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Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population -...

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UMHSPUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE Finding Genetic Risk Factors for Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population Wei Gao, MD, PhD. Cristen J. Willer, Ph.D. Ming Xu, Ph.D. Weixian Xu, MD.
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Page 1: Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population - puuma.orgpuuma.org/sites/default/files/ji_symp_2011/Xu_JI symposium_Sept... · Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population ... • Untangling

UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

Finding Genetic Risk Factors for Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population

Wei Gao, MD, PhD.      Cristen J. Willer, Ph.D. Ming Xu, Ph.D.  Weixian Xu, MD.

Page 2: Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population - puuma.orgpuuma.org/sites/default/files/ji_symp_2011/Xu_JI symposium_Sept... · Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population ... • Untangling

UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

Background of MI Project

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UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

Genotypic variation is the cause of many diseases

Complex diseases

Common genetic disorders

Page 4: Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population - puuma.orgpuuma.org/sites/default/files/ji_symp_2011/Xu_JI symposium_Sept... · Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population ... • Untangling

UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTEFord Museum

Technology Innovations and International Collaborations Providing Us New Opportunities

Page 5: Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population - puuma.orgpuuma.org/sites/default/files/ji_symp_2011/Xu_JI symposium_Sept... · Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population ... • Untangling

UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

Low                                                                      High

Predicted impact of results

Pred

icted cost of study

Low                                 High

Genome‐wide association 

scan

Whole genome 

sequencing

Exome ChipGenotyping

MetabochipGenotyping

5

Cutting‐edge genomics technology

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UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

Metabochip

• We created a custom‐designed Illumina iSelect chip with 200,000 SNP markers (designed at U of Michigan by HM Kang)

• Top 5,000 hits from each of CAD, LDL, HDL, TG GWAS in Europeans 

• Also hits from BMI, Waist‐hip‐ratio, DBP, SBP, fat percent, Type 2 Diabetes, fasting insulin, fasting glucose, 2hr glucose, white blood cell count, QT interval

• Metabochip SNPs selected from all 3 HapMap populations for fine‐mapping in non‐caucasian populations (using HapMap Han Chinese from Beijing)

(94 CAD or lipid loci = ~49k SNPs)

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UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

What have we learned about MI using genome‐wide 

approaches in European samples?

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UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

GWAS results

• GWAS of 100,000 Europeans• Identified 95 loci associated with lipid levels with    p < 5x10‐8

• 59 of these loci were new• Follow‐up in additional 102,000 individuals identified 89 novel loci (unpublished)

• Untangling the biology and functional effect of genetic variants at the new loci will take some time

8

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UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

• Successfully identified new genetic loci associated with lipid levels which led to a new understanding of the underlying biology

• Even though naturally‐occurring genetic variation has small effect sizes, we can drastically impact lipid levels by disruption of the gene (mouse models or therapeutics)

9

Potential Targets

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UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

Mouse model of GALNT2

-40%

-30%

-20%

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

0 14 28

Day

AAV empty vector AAV-mGALNT2

-40%

-30%

-20%

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

0 14 28

Day

AAV empty vector AAV-shRNA-mGALNT2

Hepatic over‐expression of Galnt2

shRNA knockdown of endogenous Galnt2

37% increase in HDL (p < .0003)20% decrease in HDL  

(p < .0001)

Teslovich et al., Nature, 201010

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UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

Different Characteristic of Atherosclerosis between China and U.S.A 

Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2005;25:611-616

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UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

Large‐scale genomic discovery efforts in Asian studies

• Genome‐wide association scan for blood pressure in 19,608 Asian samples published (Nature Genetics June 2011)

• GWAS for breast cancer genes in ~2,000 Asian cases and 2,000 controls (Wang Nat Genet Mar 2011) with follow‐up in ~34,000 samples

• Metabochip genotyped in >10,000 of Asian samples• Exome Chip not yet released (Asian sample consortium 

in preliminary organization stages)

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UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

Current Status of MI in China• Cardiovascular Disease Accounted for 40.27% of the country's total death rate.

• 2 million people are suffering MI now, 0.5 million additional myocardial infarction each year

2008年《中国卫生事业发展情况统计公报》

Tang et al.

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UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

MI project

• Aim 1: To identify novel loci associated with myocardial infarction

• Aim 2: To determine which MI identified in Europeans are also associated in Chinese individuals

• Aim 3: Refine the association signal using a Chinese cohort for 94 lipid or MI‐associated regions initially identified in Europeans

• Continue ongoing collection of samples to increase the sample size of the experiment

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UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

Progress Report ‐‐MI Project

Page 16: Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population - puuma.orgpuuma.org/sites/default/files/ji_symp_2011/Xu_JI symposium_Sept... · Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population ... • Untangling

UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

Got Training Certificates

Page 17: Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population - puuma.orgpuuma.org/sites/default/files/ji_symp_2011/Xu_JI symposium_Sept... · Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population ... • Untangling

UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

Working Together on Protocol

Page 18: Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population - puuma.orgpuuma.org/sites/default/files/ji_symp_2011/Xu_JI symposium_Sept... · Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population ... • Untangling

UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

This project has been approved

Page 19: Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population - puuma.orgpuuma.org/sites/default/files/ji_symp_2011/Xu_JI symposium_Sept... · Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population ... • Untangling

UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

PUMI Project is lunching now…

• PUHSC‐UMMS investigation of MI

Page 20: Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population - puuma.orgpuuma.org/sites/default/files/ji_symp_2011/Xu_JI symposium_Sept... · Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population ... • Untangling

UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

• Extraction of DNA from 6000~ samples from patients who had cardiac catheterization

• All necessary data are transforming from paper document to electronic database.

• Additional MI cases and control identified from other hospitals for next phase of project

Data and Sample Collection

Page 21: Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population - puuma.orgpuuma.org/sites/default/files/ji_symp_2011/Xu_JI symposium_Sept... · Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population ... • Untangling

UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

Database Setup 

Page 22: Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population - puuma.orgpuuma.org/sites/default/files/ji_symp_2011/Xu_JI symposium_Sept... · Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population ... • Untangling

UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

Translational benefits of proposed studies

• Identification of genetic variants of large effect on risk may allow: – Prediction of individuals at risk for MI or CVD– Targeted treatment plans

• Identification of novel MI or lipid‐associated genes will:– Identify novel drug targets– Uncover biological basis and biological pathways related to MI or other cardiovascular disease

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Page 23: Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population - puuma.orgpuuma.org/sites/default/files/ji_symp_2011/Xu_JI symposium_Sept... · Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population ... • Untangling

UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

Maximizing success

• Have large follow‐up samples available for analysis of top hits (ongoing collection)

• Anticipate need to collaborate with others** Collect unusual cases for sequencing

– extreme phenotypes– many affected family members– very early onset

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Page 24: Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population - puuma.orgpuuma.org/sites/default/files/ji_symp_2011/Xu_JI symposium_Sept... · Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population ... • Untangling

UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

Three things in life, once gone, never come backWe are in the race against time!

Time

Opportunity

Words

Page 25: Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population - puuma.orgpuuma.org/sites/default/files/ji_symp_2011/Xu_JI symposium_Sept... · Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population ... • Untangling

UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE

Acknowledgements

• Dr. Eugene Chen (UM CVC)• Dr. David Pinsky (UM CVC)• Dr. Xian Wang (PKU CVC)

• All Joint Institute leaders and staffs: – Weigang Fang, Joseph C Kolars, Ruqun Shen,Youyi Zhang, Qiudan Sun, Yanfang Wang, Ping Ji,   Amy Huang…

Page 26: Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population - puuma.orgpuuma.org/sites/default/files/ji_symp_2011/Xu_JI symposium_Sept... · Myocardial Infarction in Chinese Population ... • Untangling

UMHS‐PUHSC JOINT INSTITUTE


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