1 1 Fig. 1.1 shows apparatus that may be used to compare the strengths of two springs of the same size, but made from different materials. Fig. 1.1 (a) (i) Explain how the masses produce a force to stretch the spring. ............................................... ............................................... .................. (ii) Explain why this force, like all forces, is a vector quantity. ............................................... .................................................... ............. ............................................... .................................................... ............. [2] (b) Fig. 1.2 shows the graphs obtained when the two springs are stretched.
Transcript
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1 Fig. 1.1 shows apparatus that may be used to compare the strengths of two springs of the same size, but made from different materials.
Fig. 1.1
(a) (i) Explain how the masses produce a force to stretch the spring.
(c) The mass of the bob is 0.2 kg. During the swing it moves so that P is 0.05 m higher than R.Calculate the increase in potential energy of the pendulum bob between R and P.
potential energy = ………………. [3] Total: 7 marks
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5 A student sets up the apparatus shown in Fig. 5.1 in order to find the resultant of the two tensions T1 and T2 acting at P. When the tensions T1, T2 and T3 are balanced, the angles between T1 and the vertical and T2 and the vertical are as marked on Fig. 5.1.
Fig. 5.1
In the space below, draw a scale diagram of the forces T1 and T2. Use the diagram to find the resultant of the two forces.
State(a) the scale used, scale = ........................................(b) the value of the resultant, value = ........................................(c) the direction of the resultant. direction = ........................................
[8] Total: 8 marks
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6 An electric pump is used to raise water from a well, as shown in Fig. 6.1.
Fig. 6.1(a) The pump does work in raising the water. State an equation that could be
used to calculate the work done in raising the water.
(b) The moment of weight W about the pivot is 12 N m. The perpendicular distance of the line of action of the force of the steam on the valve from the pivot is 0.2 m.
The area of the piston is 0.0003 m2.Calculate(i) the minimum steam force needed for the steam to escape,
force = ................................................ [3]
(ii) the minimum steam pressure for the steam to escape.
9 A cyclist rides up and then back down the hill shown in Fig. 9.1.
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Fig. 9.1
The cyclist and her bicycle have a combined mass of 90 kg. She pedals up to the top and then stops. She turns around and rides back to the bottom without pedalling or using her brakes.
(a) Calculate the potential energy gained by the cyclist and her bicycle when she has reached the top of the hill.
potential energy = ................................................ [2]
(b) Calculate the maximum speed she could have when she arrives back at the starting point.
................................................................................................................ [2] Total: 7 marks
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10 A wind turbine has blades, which sweep out an area of diameter 25 m.
Fig. 10.1
(a) The wind is blowing directly towards the wind turbine at a speed of 12 m / s. At this wind speed, 7500 kg of air passes every second through the circular area swept out by the blades.
(i) Calculate the kinetic energy of the air travelling at 12 m / s, which passes through the circular area in 1 second.
kinetic energy = ................................................ [3]
(ii) The turbine converts 10% of the kinetic energy of the wind to electrical energy.
Calculate the electrical power output of the turbine. State any equation that you use.
power = ................................................ [3] Total: 6 marks
11 Complete the table below to identify the physical quantities as scalars or vectors.
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[4] Total: 4 marks
Prepared by: Checked by: Verified by:
------------------ --------------------- ----------------Chandini Joseph Pn Shieh Senior Assistant
