aeonf[k ol,HkMunf

cJhonf/ xdkaMumihfaygvkonf ]]oifonf ,k'jzpfvsufyif ,k'xHk;pH

twdkif;rusihfbJ wpfyg;trsKd;\xHk;pHtwdkif;usihfvQif? wpfyg;trsKd;om;

wdkYonf ,k'xHk;pHtwkdif;usihfapjcif;iSm tb,faMumihfolwdkYudktEkdiftxuf

ûyoenf;}} (*vmwd 2;14) [kajymcJhonf/ ]],k'xHk;pHtwdkif;usihf}}

[laompum;pkudk ]]*sL;bmomodkYoGif;onf}} [lí wdkuf½dkufteufjyef

qdkonf/ þpum;vHk;onf ]],k'xHk;wrf;pOfvmudkcH,lonf}} [laom

t"dyÜg,f&Sdonf/ ¤if;udk*sL;bk&m;ausmif;odkYoGm;NyD; ,k'xHk;pHudkusihfaom

wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;udkac:qdk&mwGif toHk;ûyonf/ þtaMumif;aMumihf

aygvkonf *vmwdûrdUrSolYtm;qefYusifolwdkYjzpfaom rSm;,Gif;aom

nDtpfudkrsm;[k olac:qdkonfholrsm;udk ]*sL;bmomodkYoGwfoGif;olrsm;}}

[k rMumcPol&nfñTef;ajymqdkonf/

ayw½k\ûyrlaqmif&Gufcsufonf vGefpGmrqdk;0g;onfhtvm;

(omíaumif;pGmodoifhonfh AmeAonfvnf; xdkuJhodkYûyrlcJhayonf/

rdwfaqGtcsif;csif;zdtm;ay;jcif;onf rnfrQtm;aumif;aMumif;&Sif;pGm

jyoonfh yHkerlemjzpfonf/ uREkfyfwdkYywfvnfrSvlwdkYtm;jzihf rSm;,Gif;aom

vrf;aMumif;odkY,drf;,dkifjcif;rS rdrdudk,fudkumuG,f&ef rnfuJhodkYoif,l

Ekdifrnfenf;/

aomMum Zlvdkif 14

xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/

xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/

]]tawmfqHk;aomvlrsm;udkyifvQif? olwdkYcsnf;oufoufcsefxm;

cJhvQif pdk;&drfzG,ftrSm;rsm;ûyvkyfMuvdrfhrnf/ vlom;udk,fpm;vS,ftay:

wm0efrsm;rsm;ay;avav? qHk;jzwfcsufay;&efESihfxdef;csKyf&ef&mxl;jrihf

avav? ocifbk&m;\enf;vrf;udk *½kwpdkufrvdkufavQmufcJhvQif

pdwfESvHk;azmufjyefap&ef omíBuD;rm;aomxdcdkufepfemrIûyvkyfavav

jzpfrnf/ tEÅdtkwfûrdUwGif ayw½konf ½kd;om;ajzmihfrwfjcif;t&mü

us½HI;cJhonf/ aygvkonf ol\vGJrSm;aomMoZmvTrf;rdk;rIudk rsufESm

41 42

csif;qdkifawmihfcH&onf/ þjzpf&yfudkrSwfwrf;wifjcif;rSm tjcm;olrsm;

\tusKd;twGufjzpfum &mxl;BuD;aomolwdkYonf ½dk;om;ajzmihfrwfjcif;

ürus½HI;bJ? tajccHpnf;rsOf;udkapmihfxdef;&efvdktyfaMumif; av;av;eufeuf

owday;t&mtjzpf oifcef;pm,lEdkifonf}} (E. G. White, The SDA Bible

Commentary, vol. 6, p. 1108).

-0-


,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfomajzmihfrwfjcif;,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfomajzmihfrwfjcif;,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfomajzmihfrwfjcif;,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfomajzmihfrwfjcif;,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfomajzmihfrwfjcif;




zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 2;15-21/ {zuf 2;12/ zdvdyÜd

3;9/ a&mr 3;10-20/ urÇm 15;5?6/ a&mr 3;8/



]]igonf c&pfawmfESihftwl vuf0g;uyfwdkifrSmtaocHNyD/]]igonf c&pfawmfESihftwl vuf0g;uyfwdkifrSmtaocHNyD/

]]igonf c&pfawmfESihftwl vuf0g;uyfwdkifrSmtaocHNyD/]]igonf c&pfawmfESihftwl vuf0g;uyfwdkifrSmtaocHNyD/]]igonf c&pfawmfESihftwl vuf0g;uyfwdkifrSmtaocHNyD/

odkYaomfvnf; touf&Sifao;\/ xdkodkYqdkaomf igonfudk,fwkdifodkYaomfvnf; touf&Sifao;\/ xdkodkYqdkaomf igonfudk,fwkdif

odkYaomfvnf; touf&Sifao;\/ xdkodkYqdkaomf igonfudk,fwkdifodkYaomfvnf; touf&Sifao;\/ xdkodkYqdkaomf igonfudk,fwkdifodkYaomfvnf; touf&Sifao;\/ xdkodkYqdkaomf igonfudk,fwkdif

r&Sif? c&pfawmfonf igü&Sifawmfrl\/ udk,fcE¨mü,ckig&Sifr&Sif? c&pfawmfonf igü&Sifawmfrl\/ udk,fcE¨mü,ckig&Sif

r&Sif? c&pfawmfonf igü&Sifawmfrl\/ udk,fcE¨mü,ckig&Sifr&Sif? c&pfawmfonf igü&Sifawmfrl\/ udk,fcE¨mü,ckig&Sifr&Sif? c&pfawmfonf igü&Sifawmfrl\/ udk,fcE¨mü,ckig&Sif

aomtoufonf bk&m;ocif\om;awmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfaomtoufonf bk&m;ocif\om;awmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf

aomtoufonf bk&m;ocif\om;awmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfaomtoufonf bk&m;ocif\om;awmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfaomtoufonf bk&m;ocif\om;awmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf

wnf\/ om;awmfonf ighudkcspfí ightzdkYudk,fudkudk,fpGefYawmfwnf\/ om;awmfonf ighudkcspfí ightzdkYudk,fudkudk,fpGefYawmf

wnf\/ om;awmfonf ighudkcspfí ightzdkYudk,fudkudk,fpGefYawmfwnf\/ om;awmfonf ighudkcspfí ightzdkYudk,fudkudk,fpGefYawmfwnf\/ om;awmfonf ighudkcspfí ightzdkYudk,fudkudk,fpGefYawmf

rl\rl\

rl\rl\rl\

}}}}

}}}}}} (*vmwd 2;20)/ (*vmwd 2;20)/

(*vmwd 2;20)/ (*vmwd 2;20)/ (*vmwd 2;20)/

vGefcJhaomtywfwGifavhvmcJhouJhodkY aygvkonf ayw½kudk

oltm;ay;onfh,HkMunfjcif;ESihf olazmfjyonfhtûytrltMum; a½SUaemuf

nDñGwfjcif;r&Sdjcif;aMumihf vlod&SifMum;xdyfwdkufawGUcJhonf/ ,cif

,HkMunfolr[kwfaom wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;ESihfrpm;aomufawmh&ef

ayw½k\qHk;jzwfcsufonf ,HkMunfolwpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;onf tjrihf

qHk;taejzihf 'kwd,wef;pm;c&pf,mefrsm;omjzpfEkdifaMumif;azmfjy&ma&muf

onf/ tu,fí olwdkYonf bk&m;ocif\rdom;pk0ifjzpf&efESihf tjynfh

t0rdwfo[m,zGJUjcif;r*Fvmudk cHpm;vdkcsifcJhaomf? olwdkYonf tvsif

OD;qHk;ta&zsm;vSD;&rnf[laomt"dyÜg,frsKd; ayw½k\tûytrluazmfjy

aeonf/

43 44

xdkwif;rmaomtajctaewGif aygvkonf ayw½ktm;trSef

wu,frnfonfht&majymoenf;/ þtywfoifcef;pmwGif jzpfysuf

cJhonfht&mtusOf;udk uREfkyfwdkYavhvmMuygrnf/ þusrf;ydk'fonf

"r®opfusrf;ü twkdqHk;csKH;aompum;vHk;a&G;cs,foHk;EIef;onfh usrf;ydk'f

wpfckjzpfum? ¤if;onf vGefpGmta&;ygt&ma&mufonf/ tb,faMumihf

qdkaomf ¤if;usrf;ydk'fonf {0Ha*vdw&m;ESihf usefaom*vmwdMo0g'pm

udkem;vnfEkdif&ef tajccHusaompum;vHk;rsm;ESihfpum;pkrsm;udk uREfkyf

wdkYtm;tvsifqHk;rdwfqufay;ygonf/ ¤if;t"dupum;vHk;rsm;wGif

ajzmihfrwfjcif;? ynwfw&m;\tusihf? ,HkMunfrIESihf,HkMunfjcif;omru

c&pfawmf\,HkMunfjcif;yifyg0ifonf/

þa0g[m&rsm;tm;jzihf aygvkonf rnfonfht&mudkqdkvdk

oenf;/ ¤if;wdkYonf u,fwifjcif;pDrHudef;taMumif;udk rnfuJhodkY

azmfjyoenf;/


]]ajzmihfrwfjcif;}} ta&;jyóem (*vmwd 2;15?16)]]ajzmihfrwfjcif;}} ta&;jyóem (*vmwd 2;15?16)

]]ajzmihfrwfjcif;}} ta&;jyóem (*vmwd 2;15?16)]]ajzmihfrwfjcif;}} ta&;jyóem (*vmwd 2;15?16)]]ajzmihfrwfjcif;}} ta&;jyóem (*vmwd 2;15?16)

*vmwd 2;15 wGif ]]tjypfxif&Sm;aomwpfyg;trsKd;om;r[kwf

bJ? ZmwdtrsKd;tm;jzihf ,k'vljzpfMuonf}} (ESV) [ka&;om;onf/

rnfonfhtcsufazmfjyonf[k oifxifygoenf;/

aygvk\pum;vHk;rsm;udk tajctaejzpf&yfay:rlwnfí em;vnf

&efvdktyfonf/ olYtazmf,k'c&pf,mefwdkYudk rdrd\&yfwnfcsufüqGJ,l

&efêud;pm;&mü aygvkonf olwdkYvufcHEkdifrnfh,k'vlwdkYESihf wpfyg;

trsKd;om;wdkYtMum; xHk;wrf;pOfvmt&mjcm;em;jcif;ESihftpûycJhonf/

,k'vlwdkYonf bk&m;ocifa&G;cs,faomtrsKd;? ynwfawmfudkay;tyf

aomvlrsKd;jzpfum? udk,fawmfESihfy#dnmOfqufqHa&;tusKd;aus;Zl;udk

cHpm;olrsm;jzpfMuonf/ odkY&mwGif wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYonf tjypfom;

rsm;jzpfMuonf/ bk&m;ocif\ynwfawmfonf olwdkY\tûytrludk

csKyfxdef;jcif;r&SdbJ? y#dnmOfESihfqdkifaomuwdawmfrsm;\jyifywGif&Sdae

olrsm;jzpfMuonf ({zuf 2;12/ a&mr 2;14)/ wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkY

onf ododomom ]]tjypfom;rsm;}} jzpfaepOf? tcef;i,f (16) wGif

aygvkonf ,k'vlc&pf,mefwdkYtm; olwdkY\0dnmOfa&;tcGihfxl;aMumihf

bk&m;ociftwGuf olwdkYonf omívufcHEkdifzG,f&mr[kwfaMumif;?

tb,faMumihfqdkaomf ]]ynwfw&m;tusihf}} tm;jzihf ajzmihfrwfjcif;

ra&mufaMumif;udk owday;cJhonf/

aygvkonf ]]ajzmihfrwfonf}} [laompum;vHk;udk *vmwd

2;16?17 wGif av;BudrftoHk;ûyonf/ ]]ajzmihfrwfjcif;}} \t"dyÜg,f

um;tb,fenf;/ xGuf 23;7 ESihf w&m;a[m 25;1 wdkYudkqifjcifyg/

]]ajzmihfrwfaponf}} [laomBud,mrSm aygvktwGuft"du

a0g[m&jzpfonf/ ¤if;pum;vHk;udk "r®opfusrf;wGif 39 Budrfazmfjy

onfhteuf? 27 Budrfudk aygvk\pmwGifawGU&onf/ olonf ¤if;udk

*vmwdMo0g'pmwGif &SpfBudrfazmfjyum *vmwd 2;16?17 wGifav;Budrf

yg&Sdonf/ ]]ajzmihfrwfjcif;}} [laompum;vHk;onf Oya'qdkif&ma0g[m&

jzpfum? w&m;½Hk;wGiftoHk;ûyonf/ ¤if;rSm w&m;olBuD;onf w&m;pGJ

cH&aomw&m;cHtm; tjypfr&Sd[kpD&ifcsufcsrSwfjcif;ESihfoufqdkifonf/

¤if;rSm ]]tjypf'PfcsrSwfcH&jcif;}} ESihfqefYusifbufjzpfonf/ xdkYjyif

ru? ]]w&m;rQwaom}} ESihf ]]ajzmihfrwfaom}} [laompum;vHk;wdkYonf

Greek pum;vHk;wpfckwnf;rSqif;oufum? vlwpfOD;tm; ]]w&m;rQw

aponf}} [kajymqdk&mwGif xdkoltm; ]]ajzmihfrwf}} oltjzpfrSwf,l

onf[laomt"dyÜg,f&onf/ xdkaMumihf ajzmihfrwfjcif;? tjypfcGifhvTwf

jcif;xufruacs/ ¤if;rSm vlwpfOD;udkajzmihfrwfoltjzpf aMunmjcif;

jzpfonf/

45 46

odkY&mwGif wcsKdUaom,HkMunfol,k'vlwdkYtwGufrl ajzmihfrwf

jcif;onf &if;ESD;qufET,frIvnf;jzpfonf/ ¤if;onf bk&m;ocifESihf

ol\y#dnmOfü qufqHa&;ESihfqufEGT,frI&Sdonf/ ]]ajzmihfrwfaponf}}

[kqdk&mwGif tmjA[H\rdom;pkjzpfaom bk&m;ocif\y#dnmOfESihfqdkif

aomtodkuft0ef;wGif vlwpfOD;tm;opöm&SdaomtzGJU0iftjzpf rSwf,l

jcif;udkqdkvdkonf/

*vmwd 2;15-17 udkzwfyg/ aygvkonf oifhtm;rnfonfh

t&mudkajymaeoenf;/ NyD;aemuf ¤if;pum;vHk;rsm;udk oifhudk,fydkif

c&pf,meftoufwmwGif rnfuJhodkYtoHk;csoenf;/

wevFm Zlvdkif 17

ynwfw&m;\tusih fynwfw&m;\tusih f

ynwfw&m;\tusih fynwfw&m;\tusih fynwfw&m;\tusih f

vlwpfOD;onf ]]ynwfw&m;\tusihf}} tm;jzihf ajzmihfrwf

&modkYra&mufaMumif;udk aygvkonf *vmwd 2;16 wGif oHk;Budrf

ajymqdkonf/ ]]ynwf&m;\tusihf}} [kqdk&m olonf rnfonfht&m

udkqdkvdkoenf;/ þusrf;csufrsm; (*vmwd 2;16?17/ 3;2?5?10/

a&mr 3;20?28) onf ol\t"dyÜg,fudkem;vnf&ef rnfuJhodkYulnD

ay;oenf;/

]]ynwfw&m;\tusihf}} [laompum;pk\t"dyÜg,fudkravhvm

rD? ]]ynwf}} [kajym&mwGif aygvkonf rnfonfht&mqdkvdkonfudk

tvsifem;vnf&efvdktyfonf/ ]]ynwf}} [laompum;vHk;udk aygvk

\Mo0g'pmrsm;wGif 121 BudrfawGU&SdEkdifonf/ ¤if;ynwfonf rdrdvl

wdkYtwGuf bk&m;ocif\tvdkawmftygt0if? arma&Sa&;aomyxr

ig;usrf;? "r®a[mif;usrf;wpfckvHk; (odkYr[kwf) taxGaxGtajccHpnf;rsOf;

yifvQif rsm;pGmaomjcm;em;onfht&mrsm;udk &nfñTef;Ekdifonf/ odkYaomf

jim;vnf; ¤if;udkaygvkt"duoHk;onfhenf;rSm arma&SrSwpfqifh rdrdvl

wdkYxHay;aom bk&m;ocif\ynwfawmfaygif;csKyfwpfckvHk;udk &nfñTef;

jcif;jzpfonf/

xdkaMumihf ]]ynwfw&m;\tusihf}} [laompum;pkwGif ynwf

awmf (10) yg;jzpfap? 0denf;xHk;zGJUjcif;ESihfqdkifaomynwfrsm;jzpfap?

bk&m;ocifay;awmfrlaomynwfcsufrsm;ü awGU&aomjyXmef;csuftm;vHk;

yg0if[ef&Sdonf/ aygvk\qdkvdk&if;rSm wpfpHkwpfOD;onf bk&m;ocif

\ynwfcsufudkvdkufavQmufem;axmif&ef rnfrQyifêud;pm;aomfvnf;?

uREfkyfwdkY\em;axmifvdkufavQmufjcif;onf bk&m;ocifu uREfkyfwdkYtm;

tjypfvTwf&efaomfvnf;aumif;? bk&m;ocifa½SUwGif uREfkyfwdkYajzmihfrwf

oltjzpfaMunm&efaomfvnf;aumif; b,faomtcgrQaumif;rGefvHkavmuf

rIr&Sdacs/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf udk,fawmf\ynwfawmfonf tcsdef

umvwpfavQmufvHk;wGif ynwfcsufrsm;tm;vHk;udk pdwftm;jzihfvnf;

aumif;? tûytrltm;jzihfvnf;aumif; vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;opömapmifh&ef

awmif;qdkaomaMumihfjzpfonf/

]]ynwfw&m;\tusihf}} [laompum;pkudk "r®a[mif;usrf;ESihf

aygvkrSty tjcm;aom"r®opfusrf;wGifrawGU&aomfjim;vnf; c&pfawmf

tcsdefütouf&Sifaom Essenes [kac:onfh ,k'vlwpfpkul;,lcJhaom

Dead Sea Scrolls [kac:aom pmaypmvdyftpktyHkudk 1947 ckESpfwGif

awGU&Sdjcif;ESihftwl ¤if;\qdkvdk&if;t"dyÜg,fudk tHhbeef;twnfûycsuf

xGufay:vmcJhonf/ a[jAJbmomjzihfa&;om;xm;aomfvnf; þpum;pk

twdtusudk pmvdyfwpfckwGifyg&Sdonf/ ¤if;pmvdyf\acgif;pOfrSm Miqsat

Ma’ as Ha-Torah jzpfNyD;? ]]ta&;BuD;aomynwfw&m;\tusihfrsm;}}

[lí bmomjyefqdkEkdifonf/ ¤if;pmvdyfwGif ,k'vlwdkYonf wpfyg;

trsKd;om;rsm;xHrScGJjcm;ae&rnf[laomtcsuftygt0if oefY&Sif;aom

t&mrsm;udk rpifMu,fjcif;rSumuG,fjcif;ESihfqdkifaom or®musrf;pmynwf

csufrsm;tay:tajccHonfh rsm;pGmaomta&;udpörsm;udkazmfjyonf/

47 48

tqHk;wGif pma&;olonf ]]ynwfw&m;\tusihfrsm;}} udkvdkufavQmuf

cJhaomf? bk&m;ocif\a½SUwGif ]]oifhtm;ajzmihfrwfoltjzpfrSwf,lrnf

[k a&;om;xm;onf/ aygvkESihfjcm;em;NyD; pma&;olonf rdrd\pmzwf

y&dowfwdkYudk ,HkMunfjcif;ay:tajcrcHbJ tvkyftay:tajccHNyD;

ajzmihfrwfjcif;w&m;udkurf;vSrf;xm;onf/

oif\toufwmwGif bk&m;ocif\ynwfawmfudk rnfrQ

aumif;rGefpGmapmihfxdef;oenf;/ oifonf ynwfawmfudkaumif;pGm

apmihfxdef;aomaMumihf bk&m;ocifa½SUwGif ajzmihfrwfjcif;&&SdEkdifonf[k

trSefwu,fcHpm;zl;ygovm;/ (a&mr 3;10-20 udkzwfyg/) tu,fí

xdkodkYr[kwfygaomf oifhtajzonf aygvk\qdkvdk&if;udk rnfuJhodkY

em;vnfapEkdifoenf;/

t*Fg Zlvdkif 18

uREf kyfwd k Yajzmih frwfjcif;\tajccHuREf ky fwd k Yajzmih frwfjcif;\tajccH

uREf ky fwd k Yajzmih frwfjcif;\tajccHuREf ky fwd k Yajzmih frwfjcif;\tajccHuREf ky fwd k Yajzmih frwfjcif;\tajccH

]]ynwfw&m;tm;jzihf&aomudk,fajzmihfrwfjcif;udkrudk;pm;bJ?

c&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf bk&m;ocifay;awmfrlaomajzmihfrwfjcif;udk

udk;pm;Muavmh}} (zdvdyÜd 3;11? NKJV )/

c&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;onfta&;rBuD;[k ,k'vlc&pf,mef

wdkYtqdkûyMuonf[k uREfkyfwdkYr,lqtyfay/ trSefwu,folwdkYtm;vHk;

onf a,½Iudk,HkMunfolrsm;jzpfMuonf/ olwdkYtm;vHk;udk,fawmfü

,HkMunfjcif;&SdMuonf/ odkY&mwGif olwdkY\tûytrlu ,HkMunfjcif;

oufoufonf vHkavmufrIr&Sd[lívnf;aumif;? uREfkyfwdkY\em;axmif

jcif;onf ajzmihfrwfjcif;odkYa&mufEkdif&ef xyfaygif;ay;onfht&mtvm;

,HkMunfjcif;udkem;axmifjcif;jzihf jznfhpGuf&rnf[lívnf;aumif; olwdkY

cHpm;cJhMuonf/ ajzmihfrwfjcif;udk ,HkMunfjcif;ESihftusihfwdkYtm;jzihf&&Sd

onf[k olwdkYjiif;qdkMuonf/ c&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;ESihf ynwf

w&m;\tusihfwdkYrwlnDonfhtcsufudk aygvkonf tBudrfBudrfEdIif;,SOf

yHkonf ]],HkMunfjcif;ESihftusihf}} ESpfckpvHk;ygonf[laom csOf;uyfrI

rsKd;udk jyif;pGmqefYusifaMumif;jyonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;wpfckwnf;onf

omvQif ajzmihfrwfjcif;\tajccHjzpfonf/

aygvktwGufvnf;yJ ,HkMunfjcif;onf pdwful;oufouf

t,ltqrQomr[kwfacs/ ,HkMunfjcif;onf cGJr&atmifa,½IESihf

qufET,faeonf/ trSefrSm *vmwd 2;16 wGif ]]c&pfawmfudk,HkMunf

jcif;}} [k ESpfBudrfbmomjyefqkdaompum;pkxuf rnfonfhbmomjyefqdk

csufurQ omít"dyÜg,fjynfhpHkrIr&Sdacs/ ¤if;pum;pk\rl&if; Greek

pum;pkonf ]]xdk,HkMunfjcif;}} (odkYr[kwf) a,½I\ ]]opömapmihfjcif;}}

[k wdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,f&Sdonf/ þwdkuf½dkufbmomjyefqdkrIonf uREfkyf

wdkYvkyfaqmifonfhynwfw&m;tusihfESihf uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf rdrd\opöm

apmihfodjcif;tm;jzihf vkyfaqmifcJhNyD;aomuREfkyfwdkYudk,fpm; c&pfawmf

aqmif&GufawmfrlcsufwdkYtMum; jcm;em;csufudk aygvkonf tm;aumif;

aumif;jzihfEdIif;,SOfcsufudkjyonf/

,HkMunfjcif;onf ¤if;udk,fwdkifukodkvfaumif;rIjzpfonfhtvm;?

,HkMunfjcif;onf olYudk,folajzmihfrwfjcif;ürxnfhaygif;onfudk owd&

&efta&;BuD;onf/ xdktpm;? ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf c&pfawmfESihfol\

uREfkyfwdkYudk,fpm;vkyfaqmifcsufwdkYudk uREfkyfwdkYqkyfudkifEkdifonf/ uREfkyf

wdkYonf rdrd\,HkMunfjcif;udktajccHNyD; ajzmihfrwf&modkYa&mufonf

r[kwfbJ? ,HkMunfjcif;jzihf rdrdwdkYtwGufuREfkyfwdkYawmif;qdkonfh uREfkyf

wdkYtwGuf c&pfawmf\opömapmihfjcif;tay:wGifomtajccHonf/

c&pfawmfonf rnfolurQrpGrf;aqmifEdkifonfht&mudk vkyfaqmif

awmfrlcJhum? ¤if;rSm olvkyfaqmifawmfrlorQwGif udk,fawmfwpfyg;

wnf;onf bk&m;ocifxHwGifopöm&Sdonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\arQmfvihfcsuf

onf uREfkyfwdkY\opömapmihfjcif;r[kwfbJ? c&pfawmf\opömapmihfjcif;

49 50

F- 4

üom&Sdonf/ þt&monf vGefcJhaom&mpkESpfrsm;pGmu rmwifvlom

pwifa[mMum;onfhtcsdefuuJhodkY ,aeYwGifvnf; ta&;ygaomor®m

w&m;jzpfonf/ bmoma&;ûyjyifajymif;vJjcif;udk pwifarG;zGm;ay;cJhaom

or®mw&m;yifjzpfonf/

*vmwd 2;16 udk a&S;qD;&D;,m;bmomjyefqdkcsufonf aygvk

\qdkvdk&if;udkaumif;pGmazmfjyonf/ xdkaMumihf vlwpfOD;onf ynwf

w&m;\tusihftm;jzihf ajzmihfrwf&modkYra&muf? ar&Sd,jzpfaoma,½I

\,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf ajzmihfrwf&modkYa&mufaMumif; igwdkYodMu\/

ynwfw&m;\tusihftm;jzihfr[kwfbJ? ar&Sd,\,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf

ajzmihfrwf&modkYa&muf&rnftaMumif; ar&Sd,a,½Iudk igwdkY,HkMunf

Mu\}} [líjzpfonf/

a&mr 3;22?26/ *vmwd 3;22/ {zuf 3;12 ESihf zdvdyÜd 3;9

wdkYudkzwfyg/ þusrf;csufrsm;ESihftxufygpmydk'fonf uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf

c&pfawmf\opömapmihfjcif;? bk&m;ocif\pum;udktjynfht0em;axmif

jcif;onfom uREfkyfwdkYu,fwifjcif;\tajccHjzpfonf[laom tHhzG,f

or®mw&m;udk rnfuJhodkYem;vnfapoenf;/

Ak'¨[l; Zlvdkif 19

,HkMunfem;axmifjcif;,H k Munfem;axmifjcif;

,H k Munfem;axmifjcif;,H k Munfem;axmifjcif;,H k Munfem;axmifjcif;

,HkMunfjcif;onf c&pf,meftoufwmtwGuf tajctjrpf

taotcsmjzpfaMumif; aygvk&Sif;vif;jyonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf

c&pfawmfü&Sdaomuwdawmfrsm;udk uREfkyfwdkYqkyfudkifEkdifonf/ odkYaomf

,HkMunfjcif;onf twdtusrnfonfht&mjzpfoenf;/ rnfonfht&m

yg0ifoenf;/

atmufygusrf;csufrsm;onf ,HkMunfjcif;\rlvtptaMumif;

udk rnfuJhodkYazmfjyoenf;/ urÇm 15;5?6/ a,m[ef 3;14-16/

2aum 5;14?15/ *vmwd 5;6/

ppfrSefaomor®musrf;vm,HkMunfjcif;onf tjrJwrf;bk&m;ocif

udkwHkYjyefjcif;jzpfonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;onf bk&m;ocifawmif;qdkaom

aMumihf wpfaeYwpfcsdefwGif&,lrnf[k vlom;\qHk;jzwfcsufcsonfhcHpm;rI

(odkYr[kwf) pdwfaeoabmxm;r[kwfacs/ þtcsuf\tjcm;wpfzufwGif

rl? rSefuefaom,HkMunfjcif;onf bk&m;ocif\aumif;jrwfjcif;udk

aus;Zl;wifjcif;ESihf cspfjcif;arwåmjzihfwHkYjyefaompdwfESvHk;rStpûyonf/

xdkaMumihf or®musrf;pmonf ,HkMunfjcif;taMumif;ajymvmvQif?

xdk,HkMunfjcif;onf bk&m;ocif\yPmrajcvSrf;rsm;udktjrJvdkufonf/

Oyrm? tmjA[H\udpöwGif ,HkMunfjcif;onf olYtm;bk&m;ocifay;awmf

rlaom tHhzG,fuwdawmfrsm;udk ol\jyefvnfwHkYjyefrIjzpfonf (urÇm

15;5?6)/ "r®opfusrf;wGif aygvku ,HkMunfjcif;onf vuf0g;uyfwkdif

ay:wGif uREfkyfwdkYtwGufc&pfawmfvkyfaqmifawmfrlcJhonfht&mudk uREfkyf

wdkYem;vnfoabmaygufjcif;wGif tajctjrpfwG,fonf[kajymqdkonf/

tu,fí ,HkMunfjcif;onf bk&m;ocifudkwHkYjyefjcif;jzpfaomf

¤if;wHkYjyefrIwGif rnfonfht&myg0ifoenf;/ atmufygusrf;csufrsm;rS

,HkMunfjcif;\oabmobm0taMumif;azmfjycsufudkqifjcifyg/ a,m[ef

8;32?36/ wref 10;43/ a&mr 1;5?8/ 6;17/ a[jAJ 11;6/

,mukyf 2;19/

vltrsm;u ,HkMunfjcif; (faith) udk ]],HkMunfcsuf}} (belief)

[kteufjyefqdkMuonf/ þteufjyefqdkrIwGifjyóem&Sdaeonf/ tb,f

aMumihfqdkaomf ]],HkMunfjcif;}} \rlv Greek pum;vHk;onf tvG,f

wulyif ]],HkMunfonf}} [laomBud,m\emrfjzpfonf/ enf;yHkpHwpfck

udktoHk;ûyNyD; tjcm;wpfckudkteufjyefqdkaomf ]],HkMunfjcif;onf,HkMunf

jcif;&Sdjcif;jzpfonf}} [k ajymqdkjcif;ESihfwlayvdrfhrnf/ ¤if;rSm t"dyÜg,f

r&Sdacs/

51 52

or®musrf;pmudkaocsmpGmqef;ppfvQif ,HkMunfjcif;onfbk&m;ocif

taMumif;udk OD;aESmuf\todomru? ¤if;todudk pdwfESvHk;rSoabmwl

vufcHjcif;vnf;yg0ifonf/ þt&mrSm bk&m;ociftaMumif;udk

wdwdususyHkazmfjcif;onf tvGefta&;BuD;aMumif;jyoonfhtaMumif;

&if;wpfckjzpfonf/ bk&m;ocif\pm&dwåawmfudk trSeftwdkif;yHkazmfEkdif

jcif;r&SdvQif trSefwu,fyif,HkMunfjcif;&Sdap&ef ydkrdkcufcJapEkdifonf/

odkY&mwGif {0Ha*vdw&m;udk OD;aESmuftodOmPfjzihfoabmwljcif;onf

rvHkavmufacs/ taMumif;rSm þt&mü ]]ewfqdk;rsm;yif,HkMunfMu

onf/}} ppfrSefaom,HkMunfjcif;onf vlwpfOD;\touf&SifaexdkifyHkudk

vnf; tusKd;oufa&mufrI&Sdonf/ a&mr 1;7 wGif aygvkonf

]],HkMunfem;axmifjcif;}} taMumif;udka&;om;onf/ aygvku em;axmif

jcif;onf ,HkMunfjcif;ESihftwlwljzpfonf[k ajymaejcif;r[kwfyg/

olqdkvdkonfrSm ppfrSefaom,HkMunfjcif;onf pdwfESvHk;rQomru?

vlwpfOD;\toufwmwpfckvHk;udk oufa&mufrI&Sdonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;

wGif vkdufem&rnfhpnf;urf;pm&if;ryg&SdbJ uREfkyfwdkY\ocif? u,fwif&Sif

a,½Ic&pfawmfxH,HkMunftyfESHjcif;yg0ifonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;onf uREkfyf

wdkY,HkMunfonfht&muJhodkY uREfkyfonf rnfonfht&mudkûyvkyfonf?

rnfodkYtouf&Sifonf? rnfolYudk,HkMunfonfwdkYrSm ta&;ygvSonf/

Mumoyaw; Zlvdkif 20

,HkMunfjcif;onftjypfud ktm;ay;ovm;,Hk Munfjcif;onftjypfud ktm;ay;ovm;

,Hk Munfjcif;onftjypfud ktm;ay;ovm;,Hk Munfjcif;onftjypfud ktm;ay;ovm;,Hk Munfjcif;onftjypfud ktm;ay;ovm;

aygvkudkt"dupGyfpGJcsufwpfckrSm ol\,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfom

ajzmihfrwf&ma&mufonf[laom {0Ha*vdw&m;onf vlwdkYtm;tjypfûy

&eftm;ay;onf[líjzpfonf (a&mr 3;8/ 6;1 udkzwfyg)/ bk&m;ocif

vufoifhcH&ef vlwdkYonf ynwfawmfapmihf&efrvdktyfcJhaomf tb,f

aMumihfolwdkYonf rnfodkYtouf&Sifonfta&;udpöü ylyef&rnfenf;

[lí tjypfwifolrsm;&SdaMumif;jyMuonf/ vlomonfvnf; tvm;wl

pGyfpGJcsufrsm;udk&ifqdkifcJh&onf/

,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfom ajzmihfrwf&ma&mufonf[laom,HkMunf

csufonf tjypftûytrludktm;ay;onf[laompGyfpGJcsufudk aygvk

onf rnfuJhodkYwHkYjyefoenf;/ *vmwd 2;17?18/

aygvkonf olY&efbufrsm;\pGyfpGJcsufudk ]]xdkodkYrjzpf&m}}

[laom jyif;xefonfhpum;vHk;rsm;jzihfwHkYjyefonf/ vlwpfOD;onf

c&pfawmfxHodkYa&mufvmNyD;aemufydkif; tjypfw&m;xJodkYusa&mufEkdifajc

&Sdaomfvnf;? c&pfawmfü þt&mtwGufwm0efvHk;0r&Sdacs/ tu,fí

uREfkyfwdkYonf ynwfawmfudkusL;vGefcJhaomf? uREfkyfwdkYudk,fwkdif ynwf

csKd;azmufolrsm;jzpfonf/

aygvkonf rdrd\a,½Ic&pfawmfESihfaygif;pnf;jcif;udk rnfuJhodkY

azmfjyoenf;/ olY&efbufrsm;\uefYuGufcsufrsm;udk þtajzurnfonfh

enf;jzihfacsyoenf;/ (*vmwd 2;19-21)/

rdrd&efbufrsm;\taMumif;jycsufudk ,kwådr&Sd? &,farmzG,f&m

omjzpfonf[k aygvk½Ijrifonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf c&pfawmfudkvufcH

jcif;onf tao;tzGJr[kwfyg/ vlwpfOD;\touf&SifaexdkifyHkwGif

ppfrSefaomajymif;vJrIr&SdbJ? bk&m;ocifonf xdkoludkajzmihfrwfoltjzpf

rSwf,lawmfrlonf[laom ,Hkwrf;pum;rsKd;r[kwfacs/ tjcm;wpfzuf

rSm? ,HkMunfjcif;jzihf c&pfawmfudkvufcHjcif;onf vGefpGmtajccHus

onf/ ¤if;wGif c&pfawmfESihftjynfht0aygif;pnf;jcif;jzpfaom udk,fawmf

\aojcif;ESihfxajrmufjcif;ESpfckpvHk;wGif aygif;pnf;jcif;yg0ifonf/

0dnmOfydkif;t&ajym&vQif aygvku uREfkyfwdkYonf c&pfawmfESihftwl

taoowfcH&NyD;? uREfkyfwdkY\wpfudk,faumif;qef? twåwdkYonf

tqHk;owfNyD[kajymqdkonf (a&mr 6;5-14)/ uREfkyfwdkYonf twdwfu

tjypfESihfvHk;0uGJoGm;NyDjzpfonf/ t&m&monftopfjzpfvmonf

53 54

(2aum 5;17)/ uREfkyfwdkYonf c&pfawmfütopfaomtoufwmjzihf

xajrmufNyD;vnf;jzpfonf/ xajrmufawmfrlaomc&pfawmfonf uREfkyf

wdkYtxJütouf&Sifum? udk,fawmfESihfomíomíwlatmif uREfkyfwdkYtm;

aeYpOfûyjyifawmfrlonf/

xdkaMumihf c&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;onf tjypfûyvkyf&eftaMumif;

jycsufr[kwfbJ? ynwfw&m;udktajccHonfhbmomw&m;wGifawGU&onf

xuf omíeufeJ<u,f0aomc&pfawmfESihfqufqHa&;twGuf ac:awmf

rljcif;jzpfonf/

ynwfw&m;tusihfrygbJ ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfom u,fwif

jcif;&onf[laomt,ltqudk rnfuJhodkYoifem;vnfoenf;/ ¤if;onf

oifhtm;tjypfûy&ef taMumif;jycsufjzpfEkdifaMumif; oifpOf;pm;&mwGif

tenf;i,frQaMumuf&GHUrI&Sdovm;? (odkYr[kwf) oifaysmfygovm;/

oifhtajzonf oif\u,fwifjcif;taMumif;em;vnfoabmaygufrI

udk rnfuJhodkYazmfjyoenf;/

aomMum Zlvdkif 21



]],HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf ajzmihfrwfjcif;udkrSm;,Gif;aomt,ltqjzihf

vlwdkYtm;ajzazsmfjcif;\tEÅ&m,fudk uRefrtm; tBudrfBudrfjyocJhNyD;jzpf

onf/ pmwefonf txl;enf;vrf;jzihf þtcsufay:vlwkdYpdwfudk½IyfaxG;

ap&ef vkyfaqmifrnfjzpfaMumif; ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmuRefrtm; jyoawmfrl

NyD;jzpfonf/ bk&m;ocif\ynwfawmfudk vGefpGmawG;awmNyD; y&dowf

tm;tvGeftuRHwifqufaejcif;aMumihf um£e\,ZfuJhodkY a,½I

c&pfawmfESihfol\ynwfawmf&Sif;jycsufwdkYudkodaomtod uif;rJhvkrwwf

jzpfvmonf/ u,fwifjcif;ESihfqdkifaom a&maESm½IyfaxG;onfht,ltq

rsm;aMumihf vltrsm;onf ,HkMunfjcif;rSa0;uGmae&aMumif; uRefrudk

jyoawmfrlcJhNyD/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf w&m;a[mq&mrsm;onf rSm;,Gif;

aomenf;vrf;jzihf vlwdkYpdwfESvHk;udkvSnfhjzm;aeMuaomaMumifhjzpfonf/

uRefr\pdwfxJwGif ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmtjiif;yGm;aeaomtcsufrSm c&pfawmf

\ay;tyfonfhajzmihfrwfjcif;jzpfonf/. . .

]]us½HI;aomvlom;\taumif;qHk; aumif;aomtvkyftm;jzihf

vHk;0r&&SdEkdifonfhaumif;rIwpfckcktay: omíav;eufpGmudkifqGJ&efvnf;

aumif;? rMumcPxyfíajymqdk&efvnf;aumif;? (odkYr[kwf) vltm;vHk;

\pdwfxJwGif omíjrJjrHpGmwnfaxmif&ef vdktyfonfhtaMumif;jycsuf

r&Sdacs/ u,fwifjcif;onf a,½Ic&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfom

&&Sdonf}} (E. G. White, Faith and Work, pp. 18,19).

]]ynwfw&m;onf ajzmihfrwfjcif;udkawmif;qdkonf/ xdkaMumihf

tjypfom;onf ynwfw&m;udkta<u;wifaeonf/ odkY&mwGif olonf

xdkta<u;udkay;qyfEkdifjcif;r&Sday/ olonf ajzmihfrwfjcif;udk&&SdEkdifaom

enf;vrf;wpfckwnf;rSm ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfjzpfonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;

tm;jzihfolonf c&pfawmf\aumif;rIudk bk&m;ocifxH,lvmEkdifum?

xdktcgxm0&bk&m;onf rdrdom;awmf\em;axmifjcif;udk tjypfom;

\pm&if;wGifxnfhwGufay;awmfrlonf/ c&pfawmf\ajzmihfrwfjcif;udk

vlom;\us½HI;jcif;ae&mwGifvufcHum? NyD;aemuf bk&m;ocifonf

aemifw&aom,HkMunfoludk vufcH? tjypfvTwf? ajzmihfrwfapí olYtm;

ajzmihfrwfoluJhodkYqufcHNyD; xdkoltm; rdrdom;awmfudkcspfouJhodkY

cspfawmfrlonf}} (E. G. White, Selected Messages, book 1, p. 367).

-0-

55 56


"r®a[mif;usrf;rS,HkMunfjcif;"r®a[mif;usrf;rS,HkMunfjcif;"r®a[mif;usrf;rS,HkMunfjcif;"r®a[mif;usrf;rS,HkMunfjcif;"r®a[mif;usrf;rS,HkMunfjcif;




zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 3;1-14/ a&mr 1;2/ 4;3/ urÇm

15;6/ 12;1-3/ 0wfûy 17;11/ 2aum 5;21/



]]]]

]]]]]]opfwdkifüqGJxm;jcif;udkcH&aomolwdkif; usdefjcif;udkcH&opfwdkifüqGJxm;jcif;udkcH&aomolwdkif; usdefjcif;udkcH&

opfwdkifüqGJxm;jcif;udkcH&aomolwdkif; usdefjcif;udkcH&opfwdkifüqGJxm;jcif;udkcH&aomolwdkif; usdefjcif;udkcH&opfwdkifüqGJxm;jcif;udkcH&aomolwdkif; usdefjcif;udkcH&

aomoljzpfonf[k usrf;pmvmonfESih ftnD c&pfawmfonfaomoljzpfonf[k usrf;pmvmonfESih ftnD c&pfawmfonf

aomoljzpfonf[k usrf;pmvmonfESih ftnD c&pfawmfonfaomoljzpfonf[k usrf;pmvmonfESih ftnD c&pfawmfonfaomoljzpfonf[k usrf;pmvmonfESih ftnD c&pfawmfonf

igwdkYtwGufaMumihf usdefjcif;udkcH&aomoljzpfí igwdkYudkynwfigwdkYtwGufaMumihf usdefjcif;udkcH&aomoljzpfí igwdkYudkynwf

igwdkYtwGufaMumihf usdefjcif;udkcH&aomoljzpfí igwdkYudkynwfigwdkYtwGufaMumihf usdefjcif;udkcH&aomoljzpfí igwdkYudkynwfigwdkYtwGufaMumihf usdefjcif;udkcH&aomoljzpfí igwdkYudkynwf

w&m;\usdefjcif;rS a&G;EkwfawmfrlNyD}} (*vmwd 3;13)/w&m;\usdefjcif;rS a&G;EkwfawmfrlNyD}} (*vmwd 3;13)/

w&m;\usdefjcif;rS a&G;EkwfawmfrlNyD}} (*vmwd 3;13)/w&m;\usdefjcif;rS a&G;EkwfawmfrlNyD}} (*vmwd 3;13)/w&m;\usdefjcif;rS a&G;EkwfawmfrlNyD}} (*vmwd 3;13)/

a,musfm;av;wpfa,mufonf a&mifpHktjynfhjc,fNyD; vSypGm

wyfqifxm;aomavSuav;wpfckudkûyvkyfcJhonf/ wpfaeYrSm wpfpHk

wpfOD;onf olYavSudkcdk;cJhum olonf pdwfaomua&mufcJh&onf/

taygifqdkifa½SUudkwpfaeYjzwfoGm;&m olYavSudkawGUvdkufonf/ aysmf&Tif

pGmajy;oGm;NyD; taygifqdkif&Siftm; ]]tJ'DavSuav;uom;om;avS}} [k

ajymcJhonf/ taygifqdkif&Sifu ]]'gOD;OD;[m? OD;0,fxm;wm}} [kjyefajz

onf/ aumif;av;u ]][kwfygw,f? 'gayr,fhtJ'gom;[m? om;vkyf

wm}} [kajymjyefonf/ taygifqdkif&Sifu ]]aumif;NyD? OD;udkESpfa':vm

ay;&if om;jyef,loGm;vdkU&w,f}} [kjyefajzcJhonf/ wpfjym;rQr&Sdaom

aumifav;tzdkY ¤if;aiGyrmPmrSmtvGefrsm;aeonf/ rnfodkYyifjzpfap?

olonfavSudkjyef&,l&efqHk;jzwfum olonfjruf&dwf? a0,sm0pörsKd;pHkudk

vkyfudkifNyD; rMumrDydkufqH&&SdvmchJonf/

taygifqdkifodkYajy;oGm;NyD;? ]]om;om;avSudkjyefvdkcsifw,f}} [k

ajymcJhonf/ aiGudkay;um? rdrd\avSudk&,lcJhonf/ avSudk,lNyD;vuf

rSmwif? ayGUzuf? terf;ay;um}} om;om;jrwfEdk;wJhavSuav;&,f?

rif;udkigcspfw,f? rif;[mighOpömbJ/ rif;uESpfBudrfigh[mjzpfaew,f/

rif;udkigûyvkyfw,f? NyD;awmhtckrif;udkig0,fw,f}} [kajymcJhonf/

uREfkyfwdkYvnf; þenf;eifeifyifjzpfonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzihf

uREfkyfwdkYonf xm0&bk&m;ydkifESpfBudrfjzpf&onf/ udk,fawmfonfuREfkyf

wdkYudkzefqif;um? xdkaemuf ewfqdk;\taygifqdkifodkYa&mufoGm;cJhonf/

NyD;aemuf a,½Ionf<uqif;vmum a&TaiGtm;jzihfr[kwf? rdrd\tzdk;wef

taoG;awmftm;jzihf BuD;rm;aomwefzdk;ay;um uREfkyfwdkYtm;0,f,lawmf

rlcJhygonf/ zefqif;jcif;tm;jzihfvnf;aumif;? a&G;Ekwfjcif;tm;jzihfvnf;

aumif; uREfkyfwdkYonf udk,fawmfydkifESpfBudrfjzpfMu&onf/ (William

Moses, Tidwell, Pointed Illustration, p. 97).


ynmrJ haom*vmwdvlwd k YynmrJ haom*vmwdvlwd k Y

ynmrJ haom*vmwdvlwd k YynmrJ haom*vmwdvlwd k YynmrJ haom*vmwdvlwd k Y

*vmwd 3;1-5 ukdzwfyg/ aygvkonf olwdkYtm;ajymaom

t&mudk tusOf;csKH;yg/ rnfonfhenf;vrf;tm;jzihf uREfkyfwdkYonf

tvm;wl0dnmOfa&;tEÅ&m,f? ynwfonfomt"du0g'xJodkY usa&muf

oGm;Ekdifoenf;/

]]ynmrJhaom}} *vmwdvlwdkYtaMumif; tcef;i,f 1 rSaygvk

oHk;aompum;vHk;\t"dyÜg,fudktrdzrf;&ef acwfopfbmomjyefqdkrIrsm;

pGmjzihf êud;pm;Muonf/ Greek vdkaygvktoHk;ûyaompum;vHk;trSefrSm

xdkxufyifjyif;xefaeao;onf/ ¤if;pum;vHk;rSm anoetoi jzpfNyD;? pdwfESvHk;

(nous) [laompum;vHk;rSvmonf/ wdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,frSm ]]OD;aESmuf

r&Sd}} [líjzpfonf/ *vmwdvlwdkYonf rpOf;pm;cJhMuyg/ aygvkonf

57 58

xdkodkYajym½HkjzihfrauseyfEkdifacs/ olwdkYonf rdkufrJpGmûyrlaeMujcif;aMumihf

pkef;ua0? arSmfq&mwcsKdUursm; olwdkYtm;ûypm;avMuoavm[kyif

ajymqdkonf/ ]]oifwdkYudktb,folûypm;oenf;}} ola&G;cs,ftoHk;ûy

onfhpum;rsm;onf olwdkY\aemufuG,fwGif t"du&SdaeaomolrSm

ewfqdk;yifjzpfEkdifaMumif; pdwfxJüjzpfay:aponf/ (2aum 4;4)/

{0Ha*vdw&m;udk *vmwdvlwdkYpGefYy,fjcif;taMumif; aygvk

tvGefrSyifZa0Z0gjzpfapaomt&mrSm u,fwifjcif;onf c&pfawmf\

taocHawmfrljcif;wGif tjrpfwnfonfudk olwdkYodonf[laomt&m

jzpfonf/ þtcsufwGif olwdkYonf rvGJrSm;Ekdifacs/ *vmwd 3;1

wGif ]]xif&Sm;pGmjyNyD}} [lí bmomjyefqdkaompum;vHk;onf trsm;

jrifEkdif&ef&nf&G,fonfh ]]ydkpwm}} [lí wdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,f&onf/

ydkpwmudk vlxktm;aMumfjimonfht&mtm;vHk;udkazmfjy&ef toHk;ûyonf/

aygvkajymqdkonfrSm vuf0g;uyfwdkifawmfonf? ol\w&m;a[majym

jcif;\t"dutpdwftydkif;jzpfum *vmwdvlwdkYonf olwdkY\pdwfrsufpdjzihf

c&pfawmfuyfwdkifay:taoowfcH&onfudk jrifawGUMuNyD;jzpfonf[laom

tcsufjzpfonf/ (1aum 1;23/ 2;2)/ wpfenf;tm;jzihf? olajymqdkonfrSm

olwdkY\tûytrltm;jzihf olwdkYonf c&pfawmfxHrSxGufoGm;Muonf

[líjzpfonf/

xdkaemufaygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkY\vuf&SdtajctaeESihf

c&pfawmfudkpwif,HkMunfcsdefwdkYudk EdIif;,SOfjyonf/ ar;cGef;rsm;ar;um

xdkodkYEdIif;,SOfjycJhonf/ olwdkYonf rnfuJhodkY0dnmOfawmfudk&&SdcJhMu

oenf;/ qdkvdkonfrSm olwdkYonf tpürnfuJhodkYc&pf,mefjzpfvmMu

oenf;/ wpfenf;tm;jzihfqdkaomf? tb,faMumihfbk&m;ocifonf

oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfudkay;awmfrloenf;/ olwdkYonf 0dnmOfawmf

&&Sd&ef t&mwpfckckvkyfaqmifjcif;aMumihfavm/ vHk;0r[kwfyg/ xdkYtpm;?

c&pfawmfonf olwdkYtwGufvkyfaqmifNyD;cJhonfht&mtaMumif; owif;

aumif;udk olwdkYonf ,HkMunfMuaomaMumihfjzpfonf/ aumif;rGefpGm

tpûycJhMuaomfvnf;? ,ckwGifolwdkYonf rdrdwdkY\udk,fydkiftusihftay:

rSDcdk&rnf[lí rnfonfht&mu pOf;pm;apoenf;/

]]ig[mtifrwefaumif;wJhvljzpfw,f? ig[mtvGefaumif;wJh

c&pf,mefjzpfw,f/ 'D[mrvdkbl;? [dk[mvnf;rvkyfbl;}} [lípOf;pm;

cJhzl;aomtBudrfrnfrQ&SdcJhzl;oenf;/ NyD;aemuf u,fwifjcif;&&Sd&ef

wpfenf;wpfzHkjzihf vHkavmufaomaumif;rIudkûyvkyfonf[k pOf;pm;zl;

ygovm;/ xdkodkYpOf;pm;vQif rnfonfhtrSm;&Sdoenf;/

wevFm Zlvdkif 24

or®musrf;pmütajccsjcif;or®musrf;pmütajccsjcif;

or®musrf;pmütajccsjcif;or®musrf;pmütajccsjcif;or®musrf;pmütajccsjcif;

*vmwdMo0g'pmxJwGif aygvkonf ,HkMunfjcif;jzihfajzmihfrwf

&ma&mufonf[laom rdrd\{0Ha*vdw&m;udk a,½k&SvifûrdUü wrefawmf

wdkYESihf&&SdonfhoabmwlnDrIudkvnf;aumif; (*vmwd 2;1-10)? *vmwd

vlwdkYudk,fwdkif udk,fawGUtawGUtêuHudkvnf;aumif; (*vmwd 3;1-

5)? arwåm&yfcHjcif;jzihf ,cktcsdefxdumuG,faecJhonf/ *vmwd 3;6

rSpwifNyD; ,ckwGifaygvkonf rdrd\{0Ha*vdw&m;tqHk;twnfûycsuf

udk or®musrf;pm\oufaocHcsufbufodkY OD;vSnfhvmonf/ trSefrSm

*vmwd 3;6 rS 4;31 onf or®musrf;pmütajccHonfh tqifhqifh

taMumif;jycsufrsm;jzpfonf/

*vmwd 3;6-8 wGif ]]usrf;pm}} taMumif;a&;om;&mwGif

aygvkonf rnfonfht&mudkqdkvdkoenf;/ a&mr 1;2/ 4;3 udk

avhvmyg/ aygvkonf *vmwdMo0g'pmudka&;om;csdefwGif ]]"r®opf

usrf;}} r&SdcJhaMumif; owd&&efta&;BuD;onf/ aygvkonf tvsifOD;

qHk;aom"r®opfusrf;a&;om;oljzpfonf/ c&pf0ifusrf;av;usrf;xJwGif

&Sifrmukc&pf0ifudk tvsifOD;qHk;a&;cJh[ef&Sdonf/ odkYaomf &Sifrmukudk

59 60

aygvkraorD (at'D 65 wGifaygvkaoonf) tcsdefxd a&;cJh[ef

r&Sdacs/ qdkvdkonfrSm aygvkonf *vmwdMo0g'pmudka&;NyD; wpfq,fh

ig;ESpfcefYMumNyD;rSa&;cJh[ef&Sdonf/ xdkaMumihfaygvkonf usrf;pmudk

ñTef;qdk&mwGif olYpdwfxJü"r®a[mif;usrf;om&SdaecJhonf/

"r®a[mif;usrf;onf aygvk\oGefoifrIwGif ta&;BuD;aom

tcef;u@üyg0ifonf/ olonf þusrf;udkrvdktyfawmhonfhusrf;

uJhodkYr½IjrifbJ? tcGihftmPm&SdNyD; touf&Sifaombk&m;ocif\EIwfawmf

xGuftjzpfcH,lonf/ 2wdarmao 3;16 wGif ]]xdkusrf;pm&SdorQonf

bk&m;ocifrIwfoGif;awmfrlaomtm;jzihfjzpfonf}} [ka&;om;onf/

]]bk&m;ocifrIwfoGif;}} [kjyefqdkaompum;vHk;rSm theopneustos jzpf

onf/ pum;vHk;\yxrtydkif; theo onf ]]bk&m;ocif}} [kqdkvdkNyD;?

'kwd,ydkif;rSm ]]rIwfoGif;onf}} [kt"dyÜg,f&onf/ or®musrf;pmonf

]]bk&m;ocifrIwfoGif;jcif;}} jzihfjzpfvmonf/ a,½Ionf uwdxm;

awmfrlaomar&Sd,jzpfaMumif;jyo&efvnf;aumif; (a&mr 1;2)? c&pf,mef

touf&SifaexdkifyHktwGuf ñTefMum;csufay;&efvnf;aumif; (a&mr

13;8-10)? rdrdoGefoifcsufrsm;twnfjzpfaMumif;oufaojy&efvnf;

aumif; (*vmwd 3;8?9) aygvkonf or®musrf;pmudktoHk;ûyonf/

aygvkonf "r®a[mif;usrf;udk tBudrfaygif;twdtusrnfrQ

udk;um;onfudkodEdkif&efcufcJaomfvnf;? ol\twdkqHk;aomMo0g'pm

jzpfonfh wdwkESihfzdavrkefrSvGJí usefMo0g'pmtm;vHk;wGif "r®a[mif;

usrf;udkawmufavQmufudk;um;xm;onf/

*vmwd 3;6-14 udkaocsmpGmzwfyg/ þusrf;csufwGif "r®

a[mif;usrf;rS rnfonfhusrf;ydk'frsm;aygvkudk;um;onfudkazmfjyyg/ þ

t&mu "r®a[mif;usrf;onf rnfrQtcGihftmPm&Sdonfudk rnfuJhodkY

azmfjyoenf;/

or®musrf;pm\tpdwftydkif;wcsKdUonf tjcm;aomtpdwftydkif;

xuffomí ]]bk&m;rIwfoGif;jcif;}} cH&onf[k wpfcgwpfcgpOf;pm;zl;

ygoavm/ 2wdarmao 3;16 rS aygvk\azmfjycsufudkMunfhjcif;jzihf

txufyguJhodkYpOf;pm;jcif;onf rnfonfhtEÅ&m,f&Sdoenf;/

t*Fg Zlvdkif 25

ajzmih frwfoluJ hod k Yr Swf,lonfajzmih frwfoluJ hod k Yr Swf,lonf

ajzmih frwfoluJ hod k Yr Swf,lonfajzmih frwfoluJ hod k Yr Swf,lonfajzmih frwfoluJ hod k Yr Swf,lonf

rdrd\{0Ha*vdowif;pum;cdkifvHkap&ef or®musrf;pmudkudk;um;

Munfh½I&mwGif aygvkonf tb,faMumihftmjA[HudktvsifOD;qHk;êuduf

ESpfoufoenf;/ (*vmwd 3;6)/

tmjA[Honf *sL;bmomwGif t"duyk*d¾Kvfjzpfonf/ olonf

,k'trsKd;tEG,f\zcifjzpfonfomru? aygvktcsdefu ,k'vlwdkYonf

ppfrSefaom,k'wpfOD;onf rnfuJhodkYjzpf&rnf[laompHerlemtjzpf olYudk

½IjrifcJhMuonf/ rsm;pGmaomolwdkYonf ol\ay:vGifonfh xl;jcm;aom

yifudkvu©Pmonf ol\em;axmifjcif;jzpfonf[k ,HkMunfonfomru?

bk&m;ocifu olYtm;ajzmihfrwfoltjzpfaMunmjcif;onfvnf;

xdkem;axmifjcif;aMumifhjzpfonf[k ,HkMunfcJhMuonf/ trSefrSmtmjA[H

onf rdrdarG;&yfXmaeESihfrdom;pkudkausmcdkif;um? ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;udkvufcH

cJhonf/ NyD;aemuf bk&m;ocif\trdefYawmftwkdif; rdrd\om;udk,Zf

ylaZmf&efyif pdwfqE&SdaecJhonf/ þt&monf em;axmifjcif;jzpfonf/

ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;udpöESihfywfoufí ravQmhwrf;ajymqdkrIjzihf aygvkudk

qefYusifolwdkYonf þtcsufudkyiftaMumif;jyjiif;qdkcJhMuonf/

odkYaomfjim;vnf; aygvkonf þtcsufudkyif ajymif;jyefvSef

um? ynwfapmihfjcif;aMumihfr[kwfbJ ,HkMunfjcif;aMumihfjzpfaMumif;

Oyrmtjzpf tmjA[Hudk *vmwdMo0g'pmwGif udk;BudrftoHk;ûyonf/

61 62

aygvkonf urÇmOD;usrf; 15;6 udkudk;um;onfudkavhvmyg/

tmjA[H\ ]],HkMunfjcif;udkajzmihfrwfjcif;uJhodkYrSwf,lawmfrl\}} [laom

ajymqdkcsufonf rnfonfht"dyÜg,f&Sdoenf;/ (a&mr 4;3-6?8-11?22-

24 wdkYudkvnf;zwfyg/)

ajzmihfrwfjcif;[laompum;vHk;rSm Oya'e,fy,frSqGJ,loHk;pGJjcif;

jzpfNyD;? a&wGufonf (odkYr[kwf) wGufcsufonf[laompum;vHk;rSm

pD;yGm;a&;e,fy,frSqGJ,loHk;jcif;jzpfonf/ ]]wpfpHkwpfOD;\bPfpm&if;wGif

aiGxnfhay;onf}} [laomt"dyÜg,frsKd;&Sdonf/ þt&mudk *vmwd

3;6 wGif tmjA[HESihfomwGJoHk;jcif;r[kwfbJ? a&S;bdk;ab;rsm;ESihfvnf;

wGJvsuf (11) BudrftoHk;ûyonf/ or®musrf;pmbmomjyeftcsKdUwGif

¤if;udka&wGufonf? wGufcsufonf (odkYr[kwf) rSwf,lonf[lí

bmomjyefqdkxm;onf/

aygvk\Oypmt&? uREfkyf\bPfpm&if;wGifxnfhay;vdkufaom

t&mrSm ajzmihfrwfjcif;jzpfonf/ odkYaomfvnf; ar;cGef;rSm? ]]rnfonfh

t&may:tajccHNyD; bk&m;ocifonfuREfkyfwdkYtm; ajzmihfrwfoluJhodkY

a&wGufawmfrloenf;}} jzpfonf/ aygvkudkqefYusifolrsm; rnfuJhodkY

yifajymqdkapumrl ¤if;onf em;axmifjcif;udktrSeftajcrûyEkdifacs/

tmjA[H\em;axmifjcif;taMumif; rnfuJhodkYyifajymapumrl? tmjA[H

\,HkMunfjcif;aMumihf bk&m;ocifonf olYtm;ajzmihfrwfoluJhodkY rSwf,l

awmfrlonf[k or®musrf;pmüazmfjyxm;onf/

tmjA[H\em;axmifjcif;onf olYajzmihfrwfjcif;\tajctjrpf

r[kwfaMumif; or®musrf;pmu &Sif;vif;pGmazmfjyonf/ xdkYtpm;

em;axmifjcif;onf ,HkMunfjcif;\toD;jzpfonf/ ajzmihfrwfjcif;&&Sd&ef

em;axmifcJhjcif;r[kwfyg/ olonf ajzmihfrwf&modkYa&muf&SdNyD;jzpfaom

aMumihf em;axmifvdkufavQmufjcif;jzpfonf/ ajzmihfrwfjcif;onf em;axmif

jcif;odkYydkYaqmifay;onf/ tjyeftvSefrsKd;r[kwfyg/

oifonf oifûyvkyfonfht&mwpfckckaMumihfr[kwfbJ c&pfawmf

onf oifhtwGufvkyfaqmifcJhNyD;onfht&mtm;jzihf ajzmihfrwf&modkYa&muf

onf[laomt&müwnfaeyg/ tb,faMumihf¤if;onf aumif;aom

owif;jzpfoenf;/ ,ciftcsdefESihf,ckyifvQif oifonf rnfrQyif½kef;uef

ae&apumrl txufygtcsufudk oifhtoufwmwGiftoHk;csum?

¤if;trSefw&m;udk oifhudk,fydkifjzpfap&ef rnfuJhodkYoif,lEkdifrnfenf;/

Ak'¨[l; Zlvdkif 26

"r®a[mif;usrf;xJu{0Ha*vdw&m;"r®a[mif;usrf;xJu{0Ha*vdw&m;

"r®a[mif;usrf;xJu{0Ha*vdw&m;"r®a[mif;usrf;xJu{0Ha*vdw&m;"r®a[mif;usrf;xJu{0Ha*vdw&m;

]]bk&m;ocifonf ,HkMunfjcif;udkaxmufí? wpfyg;trsKd;om;

wdkYudk ajzmihfrwf&müwnfapawmfrlrnf[k usrf;pmonfajrmfjrifvsuf?

tmjA[Htm;trdefY&Sdí? oifhtm;jzihfvlrsKd;taygif;wdkYonf aumif;csD;r*Fvm

udkcH&Muvdrfhrnf[k {0Ha*vdw&m;udka[mESihfav\}} (*vmwd 3;8)/

{0Ha*vdw&m;udk tmjA[Htm;a[monfomrubJ? {0Ha*vdw&m;udk

a[molrSm bk&m;ocifyifjzpfonf/ xdkodkYjzpfrSom ppfrSefaom{0Ha*vd

w&m;jzpf&ayrnf/ odkYaomf bk&m;ocifonf tmjA[Htm; rnfonfh

tcsdefu w&m;a[mawmfrlcJhoenf;/ urÇmOD;usrf; 12;3 udkaygvk

udk;um;jcif;onf urÇmOD;usrf; 12;1-3 wGif olYudkac:awmfrlpOf

bk&m;ocifonf tmjA[HESihftwlûyaomy#dnmOfudk pdwfxJüxm;&SdaMumif;

jyoonf/

urÇmOD;usrf; 12;1-3 udkzwfyg/ þusrf;ydk'fonf tmjA[H

ESihftwlbk&m;ocifûyawmfrlaom y#dnmOf\oabmobm0taMumif;udk

rnfuJhodkYazmfjyoenf;/

tmjA[HESihfûyaom bk&m;ocifhy#dnmOf\tajccHrS olYtm;

bk&m;ocifuwday;awmfrlonfhtay:A[dkûyonf/ bk&m;ocifonf

tmjA[Htm; ]]igûyvkyfrnf}} [kav;BudrfrdefYawmfrlonf/ tmjA[Hudk

6463

ay;aom bk&m;ocif\uwdawmfrsm;rSm vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;wpfzufowf

jzpfaeaomaMumihf tHhMop&maumif;onf/ bk&m;ocifonf tvHk;pHk

uwday;awmfrlNyD;? tmjA[Honf rnfonfhuwdrQray;acs/ þt&m

onf vltrsm;pku bk&m;ocifESihfqufqH&ef êud;pm;onfhyHkpHESihfqefYusif

aeonf/ tu,fíudk,fawmfonf uREkfyfwdkYtwGuf wpfpHkwpfckudk

ûyvkyfay;rSom udk,fawmf\0wfudkûyygrnf[k uwday;aeusjzpfonf/

odkYaomf xdkt&mrSynwfudkt"duxm;onfh0g'yifjzpfonf/ bk&m;ocif

onf tmjA[Htm;uwdwpfckckay;&efrawmif;qdkbJ? ,HkMunfjcif;jzihf

rdrd\uwdrsm;udkvufcH&efomawmif;qdkonf/ trSefrSm xdkt&monf

vG,fulonfhtvkyfr[kwfacs/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf tmjA[Honf

rdrdudk,fudkr[kwfbJ? bk&m;ocifudkvHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;,HkMunftm;udk;&ef

oif,l&ygrnf/ (urÇmOD; 22 udkzwfyg/) xdkaMumihf tmjA[Hudkac:

awmfrljcif;onf {0Ha*vdw&m;\tESpfom&jzpfaom ,HkMunfjcif;tm;

jzihf u,fwifjcif;jzpfaMumif;udkjyoonf/

wcsKdUaomolwdkYu or®musrf;pmonf u,fwifjcif;vrf;ESpfoG,f

udkoifay;onf[k rSm;,Gif;pGmaumufcsufcsMuonf/ olwdkYu "r®a[mif;

usrf;tcsdefwGif u,fwifjcif;onf ynwfawmfudkapmihfa&Smufjcif;tay:

tajccHum? NyD;aemuf ¤if;enf;vrf;rSm aumif;pGmtvkyfrjzpfaomaMumihf

bk&m;ocifonf ynwfawmfudky,fzsufNyD;? ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf

u,fwifjcif;&Edkifaponf[k ajymqdkMuonf/ þt&mrSm or®mw&m;

rSa0;uGmaeonf/ aygvkonf *vmwd 1;7 wGifa&;cJhouJhodkY {0Ha*vd

w&m;wpfckwnf;om&Sdonf/

,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfomu,fwifjcif;udk "r®a[mif;usrf;wGif

rnfonfhOyrmrsm;udk oifawGU&Sdoenf;/ Oyrm- 0wfûy 17;11/

qmvH 32;1-5/ 2&m 12;1-13/ Zmc&d 3;1-4 wdkYudkzwfyg/

]]aps;aygaygu½kPm}} udk uREfkyfwdkYrMumcPMum;Muonf/

onfhtjyif¤if;rSm vGJrSm;Edkifaompum;vHk;jzpfonf/ u½kPmonf

aps;aygonfr[kwf? ¤if;onftcrJhjzpfonf/ odkYaomfvnf; ¤if;üuREfkyf

wdkY\tusihfrsm;udkaygif;xnfhí&onf[k pOf;pm;csdef (odkYr[kwf) tjypf

ûy&efqifjciftjzpf toHk;ûyí&onf[k uREfkyfwdkYpOf;pm;csdefwGif uREfkyf

wdkYonf u½kPmudkysufpD;apMuonf/ oifhudk,fydkiftawGUtêuHü þ

enf;vrf;ESpfckxJrS rnfonfhvrf;bufodkY,dkifeJYoenf;/ ¤if;udkrnfuJhodkY

&yfwefYEdkifrnfenf;/

Mumoyaw; Zlvdkif 27

usdefjcif;rSa&G;Ekwfjcif; (*vmwd 3;9-14)usdefjcif;rSa&G;Ekwfjcif; (*vmwd 3;9-14)

usdefjcif;rSa&G;Ekwfjcif; (*vmwd 3;9-14)usdefjcif;rSa&G;Ekwfjcif; (*vmwd 3;9-14)usdefjcif;rSa&G;Ekwfjcif; (*vmwd 3;9-14)

aygvkudkqefYusifolwdkYonf *vmwd 3;10 rS ol\&J&ifhaom

pum;vHk;rsm;tm;jzihf Muufaoaoavmufonf/ olwdkYudk,fwdkifusdefjcif;

atmufwGifa&mufaernfudk trSefyifpOf;pm;Murnfr[kwfacs/ wpfckck

rsm;&SdcJhaomf olwdkY\em;axmifjcif;twGuf aumif;csD;cH&rnf[karQmfvihf

cJhMuonf/ odkYaomf aygvkonf twdtvif;ajymqdkonfrSm ]]ynwf

w&m;\tusihfudktrSDûyaomol&SdorQwdkYonf usdefjcif;ESihfpyfqdkifMu\/

taMumif;rlum;? ynwådusrf;pmüygorQaompum;wdkYukd tjrJrusihf

aomolwdkif; usdefawmfrljcif;udkcHapownf;[k usrf;pmvm\/}}

aygvkonf ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfu,fwifjcif;ESihf tusifhtm;

jzihfu,fwifjcif;[laom vHk;0jcm;em;onfha&G;cs,fp&mESpfckudk EdIif;,SOf

jyonf/ w&m;a[m&musrf; 27 ESifh 28 wGifazmfjyonfh y#dnmOf

ESihfqdkifaomaumif;csD;r*Fvmrsm;ESihfusdefjcif;rsm;onf &Sif;aeayonf/

em;axmifaomolonf aumif;csD;cH&rnfjzpfum? em;raxmifaomolwdkY

rlum; usdefjcif;cH&rnf/ qdkvdkonfrSm tu,fí wpfpHkwpfOD;onf

bk&m;ocifvufcHEkdif&eftwGuf em;axmifjcif;tay:trSDûyvdkvQif? ynwf

6665

F- 5

w&m;wpfckvHk;udk apmihfa&Smuf&ayvdrfhrnf/ rdrdwdkYvdkufavQmufcsifonfh

t&mudk aumufEkwfa&G;,lí uREfkyfwdkYü vGwfvyfpGmvkyfydkifcGihfr&Sdacs/

(odkYr[kwf) 'Dae&m? [dkae&mrS trSm;tenf;i,fudktjypfr,lbJ

bk&m;ocifonf cGihfvTwfvdkpdwf&Sdawmfrlonf[k uREfkyfwdkYr,lqtyfacs/

tukefrvdkufavQmufvQif wpfckrQrvdkufjcif;ESihftwlwlyifjzpfonf/

trSefrSm þowif;pum;onf wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;twGuf

omru? aygvkudkqefYusifonfhynwfudkom t"duxm;aomolwdkY

twGufvnf; owif;qdk;jzpfonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf? uREfkyfwdkY

onf ]]'kp½dkufudkûyí bk&m;ocifa½SUawmfütoa&ysufMuNyD}} (a&mr

3;23)/ aumif;atmifrnfrQyifuREfkyfwdkYêud;pm;aomfvnf;? ynwfw&m;

onf uREfkyfwdkYtm;ynwfusL;vGefolrsm;tjzpfomvQifjypfwifonf/

c&pfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkYtm; ynwfw&m;\usdefjcif;rS rnfuJhodkY

u,fwifoenf;/ *vmwd 3;13/ 2aum 5;21 wdkYudkzwfyg/

bk&m;ocifonf c&pfawmfü uREfkyfwdkYtwGufvkyfaqmifNyD;

awmfrlcJhaomt&mudk&Sif;jy&ef aygvkonf tjcm;OyrmudktoHk;ûyonf/

]]a&G;Ekwfonf}} [laompum;vHk;\t"dyÜg,frSm ]]jyef0,f,lonf}} jzpf

onf/ ¤if;udk "m;pmcHrsm;vTwf&ef jyefay;aiG (odkYr[kwf) uRefwpfOD;

vTwfNidrf;&ef wefzdk;aiGay;jcif;wdkYütoHk;ûyonf/ tjypf\tzdk;tconf

aojcif;jzpfaomaMumihf ynwfw&m;udkusL;vGefjcif;\usdefjcif;onf

ao'PfrMumcPjzpfaewwfonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\u,fwifjcif;twGuf

jyefay;aiGonf rrIavmufaomt&mr[kwfacs/ bk&m;ocifonf rdrd

om;awmf\toufudkay;&onftxd wefzdk;BuD;onf/ (a,m[ef 3;16)/

uREfkyfwdkY\tjypfo,faqmifoljzpfvmjcif;jzihf a,½Ionf usdefjcif;rS

uREfkyfwdkYtm; jyefay;a&G;,lawmfrlcJhonf/ (1aum 6;20/ 7;23)/

udk,fawmfonf rdrdqE´tavsmuf uREfkyfwdkY\usdefjcif;udk rdrdudk,fay:

odkY,laqmifum? uREkfyfwdkYudk,fpm; tjypf\jypf'PftvHk;pHkudkcHpm;

awmfrlcJhonf/ (2aum 5;21)/

aygvkonf or®musrf;pm\oufaotjzpf w&m;a[m&musrf;

21;23 ukd udk;um;onf/ ,k'xHk;wrf;pOfvmt&? vlwpfOD;onf

towfcH&NyD;aemuf ol\tavmif;udk opfyifwGifqGJxm;vQif bk&m;ocif

\usdefjcif;cH&jcif;jzpfonf/ vuf0g;uyfwdkifay:wGif a,½Iaojcif;udk

þusdefjcif;\erlemtjzpf ½IjrifMuonf (wref 5;30/ 1ay 2;24)/

xdkaMumihf ar&Sd,onf bk&m;ocif\usdefjcif;udkcHonf[laom

t,ltqudk oabmraygufEkdifaom,k'vlwcsKdUtwGuf vuf0g;

uyfwdkifonf cvkwfwHoif;jzpfcJh&onf/ odkYaomf þt&monf

bk&m;ocif\tMuHtpnftwdtusyifjzpfonf/ rSefygonf? ar&Sd,

onf usdefjcif;udkcHawmfrlcJhonf/ odkYaomf ¤if;rSmrdrd\usdefjcif;r[kwf

bJ? uREfkyfwdkY\usdefjcif;yifjzpfonf/

aomMum Zlvdkif 28



]]uREfkyfwdkYtwGuftpm;xdk;jzpf½Hkru tmrcHwpfOD;vnf;jzpfawmf

rlaomc&pfawmftay:wGif uREfkyfwdkY\'kp½dkufrsm;pkyHkcJhMuonf/ ynwf

w&m;\pD&ifjcif;rS uREfkyfwdkYtm;a&G;EkwfEkdif&eftvdkYiSm udk,fawmfonf

ynwfusL;vGefoltjzpf rSwf,ljcif;cHcJh&onf/ tm'H\om;ajr;rsm;

usL;vGefcJhonfhtjypfonf udk,fawmf\pdwfESvHk;udkzdpD;vsuf&Sdonf/

'kp½dkufudkrESpfûrdUaMumif;xif&Sm;aponfh aMumufrufzG,fbk&m;ocif\

trsufawmfonf om;awmf\pdwfESvHk;awmfü xdwfvefYrIrsm;jzihfjynfh0

apcJhonf/ c&pfawmfonf crnf;awmfbk&m;\u½kPmESihf tjypfvTwf

wwfonfh r[marwåmawmftaMumif;udk toufwmwpfavQmufvHk;wGif

vlom;rsm;tm; zGihf[rdefY>rufawmfrlcJhonf/ tjypftrsm;qHk;aomoludk

67 68

u,fwif&efrSm udk,fawmf\OD;wnfcsufjzpfonf/ odkYaomf,ckwGif

tvGefav;vHvSaomtjypf0efrsm;u rdrdtm;zdpD;aomaMumihf crnf;awmf

\&efNidrf;aomrsufESmawmfudk rjrifEkdifawmhacs/ ,ckuJhodkY ylyifaomu

tjyif;txefawmufavmifaeaom þtcsdeftcgrsKd;wGif bk&m;ocif\

rsufESmawmfvGJjcif;cH&ojzihf udk,fawmf\ESvHk;om;onf rnfonfhtcg

rQvlom;rsm;taejzihf jynfhpHkpGmem;rvnfEkdifonfh0rf;enf;rIjzihf xdk;azmuf

jcif;cHawmfrlonf/ pdwfESvHk;aMuuGJrIonf tvGefjyif;xefvSojzihf

cE¨mudk,f\emusifrIudkcHpm;zdkYyif arhavsmhaecJhonf}} (DA, p. 753).

,ckvlomonf or®mw&m;\csefyD,HuJhodkY rdrd\tvkyfudk

&J0hHpGmpwifcJhonf/ ol\pdwftm;xufoefNyD;? av;eufaomowday;

onfhtoHudk w&m;a[mpifjrifhay:rSxGufay:vmcJhonf/ olonf vlwdkY

\a½SUwGif tjypfw&m;\pufqkyfzG,f&mp½dkufudkcsjyum? tjypf'Pfudk

avsmhyg;ap&ef (odkYr[kwf) a&Smifwdrf;&ef vlonf rdrd\tusihftm;

jzihf vkyfaqmifír&EkdifaMumif; olwdkYtm;oGefoifcJhonf/ bk&m;ocif

xHaemifw&í c&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;rSwpfyg; tjypfom;udku,fwif

Edkifonfht&m bmrQr&dSacs/ c&pfawmf\u½kPmudk0,f,lír&yg/

¤if;onf tzdk;rJhvufaqmifjzpfonf/ olonf vlwdkYtm;tjypfajzjcif;

vufrSwfudkr0,f,lapbJ? taoowfcH&aoma&G;Ekwf&Sifudk,HkMunfjcif;

jzihfMunfh&eftMuHûyonf/ (GC, p. 129).

-0-


uwdawmfudkOD;pm;ay;jcif;uwdawmfudkOD;pm;ay;jcif;uwdawmfudkOD;pm;ay;jcif;uwdawmfudkOD;pm;ay;jcif;uwdawmfudkOD;pm;ay;jcif;

Zlvdkif 29 - Mo*kwf 4Zlvdkif 29 - Mo*kwf 4Zlvdkif 29 - Mo*kwf 4Zlvdkif 29 - Mo*kwf 4Zlvdkif 29 - Mo*kwf 4

OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif; Zlvdkif 29 Zlvdkif 29 Zlvdkif 29 Zlvdkif 29 Zlvdkif 29


zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 3;15-20/ urÇm 9;11-17/ róJ

5;17-20/ xGuf 16;22-26/ urÇm 15;1-6/



]]xdkrSwpfyg;? tarGawmfonf ynwfw&m;ESihfpyfqdkifvQif]]xdkrSwpfyg;? tarGawmfonf ynwfw&m;ESihfpyfqdkifvQif

]]xdkrSwpfyg;? tarGawmfonf ynwfw&m;ESihfpyfqdkifvQif]]xdkrSwpfyg;? tarGawmfonf ynwfw&m;ESihfpyfqdkifvQif]]xdkrSwpfyg;? tarGawmfonf ynwfw&m;ESihfpyfqdkifvQif

uwdawmfESih frpyfqd kif/ bk&m;ocifonf uwdawmftm;jzih fuwdawmfESih frpyfqd kif/ bk&m;ocifonf uwdawmftm;jzih f

uwdawmfESih frpyfqd kif/ bk&m;ocifonf uwdawmftm;jzih fuwdawmfESih frpyfqd kif/ bk&m;ocifonf uwdawmftm;jzih fuwdawmfESih frpyfqd kif/ bk&m;ocifonf uwdawmftm;jzih f

tmjA[Htm; xdktarGawmfudkoem;awmfrl\}} (*vmwd 3;18)/tmjA[Htm; xdktarGawmfudkoem;awmfrl\}} (*vmwd 3;18)/

tmjA[Htm; xdktarGawmfudkoem;awmfrl\}} (*vmwd 3;18)/tmjA[Htm; xdktarGawmfudkoem;awmfrl\}} (*vmwd 3;18)/tmjA[Htm; xdktarGawmfudkoem;awmfrl\}} (*vmwd 3;18)/

wpfcgu vlwpfOD;onf EkdifiHa&;orm;tm; ]]cifAsm;rJqG,f

wkef;uay;cJhwJhuwdtm;vHk;udkwnfcJhovm;}} [kar;cJhonf/ olu

]]aumif;NyD? tenf;qHk;wnfzdkY&nf&G,fcJhwJhuwdawGudkawmhwnfygw,f}}

[kjyefwHkYjyefcJhonf/

wpfcgr[kwfwpfcg uwdrysufbl;aomol&Sdoavm/ rdrday;

aomuwd (odkYr[kwf) rdrdtm;ay;aomuwdysufonfrsm;udk rêuHbl;

ol&Sdoavm/

wpfcgwpf&HvlwcsKdUwdkYonf uwdwnfrnfjzpfaMumif; &nf&G,f

csuftjynfhjzihf uwday;wwfMuonf/ odkYaomf aemufydkif;wGif uwd

ysufoGm;&onf/ wcsKdUwdkYrlum; EIwfjzihfjzpfap? pmjzihfjzpfap? vdrfvnf

uwday;wwfMujyefonf/

uHaumif;axmufrpGm uREfkyfwdkYtwGufrl? bk&m;ocif\uwd

awmfrsm;onf vHk;0jcm;em;onf/ bk&m;ocif\EIwfawmfxGufpum;

69 70

onfaocsmNyD;? ajymif;vJrIr&Sdacs/ ]]igonfEIwfxGuftwkdif;ûyrnf/

MuHonftwkdif;pD&ifrnf}} (a[&Sm 46;11)/

þtywfoifcef;pmwGif? aygvkonf uREfkyfwdkY\tm½Hkudk

tmjA[Hudkay;aom bk&m;ocif\uwdawmfESihf ESpfaygif; 430 MumNyD;

rSay;aomynwfawmfwdkYtMum; qufpyfrIbufodkYOD;vSnfhay;onf/

¤if;wdkYESpfck\qufpyfrIudk rnfuJhodkYem;vnf&rnfenf;/ {0Ha*vdw&m;

udka[mMum;&eftwGuf ¤if;onf rnfonfhyg0ifywfoufrI&Sdoenf;/


ynwfw&m;ESih f,H k Munfjcif;ynwfw&m;ESih f,H k Munfjcif;

ynwfw&m;ESih f,H k Munfjcif;ynwfw&m;ESih f,H k Munfjcif;ynwfw&m;ESih f,H k Munfjcif;

tu,fí olYudkqefYusifolwdkYu tmjA[H\toufwmonf

,HkMunfjcif;toufwmyifjzpfonf[k 0efcHcJhrnfqdkvQifvnf;? tb,f

aMumihfbk&m;ocifonf tmjA[HtNyD;av;&mpkESpfrQausmfvGefNyD;aemuf

£oa&vwdkYtm; ynwfw&m;udkay;oenf;[kar;vmMurnfudk aygvk

odaecJhonf/ ynwfw&m;udkay;jcif;onf tvsifutpDtpOfudky,fzsuf

onfr[kwfoavm/

vlwpfOD;\aemufqHk;aowrf;pmESihf tmjA[HESihfûyaombk&m;ocif

\y#dnmOftMum; aygvkEdIif;,SOfjcif;\t"dutcsufonf tb,fenf;/

(*vmwd 3;15-18)/

y#dnmOfESihfaowrf;pmwdkYonf tMurf;tm;jzihfjcm;em;onf/

y#dnmOfrSm xHk;pHtwdkif;vlESpfOD; (odkYr[kwf) omírsm;aomvlwdkYtMum;

oabmwlnDrIjzpfNyD;? ¤if;udk ]]oabmwlpmcsKyf}} [k rMumcPac:qdk

Muonf/ þt&mESihfqefYusifNyD; aowrf;pmrlum;? vlwpfOD;wnf;\

aMunmcsufpmwrf;jzpfonf/ Greek bmomjyef"r®a[mif;usrf;wGif

tmjA[Htm; bk&m;ocify#dnmOfûyonf[laompum;vHk;udk tjyeftvSef

oabmwlnDrI (odkYr[kwf) oabmwlpmcsKyf[kt"dyÜg,f&onfh Greek

pum;vHk; (Syntheke) jzihf b,faomtcgrQbmomjyefqdkjcif;r&Sdacs/

xdkYtpm;? oufaotaxmuftxm; (odkYr[kwf) aowrf;pm (diatheke)

[líbmomjyefqdkonf/ tb,faMumihfenf;/ tmjA[Htm;bk&m;ocif

ûyaomy#dnmOfrSm tjyeftvSefuwdûyMuonfholwdkYESpfOD;Mum; oabmwl

pmcsKyfr[kwfaMumif;udk bmomjyefolwdkYonf odaeMuaomaMumihfjzpf

Ekdifonf/ þtcsufESihfqefYusifNyD; bk&m;ocif\y#dnmOfonf rdrd

udk,fydkifvdktifqE´tay:wGif wnfrSDaeonf/ ]]tu,fírsm;}} ]]odkYjzpf

vQif}} ]]odkYr[kwf}} ]]odkYaomf}} [laomtajctaersKd;ay:wGiftajcrcHacs/

tmjA[Honf bk&m;ocif\EIwfxGufpum;awmfudk em;axmif½Hkom

jzpfonf/

tmjA[Hüûyonfh bk&m;ocifhy#dnmOf\t*Fg&yftwdtusudk

rD;armif;xdk;jy&eftvdkYiSm? aygvkonf ]]aowrf;pm}} ESihf ]]y#dnmOf}}

wdkY\t"dyÜg,fESpfrsKd;aumuf,lonf/ vlom;\aowrf;pm½IaxmihfrS

Munfhaomf? bk&m;ocif\uwdawmfonf twdtustusKd;cHpm;cGihf&Sd

oltmjA[HESihf ol\om;orD;rsm;ESihfoufqdkifum (urÇm 12;1-5/

*vmwd 3;16) tarGqufcHjcif;tcGihfvnf;yg0ifonf (urÇm 13;15/

17;8/ a&mr 4;13/ *vmwd 3;29)/ aygvktwGufta&;BuD;qHk;aom

t&mrSm rajymif;vJaombk&m;ocifhuwdawmf\oabmobm0jzpfonf/

þenf;twkdif;yif wpfpHkwpfOD;\aowrf;pmudka&;ítwnfûyNyD;vQif

ajymif;vJír&awmhouJhodkY arma&SrSwpfqifh ynwfw&m;udkay;tyfjcif;

onf ,ciftmjA[HESihfûyaom bk&m;ocif\y#dnmOfudk vG,fvG,f

y,fzsufír&awmhacs/ bk&m;ocif\y#dnmOfonf uwdawmfjzpfí

(*vmwd 3;16)? bk&m;ocifonf rnfonfhenf;ESihfrQ uwdcsKd;zsufol

rjzpfEkdifacs (a[&Sm 46;11/ a[jAJ 6;18)/

atmufygay;xm;aomusrf;ydk'frsm;rS ]]y#dnmOf}} [laompum;

vHk;udk ]]uwdawmf}} jzihftpm;xdk;yg/ usrf;ydk'fwpfckpDrS ]]y#dnmOf}} \

7271

oabmobm0onftb,fenf;/ bk&m;ocif\y#dnmOfudk uwdawmf

uJhodkYem;vnfoabmaygufjcif;onf usrf;ydk'f\t"dyÜg,fudk rnfuJhodkY

omí&Sif;vif;apoenf;/ NyD;aemuf¤if;onf y#dnmOfonfbmjzpfonf

udk omíem;vnfapEkdifoenf;/ (urÇm 9;11-17/ 15;18/ 17;1-

21)/ þt&monf bk&m;ocif\pm&dwåawmftaMumif;udkvnf; uREfkyf

wdkYtm;rnfuJhodkYoifay;NyD; udk,fawmftm;rnfuJhodkY,HkMunfudk;pm;Ekdif

rnfenf;/

wevFm Zlvdkif 31

,HkMunfjcif;ESih fynwfw&m; (a&mr 3;31),HkMunfjcif;ESih fynwfw&m; (a&mr 3;31)

,HkMunfjcif;ESih fynwfw&m; (a&mr 3;31),HkMunfjcif;ESih fynwfw&m; (a&mr 3;31),HkMunfjcif;ESih fynwfw&m; (a&mr 3;31)

vlwpfOD;\bk&m;ocifESihftwlqufqHa&;wGif ,HkMunfjcif;onf

t"dujzpfaMumif;udk aygvkonf jyif;jyif;xefxef&nfñTef;cJhNyD;jzpfonf/

ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;jzpfap? ]]ynwfw&m;\tusihf}} wpfckckjzpfap? ¤if;wdkY

onf u,fwifjcif;twGufr&Sdrjzpfvdktyfcsufr[kwfaMumif; aygvk

tzefwvJvJazmfjycJhNyD;jzpfonf/ ]]taMumif;rlum;? ynwfw&m;\tusihf

tm;jzihf tb,folrQajzmihfrwf&modkYra&mufEkdif&m}} (*vmwd 2;16)/

xdkYtjyif ,HkMunfol\t"dutrSwftom;rS ynwfw&m;\tusihfr[kwf

bJ? ,HkMunfjcif;jzpfonf/ (*vmwd 3;7)/ þynwfw&m;\tusihf

udk tzefwvJvJqefYusifajymqdkjcif;onf ]]'gqdk&ifynwfw&m;u vHk;0

wefzdk;r&Sdawmhbl;vm;/ bk&m;ocifu ynwfw&m;udky,fzsufvdkuf

NyDvm;}} [laomar;cGef;rsKd; xGuf&SdvmEkdifayonf/

u,fwifjcif;onf ynwfw&m;\tusihftm;jzihfr[kwfbJ

,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfjzpfaomaMumihf? ,HkMunfjcif;onf ynwfw&m;udk

zsufodrf;onf[k aygvkqdkvdkygovm;/ atmufygusrf;csufrsm;onf

uREfkyfwdkYtm;rnfonfht&mudkazmfjyoenf;/ a&mr 3;31 ESihf a&mr

7;7?12 udkvnf;aumif;? a&mr 8;3 ESihf róJ 5;17-20 udkvnf;aumif;

EdIif;,SOfyg/

a&mr 3 rSaygvk\taMumif;jyjiif;qdkcsufESihf uvmwdMo0g'pm

xJrS,HkMunfjcif;ESihf ynwfw&m;taMumif;aqG;aEG;csufwdkYonfwlnD

onf/ rdrd\rSwfcsuftm;jzihf vlwcsKdUu rdrdonf ,HkMunfjcif;udk

jr§ifhwif&ef ynwfw&m;udky,fzsufonf [laomaumufcsufrsKd;csEdkif

aMumif;odaeaomaMumihf aygvkonf ]]odkYjzpfvQif ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf

igwdkYonf ynwfw&m;udky,fMuoavm}} (a&mr 3;31) [kar;cJh

onf/ ]]y,fonf}} [kjyefqdkaom Greek pum;vHk;rSm katargeo jzpf

onf/ aygvkonf þpum;vHk;udkrMumcPtoHk;ûyNyD; ¤if;udk ]]zsufonf}}

(a&mr 3;3) [lívnf;aumif;? ]]ûzdzsufonf}} ({zuf 2;15) [lí

vnf;aumif;? ]]ûzef;ypfonf}} (a&mr 6;6? ESV) [lívnf;aumif;?

(odkYr[kwf) ]]zsufqD;onf}} (1aum 6;13) [líyif bmomjyefqdk

Ekdifonf/ vuf0g;uyfwdkifwGif wpfenf;enf;jzihfynwfw&m;ysufy,f

oGm;NyD[laomoabmw&m;udk aygvkonf twnfûyay;csifcJhrnf[k

qdkaomf? vlwcsKdUu aygvkonf xdkodkYoGefoifonf[kajymqdkouJhodkY

txufygtcsufudkvufcH&rnfhtcsdefyifjzpfonf/ odkYaomf? aygvkonf

xdkcH,lcsufudk jywfjywfom;om;jiif;y,f½Hkomru? rdrd\{0Ha*vdw&m;

onf trSefwu,fynwfw&m;udk ]]wnfaponf}} [kazmfjyonf/

]],HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf ajzmihfrwfjcif;[laomtpDtpOfonf tjypf

ajzjcif;udkawmif;qdkí pDpOfay;aom rdrd\ynwfw&m;udk bk&m;ocif

tav;xm;awmfrlaMumif;jyoonf/ tu,fí ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf

ajzmihfrwfjcif;onf ynwfw&m;udky,fzsufaomf? tjypfom;udkolYtjypf

rSvTwfap&ef tjypfajz&mc&pfawmf\aojcif;onf vdktyfawmhrnf

r[kwfbJ xdkaMumihf olYtm;bk&m;ocifESihfoifhjrwfap&efrvdktyfawmhacs/

73 74

]]xdkYjyifru? ppfrSefaom,HkMunfjcif;udk,fü udk,fawmf\ynwf

w&m;udkem;axmifaomtoufwmwGif bk&m;ocif\tvdkawmfudk

jznfhqnf;csifaomqE´tjynfht0&Sdonf/---u,fwif&Sifudk pdwfESvHk;

tjynfhESihfcspfjcif;ütajcûyonfh rSefuefaom,HkMunfjcif;onf em;axmif

jcif;odkYomydkYaqmifEdkifonf}} (SDA Bible Commentary, vol. 6, p. 510).

,HkMunfjcif;onf ynwfw&m;apmihf&efvdktyfcsufudky,f&Sm;

onf[k aygvkonf trSefwu,fqdkvdkvQif ol\qdkvdkcsufudkpOf;pm;

Munfhyg/ xdkodkYqdkaomf Oyrm? olYr,m;jypfrSm;jcif;? cdk;jcif; (odkYr[kwf)

vlYtoufowfjcif;yif tjypfr[kwfawmhNyDavm/ bk&m;ocif\ynwf

w&m;udkapmihfxdef;jcif;jzihf 0rf;enf;jcif;? emusifjcif;ESihfa0'emcHpm;jcif;

rsm;rSm oifudk,fwdkifcsrf;omcGihf&onfudkawG;Munfhyg/ bk&m;ocif\

ynwfw&m;udk em;raxmifjcif;\&v'ftjzpf oif (odkYr[kwf) tjcm;

olrsm;vHk;0jzwfoef;cJh&aoma0'emcHpm;rIonf tb,fenf;/

t*Fg Zlvdkif 1

ynwfawmf\&nf&G,fcsufynwfawmf\&nf&G,fcsuf

ynwfawmf\&nf&G,fcsufynwfawmf\&nf&G,fcsufynwfawmf\&nf&G,fcsuf

*vmwd 3;19-29 wGif aygvkonf ]]ynwfw&m;}} trsKd;rsKd;

udkazmfjyay;onf/ *vmwdMo0g'pm\þusrf;ydk'fwGif aygvkonf

rnfonfhynwfw&m;udk t"dutm;jzihfñTef;qdkoenf;/

tcef;i,f 19 rS ]]rjzpfrDwkdifatmif}} [laompum;pkonf

þynwfw&m;rSm ,m,DrQomjzpfaMumif;ñTefjyonf[k ,HkMunfaeaom

olwcsKdUonf þusrf;csufu&nfñTef;onfrSm 0denf;xHk;zGJUESifhqdkifaom

ynwfw&m;jzpfrnf[k awG;xifMuonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf

xdkynwfw&m;onf vuf0g;uyfwkdifwGifjynfhpHkcJhum? NyD;qHk;oGm;NyDjzpf

aomaMumihfjzpfonf/ þtcsufonf t"dyÜg,f&Sdoa,mif&Sdaomfvnf;?

*vmwdMo0g'pmwGif aygvk\qdkvdk&if;jzpf[efrwlay/ tjypfusL;vGef

jcif;aMumihf 0denf;xHk;zGJUynwfw&m;ESihf ynwfawmf 10 yg;ESpfckpvHk;

udk odemawmifay:wGif ]]xyfíay;onf}} rSefaomfvnf;? atmufyg

ar;cGef;udkavhvmjcif;jzihf aygvk\pdwfxJwGif t"du&Sdaeaomynwf

rSm ynwfawmf (10) yg;jzpfaMumif; uREfkyfwdkYawGUjrif&Murnf/

aygvkonf ynwfw&m;udkxyfíay;onf[k ajymygovm;/

rnfonfht&müxyfay;oenf;? tb,faMumihfenf;/ *vmwd 3;19

ESihf a&mr 5;13?20 wdkYudkEdIif;,SOfyg/

rlv&nf&G,fcsufudkajymif;oGm;ap&ef aowrf;pmwGifjznfhpGuf

csufrsKd;jzpfonfhtvm;? tmjA[HESihfûyaom bk&m;ocif\y#dnmOfwGif

ynwfawmfudkxyfíay;onf[k aygvkajymqdkaejcif;r[kwfyg/ ynwf

awmfonf odemawmifrwkdifrD ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmuwnf;uyif&SdaecJhonf/

(reufjzefoifcef;pmwGifMunfhyg/) xdkYtpm;? vHk;0jcm;em;aom&nf&G,f

csuftwGuf ynwfawmfudk£oa&vwdkYtm;ay;onf[k aygvkqdkvdk

onf/ ¤if;&nf&G,fcsufrSm vlwdkYtm;bk&m;ocifESifh,HkMunfjcif;jzihf

csOf;uyfvmaomvltm;vHk;udk ay;awmfrlaomudk,fawmf\u½kPmawmf

udk jyefíñTefay;&efjzpfonf/ ynwfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkY\tjypf&Sdaom

tajctaeESihf bk&m;ocif\u½kPmvdktyfrIudkazmfjyonf/ ynwf

awmfudk u,fwifjcif;&&Sd&eftwGuftpDtpOfrsKd;jzpf&ef ay;jcif;r[kwfacs/

þt&mESihfqefYusifNyD;? ynwfawmfudkay;jcif;rSm ]]jypfrSm;aomtjypf

yGm;rsm;}} (a&mr 5;20) NyD;? uREfkyfwdkY\toufwmrS tjypfudkomí

&Sif;vif;pGmjyo&ef (a&mr 7;13) jzpfaMumif; aygvkajymqdkonf/

0denf;xHk;zGJUESifhqdkifaomynwfrsm;onf ar&Sd,udkñTefjyum?

oefY&Sif;jcif;ESihfu,fwif&Sifwpfyg;vdktyfaMumif; tav;aqmif;ay;aepOf?

]]rûyvkyfESihf}} qdkonfrsm;ESihf ynwfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkY\tjypfom;

jzpfjcif;oabmobm0udkomru? trSefwu,fbk&m;ocif\ynwf

awmfudkusL;vGefjcif;tjypfudkazmfjyonf (a&mr 3;20/ 5;13?20/

75 76

7;7?8?13)/ xdkaMumihf aygvkonf ]]ynwfw&m;r&SdvQif? vGefusL;

jcif;tjypfr&Sd}} (a&mr 4;15) [kajymqdkjcif;jzpfonf/ ]]ynwfawmf

onf rSefbDvl;uJhodkYjzpfonf/ xdkud&d,monf t0wfudknpfayapaom

npfywfayaeaomtpufrsm;udk trSefwu,fryGm;rsm;apEkdifbJ? omref

rsufpdjzihfjrifEkdifonfxuf omírsm;aomtrnf;pufrsm;udk omí&Sif;vif;

pGmjrifapEkdifonf/ (William Hendriksen, New Testament Commentary,

p. 141).

Ak'¨[l; Mo*kwf 2

bk&m;ocif hynwfawmf\oufwrf;bk&m;ocif hynwfawmf\oufwrf;

bk&m;ocif hynwfawmf\oufwrf;bk&m;ocif hynwfawmf\oufwrf;bk&m;ocif hynwfawmf\oufwrf;

odemawmifay:wGif ynwfawmfudkxyfaygif;xnfhonf[laom

aygvk\a&;om;csufonf ¤if;rwkdifrDu ynwfawmfr&Sd[kqdkvdkyg

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SDA Bible Commentary, vol. 6, p. 1094).

-0-

F- 6

81 82


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aygvkonf þoabmw&m;yg&Sdonfh "r®a[mif;usrf;rSusrf;csufwcsKdU

udkqGJxkwfum uREfkyfwdkYonf rnfrQqdk;aMumif;jyoonf/ xdkusrf;ydk'f

rsm;onf pepfwusoDuHk;onfhyHkpHrsKd;r&Sdacs/ olonf tjypfjyóem\

t&if;jzpfaom vlYpdwfudkuyfqdk;qdkufaponfh wpfudk,faumif;qefaom

pdwfoabmxm;rSpwifí? xdkaemuf tjypfw&m;ysHUESHYjcif;ESihftqHk;wGif

wpfavmuvHk;odkYysHUESHYaMumif; azmfjyonfhusrf;csufrsm;udk qufvuf

azmfjyonf/

ol\qdkvdk&if;rSmtb,fenf;/ tjypf\yrmPtwkdif;twmESihf

ynwfawmf\tuefYtowfrsm;aMumihf xm0&toufESifhqdkifaomuwd

awmfonf uREfkyfwdkYudk,fpm; c&pfawmf\opömapmihfodjcif;tm;jzihfom

vQif uREfkyfwdkYxHodkYa&muf&SdEkdifonf/ wpfzef þBuD;jrwfaomor®m

w&m;onf bmoma&;ûyjyifajymif;vJjcif;udk armif;ESifay;aomt&m

jzpfonf/

ynwfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkYudkru,fwifEkdifaomfvnf; ¤if;udk

vdkufavQmufjcif;jzihf uREfkyfwdkYtwGufrnfonfhBuD;rm;aomtusKd;&Sd

oenf;/ bk&m;ocif\ynwfawmfudkapmihfjcif;jzihf rnfonfhvufawGU

usaomaumif;aomt&mudk oifawGUêuH&oenf;/

wevFm Mo*kwf 7

ynwfw&m;atmufücsKyfxm;jcif;ynwfw&m;atmufücsKyfxm;jcif;

ynwfw&m;atmufücsKyfxm;jcif;ynwfw&m;atmufücsKyfxm;jcif;ynwfw&m;atmufücsKyfxm;jcif;

*vmwd 3;23 wGif aygvkonf ]],HkMunfjcif;w&m;ra&muf

rD ynwfw&m; (atmufü). . .igwkdYonf. . . csKyfxm;vsuf&SdMu

\}} [ka&;om;onf/ aygvku ]]igwdkYonf}} [kqdk&mwGif *vmwd

toif;awmfrS ,k'vl,HkMunfolrsm;udkñTef;qdkonf/ olwdkYonf ynwf

w&m;ESihf&if;ESD;aomolrsm;jzpfMuum? aygvkonf *vmwd 2;15 rSpNyD;

olwdkYudkoD;jcm;ajymaecJhonf/ *vmwd 3;23 rS ]]igwdkYonf}} ESihf

85 86

*vmwd 3;26 rS ]]oifwdkYtaygif;onf}} wdkYonf rwlnD? jcm;em;

aMumif;awGUjrifEdkifonf/

*vmwd 3;23 rS ]],HkMunfjcif;w&m;ra&mufrD}} rSm rl&if;

Greek usrf;pmwGif ]]xdk,HkMunfjcif;ra&mufrD}} [k wdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,f

&Sdonf/ aygvkonf c&pfawmfrwkdifrDESihfc&pfawmfaemufydkif; ynwf

awmf\tcef;u@udkEdIif;,SOfjyaomaMumihf (*vmwd 3;24) ]]xdk,HkMunf

jcif;}} rSm a,bk,stm;jzihf c&pf,mef,HkMunfjcif;udkñTef;qkdjcif;r[kwf

bJ? c&pfawmfudk,fawmfwkdifudk ñTef;qdkjcif;jzpf[ef&Sdonf/

aygvkajymqdkonfrSm ,k'vlwdkYonf c&pfawmfr<uvmrD

ynwfw&m;\atmufwGif csKyfxm;jcif;cH&onf[líjzpfonf/ ]]ynwf

w&m;atmufwGif}} [kqdk&mwGif olonfrnfonfht&mudkqdkvdkoenf;/

*vmwd 3;22?23 udk a&mr 6;14?15/ 1aum 9;20/ *vmwd

4;4?5?21/ 5;18 wdkYESihfEdIif;,SOfyg/

aygvkonf ]]ynwfw&m;atmufü}} [laompum;pkudk ol\

Mo0g'pmrsm;wGif wpfq,fhESpfBudrftoHk;ûyonf/ þtcsufudkMunfh

vQif ¤if;onf t"dyÜg,ftrsKd;rsKd;&SdEkdifonf/

1/ ]]ynwfw&m;atmufü}} onf u,fwifjcif;\tjcm;wpfzuf

rSa&G;p&mvrf; (*vmwd 4;21)/ *vmwdûrdUrSqefYusifbufûyolwdkYonf

em;axmifjcif;jzihftoufay;aomajzmihfrwfjcif;udk&&Sd&ef êud;pm;cJhMu

onf/ odkYaomfvnf;? aygvku &Sif;vif;cJhNyD;ouJhodkY þt&mrSrjzpf

Ekdifacs/ (*vmwd 3;21?22)/ aemufydkif;wGifvnf; aygvkonf ynwf

w&m;atmufüaevdkjcif;tm;jzihf *vmwdvlwdkYonf trSefyifc&pfawmf

udkjiif;y,fMuonf[kyif axmufjyrnfjzpfonf/ (*vmwd 5;2-4)/

2/ ]]ynwfw&m;atmufü}} &Sdjcif;onf ¤if;\tjypfpD&ifcsuf

cHae&jcif;t"dyÜg,f&onf (a&mr 6;14?15)/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf

ynwfawmfonf tjypfw&m;udkrajyapEkdifacs/ ¤if;udkcsKd;azmufjcif;onf

tqHk;wGif tjypfpD&ifjcif;udkcH&rnfjzpfonf/ vlom;tm;vHk;onf þ

tajctaeudkêuH&Murnfjzpfonf/ ynwfawmfonf axmifrª;uJhodkY

vkyfaqmifum csKd;azmufoltm;vHk;udkcsKyfxm;NyD;? ¤if;wdkYonf rdrdwdkY

udk,fudkaojcif;jypf'Pfusa&mufapMuonf/ reufjzefavhvm&rnfh

oifcef;pmwGif *vmwd 3;23 wGif ]]txdef;}} [laompum;vHk;toHk;ûy

jcif;onf þusrf;ydk'fwGifaygvku ]]ynwfw&m;\atmufü}} [kqdkvdk

aomt&mjzpfonf/

]]ynwfw&m;atmufü}} [kbmomjyefaeus? rl&if; Greek

pum;vHk;rSm ennomos jzpfí? ]]ynwfw&m;abmiftwGif;}} [laom

wdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,f&SdNyD;? c&pfawmfESihftwlaygif;pnf;um ynwfw&m;

\abmiftwGif; touf&Sifaexdkifjcif;udkñTef;qdkonf (1aum 9;21)/

c&pfawmfryg&SdbJ ynwfw&m;udkapmihfxdef;&efêud;pm;jcif;jzpfaom

]]ynwfw&m;\tusihf}} tm;jzihf ajzmihfrwf&modkYra&muf&SdEkdifacs/

tb,faMumihfqdkaomf ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf ajzmihfrwfaomolwdkYom

vQif touf&Sif&Murnf (*vmwd 3;11)/ þor®mw&m;onf ynwf

awmfudkry,fzsufacs/ ynwfawmfonf xm0&toufudkray;EkdifaMumif;

jyojcif;rQomjzpfonf/

t*Fg Mo*kwf 8

uREf ky fwd k Y\txdef;ynwfawmfuREf ky fwd k Y\txdef;ynwfawmf

uREf ky fwd k Y\txdef;ynwfawmfuREf ky fwd k Y\txdef;ynwfawmfuREf ky fwd k Y\txdef;ynwfawmf

aygvkonf ynwfawmfESifhywfoufí tajccHtqHk;owf

aumufcsufESpfckwifjyxm;onf/ ¤if;wdkYrSm (1) ynwfw&m;udk

tmjA[Htm;ay;aom bk&m;ocif\uwdawmfudky,fzsufjcif;r&Sd (*vmwd

3;15-20)/ (2) ynwfw&m;onf xdkuwdawmfudkqefYusifjcif;r&Sd

(*vmwd 3;21?22) wdkYjzpfonf/

87 88

xdkodkYqdkaomf ynwfw&m;onf trSefwu,frnfonfhtcef;

u@wGifyg0ifoenf;/ ]]'kp½dkufrsm;aMumihf}} ynwfw&m;udkxyfíay;onf

(*vmwd 3;19) [kaygvka&;om;onf/ NyD;aemuf þtawG;tac:

udkxyfícsJU&ef ynwfw&m;ESihfqufpyfírwlnDaompum;vHk;oHk;ckudk

toHk;ûyxm;onf/ ¤if;wdkYrSm ]]apmihfaeonf}} (tcef;i,f 23)

]]csKyfxm;onf}} (tcef;i,f 23) ESihftxdef; (tcef;i,f 24) wdkY

jzpfonf/

*vmwd 3;19-24 udkqkawmif;jyD;*½kwpdkufzwfyg/ aygvk

onf ynwfawmftaMumif;bmajymoenf;/

trsm;pkacwfopfbmomjyefqdkrIrsm;onf *vmwd 3;19 rS

aygvk\ynwfawmftay: rSwfcsufrsm;udkvHk;vHk;qefYusifbufa0g[m&

rsm;jzihf teufjyefqdkMuonf/ odkYaomf rl&if; Greek wGif wpfzufouf

eD;yg;rQyHkpHr&Sdacs/ ]]apmihfaeonf}} (tcef;i,f 23) [kjyefqdkaom

Greek rl&if;pum;vHk;onf ]]apmihfa&Smufonf}} [laom wdkuf½dkuf

t"dyÜg,f&onf/ ¤if;onf ]]zrf;qD;onf}} (odkYr[kwf) ]]apmihfMunfh

onf}} (2aum 11;32) [laom tysufoabmt"dyÜg,faumuf,lEdkif

aomfvnf;? "r®opfusrf;wGif ¤if;onf a,bk,stm;jzihf ]]umuG,f

onf}} (odkYr[kwf) ]]apmihfxdef;onf}} [laom omítûyoabmaqmif

aomt"dyÜg,frsKd;oufa&mufonf (zdvdyÜd 4;7/ 1ay 1;5)/ ]]csKyfxm;

onf}} (*vmwd 3;23) [lí bmomjyefqdkaom rl&if;pum;vHk;

onfvnf; xdkenf;wlyifjzpfonf/ ¤if;udk ]]ydwfonf}} (urÇm 20;18/

xGuf 14;3/ a,m½I 6;1/ a,&rd 13;19)? ]]txJwGifxnfhonf}}

(vkum 5;6)? (odkYr[kwf) ]]csKyfxm;onf}} (a&mr 11;32) [lí

jyefqdkEkdifonf/ þerlemrsm;rSjyoouJhodkY tajctaeay:rlwnfí

þpum;vHk;onf tûyoabm (odkYr[kwf) tysufoabmaqmifaom

t"dyÜg,frsKd;&SdEkdifonf/

ynwfw&m; (10 yg;ESihf0denf;xHk;zGJUynwf) wdkYonf £oa&v

rsm;twGuf rnfonfhtusKd;udkay;oenf;/ a&mr 3;1?2/ w&m;a[m

7;12-24/ 0wfûy 18;20-30/

aygvkonf ynwfw&m;taMumif;udk tysufoabmaqmif

aoma0g[m&jzihf ajymqdkEkdifaomfvnf; (a&mr 7;6/ *vmwd 2;19)?

ynwfw&m;taMumif;udkvnf; tûyoabmaqmifNyD; rsm;pGmajymqdkonf

(a&mr 7;12?14/ 8;3?4/ 13;8 wdkYudkzwfyg)/ ynwfw&m;onf

£oa&vtay: bk&m;ocif\usdefjcif;r[kwfbJ? aumif;csD;tjzpf&nf&G,f

NyD;ay;awmfrljcif;jzpfonf/ ,ZfylaZmfjcif;pepfonf tjypfudktqHk;pGef

rz,f&Sm;Ekdifaomfvnf;? ¤if;onf tjypfz,f&Sm;Ekdifonfh uwday;xm;aom

ar&Sd,udkñTefjyum? ¤if;pepfESihfqdkifaomynwfrsm;onf a&S;vlrsKd;pkrsm;

pGmudk'ku©ay;onfhraumif;rIrsm;rS £oa&vwdkYudktumtuG,fay;xm;

onf/ tjcm;wpfae&mrSm ynwfw&m;taMumif;tûyoabmaqmifonfh

aygvk\rSwfcsufrSMunfhaomf? þusrf;csufrSaygvk\rSwfcsufrsm;udk

tysufoabmbufrSem;vnfrnfqdkvQif rSm;ygvdrfhrnf/

aumif;aomt&mwpfckudk tvGJoHk;pm;vkyfonfudkawG;Munfhyg/

Oyrm? a&m*guko&efwDxGifxkwfvkyfaomaq;0g;udk rl;,pfaq;0g;tjzpf

vlwcsKdUutoHk;ûyEkdifonf/ oifhtoufwmwGif þed,mrrsKd;rnfonfh

erlemrsm;awGU&Sdxm;oenf;/ aumif;aomt&mudktvGJoHk;pm;ûyvkyfEkdif

aMumif; em;vnfoabmaygufjcif;onf txufygusrf;rS aygvk\

qdkvdkcsufudkem;vnf&ef rnfuJhodkYulnDay;oenf;/

Ak'¨[l; Mo*kwf 9

uREf ky fwd k Y\udk,fyd ki fausmif;q&mjzpfaomynwfw&m;uREf ky fwd k Y\udk,fyd ki fausmif;q&mjzpfaomynwfw&m;

uREf ky fwd k Y\udk,fyd ki fausmif;q&mjzpfaomynwfw&m;uREf ky fwd k Y\udk,fyd ki fausmif;q&mjzpfaomynwfw&m;uREf ky fwd k Y\udk,fyd ki fausmif;q&mjzpfaomynwfw&m;

*vmwd 3;23 wGifaygvkonf ynwfw&m;udkapmihfMuyf

umuG,fay;aompGrf;tm;tjzpfazmfjyonf/ tcef;i,f 24 wGif ¤if;udk

89 90

rnfonfht&mESihfcdkif;EdIif;oenf;/ NyD;aemuf xdkt&monf rnfonfh

t&mudkqdkvdkoenf;/

]]udk,fydkifausmif;q&m}} [kjyefqdkaom Greek rl&if;pum;vHk;rSm

paidagogos jzpfonf/ wcsKdUaombmomjyefusrf;pmrsm;wGif ]]pnf;urf;

BuD;Muyfol}} (NRSV)? ]]enf;jyq&m}} (NKJV) odkYr[kwf ]]tkyfxdef;ol}}

(ESV) [líjyefqdkaomfvnf;? rnfonfhpum;vHk;urQ ¤if;\t"dyÜg,f

udk jynfhjynfh00ûcHiHkEdkifjcif;r&Sdacs/ paidagogos qdkonfrSm a&mrvlrsKd;

tzGJUtpnf;wGif uRefwpfOD;jzpfonf/ xdkuRefrSm ocifh\om;ajcmufESpf?

ckepfESpft&G,frSpí vlvm;ajrmufonftxdtkyfxdef;&ef tcGihftmPm

&Sdaom&mxl;udk ay;tyfcH&oljzpfonf/ udk,fum,vdktyfcsufjzpfaom

a&csKd;ay;jcif;? tpmauR;jcif;ESihft0wftpm;rsm;vJvS,f0wfqifay;jcif;?

rnfonfhtEÅ&m,frSrqdkumuG,fay;jcif; ponfhwm0efrsm;tjyif? xdkuRef

(piadagogos) onf ocif\om;ausmif;rSefrSefoGm;jcif;ESihf tdrfpmrsm;

ûyvkyfjcif;rsm;&Sdr&Sdaocsmatmif vkyfaqmif&efwm0efvnf;&Sdonf/

xdkYjyifru? olonf rGefjrwfaomudk,fusihfw&m;udk avhusihfoifMum;

ay;jcif;omru? ocifhom;wdkYonf ¤if;rGefjrwfaomudk,fusihfw&m;wdkYudk

oif,lNyD;? rdrdwdkYudk,fwdkifusihfoHk;jcif;&Sdr&Sdudkvnf; aocsmatmifvkyfaqmif

&efwm0ef&Sdonf/

wcsKdUaomxdkuRefrsm;onf trSefwu,fMuifemrI&SdMuNyD;? olwdkY

tkyfxdef;aomuav;rsm;uvnf;cspfMuaomfvnf;? a&S;pmayrsm;wGif olwdkY

taMumif;udka&;om;&mü tvGefpnf;urf;BuD;olrsm;tjzpf a&;om;azmfjy

avh&Sdonf/ uav;rsm;u pum;em;axmif&ef Murf;wrf;aomjcdrf;ajcmuf

rIrsm;ESihf jyif;xefaomtjypfwifjcif;rsm;ûyMuonfomru? Budrf'Pf

rsm;vnf;ay;Muonf[k azmfjyjcif;cH&Muonf/

aygvkonf ynwfw&m;udk ocif\uav;rsm;udktkyfxdef;

aomuRefuJhodkY cdkif;EdIif;azmfjyjcif;onf ynwfw&m;\tcef;u@

rdrd\em;vnfrIudk xyfí&Sif;jyjcif;jzpfonf/ ynwfw&m;udk tjypf

azmfjy&efESihfñTefMum;csufay;&ef xyfíay;jcif;jzpfonf/ þvkyfief;\

pifppfoabmobm0rSm ynwfw&m;onf tysufoabmaqmifaom

toGifvnf;&Sdonf[kqdkvdkonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf ynwfw&m;onf

jypfwifarmif;rJum? uREfkyfwdkYtm; tjypfom;rsm;[kpGyfpGJonf/ odkYaomfvnf;

þ ]]tysufoabmaqmifaom}} toGif;rsKd;üyifvQif bk&m;ocifonf

uREfkyfwdkY\aumif;usKd;twGuftoHk;ûyonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf

ynwfw&m;\tjypfwifpGyfpGJjcif;onf uREfkyfwdkYtm; c&pfawmfxHodkY

armif;ydkYay;onf/ xdktaMumif;aMumihf ynwfw&m;ESihf{0Ha*vdw&m;

wdkYonf qefYusifjcif;r&SdMuyg/ ¤if;wdkYonf uREfkyfwdkY\u,fwifjcif;

twGuf twlwuGvkyfaqmif&ef bk&m;ocifwrif&nf&G,fawmfrlonf/

]]or®musrf;pm (*vmwd 3;24) wGif oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf

onf wrefawmf (aygvk) rSwpfqifh txl;ojzihfynwfawmftaMumif;

udk ajymawmfrlonf/ ynwfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkYtm; tjypfudkazmfjy

um c&pfawmftm;vdktyfjcif;udkvnf;aumif;? bk&m;ocifxHaemifw&

NyD;? ocifa,½Ic&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf tjypfvTwfjcif;ESihfNidrfouf

jcif;twGuf udk,fawmfxHodkYay;&efvdktyfjcif;udkvnf;aumif; uREfkyfwdkY

tm;pdwfxJücHpm;apaonf/ (Selected Messages, book 1, p. 234).

oif\tûytrl? pum;rsm;ESihftawG;rsm;udk ynwfawmfESihf

aemufqHk;EdIif;,SOfaomtcsdefonf tb,fenf;/ ,ckyif ynwfawmf

\pmom;ESihfrQomru? ynwfawmf\qdkvdk&if;ESihfvnf;EdIif;,SOfyg (róJ

5;28/ a&mr 7;6)/ oifrnfrQwdk;wufrI&Sdoenf;/ oifhtajzonf

þMo0g'pmrS aygvk\qdkvdk&if;udk oifhtm;rnfuJhodkYajymjyoenf;/

Mumoyaw; Mo*kwf 10

ynwfawmfESih f,HkMunfol (*vmwd 3;25)ynwfawmfESih f,HkMunfol (*vmwd 3;25)

ynwfawmfESih f,HkMunfol (*vmwd 3;25)ynwfawmfESih f,HkMunfol (*vmwd 3;25)ynwfawmfESih f,HkMunfol (*vmwd 3;25)

rsm;pGmaomolwdkYonf *vmwd 3;25 rS aygvk\a&;om;

csufudk ynwfawmfudkvHk;0xkwfy,fjcif;uJhodkY teufjyefqdkMuonf/

91 92

odkY&mwGif tjcm;usrf;csufrsm;rS ynwfawmftaMumif;ESifhywfoufNyD;

aygvk\tûyoabmaqmifaoma&;om;csufudkaxmuf½Iaomf? þt&m

rSmt"dyÜg,fr&Sdacs/

xdkodkYqdkaomf olonf rnfonfht&mudkqdkvdkoenf;/

yxrtaejzihf uREfkyfwdkYonf ynwfw&m;\tjypfwifpGyfpGJ

jcif;udk rcHMu&awmhacs/ (a&mr 8;3)/ ,HkMunfolrsm;taejzihf? uREfkyf

wdkYonf c&pfawmfü&Sdum u½kPmw&m;atmufüae&aomtcGihfudk

arGUavsmfaeMuonf (a&mr 6;14?15)/ þt&monf uREfkyfwdkYtm;

c&pfawmf\tapudkpdwfESvHk;t<uif;rJhcH,l&ef vGwfvyfrIudkay;um?

xdkvGwfvyfrIatmufwGif trSm;ûyvkyfrdjcif;twGuf tjypfwifjcif;udk

aMumufae&efrvdkawmhacs/ ¤if;onf {0Ha*vdw&m;ü ppfrSefaomvGwfvyf

rIESihfvGwfvyfcGihfjzpfum? vlwcsKdUu c&pfawmfüvGwfvyfjcif;onf ynwf

awmfudkapmihfxdef;&efrvdkawmhacs[laomajymqdkcsufESihf vHk;0jcm;em;onf/

xdkYtpm;? ynwfawmfudkrvdkufavQmufjcif;onf tjypfjzpfum? tjypf

w&m;onf vGwfvyfjcif;udkray;Edkifacs (a,m[ef 8;34)/

a&mr 8;1-3 udkzwfyg/ ynwfawmf\tjypfpD&ifjcif;rcH&

awmhNyDqdkonfrSmtb,fenf;/ þtHhzG,for®mw&m;onf uREfkyfwdkY

touf&SifaexdkifyHkudk rnfuJhodkYtusKd;oufa&mufrI&Sdoenf;/

c&pfawmftm;jzihf cGihfvTwfjcif;cH&NyD;aomtcg? ynwfawmfESihf

uREfkyfwdkY\qufqHa&;onf ,ckwGifjcm;em;oGm;NyDjzpfonf/ ,ckwGif

uREfkyfwdkYonf udk,fawmfESpfoufonfhtoufwmrsKd;jzihftouf&Sif&ef

ac:awmfrljcif;cH&Muonf (1ouf 4;1)/ aygvkonf þt&mudk

0dnmOfawmftvdkodkYvdkufjcif;[kñTef;qdkonf (*vmwd 5;18)/ þtcsufu

ynwfawmf (10) yg;udkusihfoHk;&efrvdkawmhyg[laom t"dyÜg,frouf

a&mufacs/ ynwfapmihf&efvdkrvdk[laomjyóemr[kwfacs/ ynwf

awmfonf tjypfw&m;udk&Sif;vif;pGmay:vGifaponfudk uREfkyfwdkYjrifawGU

NyD;aomtcg rnfuJhodkYjzpfrnfenf;/

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93 94

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-0-


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F- 7

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onf ]]a&mrEkdifiHat;csrf;jcif;}} [kod&aom a&mrtifyg,mwpfavQmuf

ESpfaygif;ESpf&mtcsdefumvtwGif; wnfNidrfrIESihfNidrf;csrf;a&;&Sdaeaom

tcgor,jzpfonf/ a&mrwdkYonf ajrxJyifv,fa'oudkppfatmifEkdif

jcif;onf Nidrfoufjcif;? trsm;oHk;bmompum;? vrf;yef;c&D;tqifajy

acsmarGUjcif;ESihf {0Ha*vdw&m;vsifjrefpGmysHUESHYaponfh bHk,Ofaus;rIxGef;um;

jcif;wdkYudk ,laqmifvmcJhonf/ or®musrf;pm½IaxmihfrSMunfhaomf?

xdktcsdeftcgonf uwdxm;awmfrlaomar&Sd,<uvm&eftwGuf

bk&m;ocifowfrSwfawmfrlaomtcgor,jzpfonf ('Ha,v 9;24-

27 udkzwfyg)/

uREfkyfwdkYudka&G;Ekwf&ef tb,faMumihfc&pfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkY

vlom;ZmwdudkcH,l&oenf;/ a,m[ef 1;14/ *vmwd 4;4?5/ a&mr

8;3?4/ 2aum 5;21/ zdvdyÜd 2;5-8/ a[jAJ 2;14-18/ 4;14?15/

*vmwd 4;4?5 onf or®musrf;pmrS{0Ha*vdw&m;udk vdk&if;

wdk&Sif;jzpfonfhusrf;csufwpfckjzpfonf/ vlYordkif;wGif a,½Iay:xGef;awmf

rljcif;onf trSwfrxifjzpf&yfr[kwfacs/ ]]om;awmfudkbk&m;ocifonf

apvTwfawmfrl\/}} wpfenf;tm;jzihf bk&m;ocifonf uREfkyfwdkY\

u,fwifjcif;udk tpûyawmfrlcJhonf/

þpum;vHk;rsm;onfvnf; c&pf,mefwdkY\tajccH,HkMunfcsuf

jzpfaom c&pfawmf\xm0&bk&m;jzpfaMumif;udk t<uif;rJhazmfjyonf

(a,m[ef 1;1-3?18/ zdvdyÜd 2;5-9/ aumavm 1;15-17)/ bk&m;ocif

onf aumif;uifwrefudkrapvTwfcJhacs/ oludk,fawmfwkdif<uvmawmfrl

cJhonf/

udk,fawmfonf tptOD;ü&SdESifhawmfrlaom bk&m;ocif\om;

awmfjzpfaomfvnf;? a,½Ionf ]]rdef;rrSarG;zGm;ol}} vnf;jzpfawmfrl

onf/ þtcsufonf tysKdunmrSarG;zGm;jcif;udkqdkvdkaomfvnf;?

udk,fawmf\ppfrSefaomvlom;Zmwdudk omíwduscdkifrmpGmqdkvdkjcif;

jzpfonf/

101 102

]]ynwfw&m;atmufüzGm;jrif}} onf [laompum;pkonf

c&pfawmf\,k'rsKd;EG,fjzpfjcif;udkomru? uREfkyfwdkY\tjypfwif½Iwfcs

jcif;udkcH,lawmfrlonf [laomtcsufudkvnf;ñTefjyonf/

c&pfawmfonf uREkfyfwdkYvlom;ZmwdcH,l&efvdktyfonf? tb,f

aMumihfqdkaomf uREfkyfwdkYonf rdrdudk,fudkru,fwifEkdifaomaMumihfjzpf

onf/ rdrd\bk&m;Zmwdudk uREfkyfwdkY\us½HI;aomvlom;ZmwdESihfaygif;pyf

jcif;jzihf c&pfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkY\tpm;xdk;? u,fwif&SifESihf

,Zfyka&m[dwfrif;jzpf&ef w&m;0ifabmif0ifawmfrlonf/ 'kwd,tm'H

taejzihf yxrtm'Honf em;raxmifjcif;aMumifh qHk;½HI;cJhaomt&m

tm;vHk;udkjyefa&G;,l&ef udk,fawmf<uvmawmfrlcJhonf (a&mr 5;12-

21)/ rdrd\em;axmifjcif;jzihf ynwfw&m;\awmif;qdkrIrsm;udk jynfhpHk

pGmjznfhpGufawmfrlum? xdkenf;tm;jzihf tm'H\0rf;enf;zG,fus½HI;jcif;rS

a&G;Ekwfawmfrlonf/ NyD;aemuf uyfwkdifay:rSrdrd\aojcif;tm;jzihf ynwf

w&m;awmif;qdkaom tjypfom;\aojcif;udk jznfhqnf;ay;awmfrlum

þtaMumif;aMumihf ppfrSefaom,HkMunfjcif;ESihfqufuyftyfESHjcif;jzihf

rdrdxHodkYvmaomoltm;vHk;udk a&G;Ekwf&aomtcGihfudk&&Sdawmfrlonf/

Ak'¨[l; Mo*kwf 16

arG;pm;jcif;\tcGihfta&;rsm; (*vmwd 4;5-7)arG;pm;jcif;\tcGihfta&;rsm; (*vmwd 4;5-7)

arG;pm;jcif;\tcGihfta&;rsm; (*vmwd 4;5-7)arG;pm;jcif;\tcGihfta&;rsm; (*vmwd 4;5-7)arG;pm;jcif;\tcGihfta&;rsm; (*vmwd 4;5-7)

*vmwd 4;5-7 wGif c&pfawmfonf ]]ynwfw&m;atmufü

&Sdaom igwdkYudka&G;Ekwf}} (tcef;i,f 5) awmfrlonfudk tav;ay;

jcif;jzihf aygvkonf rdrd\tmabmfudkwdk;csJUvmonf/ ]]a&G;Ekwfonf}}

[laompum;vHk;onf ]]jyef0,f,lonf}} [kqdkvdkonf/ ¤if;onf

"m;pmcH (odkYr[kwf) uRefwpfOD;\vGwfvyfrIudk 0,f,l&efay;acs&

onfhtzdk;tcudk&nfñTef;onf/ þtajctaet&qdkaomf a&G;Ekwfjcif;

onf tysufoabmaqmifaomaemufcHtaMumif;jzpfonfh wpfpHkwpfOD;

onfvGwfajrmufjcif;&&Sd&efvdktyfaMumif;udk ñTefjyonf/

uREfkyfwdkYonf rnfonfht&mrSvGwfajrmuf&efvdktyfoenf;/

"r®opfusrf;onf tjcm;t&mxJrSav;ckudkwifjyxm;onf/ (1) ewfqdk;

ESihfol\vSnfhjzm;rIrsm;rSvGwfajrmuf&ef (a[jAJ 2;14?15)? (2) aojcif;

rSvGwfajrmuf&ef (1aum 15;56?57)/ (3) obm0tm;jzihf uREfkyfwdkY

tm; uRefûyaomwefcdk;rSvGwfajrmuf&ef (a&mr 6;22) ESihf (4) ynwf

w&m;\tjypfwif½Iwfcsjcif;rSvGwfajrmuf&ef (a&mr 3;19-24/ *vmwd

3;13/ 4;5) wdkYjzpfMuonf/

c&pfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf&,lay;cJhonfh a&G;Ekwfjcif;t&m

ü rnfonfhtûyoabmaqmifaom&nf&G,fcsuf&Sdoenf;/ *vmwd 4;5-

7/ {zuf 1;5/ a&mr 8;15?16?23/ 9;4?5/

c&pfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkYtwGufNyD;ajrmufapawmfrlcJhaomt&m

udk ]]u,fwifjcif;}} tjzpf uREfkyfwdkYrMumcPajymqdkMuonf/ þt&m

onf rSefuefaomfvnf;? aygvkonf wpfrlxl;ítoHk;ûyaom ]]arG;pm;

jcif;}} [laompum;vHk;uJhodkY&Sif;vif;um o½kyfazmfjyEdkifjcif;r&Sdacs/

þpum;vHk;udk "r®opfusrf;wGiftoHk;ûyolrSm aygvkwpfOD;wnf;jzpf

aomfvnf; Greek tawG;tac:vTrf;rdk;aom a&mrtifyg,mwGifarG;pm;

jcif;rSm vlodrsm;aomOya'qdkif&mvkyfief;pOfjzpfonf/ aygvktcsdefu

a&mr{u&mZfrif;wcsKdUonf w&m;0iftarGcHr&Sdaomtcg rdrd&mxl;udk

qufcHrnfharG;pm;om;rsm;udk a&G;cs,favh&SdMuonf/ arG;pm;jcif;wGif

tcGihfta&;rsm;pGmudk tmrcHcsufay;onf/ ]](1) arG;pm;om;onf arG;pm;

ol\om;trSefjzpfvmonf/ (2) arG;pm;olonf xdkuav;udkaumif;rGef

pGmajrawmifajr§mufay;&efESihf tpm;tpm? t0wftpm;vdktyfcsufrsm;udk

pDpOfay;&efoabmwlxm;onf/ (3) arG;pm;olonf rdrd\arG;pm;om;

udkpGefYy,fír&acs/ (4) xdkuav;udk uReftqifhodkYavQmhcsír&yg/

(5) xdkuav;\arG;onfhrdbwdkYonf olYudkjyefawmif;,lydkifcGihfr&Sdacs/

(6) xdkarG;pm;jcif;onf tarGcH&aomtcGihfudkjrJjrHaponf/}} (Derek R.

Moore-Crispin, Galatians 4:1-9: The Use and Abuse of Parallels, “The

Evangelical Quarterly, vol. LXI/No. 3 (1989), p. 216.

103 104

avmutqifhwGif þtcGihfta&;rsm;udktmrcHay;xm;aomf?

bk&m;ocif\om;orD;rsm;tjzpf uREfkyfwdkYtm;arG;pm;jcif;ü rnfrQomí

BuD;rm;aomtcGihfta&;rsm;&Sdrnfudk awG;Munfhyg/

*vmwd 4;6 udkzwfNyD;? a[jAJpum;vHk; Abba (tb)onf

tazudk,aeY ]]',f'D}} (odkYr[kwf) ]]yg;yg;}} [kac:ouJhodkY rdrdwdkY\

zcifudk om;orD;rsm;uac:&mwGif toHk;ûyaompum;vHk;jzpfonfudk

em;vnfyg/ a,½Ionf ¤if;udkqkawmif;&mwGiftoHk;ûyonf (rmuk

14;36)/ xdkaemuf bk&m;ocif\om;orD;rsm;taejzihf uREfkyfwdkYonf

bk&m;ocifudk ]]tb}} [kac:&aomtcGihfvnf;&Sdonf/ oifhudk,fydkif

toufwmü þuJhodkYaombk&m;ocifESihfeD;eD;uyfuyfqufqHrIrsKd;&Sdonf

udk oifaysmf&Tifygovm;/ tu,fí raysmf&Tifaomfrnfonfhjyóem

&Sdoenf;/ þeD;pyfrI&&Sd&ef rnfonfhajymif;vJrIudkazmfaqmif&rnfenf;/

Mumoyaw; Mo*kwf 17

tb,faMumihfwpfzefuRefcHvdkMuoenf; (*vmwd 4;8-20)tb,faMumihfwpfzefuRefcHvdkMuoenf; (*vmwd 4;8-20)

tb,faMumihfwpfzefuRefcHvdkMuoenf; (*vmwd 4;8-20)tb,faMumihfwpfzefuRefcHvdkMuoenf; (*vmwd 4;8-20)tb,faMumihfwpfzefuRefcHvdkMuoenf; (*vmwd 4;8-20)

*vmwd 4;8-20 udkzwfyg/ þusrf;csufrSaygvkajymaeaom

t&mudk atmufygrsOf;rsm;ay:wGiftwdkcsKH;yg/ *vmwdvlwdkYxJu

rSm;,Gif;aomoGefoifcsufrsm;udk olonf rnfrQta&;xm;oenf;/

-------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------

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aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkY\bmoma&;usihfpOfrsm;oabmobm0

twdtusudk razmfjyaomfvnf;? 0dnmOfa&;uRefûycH&jcif;jzpfapaom

rSm;,Gif;aom0wfûyudk;uG,frIpepfonf pdwfxJü&SdaeaMumif; &Sif;aeay

onf/ trSefwu,f¤if;rSm tvGeftEÅ&m,fBuD;NyD; zsufqD;EdkifpGrf;BuD;

onf[k ol,lqaomaMumihf pdwfcHpm;rItjynfhESifhpma&;um? olwdkY\

vkyf&yfonf om;tjzpfrSuRefb0odkYvSnhfjyefoGm;jcif;ESihfwlaMumif;

*vmwdvlwdkYudk owday;jcif;jzpfonf/

aygvkonf tao;pdwftcsuftvufrsm;udkrajymaomfvnf;?

olonf xdkrQavmufuefYuGufap&ef *vmwdvlwdkYonf rnfonfht&m

udkûyvkyfonf[k aygvkajymqdkoenf;/ *vmwd 4;9-11/

aygvk\ ]]ESpf? v? aeY&uf? tcsdefumv}} (*vmwd 4;10)

[laomajymqdkcsufudk vltrsm;onf 0denf;xHk;zGJUynwfrsm;udkomru?

OykofaeYudkvnf; uefYuGufonfhyHkpHrsKd;jzihfteufjyefqdkMuonf/ odkYaomf

jim;vnf; xdkuJhodkYaomteufjyefqdkjcif;onf xif&Sm;onfhoufao

taxmuftxm;\jyifybufodkY a&muf&SdoGm;onf/ tu,fí aygvk

onf ,HkMunfoltopfrsm;twGuf OykofaeYESihftjcm;aom,k'vlwdkY

usihfpOfwcsKdUudk trSefwu,fa&G;cs,fazmfjyvdkonf&Sdaomf? aumavmoJ

2;16 wGif ¤if;wdkYudkemrnfwyfNyD; vG,fulpGmcGJjcm;a&G;xkwfEdkifaMumif;

xif&Sm;onf/ 'kwd,taejzihf *vmwdvlwdkYonf rnfonfht&myif

ûyvkyfaeapumrl? ¤if;onf c&pfawmfüvGwfvyfjcif;rStcsKyftaESmifodkY

olwdkYukdydkYaqmifaeaMumif; aygvk&Sif;vif;pGmazmfjyonf/ ]]tu,fí

owåraeYOykofudkapmihfjcif;onf vlwpfOD;udktcsKyftaESmif\om;aumif

jzpfapvQif? zefqif;&Sifonf urÇm hyxrqHk;OykofaeYukdapmihfawmfrlpOfu

rdrdudk,fudktcsKyftaESmifodkY ydkYaqmifjcif;jzpfaeayvdrfhrnf/}} (The SDA

Bible Commentary, vol. 6, p. 967). tu,fí OykofaeYudkpepfwusapmifh

jcif;onf vlwdkYtm;c&pfawmfü&SdaomolwdkY\vGwfvyfrIudk ydwfyifjcif;

jzpfaomf? tb,faMumihfa,½Ionf OykofaeYudkapmihf½Hkomru? wjcm;

olwdkYtm;rnfodkYrnfyHkapmihf&rnfudk oGefoifawmfrlcJhoenf;/ (rmuk

2;27?28/ vkum 13;10-16 wdkYudkzwfyg/)

c&pfawmfü&Sdaom uREfkyfwdkY\vGwfvyfrIudk,lypfEkdifonfh

owåraeYajrmfvihfjcif;toif\usihfpOfwpfckckrsm;&SdEkdifygovm;/ (odkYr[kwf)

xdkjyóemjzpfaeaomusihfpOfrsm;tpm;? ¤if;usihfpOfrsm;tay: uREfkyfwdkY

\pdwfaeoabmxm;onftb,fenf;/ *vmwdvlwdkYudk aygvkonf

105 106

jyif;xefpGmowday;&avmufonfh tcsKyftaESmifrsKd;xJodkYydkYaqmifEkdifonfh

rSm;,Gif;aompdwfaeoabmxm;onftb,fenf;/

aomMum Mo*kwf 18



]]aumif;uiftpnf;ta0;wGif vlwdkYonf tjypfusL;vGefolrsm;

jzpfaomfvnf; olwdkY\em;raxmifjcif;aMumihf ysufpD;jcif;odkYra&mufbJ?

c&pfawmfudk rdrdwdkY\tpm;xdk;olESifhtmrcHoltjzpf ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf

udk,fawmfhpdwfqEápwemrSef&Sdonftwkdif; rdrdtwGufa,½Itm;jzihf

tarGcHom;orD;rsm;jzpfap&ef bk&m;ocifêudwifjyXmef;aom a&G;aumuf

cHrsm;jzpfvmEkdif&eftvdkYiSm taxmuftyHhudkûyvkyfcJhNyD;jzpfonf/ vlom;

tm;vHk;udku,fwif&ef bk&m;ociftvdk&Sdawmfrlonf/ vlom;rsm;udk

a&G;Ekwf&ef rdrd\wpfyg;wnf;aomom;awmfudkay;jcif;jzihf jynfhpHkvHkavmuf

aomtaxmuftyHhudk ûyvkyfcJhNyD;jzpfonf/ vlwcsKdUonf ysufpD;Mu

vdrfhrnf? tb,faMumihfqdkaomf olwdkYonf c&pfawmfa,½Itm;jzihf

bk&m;ocif\tarGcHom;orD;rsm;jzpf&ef jiif;qefMuaomaMumihfjzpfonf/

vlwdkY\rmefrmeonf u,fwifjcif;taxmuftyHhudkvufcHjcif;rS wm;qD;

xm;onf/ odkYaomf vl\ukodkvfonf bk&m;ocif\a½SUawmfwGif

vufcHEdkifzG,fr&Sdacs/ vlwpfOD;tm; bk&m;ocifa½SUwGifvufcHapEkdifaom

t&mrSm udk,fawmf\emrawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf c&pfawmfay;aom

aus;Zl;awmfjzpfonf/ tusihfrsm; (odkYr[kwf) bk&m;ocifa&G;cs,faom

vlrsm;jzpfaMumif; oufaotjzpf pdwfaysmf&Tifjcif;ü rSDwG,faeír&acs/

taMumif;rSm a&G;aumufcH&olrsm;onf c&pfawmftm;jzihfa&G;cs,fjcif;

jzpfonf/}} (Ellen G. White, “Chosen in Christ,” Signs of the Times,

January 2, 1893.

-0-


aygvk\oif;tkyfq&mavoHjzihfawmif;cHcsufaygvk\oif;tkyfq&mavoHjzihfawmif;cHcsufaygvk\oif;tkyfq&mavoHjzihfawmif;cHcsufaygvk\oif;tkyfq&mavoHjzihfawmif;cHcsufaygvk\oif;tkyfq&mavoHjzihfawmif;cHcsuf




zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 4;12-20/ 1aum 11;1/ zdvdyÜd

3;17/ 1aum 9;19-23/ 2aum 4;7-12/



]]]]

]]]]]]nDtpfudkwdkY? oifwdkYuJhodkYigjzpf\/ iguJhodkYoifwdkYjzpfnDtpfudkwdkY? oifwdkYuJhodkYigjzpf\/ iguJhodkYoifwdkYjzpf

nDtpfudkwdkY? oifwdkYuJhodkYigjzpf\/ iguJhodkYoifwdkYjzpfnDtpfudkwdkY? oifwdkYuJhodkYigjzpf\/ iguJhodkYoifwdkYjzpfnDtpfudkwdkY? oifwdkYuJhodkYigjzpf\/ iguJhodkYoifwdkYjzpf

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,cktcsdefxd uREfkyfwdkYavhvmcJhorQwGif aygvkonf *vmwd

vlwdkYukdwJhwdk;ajymjcif;r&Sdao;acs/ odkYaomfvnf; ol\jyif;xefaom

pum;rsm;onf olwnfaxmifcJhaomtoif;awmf\0dnmOfa&;aumif;pm;

a&;ESihfoufqdkifí olcHpm;&aompdwfxufoefjyif;jyrIudk a&mifjyef[yf

jcif;omjzpfonf/ aygvkudkifwG,faeaom ta&;ygonfhbmoma&;

oGefoifrIta&;udpötjyif? tMurf;tm;jzihf *vmwdvlwdkYtm;ay;ydkYaom

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jyoonf/ tu,fí uREkfyfwdkY,HkMunfonfht&monf xdkodkYta&;

rBuD;aomf? tu,fí ,HkMunfcsuf\rSefuefrIonf xdkrQavmufta&;

rygcJhaomf? tb,faMumihfaygvkonf ol\Mo0g'pmwGif tvGefpdwftm;

xufoefNyD;? tavQmhray;bJaeoenf;/ uREfkyfwdkY,HkMunfaomt&monf

tvGefyifta&;BuD;onfrSm trSeftuefjzpfonf/ txl;ojzihf {0Ha*vd

w&m;udpöwpfckvHk;twGuf ta&;BuD;onf/

107 108

aygvkonf rdrd\csOf;uyfyHktenf;i,fajymif;vJaomfvnf;

*vmwd 4;12-20 wGif rdrd\tus,fw0ifha[majymcsufudk qufajym

aeonf/ aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYtm; olwdkYtrSm;azsmif;zs&eftao;

pdwfNyD;? bmoma&;oGefoifrIuRrf;usifpGmjzihf tusKd;aMumif;oifhaqG;aEG;

cJhNyD;jzpfum? ,ckwGifrl olonf yk*d¾Kvfa&;qefaom w&m;a[mq&m

\avoHjzihf arwåm&yfcHvmonf/ *vmwdvlwdkYtay: trSefwu,f

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&cufcJaom rdrd\odk;pktwGuf aumif;aomodk;xdef;\ppfrSefaom

pdwf0ifpm;rI? ylyefaomu? arQmfvihfcsufESihf cspfjcif;wdkYudkazmfjyonf/

olonf bmoma&;oGefoifcsufudk jyefwnfhrwfay;onfomru?

olcspfaomolwdkYtm;ûypk&ef êud;pm;aeonf/


aygvk\pdwfESvH k;aygvk\pdwfESvH k;

aygvk\pdwfESvH k;aygvk\pdwfESvH k;aygvk\pdwfESvH k;

*vmwd 4;12-20 udkzwfyg/ þusrf;csufrSaygvkowif;

pum;\qdkvdk&if;onftb,fenf;/

aygvk\pdwfESvHk;udk av;vHpGmzdpD;aom ylyifaomutprSm

tcef;i,f 12 rS rdrd\udk,fa&;udk,fwmawmif;cHcsufjzpfonf/

xdkawmif;cHcsufonf ]]iguJhodkYoifwdkYjzpfMuavmh}} [laom aygvk\

*vmwdvlwdkYtm; ravQmhwrf;ajymqdkcsufaemufwGif uyfygvmonf/

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[laom pum;vHk;\ta&;ygrIudk wcsKdUaombmomjyefcsufwdkYwGif

t"dyÜg,fjynfhjynfh00razmfjyacs/ ¤if;\rl&if; Greek pum;vHk;rSm deomai

jzpfonf/ ¤if;udk ]]wdkufwGef;onf}} (odkYr[kwf) ]]tEl;tñGwfawmif;yef

onf}} [k bmomjyefqdkEkdifaomfvnf;? ¤if; Greek pum;vHk;onf

omíjyif;xefav;eufaomt"dyÜg,f&Sdonf (2aum 5;20/ 8;4/ 10;2

wdkYudkzwfyg)/ aygvkonf ]]oifwdkYtm;igtEl;tñGwfawmif;yefaeonf}}

[k ajymaejcif;jzpfonf/

aygvkonf bmoma&;oGefoifrIESihfqkdifaomt,ltqESihf

,HkMunfcsuf½IaxmihfwdkYudk pdwf0ifpm;ae½HkrQomr[kwfacs/ rdrdomoem

ûyjcif;rS c&pfawmfxHodkYac:aqmifvmaom olwdkY\toufwmtaMumif;

olYpdwfESvHk;ylyefaejcif;jzpfonf/ olonf rdrdudk,fudkrdwfaqGtqifhxuf

ru? olwdkY\0dnmOfa&;zcifjzpfum? olwdkYonf rdrd\om;orD;rsm;

tjzpfoabmxm;onf/ xdkxufru? aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYtwGuf

pdwfylyefrIudk uav;arG;aomrdcif\pdk;&drfylyefrIESihf rcsdwifuJa0'em

wdkYESihfyHkcdkif;avh&Sdonf (*vmwd 4;19)/ olonf toif;awmfwnfaxmif

pOfu rdrd\,cif ]]êud;yrf;rI}} rsm;onf olwdkY\ ]]ab;uif;aom

rD;zGm;jcif;}} twGuf vHkavmufrI&Sdonf[k aygvkawG;cJhonf/ odkYaomf

vnf;,ckwGif *vmwdvlwdkYonf or®mw&m;rSvrf;vGJoGm;onfhtwGuf

aygvkonf olwdkY\aumif;pm;a&;aocsmap&eftvdkYiSm ¤if;rD;zGm;jcif;

a0'emudk aemufwpfcgjyefcHpm;ae&onf/

*vmwdvlwdkYtwGuf aygvkpdwfxJwGifrnfonfhyef;wdkif&Sdoenf;/

olwdkYudk,fpm; rdrd\ ]]êud;pm;rI}} rS rnfonfh&v'fudkoljrifcsifoenf;/

*vmwd 4;19/

*vmwdvlwdkYtm; om;tdrfxJüoaE¨wnfvmjcif;jzpfaMumif;

yxrtBudrfazmfjyNyD;aemuf? aygvkonf,ckwGifrl *vmwdvlwdkYtm;

udk,fwdkifrdcifrsm;jzpfonfhtvm; pum;ajymqdkonf/ ]]oaEwnfonf}}

[líjyefqdkaompum;vHk;udk aq;ynmt& oaEom;BuD;xGm;&ifhoefrIudk

ñTef;qdkonf/ þOyrmtm;jzihf wpfOD;csif;taejzihfjzpfap? toif;awmf

taejzihfjzpfap? c&pf,mefjzpf&jcif;\qdkvdk&if;rSm rnfonfht&mjzpfonf

udk aygvkazmfjyonf/ c&pfawmf\aemufvdkufjzpfjcif;onf ,kHMunfjcif;

udkqGJudkif½Hkxufruydkonf/ c&pfawmfaemufvdkufwpfOD;onf c&pfawmf

109

110

ESihfwl&ef BuD;rm;aomajymif;vJrI&Sd&rnf/ aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYü

tenf;i,faomtao;tzGJajymif;vJrIudk &SmazGaejcif;r[kwfbJ? c&pfawmf

udkawGU&onfhtvm; olwdkYudkawGUjrifEkdif&ef ajymif;vJjcif;udk&SmazGaeonf/}}

(Leon Morris, Galatians, p. 142).

rnfonfhenf;vrf;jzihf c&pfawmf\pm&dwåawmfudk oifhtoufwm

üazmfjyonfudk jrifawGUcJhoenf;/ rnfonfhtydkif;wGif oifonf rsm;pGm

qufvufvkyfaqmif&ef&Sdao;oenf;/

wevFm Mo*kwf 21

jzpfvm&efpdefac:csufjzpfvm&efpdefac:csuf

jzpfvm&efpdefac:csufjzpfvm&efpdefac:csufjzpfvm&efpdefac:csuf

1aum 11;1/ zdvdyÜd 3;17/ 2ouf 3;7-9 ESihfwrefawmf

26;28?29 wdkYudkzwfyg/ *vmwd 4;12 udka&mifjyef[yfonfht&m

þusrf;csufrsm;wGif aygvkonf rnfonfht&mudkajymqdkoenf;/ ol\

qdkvdk&if;udk rnfuJhodkYem;vnf&rnfenf;/

aygvk\Mo0g'pmrsm;wGif c&pf,mefwdkYtm; rdrd\tûytrludk

twkcdk;&ef Budrfzefrsm;pGmtm;ay;xm;onf/ tajctaewpfckcsif;pDwGif

aygvkonf ,HkMunfolrsm;vdkufavQmuf&rnfh ,HkMunfavmufaom

yHkyrmtjzpf rdrdudk,fudkwifqufxm;onf/ 2ouf 3;7-9 wGif?

oufomavmedwfvlwdkYonf olrsm;twGuf0efxkyf0efydk;rjzpfapbJ? rdrdwdkY

udk,fwdkif0rf;pmtwGuf rnfuJhodkY0ifaiG&Smvkyfudkif&rnfudkajym&mü

rdrdukd,fudk yHkerlemtjzpfwifqufonf/ 1aum 11;1 wGifaygvkonf

olwpfyg;\aumif;usKd;udk yxrOD;pm;ay;&mwGif olYtm;twkcdk;&ef

zdwfac:onf/ *vmwdMo0g'pmwGif aygvktav;xm;aomt&mrSm

wpfenf;wpfzHkjcm;em;aeonf/

*vmwd 4;12 wGif aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYtm; olYudk

]]twkcdk;}} &efrawmif;qdkacs/ xdkYtpm;ol ]]uJhodkYjzpf&ef}} awmif;qdk

onfrSm tjyifyef;tûytrlr[kwfbJ jzpfjcif;taMumif;udkqdkvdkjcif;jzpfonf/

tb,faMumihfenf;/ *vmwdûrdUujyóemrSm aum&defokûrdUrStoif;awmf

uJhodkY usihf0wfaoGznfaomtûytrl (odkYr[kwf) bk&m;w&m;rJhtouf

&SifaexdkifyHkrsKd;r[kwfacs/ *vmwdûrdUujyóemrSm c&pf,mefbmom\

tESpfom&udk,füt&if;cHonf/ ¤if;rSm ]]tûytrl}} qdkonfxuf omí

]]jzpfjcif;}} taMumif;yifjzpfonf/ aygvkonf ighvdkusihfyg[kajymae

jcif;r[kwfbJ? iguJhodkYjzpfyg[kajymaejcif;jzpfonf/ *vmwd 4;12

wGif toHk;ûyaoma0g[m&twdtusudk wrefawmf 26;29 wGif tN*dyÜ

rif;tm; aygvk\arwåm&yfcHcsufwGiftoHk;ûyonf/ ]]udk,fawmfrSpí

,aeYwGiftuREfkyf\pum;udkMum;aomoltaygif;wdkYonf þoHêud;udk

xm;í tuREfkyfuJhodkYaomoljzpfvkonfomru vHk;vHk;jzpfapjcif;iSm

bk&m;ocifudktuREfkyfqkawmif;ygonf}} [k aygvkarwåm&yfcHcJhonf/

wpfenf;tm;jzihf rdrd\ynwfw&m;usifhjcif;r[kwfbJ olYtwGuf

c&pfawmfvkyfaqmifcJhNyD;aomt&mudk udk;pm;onfh,HkMunfjcif;jzpfaom

c&pfawmfwpfyg;wnf;tay:üomwnfonfhtajccHudk c&pf,mefwpfOD;

taejzihf rdrd\tawGUtêuHudkqdkvdkjcif;jzpfonf/ *vmwdvlwdkYonf

c&pfawmfü rdrdwdkY\udk,fydkifvu©Pmxuf rdrdwdkY\tûytrludk omí

wefzdk;xm;Muonf/

aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYtm; olYuJhodkYrnfodkYjzpf&rnfudk

twdtusajymqdkjcif;r&Sdaomfvnf; aygvkonf rdrdtoufwm\t&m&m?

tao;pdwfrsm;ü olYuJhodkYjzpf&efajymaejcif;r[kwfaMumif;udk *vmwd

vlwdkY\tajctaeujyoaeonf/ olt"dutav;xm;aomt&mrSm

*vmwdvlwdkY\ynwfw&m;udkA[dkûyaom bmoma&;jzpfaeaomaMumihf

aygvkonf pdwfxJwGiftHhzG,farwåm? aysmf&Tifjcif;? vGwfvyfjcif;rsm;ESihf

c&pfawmfüolawGU&SdcJhNyD;aom u,fwifjcif;\{uefaocsmjcif;wdkYtrSefyif

&SdaecJhonf/ c&pfawmf\omvGefaomtHhzG,fudkaxmufí t&m&mudk

111 112

trdIufuJhodkYxifrSwf&ef oif,lcJhNyD;jzpfonf (zdvdyÜd 3;5-9)/ NyD;aemuf

olonf *vmwdvlwdkYtm;vnf; tvm;wltawGUtêuHrsKd;&Sdap&ef

awmihfwaecJhonf/

oifonf yHkerlemaumif;,lxdkufaomol (a,½Iryg) wpfpHk

wpfOD;&Sdygovm;/ tu,fí&SdcJhaomf oifawGUaomtwk,lxdkufonfh

ol\t&nftcsif;rsm;um;tb,fenf;/ ¤if;t&nftcsif;rsm;udk

oifhtoufwmwGif rnfuJhodkYomíaumif;atmifjyoEdkifrnfenf;/

t*Fg Mo*kwf 22

oifwd k YuJ hod k Yigjzpf\oifwd k YuJ hod k Yigjzpf\

oifwd k YuJ hod k Yigjzpf\oifwd k YuJ hod k Yigjzpf\oifwd k YuJ hod k Yigjzpf\

1aum 9;19-23 udkzwfyg/ *vmwd 4;12 \yxrtydkif;

(jrefrmusrf;pm) wGif rdrd\qdkvdk&if;udk uREfkyfwdkYomíem;vnfEkdifap

&ef þusrf;csufwGifaygvkonf rnfonfht&mudkajymqdkoenf;/

(wrefawmf 17;16-34/ 1aum 8;8-13/ *vmwd 2;11-14 wdkYudk

vnf;zwfyg/)

*vmwd 4;12 onf tenf;i,f½IyfaxG;Edkifacs&Sdonf/ tu,f

íaygvkonf olwdkYuJhodkYjzpfNyD;cJhNyDqdkvQif tb,faMumihf*vmwdvlwdkY

onf olYuJhodkYjzpfvm&rnfenf;/

,refaeYu uREfkyfwdkYavhvmcJhouJhodkY? u,fwifjcif;twGuf

c&pfawmfonf jynfhpHkvHkavmufjcif;ü rdrd\vHk;vHk;,HkMunfpdwfcsjcif;

t&mü olESihfwl&ef olwdkYudkaygvktvdk&SdcJhonf/ olwdkYuJhodkYjzpfjcif;

tay: aygvk\rSwfcsufrSm olonf ,k'vljzpfaomfvnf; ]]ynwf

w&m;rJhaom}} wpfyg;trsKd;om;uJhodkYjzpfvmjcif;udkqdkvdkonf/ xdkaMumihf

olonf {0Ha*vdw&m;tm;jzihf wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;xJodkYa&muf&SdEkdif

rnfjzpfonf/ wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;e,fwGif xl;cRefaomomoemûy

wpfOD;taejzihf aygvkonf ,k'vlwdkYESihfwpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;xHodkY

rnfodkY{0Ha*vdw&m;a[m&rnfudk oif,lcJhNyD;jzpfonf/ trSefrSm? 1aum

9;19-23 t&? {0Ha*vdw&m;onf tjrJwrf;twlwljzpfaeaomfvnf;?

olcsOf;uyfonfhvlwdkYtay:rlwnfí aygvk\enf;vrf;rsm;onf ajymif;vJ

cJhonf/

]]aygvkonf ,aeYajymqdkaeMuaomtajctaeay:rlwnfNyD;

ajymif;vJjcif;udk a½SUaqmifoljzpfcJhonf/ {0Ha*vdw&m;udkMum;emrnfh

olwdkY\tajctaeay:rlwnfí ajymjyEkdif&ef þenf;vrf;vdktyfonf/}}

(Timothy George, The New American Commentary: Galatians, p. 321).

1aum 9;21 rS aygvk\udk,fwdkifrSwfcsufonf {0Ha*vdw&m;

udk tajctaea'oESihftnDa[mMum;&mwGif rnfonfhtwkdif;twmtxd

n§dEdIif;&efrSm tuefYtowf&Sdonf[k ol,HkMunfaMumif;jyoonf/ Oyrm?

wpfpHkwpfOD;onf ,k'vlwdkYESihfwpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYtm; rwlnDaom

enf;vrf;jzihf vGwfvyfpGmcsOf;uyfEdkifaomfvnf; þvGwfvyfrIwGif

Oyra'rJhaeyHkxdkifyHkrsKd;jzihf touf&Sif&eftcGifhta&;ryg0ifacs/ taMumif;

rSm c&pf,mefwdkYonf ]]c&pfawmf\ynwfw&m;}} atmufü&Sdolrsm;

jzpfaomaMumihfjzpfonf/

tajctaeay:rlwnfajymif;vJjcif;rSm tjrJwrf;vG,fulraeaomf

vnf;? ]]uREkfyfwdkYonf {0Ha*vdw&m;\t"duaomhcsufudk ,Ofaus;rI

t½IyftaxG;xJrScGJxkwfEkdifoa½GU? c&pfawmf\owif;pum;udk txJü

yg&SdaomtaMumif;t&mudk tay;t,lvkyfn§dEdIif;jcif;r&SdbJ? tajctae

t&a[majymjcif;rSm uREfkyfwdkYonf aygvktm;twkcdk;olrsm;jzpfvmMu

onf}} (Timothy George, Galatians, pp. 321,322).

tay;t,lvkyfn§dEdIif;&efrSm tvGefvG,fulonfr[kwfavm/

wpfpHkwpfOD;onf c&pf,mefjzpfonfrSm MumvmonfESihftrQ? tay;

t,lvkyfn§dEdIif;&efvnf; omívG,fulavjzpfonf/ tb,faMumihf

xdkodkYjzpfEkdifoenf;/ rdrdudk,fudk½dk;½dk;om;om;Munfhyg/ tay;t,lvkyf

F- 8

113 114

n§dEdIif;jcif;onf oifhtoufwmwGif rnfrQjzpfay:vmoenf;/ ¤if;wdkYudk

rnfuJhodkYtaMumif;jycsufay;oenf;/ þt&mrSvdktyfaomae&mwGif

rnfuJhodkYvSnfhxGuf&rnfenf;/

Ak'¨[l; Mo*kwf 23

,cifESih f,ck,cifESi h f,ck

,cifESi h f,ck,cifESi h f,ck,cifESi h f,ck

*vmwd,HkMunfolwdkYESihf aygvk\qufqHa&;onf ,ckuJhodkY

tjrJcufcJrIESihfat;wdat;pufjzpfraecJhacs/ trSefrSm? *vmwdûrdUwGif

{0Ha*vdw&m;udk yxrtBudrfa[majympOftcsdefudk aygvkonf jyefvnf

yHk&dyfxifap&mwGif olYtm;rnfrQaumif;pGmûypkMuaMumif; yDwdjzmaom

pum;vHk;rsm;jzihfajymqdkonf/ rnfonfht&mjzpfysufcJhoenf;/

rnfonfhjzpf&yfaMumihf *vmwdûrdUwGif {0Ha*vdw&m;a[majym

&ef aygvktm;pdwfqHk;jzwfap[ef&Sdoenf;/ *vmwd 4;13/

Munfh&onfrSm aygvk\rlv&nf&G,fcsufrSm *vmwdûrdUwGif

{0Ha*vdw&m;udka[majym&ef r[kwfcJhacs/ odkY&mwGif c&D;oGm;pOf

tzsm;a&m*g&vmaomaMumihf *vmwdûrdUwGifMumMumwnf;ae&ef?

(odkYr[kwf) a&m*guko&ef? *vmwdûrdUodkYoGm;&ef taMumif;zefvmcJh

onf/ aygvk\a&m*gajctaetwdtusudkrod&acs/ wcsKdUu iSufzsm;

cH&onf[kqdkMuonf/ tjcm;olwdkYuvnf; (*vmwdvlwdkYonf rdrd

wdkY\rsufvHk;udkxkwfí olYtm;ay;&efqE&SdMuonfudkaxmuf½INyD;) rsufpd

a&m*gjzpfEkdifonf[kqdkMuonf/ ol\emrusef;jzpfjcif;onf 2aum

12;7-9 wGifazmfjyonfh ]]udk,füpl;aomql;}} ESihfvnf; qufpyfrI&Sd

Ekdifonf/

aygvkonf rnfonfht&myifcHpm;&onfjzpfap? ¤if;onf tvGef

tqifrajyaomaMumihf *vmwdvlwdkYtwGuf prf;oyfjcif;jzpfapaMumif;

olajymonf/ zsm;emjcif;udk bk&m;ocifrESpfoufrI\vu©Pmtjzpf

½Ijrifaomywf0ef;usifwGif (a,m[ef 9;1?2/ vkum 13;1-4)? aygvk

\zsm;emjcif;onf *vmwdvlwdkYu olwdkYudkvnf;aumif;? ol\owif;

pum;udkvnf;aumif; jiif;y,f&eftvG,fwulqifajcjzpfoGm;Ekdifonf/

odkYaomf? olwdkYonf aygvkudkvdIufvdIufvSJvSJêudqdkcJhMuonf/ tb,f

aMumihfenf;/ olwdkY\pdwfESvHk;onf uyfwdkifawmftaMumif;a[majym

jcif;ESihf (*vmwd 3;1)? oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\EdI;aqmfjcif;wdkYaMumihf

jzpfonf/ ,ckolwdkY\pdwfoabmxm;ajymif;vJjcif;twGuf rnfonfh

taMumif;jycsufudkay;EdkifMurnfenf;/

aygvka0'emcHpm;&efcGihfûy&onfh bk&m;ocif\taMumif;jycsuf

um; rnfonfht&mjzpfEkdifrnfenf;/ rdrdudk,fydkifjyóemESihf½kef;uefae

&pOf aygvkonf olwpfyg;wdkYtm; rnfuJhodkYomoemûyEdkifoenf;/

a&mr 8;28/ 2aum 4;7-12/ 12;7-10/

aygvk\zsm;emjcif;onf rnfonfht&myifjzpfap? jyif;xefonf

rSmtrSefyifjzpfonf/ xdkaMumihf rdrd\jyóemtwGuf bk&m;ociftjypf

wifEkdifovdk? {0Ha*vdw&m;a[mjcif;udkvnf; tvG,fwultavQmhay;

Ekdifonf/ aygvkonf rnfonfht&mwpfckckjzihf qifajcray;cJhacs/

rdrd\tajctaeudk rdrdtwGuftaumif;qHk;toHk;csrnfhtpm;? aygvk

onf ¤if;jyóemudk bk&m;ocif\u½kPmtay: omívHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;

rSDcdktm;xm;&ef tcGihfta&;tjzpftoHk;ûyonf/ ]]Budrfzefrsm;pGmbk&m;ocif

onf toufwm\ab;'ku©jzpfaom zsm;emjcif;? n§Of;qJjcif;? qif;&J

jcif;? obm0ab;'Pfrsm;ESifh em;vnf&cufcJaomtjzpfqdk;rsm;udkyif

vQif rdrd\oem;Muifemjcif;ESihfaus;Zl;u½kPmudkazmfjy&efESihf {0Ha*vd

w&m;jyefYyGm;vmap&ef toHk;ûyawmfrlonf/}} (Timothy George, Galatians,

pp. 323,324).

oif\'ku©rsm;ESihfa0'emcHpm;jcif;wdkYonf ocifbk&m;tay:omí

rSDcdk&ef rnfuJhodkYoifay;oenf;/ (tjcm;rnfonfha&G;p&m&Sdoenf;/)

115 116

Mumoyaw; Mo*kwf 24

oo

ooorr

rrr®mw&m;ud ka[majymjcif;®mw&m;ud ka[majymjcif;

®mw&m;ud ka[majymjcif;®mw&m;ud ka[majymjcif;®mw&m;ud ka[majymjcif;

*vmwd 4;16 udkzwfyg/ aygvkonf rnfonfhta&;ygaom

tcsufudkazmfjyoenf;/ tvm;wlt&mudk oifudk,fwdkifrnfonfhenf;vrf;

tm;jzihf awGUêuHzl;oenf;/ (a,m[ef 3;19/ róJ 26;64?65/

a,&rd 36;17-23)/

]]or®mw&m; (trSefw&m;) udka[majymjcif;}} [laomtoHk;

tEIef;onf txl;ojzihf ,aeYuREfkyfwdkYtcsdefwGif rMumrMumtysuf

oabmaqmifwwfonf/ taMumif;rSm þtoHk;tEIef;onf rnfrQyif

qdk;NyD;? rvdkcsifp&mjzpfapumrl xdxdrdrdjzihfpdwfwdkif;uswpfzufom;udk

acsrIef;wdkufcdkufajymqdkonfhyHkpHrsKd;jzpfaewwfaomaMumihfjzpfonf/

tu,fí *vmwd 4;12-20 ESifh wcsKdUusrf;csufrsm; (*vmwd 6;9?10)

rS aygvk\rSwfcsufrsm;onf xdkodkYaomt"dyÜg,frsKd;r&SdcJhaomf? aygvk

onf rnfonfhcspfjcif;arwåmtoHk;tEIef;xuf {0Ha*vdw&m;\rSefuef

rIudk aygvkonf omípdwf0ifpm;? tav;ay;onf[k rSm;,Gif;pGm

rSwfcsufcsEkdifayonf/ uREfkyfwdkYavhvmcJhouJhodkY ]]rSefaom{0Ha*vd

w&m;}} (*vmwd 2;5?14 udkzwfyg) udk *vmwdvlwdkYonf odMuonf

taMumif;udk aygvkonf pdk;&drfrdaomfvnf;? xdkpdk;&drfrIonf olwdkYudk

cspfaomaMumihfjzpfvm&onf/ rnfonfhtaMumif;aMumihfjzpfap? rdrdwdkY

rMum;vdkaom½dk;½dk;trSefw&m; (odkYr[kwf) a0zefjypfwifjcif;cH&aom

tcg rnfrQemusifonfudk rcHpm;zl;aomol&Sdygovm;/ odkYaomf

vwfwavmuREfkyfwdkY\pum;vHk;rsm;onf wpfzufom;udkemusifapí

vnf;aumif;? (odkYr[kwf) uREfkyfwdkYtay:pdwfqdk;a'goxGufapaomf

vnf;? uREfkyfwdkYonf emusifapvdkaomaMumihfr[kwfbJ xdkoltm;

*½kpdkufaomaMumihf xdkodkYûyvkyfMuonf/ þodkYaomvkyf&yfrsKd;udk rnfrQ

yifrvkyfvdkygaomfvnf; wpfpHkwpfOD;onfMum;&efvdktyfonfht&mjzpf

onfudk uREfkyfwdkYod&SdaeaomaMumihf ajymudkajym&rnfjzpfonf/

*vmwd 4;17-20 wGif? aygvkonf rdrdtm;qefYusifolrsm;

taMumif; rnfonfht&majymoenf;/ olwdkY\bmoma&;oGefoifcsuf

tjyif? rnfonfht&mudkolpdefac:oenf;/

aygvka[maom{0Ha*vdw&m;\yGifhvif;rIonf *vmwdvlwdkY

\trsufa'goudk EdI;qGEkdifajc&SdaepOf? olYudkqefYusifolwdkYonf *vmwd

vlwdkYtm;cspfír[kwfbJ? rdrdwdkY\wpfudk,faumif;qefaom&nf&G,fcsuf

jzihf *vmwdvlwdkY\rsufESmom&&Sdap&ef wufwuf<u<uvkyfaqmifae

Muonf/ aygvku rdrdudkqefYusifolwdkYonf ]]oifwdkYudky,fjcif;iSm

tvdk&SdMu\}} [laomajymqdkcsufrSm wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYonf ta&zsm;

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toG,fjzwf&ef[k qdkvdk[ef&Sdaomfvnf; aygvkonf rnfonfht&m

twdtusqdkvdkonfrSm &Sif;vif;rIr&Sdacs/

oifhpum;onf rnfrQyifrSefuefNyD;vdktyfapumrl? wpfpHkwpfOD;

tm;pdwfqdk;apcJhaomjzpf&yfwcsKdUudkpOf;pm;yg/ tvm;wljzpf&yfrsKd;

aemufwpfzefûyvkyf&efvdktyfaMumif; xdktawGUtêuHrS rnfonfht&mudk

oif,loenf;/

aomMum Mo*kwf 25



]]*vmwdtoif;awmfrsm;xJwGif yGihfNyD;zHk;uG,frxm;onfhtrSm;

onf {0Ha*vdowif;udk tpm;xdk;ae&m0if,laeonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;\

tajctjrpfjzpfaomc&pfawmfonf ,k'0g'\toHk;r0ifawmhonfh0denf;

usihfpOfrsm;twGuf pGefYvTwf&vkeD;yg;jzpfaecJhonf/ *vmwdûrdUrS,HkMunf

olwdkYtm; olwdkYudkNcdrf;ajcmufaeonfh tEÅ&m,fBuD;aomMoZmvTrf;rdk;

rIrS u,fwifEkdifcJhrnfqdkvQif? wdusjywfom;aomaqmif&GufrIudk

117 118

aqmif&Guf&rnfjzpfum tjywfom;qHk;aomowday;csufrsm;udk ay;&

rnfjzpfaMumif; wrefawmfujrifaecJhonf/

]]c&pfawmf\trIawmfaqmifwkdif;twGuf oif,l&rnfhta&;BuD;

aomoifcef;pmrSm olaumif;usKd;ûy&ef êud;pm;aomolwdkY\tajctaeay:

rlwnfNyD; ol\vkyfaqmifrIESihfudkufnDatmif vkyfaqmifjcif;jzpfonf/

Muifemoem;jcif;? pdwf&Snfjcif;? jywfom;rIESihfcdkifcHhrIwdkYonf twlwuG

vdktyfonf/ odkYaomf ¤if;wdkYudkavsmfuefpGma&G;cs,fNyD;toHk;ûy&rnf

jzpfonf/ jcm;em;aomvltqihftwef;tvTmudk uGJjym;jcm;em;aom

tajctaeESihfvuf&Sdtaetxm;atmufwGif tajrmftjrif&Sd&SdudkifwG,f&ef

rSm csifhcsdefqifjcifwwfjcif;? todtjrif<u,faom a0zefydkif;jcm;EdkifpGrf;ESihf

bk&m;ocif\0dnmOfawmftm;jzihf pifMu,fapjcif;wdkYvdktyfonf/

]]wpfcsdefu bk&m;ocif\wefcdk;awmfudk rdrdwdkYtoufwmwGif

awGUêuHcHpm;zl;aomolwdkYtm;? {0Ha*vdw&m;trSefw&m;udkcspfaom

,ciftcspfodkYjyefvSnfhvm&ef aygvkawmif;yefcJhonf/ olwdkYonf

c&pfawmfü vGwfvyfaomvla,musfm;? rdef;rrsm;jzpfvm&aomtcGihfta&;

udk jyefíracsyEkdifavmufatmif olwdkYa½SUüolcsjyonf/ c&pfawmf\

tjypfajyapaomaus;Zl;u½kPmtm;jzihf vHk;vHk;tyfESHoltm;vHk;onf

ajzmihfrwfjcif;0wfvHkjzihfvTrf;ûcHjcif;cH&Muonf/ u,fwifjcif;cH&rnfh

0dnmOfwkdif;onf bk&m;ocif\t&mü ppfrSefaomudk,fwdkifudk,fus

tawGUtêuH&Sd&rnf[laomtcsufonf ol\&yfwnfcsufjzpfonf/

]]aygvk\av;eufaomawmif;yefwdk;vQKd;rIonf tcsnf;ESD;r[kwf

acs/ oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfonf tm;BuD;aomwefcdk;jzihfvkyfaqmif

awmfrlum? vrf;rSm;xJwGifavQmufvSrf;cJhMuonfh rsm;pGmaomvlwdkYonf

{0Ha*vdw&m;udk ,cif,HkMunfjcif;odkYjyefvSnfhvmcJhMuonf/ þtcsdef

rSpí aemifwGifc&pfawmfonf olwdkYtm;vGwfajrmufapcJhNyD;aom

vGwfvyfjcif;üjrJjrHaecJhMuonf/}} (AA, pp. 385,386,388).

-0-


y#dnmOfESpfcky#dnmOfESpfcky#dnmOfESpfcky#dnmOfESpfcky#dnmOfESpfck

Mo*kwf 26 - pufwifbm 1Mo*kwf 26 - pufwifbm 1Mo*kwf 26 - pufwifbm 1Mo*kwf 26 - pufwifbm 1Mo*kwf 26 - pufwifbm 1



zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 4;21-31/ urÇm 1;28/ 2;2?3/

3;15/ 15;1-6/ xGuf 6;2-8/ 19;3-6/



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]]tay:rSm&Sdaoma,½k&SvifûrdUrlum;? cyfodrf;aomigwdkY\]]tay:rSm&Sdaoma,½k&SvifûrdUrlum;? cyfodrf;aomigwdkY\]]tay:rSm&Sdaoma,½k&SvifûrdUrlum;? cyfodrf;aomigwdkY\

trdwnf;[laom uRefrr[kwfaomrdef;rjzpfownf;}} (*vmwdtrdwnf;[laom uRefrr[kwfaomrdef;rjzpfownf;}} (*vmwd

trdwnf;[laom uRefrr[kwfaomrdef;rjzpfownf;}} (*vmwdtrdwnf;[laom uRefrr[kwfaomrdef;rjzpfownf;}} (*vmwdtrdwnf;[laom uRefrr[kwfaomrdef;rjzpfownf;}} (*vmwd

4;26)/4;26)/

4;26)/4;26)/4;26)/

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uGJvGJonf[k rMumcPjrifwwfMuonf/ olwdkYaumufcsufcsonfrSm

odemawmifay:wGifay;aomy#dnmOfonf ynwfawmfudkvdkufavQmuf

jcif;tay: u,fwifjcif;tajccHonfhtcsdef? vlYordkif;rSacwfwpfacwf

udkyHkaqmifonf[líjzpfonf/ odkYaomfvnf; vlwdkYonf ynwfawmf

\awmif;qdkcsuftwkdif; toufr&SifEkdifaomaMumihf? bk&m;ocifonf

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y#dnmOfa[mif;ESihf aus;Zl;awmftay:tajccHonfhy#dnmOfopf[lí

jzpfonf/

119 120

þ½IjrifrIonf rnfrQyifawGUaeusjzpfaomfvnf; rSm;aeonf/

u,fwifjcif;onf b,faomtcgrQ ynwfawmfvdkufavQmufjcif;aMumihf

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tjrJrSDwnfonfhbmoma&;jzpfonf/ *vmwdûrdUü aygvk&ifqdkif&aom

ynwfw&m;udkomta&;ay;rIonf c&pf,mefbmomüomru? "r®a[mif;

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tcgESihfoufqdkifrIr&Sdacs/ xdkYtpm; ¤if;wdkYonf vlwdkY\pdwfoabm

xm;rsm;udk a&mifjyef[yfaomt&mjzpfonf/ ¤if;wdkYonf um£eESihf

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onfh rwlnDaomenf;vrf;ESpfckudkyHkaqmifonf/ y#dnmOfa[mif;onf

um£euJhodkY bk&m;ocifauseyfap&ef rdrdwdkY\em;axmifrItay: rSm;,Gif;

pGmrSDcdkolwdkYudkyHkaqmifonf/ þtcsufESihfjcm;em;í? y#dnmOftopfonf

tmaAvuJhodkY udk,fawmfuwdxm;awmfrlaomt&mtm;vHk;udk vkyfaqmif

ay;&ef bk&m;ocif\aus;Zl;awmftay: vHk;vHk;rSDcdkaomolwdkYudk

yHkaqmifonf/

we*FaEG Mo*kwf 27Mo*kwf 27Mo*kwf 27Mo*kwf 27Mo*kwf 27

y#dnmOftajccHw&m;rsm;y#dnmOftajccHw&m;rsm;

y#dnmOftajccHw&m;rsm;y#dnmOftajccHw&m;rsm;y#dnmOftajccHw&m;rsm;

vltrsm;onf *vmwd 4;21-31 rS £oa&vwdkY\&mZ0if

udk aygvk\teufjyefqdkcsufonf ol\Mo0g'pmrsm;xJwGif tcufcJ

qHk;usrf;ydk'fjzpfonf[k rSwf,lMuonf/ xdkodkYjzpf&jcif;rSm "r®a[mif;

usrf;rSvlwdkYESihfjzpf&yfrsm;udk us,fus,fjyefYjyefYodjcif;vdktyfonfh tvGef

cufcJ½IyfaxG;aomtjiif;yGm;rIjzpfaomaMumihfjzpfonf/ yxrtqifhtae

jzihf þusrf;ydk'fudkem;vnfEkdif&eftwGuf aygvk\aqG;aEG;wifjycsuf

jzpfaom "r®a[mif;usrf;rSt"dut,ltqjzpfaom y#dnmOfESihfqkdifonfh

tjrifoabmxm;udk tajccHod&Sdem;vnf&efjzpfonf/

]]y#dnmOf}} [kjyefqdkaom a[jAJpum;vHk;rSm berit jzpfonf/

¤if;onf "r®a[mif;usrf;wGif tBudrfoHk;&meD;yg;azmfjycH&um? oabmwl

pmcsKyf (odkYr[kwf) EdkifiHtcsif;csif;oabmwlpmcsKyfudkqdkvdkonf/ ESpfaygif;

axmifcsDí? y#dnmOfonf a&S;,cifu ta½SUtv,fydkif;wpfavQmuf

vltcsif;csif;aomfvnf;aumif;? vlrsKd;tcsif;csif;Mum;üaomfvnf;aumif;

qufqHa&;udkowfrSwfonfh ta&;ygaomtcef;u@wGif&SdaecJhonf/

y#dnmOfpmcsKyfvkyfief;pOf\wpfpdwfwpfa'otjzpf wd&pämefowfjcif;

onfvnf; rMumcPyg0ifonf/ wd&pämefowfjcif;onf y#dnmOfESihf

qdkifaomuwdrsm;ESihf0wå&m;rsm;udk apmihfxdef;&efysufuGufolbufrS

jzpfysufrnfht&mudkyHkaqmifonf/

]]tm'HtcsdefrSpí a,½Itcsdefwdkifatmif bk&m;ocifonf <uvm

rnfha&G;Ekwf&Siftay:A[dkûyNyD; 'g0d'füûyaomy#dnmOfü txGwfodkYa&muf&Sd

oGm;onfhy#dnmOfuwdawmfwoDwwef;wnf;rsm;jzihf vlom;rsm;ESihf

tay;t,lvkyfawmfrlcJhonf/ (urÇm 12;2?3/ 2&m 7;12-17/ a[&Sm

11)/ AmAkvkeftzrf;tqD;cH£oa&vwdkYtm; 'g0d'ftrsKd;rS<uvmrnfh

ar&Sd,ESihfqufpyfí bk&m;ocifonf omíxda&mufaom ]]y#dnmOf

opf}} (a,&rd 31;31-34) udk uwdxm;awmfrlonf}} (a,Zausv

36;26-28/ 37;22-28)/ (Hans K. LaRondelle, Our Creator Redeemer,

p. 4).

tjypfr0ifrD {'ifO,smOfütm'HESihfûyaom bk&m;ocif\rlv

y#dnmOf\tajccHonftb,fenf;/ urÇm 1;28/ 2;2?3?15-17/

xdrf;jrm;r*Fvmum,tvkyfESihfOykofaeYwdkYonf zefqif;jcif;

y#dnmOf\taxGaxGtaxmuftyHhrsm;\wpfpdwfwpfydkif;jzpfaepOf?

bk&m;ocif\t"duñTefMum;csufrSm wm;jrpfaomtoD;udkrpm;&efjzpf

onf/ y#dnmOf\tajccHoabmobm0rSm ]]em;axmifNyD;touf&Sifyg}}

[líjzpfonf/ bk&m;ocifESihfo[Zmwjzpfatmifzefqif;aom obm0

121 122

w&m;ESihftwl xm0&bk&m;onf rjzpfEkdifaomt&mudkrawmif;qdkacs/

em;axmifjcif;onf vlom;\obm0vdktifqE´jzpfonf/ odkY&mwGif

tm'HESihf{0wdkYonf xdkuJhodkYobm0r[kwfonfht&mudka&G;cs,fcJhum?

xdkvkyf&yfaMumihfolwdkYonf zefqif;jcif;y#dnmOfw&m;rS cGJxGufoGm;onf

omru? olwdkYonf ,ckwGif tjypftm;jzihfysufpD;aomvlom;rsKd;EG,f

twGuf rjzpfEkdifaomt&mudkzefwD;cJhMuonf/ tm'HESihf{0wdkYvufvTwf

qHk;½HI;cJhaomqufqHa&;udk bk&m;ocifudk,fawmfwdkif jyefvnftpysKd;

awmfrlrnf/ u,fwif&Sifudkay;rnf[laom xm0&uwdawmftajccHonfh

aus;Zl;awmfy#dnmOfudk udk,fawmfxkwfjyefawmfrlcJhonf (urÇm 3;15)/

or®musrf;pmrSyxrqHk;aom{0Ha*vduwdawmfudk urÇmOD;usrf;

3;15 wGifzwfyg/ þusrf;csuf\rnfonfhae&mwGif c&pfawmfü&Sdaom

arQmfvihfcsuft&dyft>rufoifjrifoenf;/

wevFm Mo*kwf 28

tmjA[HESih f ûyaomy#dnmOftmjA[HESih f ûyaomy#dnmOf

tmjA[HESih f ûyaomy#dnmOftmjA[HESih f ûyaomy#dnmOftmjA[HESih f ûyaomy#dnmOf

urÇmOD;usrf; 12;1-5 wGif bk&m;ocifonf tmjAHtm;rnfonfh

y#dnmOfuwdawmfrsm;udk ûyvkyfawmfrlcJhoenf;/ tmjAH\wHkYjyefrIonf

tb,fenf;/

tmjAHtm;ay;aom bk&m;ocif\ueOD;uwdawmfrsm;onf

"r®a[mif;usrf;wGif omítm;aumif;aomusrf;ydk'fwpfckjzpfonf/ þ

usrf;csufwdkYonf bk&m;ocif\aus;Zl;awmftaMumif;csnf;omjzpfonf/

uwdrsm;ay;olrSm tmjAHr[kwfbJ? bk&m;ocifomjzpfawmfrlonf/ tmjAH

onf bk&m;ocif\rsufESmom&&Sd&ef rnfonfhvkyfaqmifrI (odkYr[kwf)

ukodkvfaumif;rIrQr&Sd? þoabmwlnDrI&&Sd&ef bk&m;ocifESifhtmjAHwdkY

onf wpfenf;enf;jzihfvkyfaqmifMuonf[laom tqdkûycsufrsm;jyñTef

onfht&mvnf;r&SdcJhacs/ bk&m;ocifbufuomuwday;awmfrlonf/

þtcsufESihfqefYusifí? tmjAHonf usKd;yJhvG,fonfh,HkMunfjcif;rsKd;

r[kwfbJ? rdrd\aqGrsKd;om;csif;wdkYudk (touf 75 ESpfwGif) csefxm;

cJhum? bk&m;ocifuwdxm;awmfrlonfhjynfodkY a½S;½IoGm;jcif;jzihf azmfjy

aom,HkMunfjcif;? bk&m;ocif\uwdawmfaocsmrItay:,HkMunfjcif;

rsKd;&Sd&ef ac:awmfrljcif;cHcJh&onf/ ]]tmjA[Htay:üvnf;aumif;? olY

tm;jzihf vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;tay:üvnf;aumif; aMunmcJhaom

]]aumif;csD;r*Fvm}} ESihftwl zefqif;&Sifonf rdrd\u,fwifonfh

&nf&G,fcsufudk jyefpawmfrlcJhonf/ udk,fawmfonf tm'HESihf{0udk

yg&'dokbHküaumif;csD;ay;cJhonf (urÇm 1;28/ 5;2)/ NyD;aemuf a&vTrf;rdk;

NyD;aemuf aem{ESihfol\om;rsm;udk aumif;csD;ay;awmfrlcJhonf (9;1)/

þenf;tm;jzihf bk&m;ocifonf vlom;rsm;udku,fwifí raumif;rI

udkzsufqD;um? y&'dokbHkudkjyefxlaxmifrnfh rdrdtapmydkif;u uwday;

awmfrlaoma&G;Ekwf&Sifudk &Sif;vif;jyawmfrlonf (urÇm 3;15)/

vlwumxHodkYa&muf&Sdjcif;jzihf bk&m;ocifonf ]]vlom;tm;vHk;}} udk

aumif;csD;ay;rnf[laom uwdawmfudkwnfapawmfrlonf/ (Hans K.

LaRondelle, Our Creator Redeemer, pp. 22,23).

uwday;awmfrlaomom;zGm;jrif&ef q,fESpfMumapmihfqdkif;

NyD;aemuf bk&m;ocif\uwdawmftaMumif; tmjAHonf rnfonfhar;cGef;

xkwfcJhoenf;/ urÇm 15;1-6/

tmjAHtm; b,faomtcgrSar;cGef;rxkwf? oHo,uif;aom

,HkMunfjcif;tm;BuD;oluJhodkY rMumcPvG,fvG,fululcsD;rGrf;wwfMu

onf/ odkYaomfjim;vnf; or®musrf;pmonf ¤if;ESihfrwljcm;em;onfh

½kyfyHkudkazmfjyonf/ tmjAHonf,HkMunfcJhonf? odkYaomf toufwmwGif

oHo,rsm;vnf;&SdcJhonf/ ol\,HkMunfjcif;rSm BuD;xGm;aeaom,HkMunf

jcif;jzpfonf/ rmuk 9;24 üazmfjyaomzcifuJhodkY? tmjAHonf urÇm

15;8 rS bk&m;ociftm; ]]tuREfkyf,HkMunfyg\? r,HkMunfonfudk

123 124

rpawmfrlyg}} [lí ajymaeouJhodkY&Sdonf/ bk&m;ocifonf jyefí

wHkYjyef&mü tmjAHESihfowfowfrSwfrSwfy#dnmOfûyjcif;jzihf rdrd\uwdawmf

aocsmaMumif; olYtm;MuifempGmtcdkiftrmajymqdkonf/ (urÇm 15;7-

18)/ þusrf;u tvGefwtHhwMojzpfaomt&mrSm bk&m;ocifonf

tmjA[HESihfy#dnmOfûyawmfrlonfhtcsufr[kwfbJ? om;pOfajr;quftxd

wdkifatmif bk&m;ocif\vdktifqEómjzpfonf/ rdrdwdkY\uRefrsm;jzihf

uwdrsm;udkw&m;0ifwm0efcHap&ef[laomcH,lcsufü wkHYqdkif;aewwfonfh

a&S;ta½SUtv,fydkif;rStkyfcsKyfolwdkYuJhodkYr[kwfbJ bk&m;ocifonf uwd

ay;onfomru? yHkaqmifaomtm;jzihf owfaomwd&pämef\tom;p

rsm;udka0iSjcif;jzihf udk,fawmfonf rdrd\toufudkyif uwdawmftay:

wGifavmif;aMu;xyfawmfrlonf/ trSefyifa,½Ionf rdrd\uwdawmf

trSefwu,fjzpfvmap&ef u&meDukef;wGif rdrdtoufudktqHk;üpGefYawmf

rlcJhonf/

,ckwGif oifonfrnfonfhu@rsm;udk,HkMunfjcif;jzihf vSrf;udkif

&rnfjzpfum? rjzpfEkdif[kxif&aomrnfonfht&mudk ,HkMunf&rnfenf;/

rnfonfht&myifjzpfapumrl qufvufqGJudkif&efrnfuJhodkYoif,lEkdif

rnfenf;/

t*Fg Mo*kwf 29

tmjA[H? pm&mESih f[m*&tmjA[H? pm&mESih f[m*&

tmjA[H? pm&mESih f[m*&tmjA[H? pm&mESih f[m*&tmjA[H? pm&mESih f[m*&

[m*&\jzpf&yfwGif tb,faMumihfaygvkonf csKd;ESdrfonfhtjrif

rsKd;&Sdoenf;/ *vmwd 4;21-31/ urÇmOD;usrf; 16/ þ"r®a[mif;

usrf;rSjzpf&yfudktoHk;ûyjcif;jzihf u,fwifjcif;taMumif; aygvkonf

rnfonfhta&;BuD;aomtcsufudkazmfjyoenf;/

urÇmOD;usrf;ordkif;rS [m*&\tcef;u@onf bk&m;ocif\

uwdawmfudk,HkMunf&ef tmjAHysufuGufjcif;ESihfwdkuf½dkufqufpyfonf/

tmjAH\tdrfaxmifwGif tD*spfuRefrwpfOD;jzpfaom[m*&onf bk&m;ocif

\uwdawmfudk r,HkMunfonfhtmjAH\yxrvkyf&yfESihfqufpyfonfhjzpf&yf

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-0-

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ynwfw&m;ESihfajzmihfajzmihfBuD;qefYusifonf[k rSm;,Gif;pGm,lqMuonf/

ynwfonfomt"du0g'ESihftjypfûyEkdifcGihfESpfckpvHk;onf vGwfvyf

jcif;udkqefYusifMuonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf ¤if;wdkYonf rdrdwdkYtm;

axmufcHolwdkYudk uRefyHkpHjzihfxdef;odrf;onf/ odkYaomfvnf; *vmwd

vlwdkYtm; aygvk\arwåm&yfcHcsufrSm c&pfawmfürdrdwdkY\&ydkifcGihftjzpf

ydkifqdkifonfh ppfrSefaomvGwfvyfjcif;ü cdkifjrJpGm&yfwnf&efjzpfonf/

we*FaEG pufwifbm 3 pufwifbm 3 pufwifbm 3 pufwifbm 3 pufwifbm 3

c&pfawmfonfuREf ky fwd k Ytm;vGwfvyfapNyDc&pfawmfonfuREf ky fwd k Ytm;vGwfvyfapNyD

c&pfawmfonfuREf ky fwd k Ytm;vGwfvyfapNyDc&pfawmfonfuREf ky fwd k Ytm;vGwfvyfapNyDc&pfawmfonfuREf ky fwd k Ytm;vGwfvyfapNyD

]]xdkaMumihf c&pfawmfonf igwdkYudkvTwfawmfrlaomvTwfjcif;

tcGihfüwnfaeojzihf? uRefcH&mxrf;ydk;udkxrf;í csnfaESmifjcif;udkwpfzef

rcHMuESihf}} (*vmwd 5;1)/

rdrd\wkefvIyfaeaomppfonfwdkYtm; ppfwyfacgif;aqmif\

vHIYaqmfpnf;½Hk;onfhtrdefYuJhodkY? aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYtm; c&pfawmf

ürdrdwdkY\vGwfvyfjcif;udkrpGefYvTwf&ef ñTefMum;aeonf/ aygvkavoH

\tm;rmefygrIESihfjyif;jyrIwdkYonf pm&GufudkyifxckefvIyf&Sm;vkrwwfjzpf

aponf/ trSefrSm þt&monf aygvkvdkcsifonfht&mtwdtusjzpf

[ef&Sdonf/ þusrf;csufonf tvsifusaomt&mESihfaemufvdkufvm

aomt&mwdkYudk taMumif;t&mvdkufzufpGmqufay;aomfvnf;? Greek

usrf;pmwGif ¤if;onf jywfawmif;jzpfaejcif;ESihfqufpyfrI&Sdraejcif;onf

aygvkuþusrf;csufudk {&mrvrf;ab;aMumfjimqdkif;bkwfuJhodkY xif&Sm;ap

vdkaMumif;azmfjyonf/ c&pfawmfüvGwfvyfjcif;onf aygvk\jiif;cHk

133 134

taMumif;jycsufwpfckvHk;udkaygif;csKyfum? *vmwdvlwdkYonf ¤if;udk

pGefYypfrnfhtEÅ&m,fü&SdaeMuonf/

*vmwd 1;3?4/ 2;16 ESihf 3;13 wdkYudkzwfyg/ þusrf;csuf

wdkYwGif toHk;ûyaomOyrmwdkYonftb,fenf;/ uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf c&pfawmf

vkyfaqmifcJhNyD;aomt&mudk em;vnfEkdif&ef rnfuJhodkYulnDoenf;/

aygvk\pum; ]]c&pfawmfonf igwdkYudkvTwfawmfrlaomvTwf

jcif;tcGihf}} (*vmwd 5;1) onf olYpdwfxJü tjcm;aomOyrm&Sdae

aMumif; jyo&ma&mufonf/ þpum;vHk;a&G;cs,foHk;EIef;yHkonf uRef

rsm;udkw&m;0ifvTwfay;&mwGif toHk;ûyaomvkyfenf;pepfESihftvm;oP²mef

wlaeonf/ uRefwdkYonf w&m;0if&ydkifcGihfrsm;r&SdaomaMumihf bk&m;rsm;

onf olwdkYvGwfvyfjcif;udk0,f,lEkdifonf[k,lqum? ¤if;udkwHkYjyef

aomtm;jzihf xdkuRefonf trSefwu,fvGwfvyfaomfvnf; xdkbk&m;

rsm;ESifhw&m;0ifoufqdkifaeonf/ trSefwu,frSm? vufawGUwGifxdkvkyfief;

pOfrSm pdwful;,OfyHkjyifrQomjzpfonf/ rdrd\vGwfvyfjcif;twGuf Adrmef

awmfb@mwdkufwGif aiGay;acsolrSm xdkuRefyifjzpfonf/ Oyrm? (201)

bDpDrS at'D (100) u 'JvfzDûrdU&Sd Pythian Apollo AdrmefwGif&SmazG

awGU&Sdaom wpfaxmifeD;yg;aomurÜnf;pmwGiftoHk;ûyaom xdkvkyfenf;

pepfudkoHk;oyfqifjcifMunfhyg/ “Pythian om; Apollo onf Nicaea

trnf&uRefrwpfa,mufudk Amphissa om; Sosibus xHrS0,f,lcJh

onf/. . .odkYaomfjim;vnf;? ta&mif;t0,fwGif Nicaea onf

Apollo tm;vGwfvyfjcif;twGufay;cJhonf/}} (Ben Witherington III,

Grace in Galatia, p. 340).

þvkyfenf;pepfESihf aygvk\a0g[m&toHk;tEIef;onf tajccH

wlnDrI&Sdaomfvnf;? av;eufaomjcm;em;rIwpfck&Sdaeonf/ aygvk\

OyrmwGif pdwful;,OfyHkjyifryg0ifacs/ uREkfyfwdkYonf rdrdtwGufwefzdk;

aiGudkray;&acs (1aum 6;20)/ wefzdk;onf uREfkyfwdkYtwGufaps;jrifh

vGef;aeonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf rdrdudk,fudku,fwif&ef wefcdk;r&SdMuacs/

odkYaomfa,½Ionf vSrf;0ifvmum uREfkyfwdkYrvkyfaqmifEkdifonfht&m

udk vkyfaqmifay;awmfrlonf/ udk,fawmfonf uREfkyfwdkYtjypfrsm;twGuf

jypf'Pfudkay;awmfrlum? xdktaMumif;aMumihf uREkfyfwdkYtm; tjypfpD&if

jcif;rSvTwfawmfrlonf/

olYudk,fydkiftoufwmudkMunfhyg/ rdrdudk,fudku,fwifEkdifrnf

[k pOf;pm;zl;ygovm;/ a,½Ionf uREkfyfwdkYtm;ay;awmfrlcJhNyD;aom

t&mtwGuf rnfrQaus;Zl;wif&rnftaMumif; oifhtajzonf rnfuJhodkY

azmfjyoenf;/

wevFm pufwifbm 4

c&pf,mefvGwfvyfjcif;\oabmobm0c&pf,mefvGwfvyfjcif;\oabmobm0

c&pf,mefvGwfvyfjcif;\oabmobm0c&pf,mefvGwfvyfjcif;\oabmobm0c&pf,mefvGwfvyfjcif;\oabmobm0

vGwfvyfjcif;ü jrJjrHpGm&yfwnf&ef aygvk\trdefYay;csufrSm

taMumif;rJhr[kwfacs/ þtrdefYrwdkifrD ]]c&pfawmfonfigwdkYudkvTwf

awmfrlNyD}} [laom ta&;BuD;onfhajymqdkcsuf&SdESihfaeonf/ tb,faMumihf

c&pf,mefwdkYonf rdrdwdkY\vGwfvyfjcif;ü jrJjrHpGm&yfaeMu&rnfenf;/

tb,faMumihfqdkaomf c&pfawmfonf olwdkYtm;vTwfawmfrlcJhNyD;jzpfaom

aMumihfjzpfonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzihf uREfkyfwdkY\vGwfvyfrIonf uREfkyf

wdkYtwGuf c&pfawmfaqmif&GufcJhNyD;aomt&m\&v'fjzpfonf/

tjzpfrSefudkxkwfazmfajymqdkNyD; tav;teufwdkufwGef;tm;ay;

pum;u vdkufvmonfhyHkpHonf aygvkpma&;aeusyHkpHjzpfonf (1aum

6;20/ 10;13?14/ aumavmoJ 2;6)/ Oyrm? aygvkonf ]]igwdkY\

vla[mif;onf xkdocifESihftwl vuf0g;uyfwkdifrSmtaoowfjcif;udk

cHNyD}} (a&mr 6;6) uJhodkYaom c&pfawmfüuREfkyfwdkY\jzpf&yfrSeftaMumif;

udk a&mr 6 wGifpGJcsufwifonfh xkwfjyefcsufwcsKdUûyvkyfonf/ þ

trSefw&m;tay:tajccHNyD; aygvkonf tvGefta&;BuD;aomwdkufwGef;

135 136

tm;ay;rI xkwfjyefEkdifonf/ ]]xdkaMumihf oifwdkY\aowwfaom

udk,fcEm\wyfrufjcif;tvdkodkYvdkuf&onfwdkifatmif tjypfw&m;onf

xdkcEmudk,fütpdk;r&apESihf}} (a&mr 6;12) [lí tajccHtm;jzihf aygvk

ajymaeusyHkpHrSm ]]c&pfawmfü oifwdkYjzpfNyD;onftwkdif;jzpfvmMuyg}}

[líjzpfonf/ {0Ha*vdw&m;\usihf0wfESihfnDaomtoufwmonf

uREfkyfwdkYonf bk&m;ocif\om;orD;rsm;jzpfaMumif; oufaojy&ef

tvdkYiSm tusihfusihf&rnf0efxkyfudk wifjyjcif;r&Sdyg/ wdwdusus

ajym&vQif uREfkyfwdkYûyvkyfonfht&mudk ûyvkyfjcif;taMumif;rSm uREfkyf

wdkYonf udk,fawmfhom;orD;rsm;jzpfaeNyD;jzpfaomaMumihfjzpfonf/

c&pfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkYtm; rnfonfht&mrSvTwfay;awmfrl

oenf;/ a&mr 6;14?18/ 8;1/ *vmwd 4;3?8/ 5;1/ a[jAJ

2;14?15/

c&pf,meftoufwmazmfjy&ef ]]vGwfvyfjcif;}} [laompum;vHk;

udktoHk;ûyjcif;onf "r®opfusrf;tjcm;ae&mrsm;xuf aygvk\Mo0g'pm

rsm;wGif omíay:vGifxif&Sm;onf/ ]]vGwfvyfjcif;}} ESihf ¤if;\&if;jrpf

wla0g[m&onf aygvk\Mo0g'pmrsm;wGif 28 Budrfyg&Sdum? tjcm;

ae&mwGif 13 Budrfomyg&Sdonf/

vGwfvyfjcif;[kqdk&mü aygvkonf rnfonfht&mudkqdkvdk

oenf;/ yxrtaejzihf ¤if;onf pdwful;oabmw&m;oufoufrQ

r[kwfacs/ ¤if;onf EkdifiHa&;vGwfvyfjcif;? pD;yGm;a&;vGwfvyfjcif;

(odkYr[kwf) uREfkyfwdkYpdwfêuduftouf&Sifaexdkif&ef vGwfvyfjcif;wdkYudk

r&nfñTef;acs/ xdkodkYr[kwfbJ? ¤if;onf a,½Ic&pfESihfuREfkyfwdkYqufqH

a&;ü tajcwnfaomvGwfvyfjcif;jzpfonf/ ynwfw&m;wGef;ydkYonfh

c&pf,mefbmom\tcsKyftaESmifESihf tjypfpGJcsufwifjcif;rSvGwfvyfjcif;

udk aygvkonf &nfñTef;aMumif;jyoum? odkY&mwGif uREfkyfwdkY\vGwfvyf

rIonf xdkxufrursm;pGmyg0ifonf/ ¤if;ütjypfw&m;? xm0&aojcif;

ESihfewfqdk;wdkYrSvGwfvyfjcif;yg0ifonf/

]]a,½Ic&pfrygaomvlom;wnf&Sdaejcif;onf tcsKyftaESmif

wnf;[laom ynwfw&m;\tcsKyftaESmif? urÇmudkpdk;rdk;onfhraumif;

aomt&mrsm;\tcsKyftaESmif? tjypfw&m;? ZmwdyuwdESihfewfqdk;wdkY

\tcsKyftaESmif ponfhoGifjyifvu©PmrsKd;aqmifonf/ þuRefydkif&Sif

wdkY\tkyfpdk;jcif;udk tpdwfpdwft`rTm`rTmuGJoGm;ap&ef bk&m;ocifonf

rdrdom;awmfudk þavmuodkYapvTwfawmfrlonf}} (Timothy George,

Galatians, p. 354).

toufwmü rnfonfht&mwdkYonf oifhtm;uRefûyonf[k

cHpm;&oenf;/ *vmwd 5;1 udktvGwfusufNyD;? c&pfawmfü&Sdaom

vGwfvyfjcif;udk oifhtoufwmwGif trSefwu,fjzpfvmap&ef bk&m;ocif

xHqkawmif;yg/

t*Fg pufwifbm 5

ynwfomt"du0g'\aMumufrufzG,ftusKd;quf (*vmwd 5;2-12)ynwfomt"du0g'\aMumufrufzG,ftusKd;quf (*vmwd 5;2-12)

ynwfomt"du0g'\aMumufrufzG,ftusKd;quf (*vmwd 5;2-12)ynwfomt"du0g'\aMumufrufzG,ftusKd;quf (*vmwd 5;2-12)ynwfomt"du0g'\aMumufrufzG,ftusKd;quf (*vmwd 5;2-12)

aygvkonf *vmwd 5;2-12 udked'gef;ysKd;yHkonf olajymrnfh

t&m\ta&;BuD;jcif;udkjyoaeonf/ ]]Munfh}} (ESV) ? ]]em;axmif}}

(NRSV) ? ]]ighpum;udkrSwfom;}} (NIV) ? ]]igaygvkqdkonfum;}} (ESV)

ponfjzihf ed'gef;ysKd;onf/ aygvkonf &,fp&majymaejcif;r[kwfyg/

]]Munfh}} [laompum;vHk;udk tm;rmefygygtoHk;ûyjcif;jzihf rdrdpmzwf

y&dowfwdkY\tm½Hktjynfhudk qGJaqmif&efomru? rdrd\wrefawmfjzpf

jcif;tcGihftmPmudkyif azmfjyonf/ tu,fí wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYonf

u,fwifjcif;&&Sd&ef ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;cH&rnfqdkvQif? rdrdwdkY\qHk;jzwf

csufüyg0ifvmrnfh aMumufrufzG,ftusKd;qufudk *vmwdvlwdkYem;vnf

&efvdktyfaMumif; aygvkonfolwdkYtm;em;vnfapcsifonf/

137 138

*vmwd 5;2-23 udkzwfyg/ ta&zsm;vDS;jcif;jyóemwpfckvHk;

ESihfywfoufí aygvkonf rnfonfht&mudkowday;oenf;/

ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;jzihf bk&m;ocif\rsufESmom&&Sd&efêud;pm;jcif;

\yxrtusKd;qufrSm ¤if;onf xdkyk*d¾Kvftm; ynwfw&m;wpfckvHk;

udkapmihfxdef;&ef wm0ef&Sdaponf/ tcef;i,f 2 ESihf 3 rS aygvk\

pum;toHk;tEIef;wGif pdwf0ifpm;p&mpum;vHk;toHk;tEIef;rsm;yg0ifonf/

c&pfawmfonf olwdkYudktusKd;ûyrnfr[kwfbJ (ophelesei) ? wdwdusus

ajym&vQif olwdkYonf ynwfw&m;udkapmihf&ef wm0ef&Sdvmvdrfhrnf

(opheiletes) / tu,fí vlwpfOD;onf ynwfw&m;twkdif;touf&Sif

vdkvQif? olonf êuduf&ma&G;vdkufavQmufír&acs/ wpfckürSm;vQif

tm;vHk;rSm;jcif;yifjzpfonf/

'kwd,tusKd;qufrSm olwdkYonf c&pfawmfxHrS ]]jzwfawmuf}}

jcif;cH&ygrnf/ tusihftm;jzihf ajzmihfrwfjcif;&&Sd&efqHk;jzwfcsufwGif

c&pfawmfüajzmihfrwfjcif;&&Sd&ef bk&m;ocif\enf;vrf;udk wpfcsdefwnf;

jiif;y,f&ma&mufonf/ ]]ajzmihfrwfjcif;udkenf;vrf;ESpfoG,fjzihfr&&SdEkdif

acs/ oifonf udk,fhudkudk,fru,fwifEkdifaMumif;0efcHjcif;jzihf c&pfawmf

udk&&Sd&efrjzpfEkdifacs/ xdkaemuf oifonf udk,fhudkudk,fu,fwifEkdifaMumif;

,lqawmif;qdkaomtm;jzihf ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;udkcH,lonf/}} (John R.

W. Stott, The Message of Galatians, p. 133).

ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;udk aygvk\wwd,uefYuGufcsufrSm ¤if;onf

0dnmOfa&;BuD;xGm;rIudkwm;qD;onf/ tajy;ûydifyGJ0ifolwpfOD;\yef;wkdifodkY

tajy;vrf;udkwrifzsufqD;cH&onfhtjzpfrsKd;ESihf aygvkEdIif;,SOfjyonf/

trSefrSm ]]qD;wm;onf}} (tcef;i,f 7) [kjyefqdkaompum;vHk;udk

ppfwyftodkuft0ef;wGif ]]csDwufvmonfudk&yfwefYap&ef olvm&m

vrf;udkazmufcGJypfjcif; (odkYr[kwf) wHwm;zsufqD;jcif; (odkYr[kwf)

t[efYtwm;rsm;csxm;jcif;}} ponfwdkYudkqdkvdkonf/ (The SDA Bible

Commentary, vol. 6, p. 978).

aemufqHk;taejzihf ta&zsm;vDS;jcif;onf vuf0g;uyfwkdif\

xdk;ppfudkz,f&Sm;onf/ rnfuJhodkYenf;/ ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;\owif;pum;

rSm oifonf udk,fhudkudk,fu,fwifEkdifonf[kqdkvdkonf/ ¤if;rSm

vlYrmefrmeudkajr§mufyifhjcif;rsKd;jzpfonf/ odkY&mwGif vuf0g;uyfwkdif\

owif;pum;rSm vlYrmefrmeudkwdkufcdkufonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf

uREfkyfwdkYonf c&pfawmftay:vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;rSDcdkaeaMumif; 0efcH&rnf/

ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;tay: olwdkY\jyef;xefpGmZGwfawmif;qdkjcif;

twGuf aygvkonf xdkolwdkYudktvGefa'goxGufaomaMumihf "m;ajr§mif

qGJum? olwdkYonf rdrdwdkYudk,fudkoif;uGyf&efyif olqE&SdaMumif;ajymonf/

jyif;xefaompum;jzpfonf/ odkYaomf aygvk\avoHrSm þjyóem

udk oltav;teuf½IjrifyHkudk a&mifjyef[yfonf/

Ak'¨[l; pufwifbm 6

vGwfvyfrIESih ftjypfûycGih f (*vmwd 5;13)vGwfvyfrIESih ftjypfûycGih f (*vmwd 5;13)

vGwfvyfrIESih ftjypfûycGih f (*vmwd 5;13)vGwfvyfrIESih ftjypfûycGih f (*vmwd 5;13)vGwfvyfrIESih ftjypfûycGih f (*vmwd 5;13)

*vmwd 5;13 onf *vmwdMo0g'pmxJrSm ta&;BuD;aom

tvSnfhtajymif;udkrSwfom;onf/ þusrf;csuftxdaygvkonf rdrd

owif;pum;\bmoma&;,HkMunfrItaMumif;t&mrsm;tay: vHk;vHk;

tm½HkpdkufaecJhNyD;? ,ckwGifrlolonf c&pf,meftûytrlta&;bufodkY

vSnfhvmonf/ rnfuJhodkYaomtm;jzihf vlwpfa,mufonf ynwfw&m;

\tusihftm;jzihf u,fwifjcif;r&&Sdoenf;/

rnfonfhvGwfvyfjcif;udktvGJoHk;pm;ûyEkdifacsrS aygvkonf

*vmwdvlwdkYtm;a&Smif&Sm;apvdkoenf;/ *vmwd 5;13/

,HkMunfolwdkYonf c&pfawmfü&Sdaomaus;Zl;awmfESihfvGwfvyf

rI (a&mr 3;8/ 6;1?2) tay: rdrd\tav;ay;ajymqdkrIaemufudk

139 140

vdkufvmonfh em;vnfrIvGJEdkifajc&Sdjcif;udk aygvkodaecJhonf/ odkY&mwGif

jyóemrSm aygvk\owif;pum;r[kwfbJ? vlom;\rdrdtvdkvdkufjcif;

üom wnf&Sdaeonf/ orkdif;pmrsufESmrsm;wGifjyefYusJaeaom tusihf

ysufjcpm;jcif;ESihfudk,fusihfw&m;y&rf;ywmjzpfjcif;xJodkY qif;oufaomvl

rsm;? ûrdUrsm;ESihfEkdifiHwdkYrSm rdrdudk,fudkcsKyfwnf;rIr&Sdjcif;ESihf wdkuf½dkuf

qufET,faecJhonf/ rdrdtoufwmwGif þuJhodkYaomtjypfûyEkdifajc

rcHpm;zl;ao;aomol&Sdygovm;/ xdkaMumihf aygvkonf a,½Iaemuf

vdkufwdkYtm; Zmwdtvdkvdkufjcif;udka&Smif&Sm;&efac:aeonfrSm xif&Sm;

aeayonf/ trSefolvdkcsifonfrSm ¤if;\qefYusifbufjzpfaom

]]tcsif;csif;cspfí trIcsif;üaqmif&Guf}} jcif;jzpfonf/ wpfpHkwpfOD;onf

cspfjcif;arwåmjzihf olwpfyg;trIudkxrf;&Gufay;aomtcg? ¤if;onf

rdrdudk,fudküvnf;aumif;? Zmwdyuwdüvnf;aumif; aojcif;tm;jzihf

om vkyfaqmifEkdifaMumif;od&SdMuonf/ rdrdwdkY\Zmwdtvdkudkvdkufaom

olwdkYonf olwpfyg;udktrIxrf;&Gufvdkolrsm;r[kwfMuacs/ ¤if;\

qefYusifbufyifjzpfonf/

xdkaMumihf c&pfawmfüuREfkyfwdkY\vGwfvyfrIonf þavmu

\uRefûyjcif;rSvGwfajrmuf½Hkomru? cspfjcif;arwåmjzihf olwpfyg;trI

xrf;&Gufonfhwm0ef? topfaom0efaqmifrItwGuf ac:awmfrljcif;vnf;

jzpfayonf/ ¤if;rSm ]]twm;tqD;rJhtdrfeD;csif;udkcspf&ef tcGihfta&;?

tmPmESihf*kPfj'yfudk&SmazGjcif;xuf tjyeftvSefrdrdudk,fudkay;qyfonfh

tay:tajcûyaom vlYtzGJUtpnf;udk zefwD;Edkifajc&Sdjcif;wdkYjzpfonf/

(Sam K. Williams, Galatians, p. 145).

c&pf,mefbmomESifhvnf;aumif;? *vmwd 5;13 udkacwfopf

bmomjyefqdkrIwGif pum;a&G;cs,foHk;EIef;jcif;ESihfvnf;aumif; tuRrf;

w0if&Sdjcif;aMumifh *vmwdvlwdkYtwGuf tvefYwMum;jzpfaprnfhpum;vHk;

rsm;\t"dyÜg,fudk tvG,fwulrsufpdvQrf;Ekdifonf/ yxrtaejzihf?

Greek bmompum;onf þuJhodkYaom0efaqmifrIudk vIHYaqmfay;aom

cspfjcif;arwåmonf vlom;\omrefcspfjcif;r[kwf? jzpfvnf;rjzpfEkdif

aMumif;ñTefjyonf/ vlom;\cspfjcif;arwåmonf tajctaeay:rlwnf

vGef;vSonf/ aygvktoHk;ûyaom Greek bmompum;wGif ¤if;arwåm

onf 0dnmOfawmftm;jzihfomuREfkyfwdkY&&Sdaom bk&m;ocif\cspfjcif;

arwåmudk ñTef;qdkxm;onf/ trSefwu,ftHhMop&maumif;aomtcsuf

rSm ]]trIxrf;&Gufonf}} [lí bmomjyefqdkaom Greek pum;vHk;\

t"dyÜg,frSm ]]uRefûyonf}} [líjzpfonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\vGwfvyfrIonf

rdrddpdwfêudufaeydkifcGihfr[kwfbJ? bk&m;ocif\cspfjcif;arwåmay:tajccH

onfh tcsif;csif;tjyeftvSeftrIxrf;&Gufjcif;jzpfonf/

c&pfawmfü&Sdaom oifhvGwfvyfrIudk [dkem;'Dem;tjypftenf;i,f

ûyvkyf&ef tcGihftjzpfoifpOf;pm;zl;ygovm;/ ½dk;½dk;om;om;ajzyg/ þ

uJhodkYpOf;pm;rIrsKd;onf tb,faMumihftvGefqdk;0g;oenf;/

Mumoyaw; pufwifbm 7

ynwfw&m;&S dorQudkjynfhpH kapjcif; (*vmwd 5;13-15)ynwfw&m;&S dorQudkjynfhpH kapjcif; (*vmwd 5;13-15)

ynwfw&m;&S dorQudkjynfhpH kapjcif; (*vmwd 5;13-15)ynwfw&m;&S dorQudkjynfhpH kapjcif; (*vmwd 5;13-15)ynwfw&m;&S dorQudkjynfhpH kapjcif; (*vmwd 5;13-15)

]]ynwfw&m;udkt<uif;rJhusihf}} (*vmwd 5;3) jcif;[laom

tysufoabmaqmifonfhrSwfcsufESihf ]]ynwfw&m;&SdorQudkjynfhpHkap

jcif;}} (*vmwd 5;14) [laom tûyoabmaqmifonfhajymqdkcsufwdkY

udk rnfuJhodkYcsdefn§drnfenf;/ a&mr 10;5/ *vmwd 3;10?12/ 5;3

wdkYESihf a&mr 8;4/ 13;8/ *vmwd 5;14 wdkYudkEdIif;,SOfyg/

aygvk\ ]]ynwfw&m;udkt<uif;rJhusihfjcif;}} [laomtysuf

oabmaqmifonfhrSwfcsufESihf ]]ynwfw&m;&SdorQudkjynfhpHkapjcif;}}

[laomtûyoabmaqmifonfhajymqdkrIwdkYonf vltrsm;uqefYusifbuf

ûyaeMuonf[k ½IjrifMuonf/ xdkodkYr[kwfyg/ þajz&Sif;csufrSm

ynwfw&m;ESihfoufqdkifNyD; c&pf,meftûytrludkowfrSwf&mwGif rwlnD

141 142

aomenf;vrf;ESpfckMum; ta&;BuD;aomjcm;em;rIudkûyvkyf&ef aygvkonf

xdkpum;pkwpfckpDudk &nf&G,fcsufygygtoHk;ûyjcif;tcsufürlwnfaeonf/

Oyrm? c&pf,mefwdkY\ynwfw&m;apmihfjcif;udk tckdiftrm&nfñTef;&m

wGif aygvkonf ]]ynwfw&m;udkusihfjcif;}} uJhodkY b,faomtcgrQ

razmfjyaMumif; odomxif&Sm;onf/ ynwfw&m;atmufüaexdkifNyD;?

ynwfw&m;awmif;qdkonfht&mudk ]]usihfjcif;}} jzihf bk&m;ocif\

axmufcHrI&&Sd&ef êud;pm;aeolrsm;\vGJacsmfaomtûytrludk &nfñTef;

&eftwGufom oltoHk;ûyonf/

þtcsufonf c&pfawmfüu,fwifjcif;awGU&SdNyD;aomolwdkYonf

ynwfw&m;udkrusihf[krqkdvdkacs/ xdkodkYqdkaomf tvGefrsm;aeayvdrfh

rnf/ aygvku xdkolwdkYonf ynwfw&m;udk ]]jynfhpHkaponf}} [k

ajymonf/ olqdkvdkonfrSm ppfrSefaomc&pf,meftûytrlonf ynwf

w&m;udkusihfjcif;}} [laom tjyifyef;em;axmifjcif;xufrsm;pGmydkonf/

¤if;rSm ynwfw&m;udk ]]jynfhpHkaponf/}} aygvkonf ]]jynfhpHkaponf}}

[laompum;vHk;udktoHk;ûyjcif;rSm ¤if;onf ]]usihfjcif;}} xufrsm;pGm

ausmfvGefoGm;jcif;aMumihfjzpfonf/ þuJhodkYaomem;axmifrIonf a,½Iü

tjrpfwG,fonf (róJ 5;17 udkzwfyg)/ ¤if;rSm ynwfw&m;udk

pGefYy,fjcif;r[kwf? ynwfw&m;onf cspfjcif;arwåmomjzpfonf[k

tqihfavQmhcsjcif;vnf;r[kwfbJ? ¤if;rSm ynwfw&m;wpfckvHk;\ppfrSef

aom&nf&G,fcsufESihft"dyÜg,fudk ,HkMunfolwpfOD;onf awGUêuHcHpm;Ekdif

rnfhenf;vrf;yifjzpfonf/

aygvk\tqdkt&? ynwfw&m;\t"dyÜg,ftjynfhtpHkudk

rnfonfhae&mwGifawGU&oenf;/ 0wfûy 19;18/ rmuk 12;31?33/

róJ 19;19/ a&mr 13;9/ ,mukyf 2;8/

¤if;rSm 0wfûy&musrf;rSudk;um;csufjzpfaomfvnf;? *vmwd

Mo0g'pmrS aygvk\azmfjycsufonf 0wfûy&musrf; 19;18 udka,½I

toHk;ûyrItay: tajcwG,faeonf/ odkY&mwGif a,½Ionf 0wfûy&musrf;

19;18 udk ynwfw&m;wpfckvHk;\tcsKyftjzpftoHk;ûyonfh wpfOD;

wnf;aom,k'q&mr[kwfcJhacs/ a,½IrwdkifrD rsKd;qufwpfqufcefYu

touf&SifcJhaom,k'q&m Hillel u ]]oifwdkYrESpfoufaomt&mudk

oifhtdrfeD;csif;wdkYtm;rûyMuESihf/ xdkt&mrSm ynwfw&m;\tcsKyfjzpf

onf}} [kajymqdkcJhonf/ odkYaomf a,½I\½IaxmihfrSm vHk;0jcm;em;

onf (róJ 7;12)/ þtcsufonf omítûyoabmaqmifonfom

ru? ynwfw&m;ESihfcspfjcif;arwåmonf rvdkufzufaomt&mr[kwf

aMumif;udkvnf;azmfjyonf/ cspfjcif;arwåmr&SdvQif ynwfw&m;onf

tcGHoufoufESihfat;pufpufjzpfaernf/ ynwfw&m;r&SdvQif cspfjcif;

arwåmonf OD;wnf&mrJhaevdrfhrnf/

olwpfyg;udkcspfjcif;ESihf ynwfawmf (10) yg;udkvdkufavQmuf

½HkoufoufwdkYwGif rnfonfhtcsufonf omívG,fuloenf;/ tb,f

aMumihfenf;/

aomMum pufwifbm 8



]]ppfrSefaom,HkMunfjcif;onf tjrJwrf;arwåmjzihfvkyfaqmif

onf/ oifonf u&meDukef;udkarQmfMunfhaomtcg wm0efudkaqmif&Guf

jcif;r&SdbJ rdrdpdwfESvHk;udkqdwfNidrfap&ef? rdrdudk,fudktdyfaysmfap&ef?

pdwfwnfNidrfap&efr[kwfbJ wpfudk,faumif;qefjcif;\&GH&SmzG,f&mrS

pdwf0dnmOfudkpifMu,fapaom tvkyfvkyfaqmifonfha,½Itm;,HkMunfjcif;

udk jzpfay:ap&efjzpfonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf ,HkMunfjcif;jzihfc&pfawmfudk

qGJudkifaomtcg? uREfkyfwdkY\tusihfonf pwifaeNyDjzpfonf/ tm;rmef

ygaomwdkufyGJjzihf atmifEkdif&rnfhtusihfysuf? tjypfrsm;aomtavhtxrSm

vlwdkif;ü&Sdaeonf/ 0dnmOfwdkif;onf ,HkMunfjcif;wdkufyGJudkwdkufvSef&ef

143 144

vdktyfonf/ tu,fí wpfpHkwpfOD;onf c&pfawmf\aemufvdkufjzpf

aomf? tay;t,lvkyf&mü &ufpufNyD;? oem;MuifemrIuif;rJhum pdwfESvHk;

rmausmír&acs/ olonf pum;ajym&mwGif Murf;wrf;ír&yg/ olonf

[dwf[eftjynfhjzihf rdrdudk,fudkwefzdk;jr§ifhwifír&acs/ olonf rESdyfuGyf

&yg/ Murf;wrf;aompum;? a0zefjypfwifaompum;rsm;udkrajym&yg/

]]cspfjcif;arwåm\tm;xkwfrIonf ,HkMunfjcif;\vkyfaqmifrI

rS½kef;xGufvmonf/ or®musrf;pmESihfudkufnDaombmoma&;onf tquf

rjywfvkyfaqmifrI&Sdonf/ ]olwpfyg;onf oifwdkY\aumif;aomtusihf

udkjrifí? aumif;uifbHkü&Sdawmfrlaom oifwdkYtb\*kPfawmfudkcsD;rGrf;

apjcif;iSm olwpfyg;a½SUü oifwdkYtvif;udkvif;apMuavmh/} ]aMumuf&GHU

wkefvIyfaompdwfESifh udk,fudku,fwifjcif;iSm udk,fwkdifêud;pm;tm;xkwf

Muavmh/ taMumif;rlum;---oifwdkYtxJü apwemawmftm;jzihf

ûyjyifawmfrlaomolum;? bk&m;ocifaywnf;/} uREfkyfwdkYonf aumif;

aomtusihfusihf&ef pdwftm;xufoef&rnf? aumif;aomtusihfudk

xdef;odrf;&efowdxm;&rnf/ [kwfrSefaomoufaocHrdefYawmfrlonfum;?

]oif\tusihfudkigod\} [líjzpfonf/

]]uREfkyfwdkY\rsm;ajrmifaomvIyf&Sm;rIrsm;onf u,fwifjcif;udk

¤if;wdkYudk,fwdkifaocsmapEkdifpGrf;r&Sdacs/ c&pfawmfü uREfkyfwdkYudkpkpnf;

aom,HkMunfjcif;onf pdwf0dnmOfudkvIyf&Sm;ap&ef Edk;Mum;aponfrSmvnf;

rSefuefrI&Sdonf/}} (Ellen G. White, Comments, The SDA Bible Commen-

tary, vol. 6, p. 1111).

-0-


0dnmOfawmfyuwdtwkdif;touf&Sifjcif;0dnmOfawmfyuwdtwkdif;touf&Sifjcif;0dnmOfawmfyuwdtwkdif;touf&Sifjcif;0dnmOfawmfyuwdtwkdif;touf&Sifjcif;0dnmOfawmfyuwdtwkdif;touf&Sifjcif;




zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 5;16-25/ w&m;a[m 13;4?5/

a&mr 7;14-24/ a,&rd 7;9/ a[ma&S 4;2/ róJ 22;35-40/



]]igynwfonfum;? 0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;usihfMuavmh/]]igynwfonfum;? 0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;usihfMuavmh/

]]igynwfonfum;? 0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;usihfMuavmh/]]igynwfonfum;? 0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;usihfMuavmh/]]igynwfonfum;? 0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;usihfMuavmh/

xdkodk Yusih fvQif Zmwdyuwd\tvdkodk YrvdkufbJaeMuvdrf hrnf}}xdkodk Yusih fvQif Zmwdyuwd\tvdkodk YrvdkufbJaeMuvdrf hrnf}}

xdkodk Yusih fvQif Zmwdyuwd\tvdkodk YrvdkufbJaeMuvdrf hrnf}}xdkodk Yusih fvQif Zmwdyuwd\tvdkodk YrvdkufbJaeMuvdrf hrnf}}xdkodk Yusih fvQif Zmwdyuwd\tvdkodk YrvdkufbJaeMuvdrf hrnf}}

(*vmwd 5;16)/(*vmwd 5;16)/

(*vmwd 5;16)/(*vmwd 5;16)/(*vmwd 5;16)/

vlêuduftrsm;qHk;xJu c&pf,mefoDcsif;wpfyk'frSm Robert

Robinson \ ]]r*Fvmqkaygif;jzpfyGm;&musL;}} jzpfonf/ odkYaomfjim;

vnf; Robinson rSm ,HkMunfjcif;tm;BuD;oltjrJr[kwfcJhacs/ olYzcif

aoqHk;jcif;onf olYtm;pdwfqdk;apum? umrvdkufpm;jcif;ESihfaomufMuL;

jcif;xJodkY usa&mufoGm;cJhonf/ emrnfBuD;w&m;a[mq&m George

Whitefield \w&m;a[mcsufudkMum;NyD;aemuf? Robinson onf rdrd

toufwmudk ocifbk&m;xHtyfESHum rufo'pftoif;awmf\oif;tkyf

q&mjzpfvmNyD;? txufygoDcsif;udkpyfqdkcJhonf/ oDcsif;\rl&if;pmom;

rSm ]]tdkaus;Zl;aMumihftjypfom;BuD;jrwfay? aeYpOfuREkfyf½kef;uefvkyf&&Sm?

udk,fawmf\aumif;jrwfjcif;onf ajccsKyfuJhodkY? vSnfhvnfaomESvHk;

udk udk,fawmfESihfwGJvsufcsnf}} [líjzpfonf/

145 146

F- 10

vSnfhvnfaeaomc&pf,mefpdwfESvHk; [laompmom;udkrESpfouf

aomaMumihf wpfpHkwpfOD;onf ¤if;pmom;udk ]]&Sdcdk;vdk\ocif? uREfkyf

cHpm;? uREfkyf0wfûyaombk&m;udkcspfvdkyg\}} [líjzpfonf/

t,f'Dwmonf aumif;aom&nf&G,fcsuf&Sdapumrl? rl&if;pmom;

onf c&pf,mefwpfa,muf\½kef;uefrIudk twdtusazmfjyay;onf/

,HkMunfolrsm;taejzihf uREfkyfwdkYonf ZmwdESihf0dnmOfobm0ESpfrsKd;udk

ydkifqdkifum? ¤if;wdkYonf qefYusifaeMuonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\Zmwdobm0

onf bk&m;ocifxHrSvSnfhvnf&ef tjrJwrf; ]]wdrf;ñGwf}} aeaomf

vnf;? tu,fíuREfkyfwdkYonf 0dnmOfawmfxHodkYtyfESH&efvdkvdkvm;vm;

&SdcJhaomf? Zmwdyuwd\&r®ufü uRefûyjcif;cH&efrvdktyfacs/ þt&m

rSm þtywftwGufusrf;csufrS aygvkowif;pum;\qdkvdk&if;jzpfonf/

we*FaEG pufwifbm 10pufwifbm 10pufwifbm 10pufwifbm 10pufwifbm 10

0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;avQmufvSrf;jcif;0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;avQmufvSrf;jcif;

0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;avQmufvSrf;jcif;0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;avQmufvSrf;jcif;0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;avQmufvSrf;jcif;

*vmwd 5;16 udkzwfyg/ ]]avQmufvSrf;jcif;}} [laomt,ltq

onf ,HkMunfjcif;toufwmESihf rnfodkYywfoufrI&Sdoenf;/ w&m;a[m

13;4?5/ a&mr 13;13/ {zuf 4;1?17/ aumavmoJ 1;10/

]]avQmufvSrf;jcif;}} rSm vlwpfOD;ûyrl&rnfhenf;vrf;udk ñTef;qdk

aom"r®a[mif;usrf;rScdkif;EdIif;csufqGJ,ljcif;jzpfonf/ rdrdudk,fwdkif ,k'

vljzpfaomaygvkonf c&pf,meftoufwmudkazmfjyonfh ûyrlaexdkifyHk

rsKd;udkazmfjy&ef ol\Mo0g'pmrsm;wGif þcdkif;EdIif;csufudk rMumcP

toHk;ûyonf/ þcdkif;EdIif;csufudkoltoHk;ûyonfrSm a&S;OD;toif;awmf

udk OD;pGmac:qdkaomemrnfESihfqufpyfae[ef&Sdonf/ a,½Iaemufvdkuf

olrsm;udk c&pf,mefrsm; (wref 11;26) [krac:qdkrD? olwdkYtm;

]]vrf;c&D;}} \aemufvdkufrsm;tjzpf tvG,fwulod&SdcJhMuonf (a,m[ef

14;6/ wref 22;4/ 24;14)/ þtcsufonf tapmydkif;umvu

yifvQif c&pf,mefbmomonf a,½IudkA[dkûyaombmoma&;oGefoif

csufESihfqdkifaom ,HkMunfcsuftpHkomr[kwfbJ? ]]avQmufvSrf;}} &rnfh

toufwm\ ]]vrf;c&D;}} vnf;jzpfayonf/

avQmufvSrf;jcif;taMumif; aygvk\cdkif;EdIif;csufonf "r®a[mif;

usrf;üawGU&aomt&mESihf rnfonfhenf;tm;jzihfjcm;em;oenf;/ xGuf

16;4/ 0wfûy 18;4/ a,&rd 44;23 wdkYESihf *vmwd 5;16?25/ a&mr

8;4 wdkYudkEdIif;,SOfyg/

ûyrlaexdkifjcif;udk "r®a[mif;usrf;wGif ]]avQmufvSrf;jcif;}} [k

vG,fvG,fteufrjyefqkdbJ? ]]ynwfw&m;twdkif;avQmufvSrf;jcif;}} [k

omíwduspGmteufjyefqdkonf/ Halakhah qdkonfrSm ynwfw&m;ESihf

,k'bdk;ab;rsm;\usrf;ESihfqdkifaom xHk;wrf;pOfvmrsm;üawGU&onfh

pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;&nfñTef;&ef ,k'vlwdkYtoHk;ûyaom Oya'qdkif&m

a0g[m&jzpfonf/ Halakhah udk ]],k'ynwfw&m;}} [kbmomjyefqdk

aeusjzpfaomfvnf;? ¤if;pum;vHk;onf trSeftm;jzihf ]]vrf;avQmuf

onf}} [laoma[jAJpum;vHk;ay:tajccHum? ]]avQmuf&rnfhvrf;}} [k

wdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,f&Sdonf/

]]0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;avQmufvSrf;jcif;}} [laom aygvk\

a&;om;csufrSm ynwfw&m;udkem;axmifjcif;ESihfqefYusifraeacs/

c&pf,mefwdkYonf ynwfw&m;udkcsKd;azmufonfhenf;vrf;jzihf touf&Sif

&rnf[k oltqdkûyjcif;r[kwfacs/ wpfzefaygvkonf ynwfw&m;

(odkYr[kwf) ynwfw&m;vdkufavQmufjcif;ukd qefYusifaejcif;r[kwfacs/

olqefYusifonfht&mrSm ynwfw&m;udkwvGJtoHk;ûyonfhynwfw&m;

udkom t"duxm;onfhenf;vrf;jzpfonf/ bk&m;ocifvdkcsifawmfrlonfh

ppfrSefaomem;axmifjcif;udk tjyifyef;aphaqmfrIjzihf b,faomtcgrQ

r&&SdEkdifbJ? 0dnmOfawmftm;jzihf pdwfxJrSvIHYaqmfrItm;jzihfom &&SdEdkif

onf (*vmwd 5;18)/

147 148

]]0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;usihfjcif;}} udk oifudk,fwdkifrnfuJhodkY

awGUêuHcJhbl;oenf;/ ¤if;udkoifrnfuJhodkYvkyfaqmifoenf;/ þuJhodkY

usihf&ef omícufcJapaom rnfonfhtavhtxrsm; oifhtoufwm

ü&Sdoenf;/

wevFm pufwifbm 11

c&pf,mefwpfOD;\y#dyu©c&pf,mefwpfOD;\y#dyu©

c&pf,mefwpfOD;\y#dyu©c&pf,mefwpfOD;\y#dyu©c&pf,mefwpfOD;\y#dyu©

]]taMumif;rlum;? ZmwdyuwdESihf0dnmOfyuwdonf wpfyg;ESihf

wpfyg;qefYusifaomtvdk&SdMu\/ wpfyg;ESihfwpfyg;qefYusifbufjzpfí

oifwdkYonf usihfcsifaomtusihfudkrusihfEkdifMu}} (*vmwd 5;27/ a&mr

7;14-24 udkvnf;zwfyg)/ ,HkMunfolwpfOD;taejzihf oifhudk,fydkif

toufwmwGif þpmom;rsm;\trSefwu,fMurf;wrf;emusifrIudk

rnfuJhodkYawGUêuHcHpm;bl;oenf;/

aygvkazmfjyaom½kef;uefrIrSm vlom;tm;vHk;&ifqdkif&aom

½kef;uefrIr[kwfacs/ wdwdususajym&vQif ¤if;onf c&pf,mefwpfOD;

ü&Sdaeaom twGif;pdwfrSr[mvGefqGJjcif;udk&nfñTef;onf/ vlom;onf

ZmwdyuwdtvdkESifhudkufnDí arG;zGm;vmMuaomaMumihf (a&mr 8;7)?

uREfkyfwdkYonf 0dnmOfawmftm;jzihf topfarG;zGm;vmaomtcgrQomvQif

trSeftuef0dnmOfa&;wdkufvSefyGJonf pwifxGufay:vmonf (a,m[ef

3;6)/ odkYqdk&mwGif c&pf,mefr[kwfaomolwdkYonf udk,fusihfw&m;ESihf

qdkifaomy#dyu©udk b,faomtcgrQrawGUêuHMu[krqdkvdkacs/ trSef

wu,folwdkYawGUêuH&onf/ odkYaomf ¤if;y#dyu©yifvQif tqHk;wGif

0dnmOfawmfaMumihfjzpfonf/ odkYaomfvnf; c&pf,mefwpfOD;\½kef;uef

rIudk tjcm;½IaxmihfrSMunfh&rnf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf ,HkMunfol

wpfOD;onf wpfckESihfwpfckwdkufcdkufaeaom ZmwdyuwdESifh0dnmOfyuwd

wnf;[laom t&mESpfckudkydkifqdkifxm;onf/

ordkif;wpfavQmuf c&pf,mefwdkYonf þ½kef;uefrIrSoufom

jcif;&&eftwGuf awmihfwaecJhMuonf/ vlwcsKdUonf þ½kef;uefrIudk

tqHk;owf&ef vlYtodkuft0ef;rSxGufoGm;MupOf? tjcm;olrsm;url þ

tjypfobm0udk bk&m;ocif\aus;Zl;u½kPmvkyfaqmifrIjzihf zsufypf

Ekdifonf[kqdkMuonf/ þêud;pm;tm;xkwfrIESpfckpvHk;onf vGJacsmfae

onf/ 0dnmOfawmf\wefcdk;tm;jzihf Zmwdyuwd\tvdkudk trSefwu,f

csKd;ESdrfEkdifaomfvnf;? 'kwd,tBudrf<uvmcsdefü uREfkyfwdkYonf cEmopf

r&rDwdkifatmif þ½kef;uefrIonf enf;rsKd;pHkjzihfqufvuf&Sdaernf/

vlYtodkuft0ef;rSxGufoGm;jcif;tm;jzihf ½kef;xGufEkdifrnfr[kwfacs/

tb,faMumihfqdkaomf uREfkyfwdkYrnfonfhae&moGm;oGm;? þ½kef;uefrIudk

uREfkyfwdkY,loGm;Muum? raorD (odkYr[kwf) c&pfawmfjyefr<umvmrD

wdkifatmif&Sdaeayrnf/

olwdkYvkyfcsifonfht&mudk rvkyfaqmifapaomc&pf,mefwdkYtxJ

ü&SdaomwdkufyGJtaMumif;udk aygvkonf a&mr (7) wGifa&;om;csdefü?

olonf xdkwdkufyGJ\yrmPmtjynfhtpHkudk rD;armif;xdk;jyaeonf/ uREfkyf

wdkYonf obm0w&m;ESpfckudkydkifqdkifaomaMumihf wpfBudrfwpfcgwdkufyGJ

\ESpfzufpvHk;wGif uREfkyfwdkY&Sdaewwfonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\0dnmOfa&;tydkif;

onf 0dnmOfa&;ESihfqdkifaomt&mudkvdkcsifNyD; ZmwdESihfqdkifaomt&mudk

pufqkyfMuonf/ odkYaomfvnf; uREfkyfwdkY\Zmwdyuwdonf Zmwd

ESihfqdkifaomt&mrsm;udkawmihfwNyD; 0dnmOfa&;ESihfqdkifaomt&mudkqefYusif

aewwfonf/ ajymif;vJaompdwfonf ZmwdpdwfudkrdrdbmomwGef;vSef

&ef tvGeftm;enf;aeaomaMumihf ZmwdpdwfoabmudkESdrfeif;&ef uREfkyf

wdkYü&Sdonfh wpfckwnf;aomarQmfvihfcsufrSm 0dnmOfawmfbufom;jzpf&ef

aeYpOfqHk;jzwfcsufûyvkyfNyD; uREfkyfwdkY\tjypf&Sdaom udk,fudkqefYusifjcif;

jzpfonf/ þtaMumif;aMumihf 0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;vdkufavQmuf&ef

150149

uREfkyfwdkYa&G;cs,f&rnfjzpfaMumif; aygvkonfravQmhwrf;ajymqdkaejcif;

jzpfonf/

þobm0w&m;ESpfcktMum;wdkufyGJudk oifudk,fwdkifawGUêuHrIrS?

rdrdudk,fudktjrJ½kef;uefae&jcif;rS ½kef;xGuf&efêud;pm;aeaomc&pf,mef

wpfOD;twGuf rnfonfhtMuHay;rnfenf;/

t*Fg pufwifbm 12

Zmwdyuwdtusih fZmwdyuwdtusih f

Zmwdyuwdtusih fZmwdyuwdtusih fZmwdyuwdtusih f

ZmwdyuwdESihf0dnmOfyuwdtMum;wnf&SdaomwdkufyGJudk ed'gef;

ysKd;NyD;aemuf? aygvkonf *vmwd 5;18-26 wGif þqefYusifbuf

oabmw&m;udk vlYusihf0wfraumif;rIESihfoDvyg&rDpm&if;wdkYudkûypkum

us,fus,fjyefYjyefY&Sif;vif;azmfjyonf/ raumif;rIrsm; (odkYr[kwf) tusihf

oDvrsm;pm&if;ûypkjcif;rSm ,k'vlwdkYESihf Greek tawG;tac:vTrf;rdk;aom

a&mrvlwdkYwGif aumif;pGmwnf&SdNyD;aompmayjzpfonf/ þpm&if;rsm;rSm

a&Smif&rnfhtûytrlrsm;ESihf twk,l&rnfhoDvrsm;jzpfMuonf/

atmufusrf;ydk'frsm;wGifazmfjyaom raumif;rIESihfoDvpm&if;udk

aocsmpGmppfaq;yg/ *vmwd 5;19-24 rS aygvk\pm&if;onf atmufyg

usrf;csufrsm;ESihf rnfonfhenf;tm;jzihfwloa,mif&Sdaomfvnf;jcm;em;

oenf;/ a,&rd 7;9/ a[ma&S 4;2/ rmuk 7;21?22/ 1wd 3;2?3/

1ay 4;3/ Asm 21;8/

aygvkonf raumif;rIESihfoDvpm&if;udkaumif;pGmodaeaomf

vnf;? *vmwdMo0g'pmwGif ¤if;pm&if;ESpfckudktoHk;ûyyHkrSm odompGm

jcm;em;rIrsm;&Sdonf/ yxrtaejzihf? aygvkonf þpm&if;ESpfckjcm;em;

csufudk EdIif;,SOfjyaomfvnf;? wpfyHkpHwnf;&nfñTef;azmfjyjcif;r&Sdacs/

tusihfqdk;rsm;udk ]]Zmwdyuwdtusihfrsm;}} uJhodkYowfrSwfaomfvnf;?

aumif;aomtusihfoDvudkrl ]]0dnmOfawmf\toD;}} uJhodkYazmfjyonf/

þt&mrSm ta&;BuD;aomjcm;em;rIjzpfonf/ James D. G. Dunn onf

]]Zmwdyuwdonfawmif;qdkí? 0dnmOfyuwdrlum;xkwfvkyfay;onf/

tusihfqdk;rsm;onf pdk;&drfzG,frdrdudk,fudk,HkMunfvGef;jcif;ESihf tvGeftuRH

rdrdtvdkvdkufjcif;wdkYudkazmfjyNyD;? aumif;aomtusihfurl olwpfyg;

taMumif; at;csrf;jcif;? MuHhMuHhcHEkdifpGrf;? ,HkMunftm;xm;jcif;taMumif;

wdkYudk omíazmfjyonf/ yxrwpfckrSm vlom;\jc,fvS,frIudktom;

ay;um tjcm;wpfckurl twGif;pdwfajymif;vJjcif;onf ,HkMunfpdwfcs

&aomaexdkifûyrlrI\t&if;jzpfaMumif;udk bk&m;ocifonf jzpfajrmuf

aponf (odkYr[kwf) wGef;tm;ay;onf[laomtcsufjzpfonf/}} (The

Epistle to the Galatians, p. 308).

aygvkûypkonfhpm&if;ESpfck\pdwf0ifpm;zG,f'kwd,jcm;em;rIrSm

tusihfqdk;pm&if;udkwrif&nf&G,fNyD; ]]Zmwdyuwd\tusihfrsm;}} [lí

trsm;udef;jzihfazmfjyonf/ odkY&mwGif ]]0dnmOfawmftoD;}} rlum;? wpfck

tjzpfazmfjyonf/ þjcm;em;csufuazmfjyonfrSm Zmwdyuwdjzihfaexdkif

aomtoufwmonf uGJjym;jcif;? ½IyfaxG;jcif;? oabmxm;uGJvGJjcif;ESihf

rpnf;vHk;rIwdkYxuf rnfonfht&mudkrQrtm;ay;Ekdifacs/ xdkt&mESihf

qefYusifí 0dnmOfyuwdjzihfaexdkifaomtoufwmrlum;? pnf;vHk;jcif;

udktm;ay;onfht&nftcsif;udk;ckygaom 0dnmOfawmftoD;wpfvHk;udk

oD;aponf/

þtajctaeudkMunfhum vlwcsKdUu vlwpfOD;onf ½dk;om;

rSefuefrI&Sdaeoa&GU bk&m;ocifudk,HkMunfonfht&monf trSefwu,f

ta&;rBuD;[kqdkMuonf/ þt&mxuf or®mw&m;rSa0;uGmaomt&m

bmrQr&SdEdkifawmhacs/ aygvk\raumif;aomtusihfrsm;onf qefYusif

bufudkazmfjyonf/ bk&m;ociftaMumif; ysufpD;aom½Ijrifjcif;onf

vdifqufqHjcif;? bmoma&;ESihfudk,fusifhw&m;taMumif;t,ltqrsm;udk

151 152

vGJacsmfapum? vlom;qufqHa&;udkysufjym;aponf/ xdkYjyifru ¤if;onf

xm0&toufudkvnf; qHk;½HI;jcif;odkYydkYaqmifay;Ekdifonf/ (*vmwd 5;21)/

]]Zmwdyuwd\tusihfrsm;}} tm;vHk;udkMunfhyg/ ynwfawmf

(10) yg;rS wpfck (odkYr[kwf) wpfckruusL;vGef&ma&mufaMumif;udk

rnfonfhenf;tm;jzihf oifjrifEkdifoenf;/

Ak'¨[l; pufwifbm 13

0dnmOfawmf\toD; (*vmwd 5;22-24)0dnmOfawmf\toD; (*vmwd 5;22-24)

0dnmOfawmf\toD; (*vmwd 5;22-24)0dnmOfawmf\toD; (*vmwd 5;22-24)0dnmOfawmf\toD; (*vmwd 5;22-24)

]]0dnmOfyuwd\tusKd;rlum; cspfjcif;? 0rf;ajrmufjcif;? Nidrfouf

jcif;? pdwf&Snfjcif;? aus;Zl;ûyjcif;? aumif;jrwfjcif;? opömapmihfjcif;?

El;nHhodrfarGUjcif;? umr*kPfcsKyfwnf;jcif;aywnf;/ xdkodkYaomtusihf

udk tb,fw&m;rQrjrpfwm;}} (*vmwd 5;22?23)/ þusrf;csufrsm;

wGifazmfjyouJhodkY ynwfawmf (10) yg;udkvdkufemjcif;onf rnfonfh

enf;tm;jzih f 0dnmOfawmftoD;udka&mifjyef[yfoenf; (róJ

5;21?22?27?28/ 22;35-40 wdkYudkvnf;zwfyg)/

ynwfawmf (10) yg;onf rnfolYudkcspf&rnf[laom a&G;cs,f

p&mr[kwfyg/ ¤if;onf bk&m;ocifESihfvlom;ESpfOD;pvHk;udk uREfkyfwdkY

rnfodkYcspfjcif;arwåmjyo&rnfudk vrf;jyulnDay;onf/ odkYaomfvnf;

¤if;onf ynwfawmf\pmom;udkausmfvGefaomfvnf;? cspfjcif;onf

ynwfawmfESihfuGJvGJrIr&Sdacs/ bk&m;ocifESihfuREfkyfwdkYtdrfeD;csif;udkcspf&

rnf[laomoabmw&m;onf ynwfawmf (10) yg;udkysufjy,fapvQif

obm0w&m;ukdcspfjcif;onf urÇm hqGJtm;ed,mrudkysufjy,faponf[k

ajymjcif;uJhodkYyifjzpfonf/

Zmwdyuwdtusihf (15) rsKd;udk pum;vHk;wpfckjzihfazmfjycsufESihf

uGJvGJNyD; 0dnmOfawmftoD;udkrl pGJrufzG,foDv (9) rsKd;jzihfazmfjyonf/

usrf;pmynm&SifwdkYonf xdkoDvudk;rsKd;udk oHk;rsKd;wpfpHktaejzihfzGJUpnf;

aomfvnf;? pDxm;onfhtpDtpOfusrIudk oabmrwlrIrsm;vnf;&Sdaeonf/

vlwcsKdUu oHk;yg;wpfqlbk&m;udk oG,f0dkuf&nfñTef;onf[k jrifMu

onf/ tjcm;olwdkYurl bk&m;ocif? uREfkyfwdkY\tdrfeD;csif;ESihftqHk;rSm

uREfkyfwdkYudk,fudk rnfodkYqufpyfESD;ET,frI&Sd&rnfqdkonfudkjyaom t&m

oHk;ck[kqdkonf/ tjcm;vlwcsKdUuvnf; xdk0dnmOfawmftoD;udk a,½I

udktajccHtm;jzihfazmfjyjcif;jzpfonf[kqdkMuonf/ þuJhodkYaom½Ijrif

oHk;oyfrIwpfckcsif;pDonf olY[molt"dyÜg,f&Sdygaomfvnf;? vspfvsL

r½Ixm;oifhonfh ta&;ygqHk;aomtcsufrSm aygvkonf c&pf,mef

toufwmwGif cspfjcif;arwåmonf ta&;tBuD;qHk;jzpfaMumif; tav;

ay;azmfjyjcif;jzpfonf/

aygvkonf cspfjcif;arwåmudk tusihfoDvudk;yg;wdkY\yxr

ae&mwGif a&;om;azmfjyjcif;rSm wdkufqdkifrIr[kwfacs/ olonf *vmwd

5;6?13 wGif c&pf,meftoufwmwGif cspfjcif;arwåmonf t"duus

aMumif;rD;armif;xdk;jyNyD;jzpfum? tjcm;usrf;csufrsm;rS tusihfoDvpm&if;

wGifvnf; cspfjcif;arwåmyg0ifonf (2aum 6;6/ 1wd 4;12/ 6;11

ESihf 2wd 2;22)/ pifppfrSm tjcm;aomtusihfoDvtm;vHk;udk c&pf,mef

r[kwfaomt&if;tjrpfrsm;wGifvnf;yg&SdNyD;? cspfjcif;arwåmrSmc&pf,mef

qefonf/ qdkvdkonfrSm cspfjcif;arwåmudk tusihfoDvtrsm;xJuwpfck

tjzpfom½Ijrif&efr[kwfbJ? tjcm;tusihfoDvtm;vHk;twGuf t"du

aomhcsufjzpfaom ta&;BuD;qHk;aomc&pf,meftusihfoDvtjzpf ½Ijrif

&rnf/ cspfjcif;arwåmonf xif&Sm;onfh0dnmOfawmftoD;jzpfum (1aum

13;13/ a&mr 5;5)? ¤if;onf c&pf,mefwdkif;\toufwmESihfpdwfae

oabmxm;udk ay:vGifap&rnf (a,m[ef 13;34?35)/ odkYaomfvnf;

wpfcgwpfcg cspfjcif;arwåmjyo&efrSmcufcJayonf/

153 154

arwåmwGif rdrdudk,fudkrnfrQtxdjiif;y,f&rnfenf;/ rdrdudk,f

udkrjiif;y,fbJcspfí&ygovm;/ a,½Ionf cspfjcif;arwåmESihfrdrdudk,f

udkjiif;y,fjcif;taMumif; bmoifay;oenf;/

Mumoyaw; pufwifbm 14

atmifjrif&efenf;vrf;atmifjrif&efenf;vrf;

atmifjrif&efenf;vrf;atmifjrif&efenf;vrf;atmifjrif&efenf;vrf;

ZmwdyuwdESihf0dnmOfyuwdtMum;twGif; y#dyu©onf ,HkMunf

olwdkif;\pdwfESvHk;xJwGif tjrJjyif;xefaernfjzpfaomfvnf;? c&pf,mef

toufwmudkrl ½HI;edrfhjcif;? us½HI;jcif;ESihf tjypfw&m;rsm;u csKyfudkif

rnf[krqdkvdkacs/

*vmwd 5;16-26 t&? Zmwdyuwdtay: 0dnmOfawmfpdk;rdk;

aomtoufwmjzihf aexdkifaomtoufwm\t"duaomhcsufonf

tb,fenf;/

*vmwd 5;16-26 wGif 0dnmOfawmfpdk;rdk;aomtoufwmrsKd;udk

azmfjyonfh Bud,mig;ckyg&Sdonf/ yxrrSm ,HkMunfolonf 0dnmOf

yuwdtwkdif; ]]vdkufavQmuf}} &efvdktyfonf (tcef;i,f 16)/

¤if;twGuf Greek Bud,mrSm Peripateo jzpfum ]]vSnfhywfoGm;onf

(odkYr[kwf) aemufvdkufonf}} [k wdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,f&onf/ emrnf

ausmf Greek tawG;tac:ynm&Sif Aristotle \aemufvdkufrsm;udk

Peripatetics [kodMu&jcif;rSm olwdkYonf Aristotle oGm;onfhae&m

wdkif;udk vdkufMuaomaMumihfjzpfonf/ ¤if;Bud,monf ypöKyÜefumvu

jyaomBud,mjzpfjcif;rSm aygvkonf tcgtm;avsmfpGmvdkufavQmufjcif;

r[kwfbJ aeYpOfqufwkduftawGUtêuHudk ajymaejcif;jzpfaMumif;azmfjy

onf/ xdkYjyifru 0dnmOfyuwdtwkdif; ]]vdkufavQmuf}} &eftrdefYay;

onfht&mjzpfaejcif;aMumihf 0dnmOfyuwdtwkdif;vdkufavQmuf&efrSm

aeYpOfESihftrQ uREfkyfwdkYonf a&G;cs,f&rnfjzpfaMumif;qdkvdkonf/ 'kwd,

Bud,mrSm ]]tvdkodkYvdkufonf}} jzpfonf (tcef;i,f 18)/ qdkvdk

onfrSm uREfkyfwdkYoGm;&rnfhae&modkY 0dnmOfawmf\ydkYaqmifjcif;udkcGihfûy

&efvdktyfonf (a&mr 8;14/ 1aum 12;2 udkEdIif;,SOfyg)/ OD;aqmif

&efr[kwfbJ? aemufvdkuf&efrSm uREfkyfwdkY\tvkyfjzpfonf/

aemufBud,mESpfckudk *vmwd 5;25 wGifawGU&onf/ yxr

Bud,mrSm ]]touf&Sifaexdkifonf}} jzpfonf/ ]]touf&Sifaexdkifonf

[kqdk&mü aygvkonf ,HkMunfolwdkif;\toufwmudk trSwftom;

ûyonfh topfarG;zGm;jcif;tawGUtêuHudk&nfñTef;onf/ aygvkonf

ypöKyÜefumvjyBud,mudktoHk;ûyjcif;onf aeYpOftopfjzpfap&rnfh topf

arG;zGm;jcif;tawGUtêuHudkñTefjyonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf 0dnmOfyuwd

twdkif;touf&SifaomaMumifh uREfkyfwdkYonf 0dnmOfawmftm;jzihf

]]avQmufvSrf;}} &efvnf;vdktyfaMumif; aygvkqufa&;onf/ ]]avQmufvSrf;

onf}} [kjyefqdkaompum;vHk;onf tcef;i,f 16 ü&Sdaomt&mESihf

jcm;em;onf/ þusrf;csufrSrl&if;pum;vHk;rSm Stoicheo jzpfonf/

¤if;onf ]]wef;pDonf}} ]]ajcvSrf;twkdif;eif;onf}} (odkYr[kwf) ]]xHk;wrf;

pOfvmaemufvdkufonf}} [kqdkvdkaom ppfwyfa0g[m&wpfckjzpfonf/

qdkvdkonfrSm 0dnmOfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkYtm;toufudkay;awmfrlonfom

ru? aeYpOfuREfkyfwdkYtoufwmudkvrf;jy&ef[líjzpfonf/

tcef;i,f 24 wGif aygvktoHk;ûyaomBud,mrSm ]]uyfwdkif

wifowfonf}} jzpfonf/ þBud,mrSm tenf;i,fwkefvIyfp&m&Sdonf/

uREfkyfwdkYonf 0dnmOfawmfaemufodkYvdkufaomf? Zmwdyuwd\tvdkrsm;

udkowfypf&ef cdkifrmaomqHk;jzwfcsufcs&rnfjzpfonf/ trSefrSm aygvk

onf wifpm;ajymqdkaejcif;jzpfonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf uREfkyfwdkY\0dnmOf

a&;toufwmudk auR;arG;jcif;tm;jzihfvnf;aumif;? Zmwdyuwdtvdk

rsm;udk &du©mjzwfjcif;jzihfvnf;aumif; ZmwdyuwdudkowfypfEkdifonf/

oifhtm;xyfwvJvJvGwfajrmufapaom c&pfawmf\atmifjrif

jcif;ü oifhudkuwdxm;awmfrlaomatmifjrifjcif;rsm;udk&&SdEkdif&ef rnfonfh

ajymif;vJrIrsm;ESihfa&G;cs,frIrsm;udk ûyvkyf&rnfenf;/

155 156

aomMum pufwifbm 15



]]c&pf,mefwpfOD;\toufwmonf tjrJacsmarGUraeyg/ olonf

cufxefaomy#dyu©udkêuHawGU&rnf/ jyif;xefaompHkprf;jcif;rsm;onf

olYudkxdk;ESufaeonf/ ]]ZmwdyuwdESihf0dnmOfyuwdwdkYonf wpfyg;ESihf

wpfyg;qefYusifaomtvdk&SdMu\/}} uREfkyfwdkYonf urÇm\tqHk;ydkif;

udkomíeD;uyfvmav? &efol\wdkufcdkufrIrsm;onf omíxifa,mif

xifrSm;jzpfav? omícsKyfrdavjzpfvmrnf/ ol\wdkufcdkufrIrsm;onf

ydkíMurf;êuwfav? omírsm;vmavavjzpfrnf/ tvif;w&m;ESihfor®m

w&m;udkckcHolwdkYonf omípdwfESvHk;rmausmNyD; nHhzsif;vmum?

bk&m;ocifudkcspfí udk,fawmf\ynwfawmfudkvdkufavQmufaomolwdkY

tay: omícg;oD;avjzpfrnf/}} (Ellen G. White Comments, The SDA

Bible Commentary, vol. 6, p. 1111).

]]oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\vTrf;rdk;rIonf pdwfESvHk;xJu

c&pfawmf\toufjzpfonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf c&pfawmfudkjrifNyD;? olYtm;

pum;rajymaomfvnf; udk,fawmf\oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfonf tjcm;

ae&mrSmuJhodkY uREfkyfwdkYteD;wGif&Sdawmfrlonf/ c&pfawmfudk&&Sdaomvl

wkdif;\txJüaomfvnf;aumif;? olwdkYtm;jzihfaomfvnf;aumif; 0dnmOf

awmftvkyfvkyfawmfrlonf/ 0dnmOfawmf\udef;0yfrIudk od&SdaomolwdkY

onf 0dnmOfawmf\toD;rsm;jzpfaom cspfjcif;? 0rf;ajrmufjcif;? Nidrfouf

jcif;? pdwf&Snfjcif;? El;nHhodrfarGUjcif;? aumif;jrwfjcif;? ,HkMunfjcif;

wdkYudkazmfjyMuvdrfhrnf/}} (Ellen G. White Comments, The SDA Bible Com-

mentary, vol. 6, p. 1112).

-0-


{0Ha*vdw&m;ESihftoif;awmf{0Ha*vdw&m;ESihftoif;awmf{0Ha*vdw&m;ESihftoif;awmf{0Ha*vdw&m;ESihftoif;awmf{0Ha*vdw&m;ESihftoif;awmf




zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 6;1-10/ róJ 18;15-17/ 1aum

10;12/ a&mr 15;1/ a,m[ef 13;34/ vkum 22;3/



]]xdkaMumihfigwdkYonf tqifoifhonftwkdif; ,HkMunfjcif;]]xdkaMumihfigwdkYonf tqifoifhonftwkdif; ,HkMunfjcif;

]]xdkaMumihfigwdkYonf tqifoifhonftwkdif; ,HkMunfjcif;]]xdkaMumihfigwdkYonf tqifoifhonftwkdif; ,HkMunfjcif;]]xdkaMumihfigwdkYonf tqifoifhonftwkdif; ,HkMunfjcif;

\tdrfoltdrfom;wdkYü txl;ojzihfaus;Zl;ûyvsuf? cyfodrf;aom\tdrfoltdrfom;wdkYü txl;ojzihfaus;Zl;ûyvsuf? cyfodrf;aom

\tdrfoltdrfom;wdkYü txl;ojzihfaus;Zl;ûyvsuf? cyfodrf;aom\tdrfoltdrfom;wdkYü txl;ojzihfaus;Zl;ûyvsuf? cyfodrf;aom\tdrfoltdrfom;wdkYü txl;ojzihfaus;Zl;ûyvsuf? cyfodrf;aom

olwdkYtm; aus;Zl;ûyMuukeftHh}} (*vmwd 6;10)/olwdkYtm; aus;Zl;ûyMuukeftHh}} (*vmwd 6;10)/

olwdkYtm; aus;Zl;ûyMuukeftHh}} (*vmwd 6;10)/olwdkYtm; aus;Zl;ûyMuukeftHh}} (*vmwd 6;10)/olwdkYtm; aus;Zl;ûyMuukeftHh}} (*vmwd 6;10)/

v,form;wcsKdUonf oefpGrf;aomtyifrsm;udk rdrdwdkYtwGuf

csefxm;um? roefaomtyifrsm;udk rsKd;twGufxm;&efqHk;jzwfMuonf/

&dwfodrf;aomtcg pdwfysufMuNyD;aemuf obm0onf olwdkY\oD;ESH

rsm;udk zefa*:vDt&G,frQavmuftxd avQmhcsonfudkawGU&SdvmcJhMu

onf/ þratmifjrifrItm;jzihf xdkv,form;rsm;onf toufwm\

ta&;BuD;aomed,mrwpfckudk oif,lcJhMuonf/

]]olwdkYonf toufwm\taumif;qHk;aomt&mrsm;udk rdrd

wdkYtwGufxm;um? vufusefrsKd;aphrsm;twGuftoHk;ûyír&acs/ b0

ed,mronf &dwfodrf;jcif;onf pdkufysKd;onfht&mudk a&mifjyef[yfaMumif;

tckdiftrmjyoonf/

]]wpfenf;tm;jzihf nHhzsif;aomrsKd;aphpdkufysKd;jcif;udk vltawmfrsm;rsm;

usihfoHk;aeMuqJjzpfonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf toufwm\aumif;aomt&m

rsm;udk uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf&,lum vufusefrsm;udkpdkufysKd;Muonf/ wcsKdUaom

157 158

½l;rdkufNyD;rlrrSefaom0dnmOfa&;ed,mrrsm;tm;jzihf uREfkyfwdkY\wpfudk,f

aumif;qefjcif;udk udk,fusKd;riJhuGufrIjzihfqkcsay;vdrfhrnf[k uREfkyfwdkY

arQmfvihfMuonf/}} (International Student Fellowship Newsletter, March

2007).

aygvkonf þtajccHpnf;rsOf;udk *vmwd 6;1-10 wGiftoHk;

ûyonf/ toif;om;wdkYonf tcsif;csif;udkufpm;? zsufqD;rnfhtpm;

(*vmwd 5;15)? toif;awmfonf 0dnmOfawmfuuREfkyfwdkYtm; olwpfyg;

udkrddrdwdkYxufOD;pm;ay;&ef ydkYaqmifonfhae&mjzpf&ygrnf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf

aus;Zl;awmftm;jzihf u,fwifjcif;cH&onfudk em;vnfoabmayguf

jcif;onf uREfkyfwdkYudkESdrfhcsapum? olwpfyg;ESihfqufqH&mwGif omí

pdwf&SnfNyD; tMuifemydk&rnfjzpfonf/


vJolud kxlrjcif;vJolud kxlrjcif;

vJolud kxlrjcif;vJolud kxlrjcif;vJolud kxlrjcif;

c&pf,meftoufwm\oabmobm0twGuf aygvkonf

tvGefjrihfrm;aomarQmfvihfcsuf&SdaepOf (*vmwd 5;16)? *vmwd 6;1

rS,HkMunfolrsm;xH ol\tMuHûycsufonf tm;wufapaomvufawGU

usonfht&mjzpfonf/ vlom;rsm;onfrjynfhpHkacs/ qufuyfqHk;aom

c&pf,mefrsm;yifvQif trSm;ESihfruif;Muacs/ Greek bmomtm;jzihf

*vmwd 5;16 wGif aygvktoHk;ûyaompum;vHk;rsm;onf wpfcsdefwpfcg

wGif toif;awmfxJüjzpfEkdifajc&Sdonfhtajctaewpfckudk olonfêudjrif

aeaMumif;jyovsuf&Sdonf/ xdkuJhodkYaomtajctaersKd;a&mufvmaom

tcg rnfuJhodkYudkifwG,f&rnftaMumif; vufawGUusaomtMuHudk

aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYtm;ay;onf/

rdwfaqG,HkMunfolwpfOD;onf rSm;,Gif;aomtûytrludkûyvkyfcJh

aomf c&pf,mefwdkYonf rnfuJhodkYwHkYjyef&rnfenf;/ *vmwd 6;1/

róJ 18;15-17/

*vmwd 6;1 u aygvk\tMuHûycsufrS tusKd;tjrwf&&SdEkdif

&ef? uREfkyfwdkYonf aygvkpdwfxJü&Sdaomtajctaetwdtusudk em;vnf

&efvdktyfonf/ xdkodkYem;vnfEdkif&mpmaMumif;yxrtydkif;rS toHk;ûy

aompum;vHk;ESpfckudkavhvm&ygrnf/ yxrpum;vHk;rSm ]]zrf;rdonf}}

(ESV) jzpfonf/ ¤if;pum;vHk;onf ]]&SmazGawGU&Sdonf? ausmfwuf

oGm;onf? (odkYr[kwf) tidkufzrf;onf}} [lí wdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,f&

onf/ tajctaeESihf¤if;pum;vHk;ESihfqufET,fNyD; rodromuGJjym;rIwdkY

onf aygvkpdwfxJwGif ½IaxmihfESpfck&SdaeaMumif; xif[yfaponf/

¤if;onf ,HkMunfolwpfOD;onf tjcm;aom,HkMunfolwpfOD;u trSm;

rsm;ûyvkyfaepOf ]]zrf;rdonf}} [kazmfjyonfomru? wpfpHkwpfOD;onf

a&SmifvGJEdkifygvsufESihf ¤if;tûytrlu rdrdudk ]]zrf;rdjcif;}} (okwåH 5;22

udkzwfyg) jzpfpOfudkvnf;&nfñTef;onf/

aygvkaqG;aEG;aomtrSm;ûyvkyfjcif;onf wrif&nf&G,fvsuf

vkyfaqmifjcif;rsKd;r[kwfaMumif; oltoHk;ûyaoma0g[m&rStaxmuftxm;

jyae[ef&Sdonfh ]]trSm;}} (KJV) odkYr[kwf ]]tjypf}} (NIV) [kbmom

jyefqdkaom Greek pum;vHk;rSm paraptoma jzpfNyD;? wrif&nf&G,f

ûyvkyfonfhtjypfudkrqdkvdkbJ trSm;? cvkwfwdkufrdjcif;? (odkYr[kwf)

ajcvSrf;rSm;jcif;udkqdkvdkonf/ þtcsufudk 0dnmOfyuwdtwkdif;usihf

jcif;taMumif; tvsif&Sifaygvka&;om;csufrSMunfhaomf txl;ojzihf

t"dyÜg,f&Sdonf/ þtcsufonf vlwpfOD;\trSm;twGufqifjcif

r[kwfaomfvnf;? aygvkonf rsufESmajymiftjypfûyonfhudpö (1aum

5;1-5) udkajymaejcif;r[kwfaMumif;xif&Sm;onf/

xdkuJhodkYaomtajctaersKd;udk pepfwuswHkYjyef&mwGif tjypf

'Pfay;jcif;? tjypfwifpGyfpGJjcif; (odkYr[kwf) MuOfxm;jcif;rsKd;rûyvkyf

bJ? e*dktajctaejyefa&muf&ef xlray;jcif;jzpfonf/ ]]e*dktwkdif;jyef

jzpfaponf}} [kjyefqdkaom Greek pum;vHk;rSm katartizo jzpfNyD;?

160159

]]zmax;onf}} (odkYr[kwf) ]]pepfwuspDonf}} [kqdkvdkonf/ "r®opf

usrf;wGif þpum;vHk;udk ydkufuGefrsm; ]]zmax;onf}} [ktoHk;ûyum

(róJ 4;21)? Greek pmay? aq;0g;a0g[m&tjzpf ¤if;udkusKd;aom

t½dk;udkjyefqufay;onfhvkyfief;pOfudk azmfjy&eftoHk;ûyonf/ uREfkyfwdkY

onf vJNyD;ajcaxmufusKd;aomrdwfaqG,HkMunfolwpfOD;udk pGefYypfxm;

rnfr[kwfouJhodkY c&pfawmfudk,fcE¨m\t*Fgtpdwftydkif;rsm;taejzihf

uREfkyfwdkYonf bk&m;ocif\EkdifiHawmfodkYoGm;&mvrf;c&D;wGif twlwuG

oGm;aepOf uREfkyfwdkY\nDtpfudkarmifESrrsm;onf cvkwfwdkufvJusonf

&Sdaomf nifompGmûypkMu&rnf/

róJ 18;15-17 udkvdkufavQmufusihfrnfhtpm;? tb,faMumihf

uREfkyfwdkYonf uREfkyfwdkYpdwfqdk;aomolwdkYraumif;aMumif;udk rMumcP

ajymNyD; xdkoltay:wtHkaEG;aEG;a'goxGufum vufpm;acs&efyifMuHpnf

Muoenf;/

wevFm pufwifbm 18

pH kprf;jcif;ud kowdxm;ygpH kprf;jcif;ud kowdxm;yg

pH kprf;jcif;ud kowdxm;ygpH kprf;jcif;ud kowdxm;ygpH kprf;jcif;ud kowdxm;yg

]]emoefuvnf; ('g0d'ftm;) xdkolum; udk,fawmfyifjzpf\

[kqdk\}} (2&m 12;7)/

uREkfyfwdkYonf pHkprf;jcif;aemufodkYrvdkufrdap&ef rdrdwdkYtoufwm

udkapmihfMuyf&rnf[laom *vmwd 6;1 rS aygvkpum;\av;eufrI

udk vspfvsLr½Ityfay/ aygvktMuHûyjcif;aemufuG,frS ta&;wBuD;

jzpfjcif;ESihf udk,fydkifpdk;&drfrIwdkYudkñTefjycsufudk olarwåm&yfcHonfhyHkpHtm;

jzihf jrifawGUEkdifonf/ ]]axmufxm;n§mwmonf}} (KJV) odkYr[kwf

]]*½kpdkufonf}} (NRSV) [kjyefqdkaompum;vHk;onf ]]aoaocsmcsm

Munfhonf}} (odkYr[kwf) ]]aocsmem;axmifonf}} [lí wdkuf½dkufqdkvdk

onf (a&mr 16;17/ zdvdyÜd 2;4 udkEdIif;,SOfyg)/ xdkaMumihf aygvk

wdkuf½dkufajymaeonfrSm trSwfrxiftjypfw&m;onf oifhudkr,laqmif

rnftaMumif; ]]rdrdudk,fudk*½kwpdkufapmihfMunfhyg}} [líjzpfonf/ þ

owday;csufudkavhvmaomf? aygvkonf usrf;csuf\yxrtydkif;wGif

]]oifwdkY}} [líoHk;&mrSm (*vmwd 6;1) \'kwd,ydkif;wGifrl tenf;jy

]]oif}} [lí ajymif;oHk;onfudkawGU&Sd&onf/ þt&monf toif;awmf

wpfckvHk;udkowday;onfh a,bk,sowday;csufr[kwfbJ? toif;awmf

xJü&Sdaom vlwpfOD;csif;pDudk rdrdudk,fwkdifowday;pum;ajymjcif;

jzpfonf/

*vmwdvlwdkYtm; jyif;xefpGmowday;aom pHkprf;jcif;\oabm

obm0udk aygvkonf &Sif;vif;pGmrazmfjyacs/ olYpdwfxJü wdusonfh

jypfrSm;rIr&SdbJ? tjcm;olwdkYudkjyefvnfxlay;&efêud;pm;Muonfh rnfonfh

tjypfrqdk? tvm;wltjypfrsKd;rusL;vGefjcif;tEÅ&m,fudk tvG,fwul

&nfñTef;jcif;vnf;jzpfEkdifayonf/ wpfcsdefwnf;wGif *vmwd 5;26

rS ]]ausmfapmudwådudkwyfrufjcif;}} udk ol\owday;pum;u olwdkY

onf olwdkYjyefvnfxlray;aomolwdkYxuf 0dnmOfa&;bufwGifomvGef

onf[kcHpm;jcif;udk olowday;aejcif;jzpfaMumif;jyoonf/

tb,faMumihfaygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYtm; 0dnmOfa&;b0if

jrihfjcif;udk owday;&efvdktyfoenf;/ 1aum 10;12/ róJ 26;34/

2&m 12;1-7 wdkYudkavhvmyg/

c&pf,meftoufwmwGif tBuD;rm;qHk;aomtEÅ&m,fwpfckrSm

uREfkyfwdkYonf tjypftrsKd;tpm;wcsKdUudk b,fenf;ESihfrqdkrusL;vGefEkdif

[laom 0dnmOfa&;b0ifjrifhjcif;yifjzpfonf/ &Sif;vif;aomtcsufrSm

bk&m;ocifudkqefYusifonfhobm0jzpfaom tvm;wltjypf&Sdaomobm0

udk uREfkyfwdkYtm;vHk;ydkifqdkifjcif;yifjzpfonf/ xdkaMumihf bk&m;ocifh0dnmOf

awmf\xdef;csKyfrIwefcdk;ryg&Sdaomf? tajctaeay;vmvQif rnfonfh

tjypfrqdk uREfkyfwdkYusL;vGefEkdifayonf/ c&pfawmfryg&Sdaom uREfkyfwdkY\

162161

F- 11

tjzpfrSefudk xdkodkYod&Sdjcif;onf rdrdudk,fudkajzmihfrwfonf[k,lqaom

tjypfxJusa&mufjcif;rSumuG,fEkdifum? trSm;ûyrdaomtjcm;olrsm;tay:

wGifvnf; omíBuD;rm;aomoem;jcif;u½kPmudk ay;pGrf;Ekdifvdrfhrnf/

wpfaeYwpfcsdefwGif oifudk,fwdkifûyrdaomtjypfudk ûyaomtjcm;

olwdkYtm; tBudrfrnfrQjypfwif½Iyfcsoenf;/

t*Fg pufwifbm 19

0efxkyfxrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;2-5)0efxkyfxrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;2-5)

0efxkyfxrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;2-5)0efxkyfxrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;2-5)0efxkyfxrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;2-5)

vJoludkxlay;jcif;tjyif rnfonfhtjcm;ñTefMum;csufrsm;udk

aygvkonf *vmwdûrdUrS,HkMunfolwdkYudkay;oenf;/ (*vmwd 6;2-

5/ a&mr 15;1/ róJ 7;12 wdkYukdvnf;zwfyg/)

*vmwd 6;7 rS ]]0ef}} [kbmomjyefqdkaom Greek pum;vHk;

rSm baros jzpfonf/ ¤if;rSm wpfpHkwpfOD;onf c&D;&SnfwGifo,faqmif

&onfh av;vHaomtav;csdef (odkYr[kwf) 0efudk wdkuf½dkuf&nfñTef;

onf/ odkY&mwGif tcsdefMumvmonfESihftrQ ¤if;onf aeyljyif;aom

wpfaeYwmvHk;vkyfaqmif&onfh 0efxkyf0efydk;uJhodkYaom 'ku© (odkYr[kwf)

tcuftcJrsKd;udk wifpm;&mwGiftoHk;ûyvmonf/ (róJ 20;12)/

]]0efwdkYudktcsif;csif;ulnDxrf;&GufMuavmh}} [laom aygvktrdefYay;jcif;

\vufiif;tajctaewGif tvsifusrf;csufrsm;üazmfjyonfh a&mif;&if;

,HkMunfolwdkY\udk,fusihfw&m;ysuf,Gif;rIrsm; {uefrkcsyg0ifaomfvnf;

pdwfxJü&Sdaom 0efxrf;jcif;oabmw&m;onf rsm;pGmomíus,fjyefY

onf/ aygvk\ñTefMum;csufwdkYonf vspfvsLr½Ityfonfh c&pf,mef

taMumif;0dnmOfa&;qdkif&mxdk;xGif;tjrifwcsKdUudkazmfjyonf/

yxrtaejzihf Timothy George a&;rSwfouJhodkY ]]c&pf,mef

wdkif;onf 0efxkyf&SdMuonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\0efxkyfrsm;onf t&G,ftpm;

ESihfyHkpHjcm;em;rnfjzpfum uREfkyfwdkYtoufwm\uHMur®may:rlwnfí

trsKd;tpm;vnf;uGJjym;vdrfhrnf/ ¤if;onf wcsKdUvlwdkYtwGuf tcef;i,f

(1) üazmfjyouJhodkY pHkprf;jcif;ESihfudk,fusihfw&m;ysuf,Gif;rI\&v'f

0efxkyf0efydk;rsm;jzpfonf/ tjcm;olwdkYtwGufrl udk,fum,zsm;emjcif;?

(okdYr[kwf) pdwfrlrrSefjcif;? (odkYr[kwf) rdom;pkta&;tcif;? (odkYr[kwf)

tvkyfvufrJhjzpfjcif;? (odkYr[kwf) ewfqdk;ESdyfpufjcif;? (odkYr[kwf)

tjcm;t&mrsm;pGmjzpfEkdifonf/ odkY&mwGif rnfonfhc&pf,mefrQ 0efxkyf

ESihfruif;Ekdifacs/}} (Galatians, p. 413).

'kwd,taejzihf? bk&m;ocifonf uREfkyfwdkY\0efxkyf0efydk;rsm;

udk uREfkyfwdkYomxrf;&Guf&efr&nf&G,facs/ uHraumif;pGm? uREfkyfwdkYonf

rdrdudk,fydkif0efxkyfudk olwpfyg;uulnDxrf;ay;&efcGihfûyjcif;xuf

olwpfyg;\0efxkyfudkulxrf;ay;&ef omvGefpGmvdkvdkvm;vm;&Sdaejcif;

jzpfonf/ aygvkonf þrdrdudk,fudkjynfhpHkonf[k rSwf,laompdwf

oabmxm;udk vlom;\rmefrmetjzpf½Iwfcsum (*vmwd 6;3)? uREfkyf

wdkYonfvnf; vdktyfcsufrsm;ESihftm;enf;csufrsm;&SdonfudkvufcH&ef

jiif;qdkjcif;uJhodkYjzpfaeaomaMumihfjzpfonf/ xdkuJhodkYaomrmefrmeonf

olwpfyg;\ESpfodrfhrIudkqHk;½HI;aponfomru? tjcm;olwdkYonf trI

aqmif&ef bk&m;ocifac:awmfrljcif;udkvnf; jynfhpHkapjcif;rSolwdkYudk

wm;qD;onf/

aemufqHk;taejzihf bk&m;ocifonf olwpfyg;\0efudkxrf;ay;

&ef uREfkyfwdkYtm;ac:awmfrlonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf uREfkyfwdkY\

vkyfaqmifrItm;jzihf bk&m;ocif\ESpfodrfhrIonf ay:vGifxif&Sm;onf/

þoabmw&m;rSm toif;awmfonf c&pfawmf\udk,fjzpfonf[l

aomtcsuftay: wnfaqmufxm;onf/ þtcsuf\Oyrmonf

aygvk\ ]]odkYaomfvnf;? ESdrfhcsvsuf&SdaomolwdkYudk oufomapawmf

rlwwfaombk&m;ocifonf wdwka&mufvmaomtm;jzihf igwdkYudkoufom

apawmfrl\}} (2aum 7;6) [laompum;wGifyg&Sdonf/ þtcsufudk

owdûyyg/ ]]bk&m;ocif\ESpfodrfhjcif;onf aygvkxHodkY ol\udk,fydkif

qkawmif;jcif;ESihf ocifbk&m;tay:apmihfarQmfjcif;rSrvmbJ? rdwfaqG\

tazmfûyjcif;ESihf ol,laqmifvmonfh aumif;aomowif;wdkYtm;jzihf

vmonf/

]]tcsif;csif;0efulxrf;ay;jcif;[laom vlom;\cifrif&if;ESD;rI

onf rdrdvlwdkYtwGuf bk&m;ocif\&nf&G,fcsufwpfpdwfwpfydkif;jzpf

onf/}} (John R. W. Stott, The Message of Galatians, p. 158).

rmefrme? &Sufjcif;? ,HkMunfrIr&Sdjcif;? rdrdudk,fudkjynfhpHkonf

[kcHpm;jcif; ponfwdkYwGif rnfonfht&monf olwpfyg;xHtultnD

awmif;cH&ef oifhtm;wm;jrpfoenf;/ tu,fívdktyfcJhaomf? tb,f

aMumihfoif,HkMunfonfhvlwpfa,mufudk&Smum xdkoltm;oifh0efxkyfudk

rrQa0oenf;/


c&pfawmf\w&m; (*vmwd 6;2-5)c&pfawmf\w&m; (*vmwd 6;2-5)

c&pfawmf\w&m; (*vmwd 6;2-5)c&pfawmf\w&m; (*vmwd 6;2-5)c&pfawmf\w&m; (*vmwd 6;2-5)

aygvkonf 0efxkyfxrf;jcif;ESihfc&pfawmf\w&m;jynfhpHkapjcif;

wdkYudk qufpyfxm;onf/ ]]c&pfawmf\w&m;}} onftb,fenf;/

*vmwd 5;14/ 6;2/ a,m[ef 13;34/ róJ 22;34-40/

aygvktoHk;ûyaom ]]c&pfawmf\w&m;}} [laompum;pkudk

tjcm;rnfonfhusrf;csufwGifrQ rawGU&acs/ odkYaomf tvm;oP²mefwl

pum;toHk;tEIef;udk aygvkonf 1aum 9;21 wGiftoHk;ûyonf/

þpum;pk\wpfrlxl;jcm;rIonf rwljcm;em;onfhteufjyefqdkrItrsKd;rsKd;

udkjzpfaponf/ vlwcsKdUonf þt&mrSm odemawmifwGifay;cJhaom

bk&m;ocif\ynwfw&m;udk tjcm;ynwfw&m;jzpfaom c&pfawmf\

w&m;jzihf tpm;xdk;NyD;jzpfaMumif; oufaotaxmuftxm;jzpfonf[k

rSm;,Gif;pGmjiif;qdkMuonf/ wcsKdUrlum; ynwfw&m;[laompum;vHk;onf

taxGaxG ]]pnf;rsOf;}} udkqdkvdkonf (a&mr 7;21 udkzwfyg) [kqdkum?

olwpfyg;\0efxkyfudkulxrf;jcif;jzihf uREfkyfwdkYonf a,½I\pHerlemudk

vdkufavQmufaMumif;qkdvdkonf[k qkdMujyefonf/ 'kwd,teufjyefqdk

rIonf t"dyÜg,fwcsKdU&Sdoa,mif&Sdaomfvnf;? *vmwd 5;14 rStajc

taeESihftvm;wla0g[m&wdkYu ]]c&pfawmf\w&m;udkusihf}} jcif;onf

cspfjcif;arwåmjzihf ynwfawmfq,fyg;udkusihfjcif;udk ñTef;qdkjcif;jzpfaMumif;

jyoonf/ aygvkonf apmapmu ol\Mo0g'pmwGif c&pfawmf

<uvmjcif;ESihftwl ynwfawmfq,fyg;ry,fzsufaMumif; jyoNyD;jzpf

onf/ xdkYtpm;? cspfjcif;arwåmjzihfo½kyfazmfonfh ynwfawmfq,fyg;

onf c&pf,meftoufwmwGif ta&;BuD;onfhu@üqufvuf&Sdaeyg

vdrfhrnf/ þt&mrSm a,½Ionf þavmuwGifomoemûypOf oGefoif

ay;aomt&m\pHerlemjzpfNyD;? rdrd\toufwmwpfavQmufvHk; rdrd\

aojcif;üyifvQif usihfoHk;aomt&mjzpfonf/ olwpfyg;\0efudkulxrf;

ay;jcif;jzihf uREfkyfwdkYonf a,½I\ajcawmf&mudkvdkufavQmufaejcif;

omru uREfkyfwdkYonf ynwfw&m;udkvnf;usihfaejcif;jzpfonf/

þusrf;csufrsm;rS tjcm;jyóemrSm *vmwd 6;2 ESihf 6;5 ü

&Sdaom odomxif&Sm;onfhuGJvGJcsufyifjzpfonf/ odkYaomfvnf; þ

jyóemudkwpfpkHwpfOD;onf aygvku rwlnDaomtajctaeESpfcktwGuf

jcm;em;aompum;vHk;rsm;toHk;ûyonfudk em;vnfoabmaygufaomtcg

tvG,fwulajz&Sif;Ekdifonf/ uREfkyfwdkYavhvmcJhouJhodkY tcef;i,f 2

rS ]0ef} (baros) onf c&D;a0;wGifo,f&aom av;vHonfh0efxkyfudk

&nfñTef;onf/ odkYaomf tcef;i,f 5 rS ]0ef} (phortion) rSm

oabFmjzihfwifaomukef? ppfom;\ausmydk;tdwf? (odkYr[kwf) rdcif0rf;Adkuf

üuav;vG,fxm;jcif;udkyif&nfñTef;onf/ pifppftm;jzihf yxr ]0ef}

udk ab;csxm;í&aomfvnf; 'kwd, ]0ef} udkrl xdkodkYvkyfír&yg/

udk,f0efaqmiftrsKd;orD;onf rdrduav;udko,faqmif&ygrnf/

164163

þOyrmutMuHûyouJhodkY vlwdkYonf uREfkyfwdkYtm;ulxrf;ay;Ekdifaom

0efxkyfwcsKdU&Sdaomfvnf; uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf tjcm;olrsm;ulrxrf;ay;Ekdif

onfh0efjzpfaom vdyfjymrvHkjcif;? a0'emcHpm;jcif;ESihfaojcif;wdkYvnf;

&Sdaeonf/ þ0efrsm;twGuf bk&m;ocif\tultnDudkom rSDcdktm;xm;

&rnf (róJ 11;28-30)/

wcsKdU0efxkyfrsm;twGuf oifonfwpfyg;olxHrStultnD&&SdEkdif

aepOf? wcsKdUtwGufrl ocifbk&m;udkomrSDcdktm;xm;&rnfjzpfonf/

oifudk,fwkdifrxrf;Ekdifaomt&mrsm;udk ocifbk&m;tm;tyfay;&ef

rnfuJhodkYoif,lEkdifrnfenf;/


rsK d;aphMuJjcif;ESih f&dwfodrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;6-10)rsK d;aphMuJjcif;ESih f&dwfodrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;6-10)

rsK d;aphMuJjcif;ESih f&dwfodrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;6-10)rsK d;aphMuJjcif;ESih f&dwfodrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;6-10)rsK d;aphMuJjcif;ESih f&dwfodrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;6-10)

*vmwd 6;7 wGif ]]rxDrJhjrifûyjcif;}} (mukterizo) [kjyefqdk

aompum;vHk;onf "r®opfusrf;wGif wpfBudrfomay:aomfvnf;? Greek

bmomjzihfjyefqkdaom"r®a[mif;usrf;wGifrl rMumcPyg&Sdonf/ ¤if;onf

]]txifao;ESmacgif;½HIUonf}} [kwdkuf½dkufqdkvdkonf/ "r®a[mif;usrf;

wGif ¤if;onf bk&m;ocif\yka&mzufrsm;udktxiftjrifao;onf[k

&nfñTef;avh&SdNyD; (6&m 36;16/ a,&rd 20;7)? bk&m;ocifudk

ykefuefonfhpdwfaeoabmxm;udk yDyDjyifjyifazmfjy&mwGifyif wpfBudrf

toHk;ûycJhonf (a,Zausv 8;17)/

aygvk\qdkvdk&if;rSm vlwdkYonf bk&m;ocifudkvspfvsL½IEkdif

onf (odkYr[kwf) olYynwfawmfudkyifqefYusifEkdifonf[líjzpfonf/

odkYaomf olwdkYonf bk&m;ocifudkwpfywf½dkufír&acs/ udk,fawmf

onf aemufqHk;w&m;olBuD;jzpfí aemufqHk;wGif olwdkYonf rdrdwdkY\

ûyrlrIrsm;twGuf tzdk;tcudkay;qyf&ygvdrfhrnf/

166165

*vmwd 6;8 udkzwfyg/ þusrf;csufwGifaygvkonf rnfonfh

t&mudkqdkvdkoenf;/ or®musrf;pmxJrS ZmwdrsKd;aphESihf0dnmOfrsKd;aphMuJ

olwdkYonf rnfolrsm;jzpfMuoenf;/ (Oyrm? wref 5;1-5/ vkum

22;3/ 'H 1;8/ róJ 4;1 wdkYudkzwfyg/)

rsKd;aphMuJjcif;ESihf&dwfodrf;jcif;taMumif; aygvk\wifpm;rIonf

rxl;jcm;acs/ ¤if;rSm a&S;pum;yHkrsm;pGmüawGU&onfh b0ed,mryifjzpf

onf/ odkYaomfvnf;? ta&;BuD;onfhtcsufrSm vlYZmwdESihf0dnmOftaMumif;

rdrd\,cifoHk;oyfcsufudk rD;armif;xdk;&eftoHk;ûyonfhyHkpHjzpfonf/

James D. G. Dunn urSwfcsufûyonfrSm ]]acwfESihftnDajym&aomf?

uREfkyfwdkYonf vGwfvyfpGma&G;cs,fEkdifonf? odkY&mwGif uREfkyfwdkYa&G;cs,f

rI\tusKd;qufudkrl vGyfvyfpGma&G;cs,fír&acs}} (Galatians, p. 330).

uREfkyfwdkYþavmutjypf\tusKd;qufrsm;rS bk&m;ocifonf

uREfkyfwdkYudktjrJwrf;ru,fEkwfaomfvnf;? uREfkyfwdkYûyrdaoma&G;cs,frI

trSm;twGuf pdwfysufjcif;u uREfkyfwdkYudktEdkifr,laptyfay/ bk&m;ocif

onf uREkfyfwdkY\tjypfrsm;udkcGihfvTwfNyD;jzpfí? rdrd\om;orD;rsm;tjzpf

arG;pm;awmfrlNyD;jzpfaomaMumihf uREfkyfwdkYaysmf&TifEkdifonf/ aumif;uif

EkdifiHESifhqdkifaomoD;ESHrsm;tjzpf&dwfodrf;Ekdif&ef ,ckuREfkyfwdkYü&Sdaom

tcGihfta&;rsm;udk&if;ESD;jr§KyfESHum? t&if;tESD;ûyvkyf&ygrnf/

wpfcsdefwnf;wGif *vmwd 6;10 onf c&pf,mefusihf0wfü

OD;wnfcsufESpfck&SdaMumif;udk yHkazmfxm;onf/ yxrrSm vlom;tm;vHk;

tusKH;0ifNyD;? ]vltm;vHk;tay:aumif;wJht&mvkyfMupdkY} [líjzpfum?

tjcm;wpfckrSm wpfOD;csif;tvdkufjzpfNyD;? wdusum? ]txl;ojzihf ,HkMunf

olrsm;rdom;pkESihfywfoufaeolrsm;} jzpfonf/ aygvk\vltm;vHk;ESihf

qdkifaom arwåm&yfcHcsufrSm ae&mwdkif;ü&Sdaomvltm;vHk;onf bk&m;ocif

\yHkoP²mefESihftnDzefqif;cJhjcif;aMumifh udk,fawmf\a½SUwGif wefzdk;

rjzwfEkdifatmiftzdk;wefonf[líjzpfonf/ c&pf,mefwdkYonf þor®m

usrf;pmazmfjycsuf\tajccHtcsuftvufrsm;udk arhavsmhonfhtcsdefwdkif;?

olwdkYonf vlrsKd;cGJjcm;a&;0g'? usm;rcGJjcm;a&;0g'? rsKd;EG,fpkcGJjcm;a&;

0g'? tqifhtwef;cGJjcm;a&;0g' ponfwdkYrSpí tm'HESihf{0tcsdefrSpí

,aeYwdkifatmif vlom;tzGJUtpnf;udk ½kyfysufqif;ysufjzpfaponfh

tjcm;axmifcsDaomwpf,loeftrltusihfwdkY\om;aumiftjzpf ra&Smif

rvGJEkdifbJusa&mufcJh&onf/}} (Timothy George, Galatians, pp. 427,428).

oifonf taumif; (odkYr[kwf) tqdk;rsKd;aphwpfckckMuJaeonf/

rdrdudk,fudkMunfhyg/ rnfuJhodkYaomoD;ESHrsKd;udkoif&dwfodrf;&rnfenf;/

aomMum pufwifbm 22



]]bk&m;ocif\0dnmOfawmfonf raumif;rIudkMowåyÜpdwf\

xdef;csKyfrIatmufwGif xm;&Sdawmfrlonf/ vlonf rdrdudk,fudk0dnmOf

awmfvTrf;rdk;rI\txufwGifcsD;jr§ifhaomtcg? olonf 'kp½dkuftoD;udk

&dwfodrf;&onf/ xdkodkYaomvltay:wGif 0dnmOfawmfonf em;raxmif

jcif;rsKd;aphudkMuJjcif;rS qGJxm;&efMoZmvTrf;rdk;rIenf;oxufenf;vmonf/

olYtay:ay;aomowday;csufwdkYonfvnf; wefcdk;enf;oxufenf;vm

onf/ olonf bk&m;ociftm;aMumuf&GHUjcif;udk wjznf;jznf;qHk;½HI;

vmonf/ olonf ZmwdyuwdudkMuJaomaMumihf ysufpD;jcif;udk&dwfodrf;

vdrfhrnf/ oludk,fwdkifMuJcJhaomoD;ESHrsm;onf rSnfhvmaeNyDjzpfonf/

olonf bk&m;ocif\oefY&Sif;aomynwfawmfudk rxDrJhjrifûyonf/

ol\tom;ESvHk;onf ausmufESvHk;om;jzpfvmonf/ or®mw&m;udk

twkduftcHûyjcif;onf olYtm;'kp½dkufxJüpGJjrJaponf/ vlwdkYonf raumif;

rIrsKd;aphudkMuJaomaMumihf Oya'rJhjcif;? &mZ0wfrIESihftMurf;zufrIwdkYonf

a&rvTrf;rdk;rDu vlwdkYwGifysHUESHYcJhonf/

]]0dnmOfonf rnfonfhwpfpHkwpf&maMumihf ysufpD;onf[laom

tcsufESihfywfoufí vlwdkif;ynm&Sd&rnf/ bk&m;ocifonf vlom;

rsm;tm; trdefY'D*&DcsrSwfawmfrljcif;aMumihfr[kwfacs/ udk,fawmfonf

vludk0dnmOfa&;t& rsufuef;jzpf&efvkyfaqmifawmfrrlacs/ vlonf

trSefESihftrSm;udkcGJjcm;Ekdif&ef bk&m;ocifonf vHkavmufaomtvif;w&m;

ESihfoufaotaxmuftxm;udk ay;awmfrlonf/ odkYaomf udk,fawmf

onf or®mw&m;udkvufcH&ef vltm;tEdkiftxufûyawmfrrlacs/

udk,fawmfonf olYtm; taumif; (odkYr[kwf) tqdk;a&G;cs,f&ef

vGwfvyfcGihfay;awmfrlonf/ rSefuefaomOD;wnfcsufü rdrdqHk;jzwfcsuf

udkvrf;jy&ef vHkavmufaomtaxmuftxm;udk vlonfjiif;qefNyD;?

raumif;rIudkwpfBudrfa&G;cs,fvQif? olonf 'kwd,tBudrfvkyfaqmif&ef

tqifoifhjzpfaevdrfhrnf/ wwd,tBudrfwGif olonf bk&m;ocifxHrS

omípdwftm;xufoefpGm rdrdudk,fudk½kyfodrf;um? pmwefbufwGif&yfwnf

&efa&G;cs,fvmonf/ þvrf;aMumif;twkdif; olonf raumif;rIü

jrJjrHonfwdkifatmif qufvufoGm;rnfjzpfum? olcspfcifjrwfEdk;aom

vdrfvnfrIudk trSefw&m;uJhodkY,HkMunfvmrnf/ ol\ckcHwdkufcdkufrIonf

¤if;\oD;ESHudkxkwfvkyfcJhNyD/}} (Ellen G. White Comments, The SDA Bible

Commentary, vol. 6, p. 1112) .

-0-

167 168


vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif;vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif;vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif;vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif;vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif;




zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 6;11-18/ a&mr 6;1-6/ 12;1-

8/ 2aum 4;10/ 5;17/ 11;23-29/



]]]]

]]]]]]igjzpfvQif? igwdkYocifa,½Ic&pf\vuf0g;uyfwdkifawmfigjzpfvQif? igwdkYocifa,½Ic&pf\vuf0g;uyfwdkifawmf

igjzpfvQif? igwdkYocifa,½Ic&pf\vuf0g;uyfwdkifawmfigjzpfvQif? igwdkYocifa,½Ic&pf\vuf0g;uyfwdkifawmfigjzpfvQif? igwdkYocifa,½Ic&pf\vuf0g;uyfwdkifawmf

rSwpfyg; tb,ft&mürQ0g<um;jcif;r&SdygapESih f/ xdkvuf0g;rSwpfyg; tb,ft&mürQ0g<um;jcif;r&SdygapESih f/ xdkvuf0g;

rSwpfyg; tb,ft&mürQ0g<um;jcif;r&SdygapESih f/ xdkvuf0g;rSwpfyg; tb,ft&mürQ0g<um;jcif;r&SdygapESih f/ xdkvuf0g;rSwpfyg; tb,ft&mürQ0g<um;jcif;r&SdygapESih f/ xdkvuf0g;

uyfwdkifawmfrSm þavmuonf ightzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&SduyfwdkifawmfrSm þavmuonf ightzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&Sd

uyfwdkifawmfrSm þavmuonf ightzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&SduyfwdkifawmfrSm þavmuonf ightzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&SduyfwdkifawmfrSm þavmuonf ightzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&Sd

\/ igonfvnf; þavmutzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&S d\}}\/ igonfvnf; þavmutzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&S d\}}

\/ igonfvnf; þavmutzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&S d\}}\/ igonfvnf; þavmutzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&S d\}}\/ igonfvnf; þavmutzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&S d\}}

(*vmwd 6;14)/(*vmwd 6;14)/

(*vmwd 6;14)/(*vmwd 6;14)/(*vmwd 6;14)/

*vmwdMo0g'pmudkavhvmjcif;onf tBudwfte,f&SdvSonf/

taMumif;rSm þMo0g'pmudk,füu xl;uJaomaMumihfjzpfonf/ rdrdtm;

ac:awmfrljcif;? rdrda[maomt&monf or®mw&m;jzpfaMumif;udkod&Sd

vsuf (wu,fawmh or®mw&m;onf ocifbk&m;xJrSvmonf[k tBudrf

rsm;pGmolajymouJhodkY)? aygvkonf "r®a[mif;usrf;rSyka&mzufrsm;jzpf

aom a[&Sm,? a,&rd? a[ma&SwdkYuJhodkY pdwfxufoefjyif;jypGmjzihf

Mo0g'pma&;om;cJhonf/ yka&mzufwdkYonf olwdkYtcsdefu bk&m;ocif

\vlrsm;rdrdwdkYtrSm;rSjyefvSnfh&ef toem;cH? awmif;yefouJhodkY aygvk

onf xdkenf;twdkif;yif rdrdtcsdefuvlwdkYudktoem;cHcJhonf/

teD;uyftajctaersm;onf rnfrQyifjcm;em;aeygap? a,&rd

\pum;rsm;onf olYtcsdefuvlwdkYtwGuftoHk;0ifouJhodkY *vmwd

vlwdkYtwGufvnf; usihfoHk;Ekdifonf/ ]]xm0&bk&m;rdefYawmfrlonfum;?

ynm&Sdaomolonf rdrdynmür0g<um;apESihf/ cGeftm;BuD;aomolonf

rdrdcGeftm;ür0g<um;apESifh? Opöm&wwfaomolonf rdrdOpömür0g<um;

apESihf/ 0g<um;aomolrnfonfum;? igonf ajrBuD;ay:rSmcspfoem;

jcif;? w&m;ojzihfpD&ifjcif;? ajzmihfrwfjcif;udkûyaom xm0&bk&m;jzpf

aMumif;wnf;[laom ighoabmudkodem;vnfjcif;üom0g<um;ap/ igonf

xdkt&mwdkYüarGUavsmfonf[k xm0&bk&m;rdefYawmfrl\}} (a,&rd 9;23?24)/

*vmwdûrdUü&Sdaom rdrd\rSm;aeaomodk;pkxHodkY aygvka&;aom

Mo0g'pm\A[dkjzpfaom c&pfawmf\vuf0g;uyfwdkifawmfa½SUwGif vlom;

\*kPfjzpfaomynm? uREfkyfwdkY\pnf;pdrfOpömESihf uREfkyfwdkY\cGeftm;wdkY

onf tcsnf;EDS;jzpfum tv[ójzpfMuonf/


aygvk\udk,fyd ki fvufaygvk\udk,fyd ki fvuf

aygvk\udk,fyd ki fvufaygvk\udk,fyd ki fvufaygvk\udk,fyd ki fvuf

*vmwd 6;11-18 rS aygvk\tydwf&nfñTef;ajymqdkaom

t&mESihf ol\tjcm;Mo0g'pmrsm;rS aemufqHk;ajymMum;csufrsm;udkEdIif;,SOf

yg/ *vmwdMo0g'pm\tqHk;owfonf tjcm;pmapmiftqHk;rsm;ESihf

rnfonfhenf;tm;jzihfwlnDrIESihfjcm;em;rI&Sdoenf;/ (a&mr? yESihf'kaum&defok?

{zuf? zdvdyÜd? aumavmoJ? yESifh'koufomavmedwfwdkY\aemufqHk;

&nfñTef;ajymqdkcsufwdkYudkavhvmyg/)

aygvk\tydwfrSwfcsufrsm;onf tjrJwrf;wpfxyfwnf;r&Sd

acs/ odkYaomf wlnDonfht&mrsm;pGm&Sdonf/ (1) owfowfrSwfrSwf

vlwcsKdUudkEIwfqufpum;qdkjcif;? (2) aemufqHk;wdkufwGef;tm;ay;jcif;?

(3) udk,fwkdifudk,fusvufrSwfxkd;jcif;ESihf (4) tydwfaumif;csD;ay;jcif;

wdkYyg0ifonf/ þyHkpHt*Fg&yfrsm;ESihf*vmwdMo0g'pmrS aygvk\aemufqHk;

169 170

172171

rSwfcsufrsm;udkEdIif;,SOfaomtcg? ta&;ygaomjcm;em;csufESpfckay:

vmonf/

yxrrSm aygvk\tjcm;Mo0g'pmuJhodkYr[kwfbJ *vmwd

Mo0g'pmwGif udk,fa&;udk,fwmEIwfqufpum;rygacs/ tb,faMumihf

enf;/ Mo0g'pm\tpwGif tpOftvmaus;Zl;wifjcif;ryg&Sdjcif;onf

aygvkESihf*vmwdvlwdkYtMum;qufqHa&;ü tufaMumif;&SdaeaMumif;

xyfíjyoonfht&mjzpfEkdifayonf/ aygvkonf ,Ofaus;onf? odkYaomf

yHkpHwus&Sdonf/

'kwd,rSm pmul;ay;oltm; rdrd\pmudkEIwfwdkufcsay;jcif;rSm

aygvk\xHk;pHjzpfaMumif; (a&mr 16;22) uREfkyfwdkYowd&&rnf/ xdkaemuf

NyD;qHk;aomtcg? aygvkonf azmifwdefudkrdrdudk,fwdkifudkifí pmudktqHk;

owf&ef rdrdvufjzihfpmtenf;i,frMumcPa&;wwfonf (1aum

16;21)/ odkYaomfvnf; *vmwdMo0g'pmwGifrl aygvkonf rdrd\

usihfpOfrSvrf;aMumif;ajymif;oGm;onf/ olonf pmul;ay;olxHrSazmifwdef

udk,lcsdefwGif aygvkonf *vmwdûrdUutajctaeudk vGefpGmpdwfpGJae

ao;aomaMumihf EIwfqufpum;a&;rnfhtpm; pmudkqufa&;aecJhrdonf/

rdrdwdkY\rdkufrJaomvrf;rsm;rSjyefvSnfh&ef *vmwdvlwdkYtm; aemufwpfzef

rawmif;yefrcsif; a&;aeaomazmifwdefudk vufrSrcsEkdifjzpfaecJhonf/

*vmwd 6;11 wGif aygvkonf pmudkpmvHk;BuD;jzihfa&;om;

aMumif; tav;ay;ajymqdkonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkonfudk uREfkyfwdkYrod

acs/ aygvkonf pmvHk;\t&G,ftpm;udk &nfñTef;ajymqdkjcif;r[kwfbJ?

pmvHk;rsm;yHkyef;rusjzpfonfudk &nfñTef;onf[k wcsKdUurSef;qMuonf/

aygvk\vufwdkYonf n§Of;qJcH&jcif;aMumihfroefrpGrf;jzpfonf[lívnf;

aumif; (odkYr[kwf) &GufzsifwJrsm;ûyvkyf&mrS tom;rmtzkrsm;aMumihf

rdrd\pmrsm;udk wdwdususa&;Edkifjcif;r&Sd[k olwdkYtMuHûyMuonf/ wcsKdU

uvnf; ol\rSwfcsufonf olYrsufpdtm;enf;jcif;\taxmuftxm;

jzpfonf[k,HkMunfMuonf/ þ½IaxmihfESpfckonfjzpfEkdifaomfvnf;?

uREfkyfwdkYonf ta&;BuD;aompum;vHk; (odkYr[kwf) t,ltqwpfckudk

tav;ay;&mwGif ¤if;udkrsOf;om;jcif;? pmvHk; (tu©&m) apmif;jcif;?

(odkYr[kwf) (t*Fvdyfvdk) pmvHk;BuD;rsm;jzihfa&;jcif; ponfwdkYjzihfûywwf

onfenf;wl aygvkonf rdrd\qdkvdk&if;udkxif&Sm;ap&efESihftom;ay;

&ef &nf&G,fcsuf&Sd&SdpmvHk;tBuD;BuD;jzihfa&;jcif;jzpfEkdifonf/

rnfonfhtaMumif;aMumihfyifjzpfap? aygvkonf rdrd\owday;

csufrsm;udk olYpmzwfy&dowfwdkYonf owdûyMu&eftrSefyiftvdk&Sdonf/

wevFm pufwifbm 25

taoG;tqif;ud k0g<um;jcif;taoG;tqif;ud k0g<um;jcif;

taoG;tqif;ud k0g<um;jcif;taoG;tqif;ud k0g<um;jcif;taoG;tqif;ud k0g<um;jcif;

*vmwd 6;12?13 udkzwfyg/ aygvkonf þusrf;csufwGif

rnfonfht&majymoenf;/

rdrdudkqefYusifolwdkY\vkyfief;pOfESihf olwdkY\wuf<urItaMumif;

aygvkonf ,cifut&dyft>rufay;cJhaomfvnf; (*vmwd 1;7/ 4;17

udkzwfyg)? *vmwd 6;12?13 rS ol\ajymqdkcsufonf rdrdudkqefYusif

olwdkYtaMumif; yxrtBudrf&Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;rSwfcsufûyjcif;jzpfonf/

olonfolwdkYtm; ]]rdrdwdkYtaoG;tqif;wifhw,fapcsifaomol}} rsm;[k

azmfjycJhonf/ ]]wifhw,fapaom}} [laompum;pkonf Greek pum;

ü ]]aumif;aomrsufESmzHk;}} pGyfonf[kwdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,f&onf/ trSef

rSm? ]]rsufESm}} [laompum;vHk;onf Greek vdko½kyfaqmifol\rsufESmzHk;

ESihftwlwlyifjzpfum? NyD;aemuf þpum;vHk;udk rif;om;\Zmwf0ifcef;

udk&nfñTef;&mwGif wifpm;aomtm;jzihftoHk;ûyonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzihf

þvlwdkYonf y&dowftêudufo½kyfaqmifaomrif;om;rsm;uJhodkYjzpf

onf[k aygvkajymaejcif;jzpfonf/ *kPfodu©mESihft&Sufw&m;tay:

tajcûyaom,Ofaus;rIwGif nDñGwfjcif;onfta&;ygNyD;? rSm;,Gif;aom

174173

t&mrsm;udkoGefoifay;aomolwdkYonf *vmwdûrdUü&Sdaom a&mif;&if;

,k'vlrsm;ESihf a,½k&SvifûrdUü&Sdaomtjcm;c&pf,mefrsm;a½SUwGif olwdkY\

*kPfodu©mudkjr§ifhwif&efêud;pm;aeMu[ef&Sdonf/

olwdkYudkaphaqmfaomt&m? ta&;BuD;aomtcsufwpfckudk aygvk

wifjyonf/ ¤if;rSm n§Of;qJjcif;udka&SmifcsifMujcif;jzpfonf/ n§Of;qJ

jcif;wGif omíxif&Sm;aomudk,fum,rawmfrw&m;ûyjcif;yHkpHrsKd;yg0if

EkdifaMumif; trSefwu,fem;vnf&aomfvnf;? ¤if;onf omí ]]El;nHh}}

onfhyHkpHjzpfaom taESmihft,Sufay;jcif;ESihfcsefvSyfxm;jcif;wdkYyifjzpfEkdif

onf/ aygvkESihftjcm;t,loD;aombmoma&;pdwfxufoefolwdkYonf

,k'jynfwGif yxrn§Of;qJjcif;yHkpHudkvkyfaqmifcJhMuNyD; (*vmwd 1;13)?

odkYaomfvnf; 'kwd,wpfckonfvnf; c&pf,mefwdkYtay:wGiftusKd;

oufa&mufrI&Sdonf/

,k'bmoma&;acgif;aqmifwdkYonf u@rsm;pGmwGifodomxif&Sm;

onfh EkdifiHa&;vTrf;rdk;rI&SdaeMuao;onf/ olwdkYü a&mrtpdk;&\w&m;0if

cGihfûyrdefY&SdMuonf/ xdkaMumihf rsm;pGmaom,k',HkMunfolwdkYonf olwdkYESihf

aumif;aomqufqHa&;udkxdef;odrf;&ef pdwftm;xufoefMuonf/ wpfyg;

trsKd;om;wdkYtm; ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;ESihfarma&Sûypkaomusrf;ig;usrf;udk

apmihfa&Smuf&ef oifay;jcif;wdkYjzihf *vmwdûrdUü&SdaomjyóemzefwD;ol

wdkYonf a'ocH,k'vlwdkYESihfoabmxm;jcif;wdkufqdkifrIudk &SmMuHEkdifonf/

xdkodkYûyjcif;jzihf olwdkYonf w&m;Z&yfrª;rsm;ESihf&if;ESD;aomqufqHa&;udk

xdef;odrf;cGihf&&SdMurnfomru? wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;tMum; omoem

vkyfief;udkoHo,0ifaeMuaom a,½k&SvifûrdUrS,HkMunfol,k'udk (wref

21;20?21) ESihf rdrdwdkY\wGJvufudk omícdkifjrJapEdkifMurnfjzpfonf/

tjcm;wpfzufrSm olwdkY\aqmif&GufrIrsm;onf ,k'vlwdkYxH rdrdwdkY\

oufaocHcsufudkvnf; omíxda&mufrI&SdapEkdifrnfrSm {uefrvGJ

jzpfonf/

aygvkpdwfxJü rnfonfhtajctaeyif&Sdapumrl ol\qdkvdk&if;

rSm&Sif;aeayonf/ ]]a,½Ic&pf\w&m;awmfESifhtnD bk&m;0wfüarGUavsmf

íaejcif;iSm tvdk&Sdaomoltaygif;wdkYonf n§Of;qJjcif;udkcH&Muvdrfh

rnf}} (2wd 3;12)/

þvlwdkYonf rSm;,Gif;aomt&moGefoif&jcif;\taMumif;&if;

udkpOf;pm;yg/ t&mtm;vHk;udkpOf;pm;cJhNyD;qdkonfrSm tvGefusKd;aMumif;

oifhavsmfygonf/ þtcsufu ]]taumif;qHk;}} aom&nf&G,fcsufyif

vQif uREfkyfwdkYowdrxm;&SdcJhaomf vrf;aMumif;aoGznfoGm;EkdifaMumif;

rnfodkYjyooenf;/ rSefuefaom&nf&G,fcsuf&Sdygvsuf trSm;vkyfrdaom

aemufqHk;tcsdefonf tb,fenf;/

t*Fg pufwifbm 26

vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif; (*vmwd 6;14)vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif; (*vmwd 6;14)

vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif; (*vmwd 6;14)vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif; (*vmwd 6;14)vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif; (*vmwd 6;14)

]]igjzpfvQif igwdkYocifa,½Ic&pf\vuf0g;uyfwkdifawmfrSwpfyg;

tb,ft&mürQ0g<um;jcif;r&SdygapESifh/ xdkvuf0g;uyfwdkifawmfrSm þ

avmuonf ightzdkY½dkufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&Sd\/ igonfvnf; þavmu

tzdkY½kdufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&Sd\}} (*vmwd 6;14)/

ta&zsm;vDS;jcif;udkwpdkufrwfrwfawmif;qdk&ef vIHYaqmfaom

&nf&G,fcsufrsm;udkazmfxkwfNyD;aemuf? aygvkonf rdrd\{0Ha*vdw&m;

udktusOf;csKH;um *vmwdvlwdkYtm;aemufqHk;wifjyonf/ aygvktwGuf

{0Ha*vdw&m;onf tajccH,HkMunfouf0ifrIESpfckay:wGif tajccHxm;

onf/ (1) vuf0g;uyfwdkifawmfonf t"duA[dkr@dKifjzpfjcif;

(tcef;i,f 14) ESihf (2) ajzmihfrwfjcif;,HkMunfcsuf (tcef;i,f 15)

wdkYjzpfMuonf/ ,aeYoifcef;pmwGif yxr,kHMunfouf0ifrIudkavhvm

Muygrnf/

176175

ESpfq,fhwpf&mpkwGifaexdkifoltaejzihf uyfwkdifawmftaMumif;

aygvk\ajymqdkcsuf (*vmwd 6;14) rlvt"dyÜg,f\wkefvIyfzG,fudk

em;vnfoabmayguf&efcufcJonf/ ,aeYc&pfawmf\vuf0g;uyfwkdif

onf vltrsm;pktwGuf aumif;aomcHpm;rIudkjzpfay:apaom awGUae

usvltrsm;jrwfEdk;aomtrSwfvu©Pmjzpfonf/ odkYaomfjim;vnf; aygvk

tcsdefwGif vuf0g;uyfwkdifonf 0g<um;p&mr[kwfcJhbJ txifao;p&m

jzpfcJhonf/ ,k'vlwdkYonf ar&Sd,uyfwkdifwifowfcH&onf[laom

oabmw&m;udk apmfum;ykwfcwfrItjzpf½IjrifNyD;? a&mrvlwdkYonf

uyfwkdifwiftowfcH&jcif;udk tvGefpufqkyf&GH&SmzG,ftjzpf½Ijrifum a&mr

EdkifiHom;wpfa,muftwGuf oifhavsmfonfhtjypf'PfyHkpHtjzpfrsKd;yif

razmfjyMuacs/

a&S;tcgu c&pfawmf\vuf0g;uyfwkdifudktxiftjrifao;

aMumif;? tapmqHk;uyfwkdifwifowfonfhyHkudk rSwfwrf;wif&mwGif

&Sif;vif;pGmjrifawGUEkdifonf/ 'kwd,&mpktapmydkif;wGif jrnf;acgif;ESihfvl

wpfa,muf uyfwkdifwifowfonfhyHkudk a&S;eH&Hyef;csDjzihfa&;qGJxm;onf/

vuf0g;uyfwdkifatmufwGifuyfvsuf vlwpfa,mufonfvufajr§mufNyD;

udk;uG,f&Sdcdk;onfhyHka&;qGJum? ]]tvufZEm;onf rdrd\bk&m;udkudk;uG,f

&Sdcdk;onf}} [lí urÜnf;xdk;xm;onf/ qdkvdk&if;rSm&Sif;aeayonf/

c&pfawmf\vuf0g;uyfwkdifudk avSmifajymifoa&mfonf[krSwf,lEkdifonf/

þuJhodkYaomtajctaetcsdefcgrsKd;wGif aygvkonf c&pfawmf\vuf0g;

uyfwkdifrSwpfyg; tb,ft&mürQr0g<um;EkdifaMumif; &J&J&ifh&ifhaMunm

cJhonf/

aygvk\þavmuESihfqufqHrIwGif c&pfawmf\vuf0g;uyfwkdif

onf rnfonfhjcm;em;rIudkazmfaqmifay;oenf;/ *vmwd 6;14/ a&mr

6;1-6/ 12;1-8/ zdvdyÜd 3;8/

c&pfawmf\vuf0g;uyfwdkifonf ,HkMunfolrsm;twGuf t&m&m

udkajymif;vJay;onf/ ¤if;onf uREfkyfwdkYrdrdwdkYudk,fudk½IjrifyHkudkomru

uREfkyfwdkYþavmuESifhqufqHyHkudkvnf; jyefvnfqef;ppf&ef tuJprf;

aeonf/ þvuf&Sdqdk;,kwfaomacwfESihf ¤if;üyg0ifonfht&mtm;vHk;

&Sdaeaom þavmuBuD; (1a,m 2;16) onf bk&m;ocifudkqefYusif

aeonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf c&pfawmfESihftwlaoNyD;jzpfaomaMumihf þ

avmuonf wpfcsdefu uREfkyfwdkYtay:uRefûyonfhwefcdk;r&SdawmhbJ?

uREfkyfwdkYonf wpfcsdefu þavmutwGuftouf&SifcJhaom b0a[mif;

onfvnf; r&SdawmhNyD/ aygvk\EdIif;,SOfqifjcifrIudk,loHk;&aomf?

,HkMunfolESifhþavmutMum;uGJoGm;jcif;onf ¤if;wdkYonf tcsif;csif;

twGufaoay;&ouJhodkYjzpf&ygrnf/

oif\þavmuESihfqufqHa&;udk tusKd;oufa&mufrI&Sdap&ef

c&pfawmf\vuf0g;uyfwdkifonf rnfonfht&mudkvkyfaqmifcJhoenf;/

oifhtoufwmwGif rnfonfhjcm;em;rIudkûyvkyfoenf;/ oifhtwGuf

taocHaomocifbk&m;xH rdrdudk,fudkray;tyfrDESihf ,cktouf&SifyHk

onf rnfuJhodkYjcm;em;rI&Sdoenf;/


vlopfvlopf

vlopfvlopfvlopf

c&pf,meftoufwmtwGuf c&pfawmf\vuf0g;uyfwkdifonf

A[dkr@dKifjzpfaMumif;tav;ay;NyD;aemuf? aygvkonf ,ckwGifrdrd

{0Ha*vdowif;\'kwd,tajccH,HkMunfouf0ifrIjzpfaom ,HkMunfjcif;

tm;jzihf ajzmihfrwfjcif;udktav;ay;ajymqdkvmonf/

þoHk;vywfvHk;avhvmcJhNyD;onfhtwkdif;? {0Ha*vdw&m;udk

qefYusifaeonfh ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;udkuavmfxkwfaeonf/ odkYaomf

ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;oufoufudkrl olqefYusifaeonfr[kwfacs/ aygvkonf

177 178

F- 12

ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;ESihfywfoufí jyif;xefaomxkwfjyefcsufwcsKdUudkûyvkyf

cJhonf (*vmwd 5;2-4 udkzwfyg)/ odkYaomf ta&zsm;rvDS;jcif;onf

ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;xuf bk&m;ocifudkomíauseyfaponf[laom

aumufcsufrsKd; *vmwdvlwdkYcsrSwfrnfudk olrvdkvm;acs/ þt&mrSm

ol\qdkvdk&if;r[kwfacs/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf wpfpHkwpfOD;onf

ynwfw&m;udkomt"duxm;oljzpfEkdifouJhodkY tjcm;wpfOD;onf xdkodkY

r[kwfbJvnf;jzpfEkdifonf/ 0dnmOfa&;t&ajym&vQif ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;

jyóemoufoufonf wpfpHkwpfckESihfqufpyfrIr&Sdacs/ ppfrSefaom

bmoma&;onf tjyifyef;tûytrlütjrpfrpGJbJ vlom;\pdwfESvHk;\

tajctaeüomtjrpfpGJonf/ a,½Iudk,fawmfwkdif rdefYawmfrlouJhodkY

vlwpfOD;onf tjyifyef;tm;jzihf tvGefMunfhaumif;Ekdifaomfvnf;

txJwGifrl 0dnmOfa&;t&ykyfaqG;aeEdkifonf (róJ 23;27)/

vlopfonf rnfonfht&mudkqdkoenf;/ *vmwd 6;15/

2aum 5;17/ vlopfb0udk oifudk,fwkdifrnfuJhodkYawGUêuHcHpm;oenf;/

Greek pum;vHk; Ktisis udk ]]owå0g}} [kbmomjyefqdkxm;

onf/ ¤if;onf ]]cyforf;aomt&m}} (a[jAJ 4;13) wpfckcsif;pD

(odkYr[kwf) ]]avmuwpfEdkifiHvHk;}} (a&mr 8;22) udk&nfñTef;Ekdifonf/

þtcsufESpfckpvHk;wGif xdkpum;vHk;onf zefqif;&Sif\vkyfaqmifrIudk

qdkvdkonf/ aygvkqdkvdkonfrSm xdkt&myifjzpfonf/ ]]vlopf}} jzpfvm

jcif;rSm ta&zsm;vSD;jcif; (odkYr[kwf) tjcm;t&mwpfckck? vlom;\

rnfonfhtm;xkwfrIrQtm;jzihf &&SdEkdifjcif;r[kwfacs/ a,½Ionf þ

vkyfief;jzpfpOfudk ]]topfarG;zGm;jcif;}} (a,m[ef 3;5-8) [k&nfñTef;

rdefYawmfrlonf/ þvkyfief;jzpfpOfrSm bk&m;ocifonf 0dnmOfa&;ü

aoaomoludk,lum olYtxJü0dnmOfa&;toufudkrIwfoGif;aom

bk&m;ocif\vkyfaqmifrIjzpfonf/ ,kHMunfjcif;tm;jzihf u,fwifjcif;

tjzpf aygvkazmfjyaeusu,fwifaomvkyfaqmifrIudkazmfjy&ef tjcm;

Oyrmwpfckyifjzpfonf/

aygvkonf þvlopftawGUtêuHudk 2aum 5;17 wGif

omíus,fus,fjyefYjyefYxkwfazmfajymqdkonf/ þusrf;csufwGif vlopf

jzpfvmjcif;onf aumif;uifpmapmifwGif uREfkyfwdkY\tqifhtwef;

ajymif;vJoGm;onfxuf omvGefíqdkvdkaMumif; aygvk&Sif;jyonf/

vlopfb0onf ,aeYuREfkyfwdkY\toufwmwGif ajymif;vJrIudk,laqmif

vmonf/ Timothy George rSwfcsufûyouJhodkY vlopfb0wGif ]]aemifw

w&m;ESihf,HkMunfjcif;odkYydkYaqmifay;aom oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\

tiftm;jyefvnfjynfh0aponfhvkyfief;? t&Sufw&m;&&Sdjcif;ESihf aeYpOf

jzpfpOf? tqHk;wGif c&pfawmf\yHkoP²mefESihfudkufnD&ef ydkYaqmifay;aom

oefY&Sif;jcif;üqufvufBuD;xGm;jcif; ponfhajymif;vJjcif;jzpfpOfwpfckvHk;

yg0ifonf/}} (Galatians, p. 438).

odkY&mwGif vlopfjzpfvmjcif;onf uREfkyfwdkYtm; ajzmihfrwfap

aomt&mr[kwfacs/ xdkYtpm;? þvHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;ajymif;vJjcif;onf

ajzmihfrwf&modkYa&mufjcif;qdkonfrSm rnfonfht&mjzpfonfudk rrSm;

Edkifaomo½kyfazmfudk,fxifjyjcif;yifjzpfonf/


aemufqHk;rSwfcsuf (*vmwd 6;16-18)aemufqHk;rSwfcsuf (*vmwd 6;16-18)

aemufqHk;rSwfcsuf (*vmwd 6;16-18)aemufqHk;rSwfcsuf (*vmwd 6;16-18)aemufqHk;rSwfcsuf (*vmwd 6;16-18)

]]þenf;Oya'twkdif;usihfol}} (*vmwd 6;16) wdkYtay:

rdrd\aumif;csD;tyfESif;aMumif; aygvkajymonf/ þusrf;csufwGif

aygvkonf rnfonfh ]]enf;Oya'}} taMumif;udkajymaeoenf;/

]]enf;Oya'}} [kjyefqdkaompum;vHk;onf yef;&ef (odkYr[kwf)

vuform;wdkYonf wdkif;wm&eftoHk;ûyaomwkwfajzmihf (odkYr[kwf)

opfôHwdkif[k wdkuf½dkuf&nfñTef;onf/ tqHk;wGif xdkpum;vHk;udk

vlwpfOD;onf t&mwpfckckudkcsifhwGuf&mwGif toHk;ûyonfhpnf;rsOf;rsm;

(odkYr[kwf) pHEIef;rsm;udk&nfñTef;ajymqdk&ef wifpm;aomt"dyÜg,fxGuf

vmonf/ Oyrm? vlwdkYonf "r®opfusrf;pHudkajymqdkaomtcg? olwdkY

onf toif;awmf\,kHMunfcsufESihfusihfpOfESpfckpvHk;udk tqHk;tjzwf

ay;&eftwGuf tcGihftmPm&Sdonf[k½Ijrifaom "r®opfusrf;rSESpfq,fh

ckepfusrf;udk &nfñTef;ajymqdkaeMujcif;jzpfonf/ xdkaMumihf oGefoifrI

wpfckonf þusrf;pmtkyfrsm;üawGU&aomt&mESihfwdkif;wmírudkufnD

vQif? ¤if;udkvufcHír&acs/

rdrdudk,fay:ü aygvkaqmifaom ]]ocifa,½I\'Pfcsuf&m}}

rsm;onftb,fenf;/ xdk'Pfcsufrsm;aMumihf rnfolurQolYudk'ku©

ray;&[ka&;om;&mwGif olonf rnfonfht&mudkqdkvdkoenf;/ þ

ar;cGef;udkajz&ef *vmwd 6;14 onf ulnDEkdifygrnfvm;/ *vmwd

6;17/ 2aum 4;10/ 11;23-29/

]]'Pfcsuf&m}} [laompum;vHk;onf Greek pum;vHk;

stigmata rSvmum? ¤if;rSt*Fvdyfpum;vHk; stigma (t&Suf&jcif;)

vnf;qif;oufvmonf/ oufaocHtrSwftom;yHkpHjzihf rdrdwdkYocif

\trSwfoauFwjzihf uREfkyfwdkYudkwHqdyfcwfonfh ûyaeustavhtusihf

(odkYr[kwf) wcsKdUaomya[Vdqefonfhbmoma&;rsm;wGif bmomudkif;½dIif;

rItrSwftom;tjzpf pdwftm;xufoefolwdkYonf rdrdwdkYudk,fudkwHqdyf

cwfonfh tavhtusihfwpfckckudk aygvk&nfñTef;ajymqdk[ef&Sdonf/

rnfonfht&myifjzpfap? ]]ocifa,½I\'Pfcsuf&m}} [kqdk&müaygvk

onf n§Of;qJjcif;ESihfqif;&J'ku©tm;jzihf udk,fawmfudk,fay:üusefcJhaom

trm&Gwfrsm;udk&nfñTef;aMumif; {uefrvGJjzpfonf (2aum 4;10/

11;24-27 udkzwfyg)/ ,ckwGif olYudkqefYusifbufûyolwdkYu ol\

ajymif;vJaomwpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYonf *sL;bmomudkemcHvdkufemaMumif;

oauFwtjzpf ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;trSwftom;udk vufcH&Murnf[k

179 180

twif;tusyfr&ruawmif;qdkMuonf/ odkYaomf aygvku rdrdonf

rnfol\uRefjzpfaMumif;ñTefjyonfhtrSwf&Sdaeum? olYtwGuf c&pfawmf

xuftjcm;rnfolYtay:ürQ opömcH,l&efr&Sdacs/. . . rdrdocif\trI

udkxrf;aqmifpOf &efolrsm;xHrSaygvk&&Sdaomtrm&Gwfrsm;onf c&pfawmf

ürdrd\udk;uG,fqnf;uyfrIudk taumif;qHk;aomEIwfa&;jzihf ajymqdkae

cJhonf/}} (Ellen G. White Comments, The SDA Bible Commentary, vol. 6,

p. 989).

c&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;aMumihf cE¨mudk,f (odkYr[kwf) tjcm;

üoif&&Sdaom ]]'Pfcsuf&m}} onf tb,fenf;/ wpfenf;tm;jzihf

oifh,HkMunfjcif;aMumihf rnfonfht&may;qyfcJhoenf;/

aomMum pufwifbm 29



]]u&meDukef;rSvuf0g;uyfwdkifonf pdefac:aeNyD;? tqHk;wGif

þavmuESihfqdkifaomwefcdk;? i&JESifhqdkifaomwefcdk;&SdorQwdkYudk ESdrfeif;

vdrfhrnf/ vuf0g;uyfwkdifwGif MoZmt&Sdeftm;vHk;A[dkûyNyD;? wpfzef

¤if;rSMoZmt&Sdeftm;vHk;a½SUodkYxGufoGm;Muonf/ ¤if;onf qGJaqmifrI

\tcsuftcsmjzpfonf/ taMumif;rSm ¤if;ay:wGifc&pfawmfonf vlom;

rsKd;EG,ftwGuf rdrdtoufudkay;awmfrlcJhonf/ þ,Zfonf vlom;udk

rdrd\rlvjynfhpHkjcif;jyefvnf&&Sdap&ef&nf&G,fNyD; ylaZmfjcif;jzpfonf/ rSefyg

onf/ xdkxufru? xdk,ZfudkylaZmfjcif;rSm vlom;udkvHk;0ajymif;vJaom

tusihfpm&dwåudkay;NyD;? olYtm;atmifEkdifolru zefwD;ay;&efjzpfonf/

]]c&pfawmf\cGeftm;tm;jzihf bk&m;ocifESifhvlom;\r[m&efol

udkatmifEkdifolwdkYonf aumif;uifEkdifiHwGif b,faomtcgrQrus½HI;aom

aumif;uifwrefrsm;txufwGif &mxl;&&SdMuvdrfhrnf/

181 182

c&pfawmfonf ]]igonfvnf; ajrBuD;ESihfcGmíajr§mufxm;jcif;udk

cH&vQif? vltaygif;wdkYudk ighxHodkYigqGJrnf}} [krdefYawmfrlonf/

rsKd;qufwpfqufNyD;wpfquftm;jzihf 'DtcsdeftwGuf þor®m

w&m;udk vuf&Sdor®mw&m;tjzpfazmfjyonf/ vuf0g;uyfwkdifay:u

c&pfawmfonf u½kPmw&m;ESihfor®mw&m;awGUqHkEdkif&efaomfvnf;aumif;?

ajzmihfrwfjcif;ESihfNidrfoufjcif;tcsif;csif;erf;Ekdif&efaomfvnf;aumif; Mum;cH

qufoG,fay;aomoljzpfawmfrlonf/ þt&monf urÇmBuD;udkvnfywf

apaomt&mjzpfonf}} (Ellen G. White Comments, The SDA Bible

Commentary, vol. 6, p. 1113) .

-0-

16 aEG 2&m 21;15

17 vm 2&m 23;16

18 *g 5&m 29;29-30

19 [l; 2&m 24;18

20 aw; 3&m 1;3

21 Mum 3&m 1;5

22 ae 5&m 24;3

23 aEG 5&m 24;10

24 vm 5&m 25;1

25 *g qmvH 73;16?17

26 [l; 5&m 15;22

27 aw; 2&m 23;20

28 Mum 3&m 3;8?9

29 ae oDcsif; 6;13

30 aEG 3&m 7;13?14

31 vm 3&m 10;1

eHeuf,H0wfeHeuf,H0wf

eHeuf,H0wfeHeuf,H0wfeHeuf,H0wf

Zlvdkifv? 2017 ckESpfZlvdkifv? 2017 ckESpf

Zlvdkifv? 2017 ckESpfZlvdkifv? 2017 ckESpfZlvdkifv? 2017 ckESpf

1 ae 2&m 13;1

2 aEG 2&m 13;19

3 vm 2&m 13;3

4 *g 2&m 15;3?4

5 [l; 2&m 15;31

6 aw; 2&m 15;32

7 Mum 2&m 16;1

8 ae 2&m 16;5?6

9 aEG 2&m 17;27-29

10 vm 2&m 18;19

11 *g 2&m 15;21

12 [l; 3&m 2;5

13 aw; 2&m 19;13

14 Mum 2&m 20;1

15 ae 2&m 21;1

-0-

16 ae 6&m 24;14

17 aEG 6&m 24;8

18 vm 6&m 24;20

19 *g 4&m 13;4

20 [l; 4&m 13;14

21 aw; 6&m 25;2

22 Mum 4&m 14;25

23 ae a,me 1;9

24 aEG a,me 1;16

25 vm a,me 3;6

26 *g 6&m 26;5

27 [l; tmrkwf 7;14?15

28 aw; tmrkwf 7;10

29 Mum a[ma&S 1;2

30 ae a[ma&S 1;6?8?9



pufwifbmv? 2017 ckESpfpufwifbmv? 2017 ckESpf

pufwifbmv? 2017 ckESpfpufwifbmv? 2017 ckESpfpufwifbmv? 2017 ckESpf

1 Mum 4&m 4;39

2 ae 4&m 5;17

3 aEG 4&m 5;3

4 vm 4&m 5;20

5 *g 4&m 6;6

6 [l; 4&m 6;17

7 aw; 4&m 7;2

8 Mum 4&m 7;9

9 ae 4&m 8;12

10 aEG 4&m 8;19

11 vm 4&m 9;6

12 *g 4&m 9;27

13 [l; 4&m 10;15?16

14 aw; 4&m 11;1

15 Mum 4&m 11;2

-0-

183 184

16 [l; 3&m 17;2?3

17 aw; 3&m 21;23

18 Mum 3&m 17;9

19 ae 3&m 18;3?4

20 aEG 3&m 20;23

21 vm 3&m 20;42

22 *g 3&m 21;1

23 [l; 3&m 22;8

24 aw; 6&m 19;9?11

25 Mum 4&m 1;2

26 ae 4&m 1;13

27 aEG 4&m 2;9

28 vm 4&m 2;23

29 *g 4&m 3;18

30 [l; 4&m 4;1

31 aw; 4&m 4;9?10



Mo*kwfv? 2017 ckESpfMo*kwfv? 2017 ckESpf

Mo*kwfv? 2017 ckESpfMo*kwfv? 2017 ckESpfMo*kwfv? 2017 ckESpf

1 *g 3&m 11;14

2 [l; 3&m 11;26

3 aw; 3&m 11;29

4 Mum 3&m 12;8

5 ae 3&m 13;1

6 aEG 3&m 14;13

7 vm 3&m 14;25

8 *g 6&m 13;15

9 [l; 6&m 14;2?3

10 aw; 3&m 15;25?26

11 Mum 3&m 16;2

12 ae 3&m 16;8

13 aEG 3&m 16;9

14 vm 3&m 16;23

15 *g 3&m 21;25?26

-0

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