MySQL Administration and Management

<Insert Picture Here>

Craig SylvesterMySQL Sales Consultant

MySQL Administration and Management Essentials

1Monday, August 15, 2011

Safe Harbor Statement

The following is intended to outline our general product

direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and

may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a

commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality,

and should not be relied upon in making purchasing

decision. The development, release, and timing of any

features or functionality described for Oracle’s products

remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.


© 2011 Oracle Corporation – Proprietary and Confidential

Tool Categories for DBAs/Admins

• Basic Command Lines• Internal Schemas / Scripts• GUIs for rapid design, development,

admin• Backup and Recovery • Monitoring and Management• Performance and Stress Testing



Basic Command Lines



MySQL “Client Programs”

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/programs-client.html

mysql Mysql command line/shell for SQL statements

mysqladmin Performing administrative operations. You can use it to check the server's configuration and current status, to create and drop databases, and more

mysqlcheck Performs table maintenance: It checks, repairs, optimizes, or analyzes tables

mysqldump Used to export a database(s) for backup or transfer to another server. The dump contains SQL statements to create tables, populate it with data, or both. Can also generate files in CSV, delimited text, or XML format.

mysqlimport Command-line interface to the LOAD DATA INFILE SQL statement..

mysqlshow Shows databases, their tables, or a table's columns or indexes.

mysqlslap A diagnostic program designed to emulate client load for a MySQL server and to report the timing of each stage. It works as if multiple clients are accessing the server.



Startup Programs

mysqld The mysql daemonmysqld_safe Script - recommended way to start on Unix.

Starts angel process for mysqld daemon.mysql.server Used on systems (Linux and Solaris) that use

System V-style run directories to start and stop system services. Also used by the Mac OS X

mysqld_multi Manage Multiple MySQL Servers running on different ports or sockets

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/programs-server.html



Internal Schemas / Scripts



MySQL Information_Schema

ANSI SQL (SQL:2003) - a method of accessing database metadata

Views that allow you to look at the description of your database objects

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/information-schema.html





MySQL Performance_Schema

• Used to monitor low level events- Inspect internal execution of the server at runtime

• Collects data using “instrumentation points” in the server source code.

• This data is stored in tables in the performance_schema database.

• “Activate” performance_schema to collect data

- Add performance_schema to my.cnf file

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/performance-schema.html





MySQL Workbench

The Official MySQL GUI ApplicationCombines Three Major Feature Sets in One ToolCross platform and Native UI (Windows, Linux, Mac OS X)


SQL Editor - Color Syntax Highlighting Object Management - Import/Export, Browser and EditConnection Management - Wizard, Concurrent, SSHMulti-Pane Results View, In-grid data edits


MySQL Workbench - Development


Visual Design - Create and Manage ModelsForward/Reverse EngineerCompare and Synchronize SchemasChange Management and Documentation


MySQL Workbench - Modeling


Full listing of server and status variablesConfiguration, Start/Stop, ReplicationUsers, Security, and Session Management

- Roles supportImport/Export Dump Files


MySQL Workbench - Administration



MySQL Workbench - Utilitiesmysqldbcopy Copy databases between servers.

mysqldbexport Export databases to a file in different formats: SQL, CSV, and tab-separated files (and more).

mysqldbimport Import object definitions and/or data from a file—in different formats into a database.

mysqlindexcheck Check for redundant/duplicate indexes on a list of tables or databases. Can generate DROP statements to remove redundant indexes.

mysqlmetagrep Search MySQL servers for objects containing fields matching a pattern.

mysqlprocgrep Search MySQL servers for processes matching a pattern and perform actions.

mysqlreplicate Setup replication between two servers.

mysqlserverclone Start a new instance of a server to experiment with. This is used to test the utilities, but can be used whenever you need to set up a scratch server to test something.

mysqluserclone Copy a MySQL user to one or more new users on another server

http://wb.mysql.com/utilities/index.htmlAnd more coming soon. Contribute your own.


http://wb.mysql.com/utilities/index.html

http://wb.mysql.com/utilities/index.html


MySQL WorkbenchStandard Edition

(next page)







Model ValidationGeneral Schema Validation

MySQL Specific Schema Validation- Integrity- Syntax- Duplicated identifiers



Backup and Recovery



DBA Challenge

Core responsibility for backup and recoveryBut, its not easy

Databases are growing exponentiallyBackup times are increasing even faster

Your Backups impact other activitiesEnd UsersDBA Maintenance

And your storage costs are out of controlAnd when bad things happen

Needs to workTaking forever to recover



Database Backup Types Advantages & Disadvantages



MySQL Backup Tools

• Hot Backup (online)- MySQL Enterprise Backup - mysqlbackup

• Export/Import (a logical backup)- mysqldump

• Standby Copy (hot swap)- MySQL Replication

• Cold Backup (offline)- Simple File Copies when server is shutdown

• File System Volume Managers (snapshots)- LVM for example



mysqldump

• Advantages- Good for small databases or tables- Good assurance that database files are not corrupt - Logical Backup – thus flexible and portable

• Disadvantages- Very slow restore times- Uses database processing cycles and resources- Not online (requires Transaction or Locks on Tables

in the database)- Not incremental (requires a Full Backup every time)- Not consistent (unless transaction is used)



MySQL Replication

• Advantages- Rolling “snapshot”- Quick Recovery - via failover- Non-Blocking- Works well in conjunction with other backup options

• Disadvantages- Only latest “Point in Time” (point it time keeps

moving forward)- Not historical- Not for archival purposes- Doesn’t protect from “oops”



LVM Snapshots

• Advantages- Quick- Feature of Linux- Good to use in conjunction with backups

• Disadvantages- It’s a snapshot

• Still need to make a backup copy – which is “full” in size

- Performance degrades with each concurrent snapshot• Snapshots need to be released

- Cross File System Limitations



MySQL Enterprise Backup

• Advantages- Physical Backup (so it’s fast – esp. restores)- Flexible - many options - Archival- Scalable- Consistent- Supported

• Disadvantages- Requires some planning



MySQL Enterprise Backup

• Online Backup for MySQL databases• High Performance• Full, Incremental, Partial Backups

- Compressed Tables- Partition files- In-memory database

• Compression• Point in Time Recovery• Metadata on status, progress, history• Unlimited Database Size• Streaming, single file support

- Backup to tape device

MEB BackupFiles

MySQL Database Files

mysqlbackup



Monitoring and Management



MySQL Enterprise Monitor

Consolidated view

Enterprise Support• SNMP

• LDAP

• Customizable

Query Analysis with Correlation Graphs



Management Reporters

DBAs/Administrators

MEM Agents

MEM Agents

MEM Server

Stand alonedatabases

Replicationdatabases

ClusterServers

Enterprise Monitor Deployment


MySQL Expert Advisors

150+ Rules

50+ MySQL/OS specific Graphs


MySQL Expert Advisors - Upgrade Details



• Auto-detects, groups & maintains Master/Slave topologies

• Consolidated, real time status/synch check

• Notifications on Synch Issues

Automated Replication Monitor



EM - Query Analyzer



Query Execution Drill Downs

Explain Plan

Example query with variable substitution

Trace query exec back to source code



Example of adding a custom advisor (or rule)


Enterprise Monitor - Create New Rule


Enterprise Monitor - Copy Existing Rule







Let’s generate some events(we’ll use Workbench)


Workbench - Create Table


Enterprise Monitor - Check Events


Enterprise Monitor - Check Event Details


Enterprise Monitor - Query Analyzer

Here are the CREATE TABLE

details


Workbench - Create User


Enterprise Monitor - Check Events

Select the Group from Servers browserand filter on Rules



Query Analysis thru Agent Proxy



MySQL Database

(SQL statements & result sets)

1. MySQL Enterprise Monitor & Query Analyzer2. MySQL Agent3. Connector/NET (v6.2+) or Connector/J (v5.1+)4. MySQL Enterprise Plugin for Connector

List of components to download & configure:

(MySQL & OS monitoring

data)

3. Connector

Query Analysis thru .NET or Java

4. Plugin for Connector

(SQL performance data: statements, examples, EXPLAINs, aggregated

stats)

3306

18080

2. MySQL Agent

1. MySQL Enterprise Monitor (Service Manager, Dashboard)‏

Application Server



Query Analysis thru Aggregator

PHP and C connectors - release candidates

available



Performance and Stress Testing



Performance/Stress Testing

• Sysbench- http://sysbench.sourceforge.net/

• DBT-2- Like OLTP benchmark- Very popular with many MySQL users- http://samurai-mysql.blogspot.com/2009/03/

settingup-dbt-2.html



Additional Resources

• https://edelivery.oracle.com/- Download Enterprise Monitor, Enterprise Backup,

other tools- Download MySQL database

• https://mysql.com- Info on MySQL Products, Editions, Licensing options- TCO calculator

• https://dev.mysql.com- Documentation- Developer Zone Articles, How to’s


https://edelivery.oracle.com

https://edelivery.oracle.com

https://dev.mysql.com

https://dev.mysql.com



Date post:	16-Sep-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	ngotuyen
View:	230 times
Download:	1 times

MySQL Administration and Management

Documents