Mythology Chart

8/14/2019 Mythology Chart

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TIT

Greek Name Transliteration

8MXER 5IS:8MXERI: 5ISM

Titan TheosTitanes Theoi

THE TITANES were six elderIapetos , Hyperion and Oke(Earth), who ruled the cosmos bef

Torment black-figur


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power. When their father was kingof the Titanes--the K yklopesEarth. Gaia was incensed and incitby Kronos, five of the six brothers,seizing hold of him as he descende

them--Hyperion, Krios, Koios andcorners of the earth to hold Sky facastrated him with an adamantinecontrol of the cosmos, the Titanesbrothers from Gaia's belly, only toafterwards in the pit of Tartaros.

Ouranos and Gaia prophesied thateventually depose the Titanes, andthrone, took to devouring each onwere born. Only Zeus escapehis mother Rhea , who depositKrete and fed Kronos a substituteZeus forced Kronos to disgorge hisdivine-allies, made war on the Titaof Tartaros, where they were bounPindar and Aeschylus) Kronos andreleased from this prison, and theElysium.

The sisters of the six Titanes--Rheand Tethys--were titled Titantheir sons and daughters also receiincluding Atlas , Prometheus

PARENTS

[1.1] OURANOS & GAIA (HesPrometheus Bound 207, Apollodorus 1.15.66.1)[1.2] AITHER (or OURANOS[2.1] TITAN (Anacreon Frag 505d)[2.2] KOURETE & TITAIA (Diod

NAMES

[1.1] O K EANOS , K OIOS , K R(Hesiod Theogony 133, Apollodorus 1.1[1.2] O K EANOS , IAPETOS ,[1.3] O K EANOS , POLOS , HY[1.4] IAPETOS , K RONOS , AD(Stephanus of Byzantium 'Adana')


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ENCYCLOPEDIA

TITAN (Titan). 1. This name Titanes, from Titanides, as the nof Uranus and Ge, whence theyOuranidai. (Hom. I l. v. 89Titans are Oceanus, Coeus, CrTheia, Rheia, Themis, MnemosynApollodorus (i. 1. 3) adds Dionwriters also add Phorcys and Dem1; Clemens, Homil. vi. 2.) Shas the following as the names ofAdanus, Ostasus, Andes, CronusPausanias (viii. 37. 3) mentbelieved to have brought up thefirst ruler of the world, threw

Briareus, Cottys, Gyes (Hes.Arges, Steropes, and Brontes, inthis, persuaded the Titans to risto Cronus an adamantine sickle (bade them, with the exceptionsickle, unmanned his father, andout of the drops of his blood thTisiphone, and Megaera. Theliberated their brothers who haraised Cronus to the throne. ButTartarus, and married his sisterher Ops). As, however, he haUranus, that he should be dethrohe, after their birth, swallowed Demeter, Hera, Pluto and Poseiwas pregnant with Zeus. went tothe Dictaean Cave, and entrusteCuretes, and the daughters of and Ida. The armed Curetes guastruck their shields with their spethe voice of the child. Rhea, morehim a stone wrapped up in cloth,to be his newly-born son. (Apoll

&c.) When Zeus had grownassistance of Metis, the daughtera potion which caused him to brinhe had swallowed. United with hibegan the contest against Croncontest (usually called the TitanoThessaly, the Titans occupying


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Cronus Mount Olympus, lastedGaea promised victory to Zeus, and Hecatoncheires from Tartaruwho guarded the Cyclopes, andthunder and lightning, Pluto wavtrident. The Titans then were ovcavity below Tartarus (Hom.Hom. Hymn. in Apoll. 335 Hecatoncheires were set to guardTheog. 617, &c.; Apollod. i. 2fight of the Titans is sometimeswith the fight of the Gigantes.

2. The name Titans is also givenbeings who were descendedPrometheus, Hecate (Hes.

Latona (Ov. Met. vi. 346), Pand Selene (Mene), as the childeven the descendants of Helios, s119, vi. 725 ; Schol. ap Apiv. 943, Met. iii. 173, xiv. 382;

3. The name Titans, lastly, is givwhom all mankind is descended.in Crete is said to have originallwere hostile to Zeus, but werefearful sounds of his shell-trumpDiod. iii. 57, v. 66 ; Orph.171, &c.; Lobeck, Aglaoph.Geschl. p. 280, &c.)

Source: Dictionary of GreekMythology.

The Titanes were composite deitienumber of ways through the classi

In the ancient cosmogonies the foucosmic pillars which either held eaentire cosmos aloft--Hyperion in thKoios in the north and Krios in thestood in the centre, and the sixth,form of the river Ocean.

Homer and Hesiod also represent t


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residing in the pit of Tartaros, the just as Heaven was imagined as athe earth, so Tartaros was a hugeenclosed the underworld. The homthe pit, was the cosmic opposite of

of the Olympian gods.

Hesiod also seems to imagine themastered Heaven. Individually thethe establishment of the portions odestroyer; Krios (the Ram), leaderregulator of the seasons; Koios (oraxis of heaven, around which the cthe year; Hyperion, overlord of themoon and dawn; Iapetos "the pierspan and ancestor of man; and Okoversaw the rising and setting of tconfines five of the Titanes to thecontrol over the regulation of time

In the Cretan tradition, the Titanesgods who lived in the vicinity of Kover mankind during the Golden Aproduced an endless bounty, andsickle for the harvest. The Sicilianharvesting the first grain. When ththe infant Zeus, Gaia and Rhea hidIda from where he later returned t

In the Thrakian and Thessalian traportrayed as a barbarous tribe of ggods. They were almost indistinguGigantes of Pallene. These barbariOlympos, their faces smeared withseized the child Zagreus who wasremoving his lightning bolts, and dknives. The god was reborn and ththe war which ensued. Certain locaborders of Thessalia and Thrake w

Titan-story: including the river Titmurky waters were said to be draMount Titanos or Titarios oppositewhite-chalk gypsum were the Titan

The individual Titanes also turn upgods with minor cults in the regionGreece. The cult of Kronos was ce


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Olympia in the Peloponnese; KoioMessenia; Krios one in Akhaia andpossibly had a shrine at Titane inin the valleys of southern Arkadia.as Prometheus, Atlas and Helios, a

Dione, Rhea, Eurynome and Phoibaround the region.

Some of the Titanes were also appAtlas and the fire-stealing Promethfrequently associated with the Anacosmic story of five Titanes--four hmay be Phoenician in origin. LateTitanes with Set, enemy of the god

LIST OF ELDER TITANES

ADANOS An alternative name for o

ANDES An alternative name for one

HYPERION The Titan god of lighand moon. He was cast into TartarosTitan-War.

IAPETOS The Titan god of mortaTartaros at the end of the Titan-War

K OIOS The Titan god of intelligenalso known as Polos. Koios was onethe end of the Titan-War. He was sothe Gigantes.

K RIOS The Titan god of the heaveMegamedes. He was cast into TartarKrios was sometimes called a leader

K RONOS The King of the Titanesled his brothers in the castration of by Zeus. Kronos was cast into the piSome say he was later released by Z


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the Blessed (home of the blessed de

MYLINOS A Gigante or Titan of probably identified with Olympos or

O K EANOS The Titan god of the eplace of rising and setting of the heaof the Titanes not to participate in thTitan-Wars remained neutral.

OLYMBROS An alternative name fsame as Olympos the Kretan mentor

OLYMPOS The Titan or Gigante mkin in an uprisal against the god andidentified with the Kouretes, Kronos

OPHION The eldest of the Titanesthrone of heaven and cast into the Owith both Ouranos and Okeanos.

OSTASOS An alternative name for

POLOS The Titan god of the axis ocalled Koios.

LIST OF YOUNGER TITANES

ANYTOS One of the Titanes, AnyDemeter's daughter Despoine. He w

ASTRAIOS The Titan god of the astronomy.

ATLAS The Titan god of daring, enZeus forced him to bear the heavensreleased from this torment and mad


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heaven.

EPIMETHEUS They Titan god ocreated the animals of the earth, whi

busy with the crafting of man. LaterPandora with her box of evils.

HELIOS The Titan god of the sun chariot drawn by fiery horses. He w

HOPLODAMOS A Titan, Kouretprotection of Rhea after Kronos learof Zeus.

K OURETES, THE The shield-claprotectors of the infant Zeus. Theyamongst the Titanes.

LELANTOS The Titan god of the unseen.

MELISSEUS The Titan or Kouret

MENOITIOS The Titan god of viZeus blasted him into Erebos with asame as Menoites, the bondsman of

PALLAS The Titan god of warcrafAthena made her aigis from his goat

PERSES The Titan god of destrucdrought.

PROMETHEUS The Titan god ofof clay and later stole fire from heavchained to Mount Kaukasos where aliver as punishment. He was later rel


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SY K EUS A Titan or Gigante who earth by Gaia in the shape of a fig-s

TITAN The Titan god of the agricu

the observation of the heavens.

PARENTAGE & NAMES OF THE E

"She [Gaia the Earth] lay with Ourswirling Okeanos, Koios and Krioand Rhea, Themis and Mnemosynlovely Tethys. After them was bornmost terrible of her children."

"The father of Ouranos (Sky), as wbecause heavenly motion is untirinOuranos (Sky) are Akmonidai [thethese two points clear. Alkman, thbelongs to Akmon." - Greek LEustathius on I liad)[NB The word akmon also apprelation to the Titanes. Here the

described as falling from the apexearth to the bottom of the pit of TaTitanes.]

"According to Anakreon Zeus waTitani, the sons of Titan [or Titane(Saturn)." - Greek Lyric II AMythologies)

"The Titanes, children of Ouranos Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 207

"[Ouranos the Sky] fathered otherTitanes: Okeanos, Koios, Hyperionyoungest; also daughters called TitMnemosyne, Phoibe, Dione, Theia2

"The Titanes numbered six men an


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certain writers of myths relate, of (Earth), but according to others, ofrom whom as their mother they dmales were Kronos, Hyperion, Koiand their sisters were Rhea, Themi

Tethys [he omits Theia]." - D5.66.1

"O mighty Titanes, who from Ouraderive your noble and illustrious bTitans

"From Aether and Terra (Earth) [w[From Ouranos and Gaia were borPontus; the Titanes ... Hyperion, a[Kronos], Ops [Rhea], Moneta [MnPrefaceNB Hyginus' Preface survives onlybe listed as children of Ouranos (Cnotation may have been lost in the

For MORE information on the femal

TITANES & THE CASTRATION O

"She [Gaia the Earth] lay with Ourswirling Okeanos, Koios and Krioand Rhea, Themis and Mnemosynlovely Tethys. After them was bornmost terrible of her children, and hAnd he [Ouranos] used to hide theKyklopes, brothers of the Titanes](Gaia) so soon as each was born,come up into the light: and Ourandoing. But vast Gaia (Earth) groanshe made the element of grey flinttold her plan to her dear sons [thecheering them, while she was vexechildren, gotten of a sinful father, ipunish the vile outrage of your fatshameful things.'So she said; but fear seized themword. But great Kronos the wily todear mother: 'Mother, I will undert


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So he said: and vast Gaia (Earth)and hid him in an ambush, and puand revealed to him the whole plotAnd Ouranos (Sky) came, bringingand he lay about Gaia (Earth) spre

the son from his ambush stretchedright took the great long sickle witlopped off his own father's membebehind him ...These sons whom be begot himselcall Titenes (Strainers) in reproachand did presumptuously a fearful dwould come afterwards." - H[NB Hesiod in the last few lines suinvolved in the ambush and castrahold him fast, whilst the sixth, Kro

"Now Ge (Earth), distressed by theKyklopes & the Hekatonkheires] inTitanes to attack their father, andadamant. So all of them except Ok(Heaven), and Kronos cut off his g... Thus having overthrown Ouranobrothers from Tartaros and gave t

Apollodorus, The Library 1.3

"In the Keraunian Sea, fronting thand spacious island, under the soilme, Mousai; it gives me little pleassickle used by Kronos to castrate h

Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 4

"He [Orpheus] sang of ... How, in tEurynome, daughter of Okeanos, gclad Olympos; how they were forc[Ouranos?] by Kronos, Eurynome the waters of Okeanos; and how tTitan gods." - Apollonius Rhod

"[Zeus] in his first youth batteredOlympos, when he was only a boyemasculating sickleblade, after hefathers [Ouranos the Skys] plow[Gaia the Earth s] bed to which heagainst your sire at the head of th18.223


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For MORE information on the castra

MARRIAGES & CHILDREN OF T

"[1 & 2] And [the Titanis] Tethys beddying Potamoi (Rivers) [variousforth a holy company of daughtersnamed including] Elektra, and DorEurynome ... and Styx who is thethe eldest daughters that sprang frthere are many besides. For theredaughters of Okeanos who are displace alike serve the earth and theglorious among goddesses. And asare there, babbling as they flow, sTethys bare ...[3 & 4] And [the Titanis] Theia waHyperion and bare great Helios (SEos (Dawn) who shines upon all thdeathless Gods wholive in the wide heaven.[5] And [the Sea-Goddess] Eurybilove to [the Titan] Krios and barePerses who also was eminent amoAnd Eos bare to Astraios the stron

brightening Zephyros (West Wind)in his course, and Notos (South), -god. And after these Erigeneia barbringer), and the gleaming Astra (crowned.And Styx the daughter of OkeanosZelos (Emulation) and trim-ankledshe brought forth Kratos (Strengthchildren ...[6 & 7] Again, [the Titanis] Phoibe[the Titan] Koios. Then the goddesconceived and brought forth dark-to men and to the deathless gods,gentlest in all Olympus. Also she bwhom Perses once led to his greatAnd she conceived and bare Hekathonoured above all ...[8 & 9] But [the Titanis] Rhea wasKronos and bare splendid children


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Hera and strong Hades, pitiless inearth, and [Poseidon]the loud-crashing Earth-Shaker, amen, by whose thunder the wide eKronos swallowed as each came fo

mother's knees with this intent, thHeaven should hold the kingly offi[10] Now [the Titan] Iapetos tookKlymene, daughter of Okeanos, anAnd she bare him a stout-heartedglorious Menoitios and clever Promscatter-brained Epimetheus who frto men who eat bread; for it was hwoman, the maiden whom he had334 - 515

"[1 & 2] [The Titan] Kronos ... theRhea. Because both Ge (Earth) anprophetic warning that his rule woown, he took to swallowing his chifirst-born daughter Hestia, then DPlouton and Poseidon. Angered bywith Zeus, went off to Krete and gThe [other] Titanes had children.[3 & 4] Those of [the Titan] Okeancalled Okeanides: Asia, Styx, Elec[5 & 6] The children of [Titan] KoAsteria and Leto.

[7 & 8] [Titan] Hyperion and [Tita(Sun), and Selene (Moon).[9] To [Titan] Kreios and Eurybia,were born Astraios, Pallas and Per[10] Atlas, who holds the sky on hEpimetheus, and Menoitios, whomin the Titan battle and confined toIapetos and Asia.Kheiron, a double-formed kentaurPhilyra; Eos and Astraios were parAstra (Stars); Perses and Asteria o

Zelos, and Bia were born to PallasLibrary 1.4 - 9

"[1 & 2] From [Titan] Oceanus andOceanides ... Of the same descent[3 & 4] From [Titan] Polus [Koiosborn], Latona, Asteria.[5] [text missing] Perses, Pallas.


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[6] From [Titan] Iapetus and ClymPrometheus.[7 & 8] From [Titan] Hyperion and(Moon), Aurora (Dawn).[9 & 10] From [Titan] Saturnus [K

Vesta [Hestia], Ceres [Demeter], J[Haides], Neptunus [Poseidon].From Saturnus [Kronos] and PhilyFrom Astraeus and Aurora [Eos], ZFavonius [Zephyros].From Atlas and Pleione, Maia, CalCelaeno.From Pallas the Giant, and Styx, SVictory, Fountains, Lakes." -

6. KR N ,RHE

PR

TITANOMA K HIA (WAR OF TH

"The Olympian Lightener [Zeus] cgreat Olympos, and said that whoswith him against the Titenes, he wrights, but each should have the oamongst the deathless gods; he saKronos had gone without positionraised to these, according to justic

"[Zeus] the son of Kronos and thehaired Rhea bare from union withstormy Hekatonkheires] up again tadvising. For she herself recountedthat with these they would gain vicvaunt themselves. For the Titan goKronos [Zeus, Haides, Poseidon] h


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stubborn war with heart-grieving t[Mount] Othrys, but the gods, giveRhea bare in union with Kronos, frwrath, were fighting continually wten full years, and the hard strife h

side, and the issue of the war hunBut when he had provided those thall things fitting, nectar and ambroeat, and when their proud spirit rehad fed on nectar and delicious amfather of men and gods spoke amochildren of Gaia and Ouranos [thewhat my heart within me bids. A losprung from Kronos [Zeus, Poseidfought with each other every day tdo you show your great might andface the Titenes in bitter strife; forand from what sufferings you are ccruel bondage under misty gloom tSo he said. And blameless Kottosone, you speak that which we knowe know that your wisdom and unthat you became a defender of theAnd through your devising we aregloom and from our merciless bonfor, O lord, son of Kronos. And sodeliberate counsel we will aid yourfight against the Titanes in hard ba

So he said: and the gods, givers othey heard his word, and their spirbefore, and they all, both male anthat day, the Titan gods, and all thwith those dread, mighty ones of oZeus brought up to the light fromhundred arms sprang from the shofifty heads growing upon his shoulthen, stood against the Titanes intheir strong hands. And on the othstrengthened their ranks, and bothwork of their hands and their mighterribly around, and the earth crasshaken and groaned, and high Olyunder the charge of the undying greached dim Tartaros and the deeonset and of their hard missiles. Sgrievous shafts upon one another,they shouted reached to starry he


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a great battle-cry.Then Zeus no longer held back hiswas filled with fury and he showedHeaven and from Olympos he camthe bold flew thick and fast from h

thunder and lightning, whirling anearth crashed around in burning, awith fire all about.All the land seetthe unfruitful sea. The hot vapour lKhthonios (Earthly): flame unspea(aither): the flashing glare of the tblinded their eyes for all that thereseized air (khaos): and to see withears it seemed even as if Earth (Gabove came together; for such aEarth (Gaia) were being hurled toon high were hurling her down; sothe gods were meeting together inrumbling earthquake and duststorlurid thunderbolt, which are the shthe clangour and the warcry into thorrible uproar of terrible strife aroand the battle inclined. But until thand fought continually in cruel waAnd amongst the foremost Kottosfor war raised fierce fighting: threeanother, they launched from theirthe Titanes with their missiles, and

pathed earth, and bound them in bconquered them by their strengthbeneath the earth to Tartaros ... Tdrives the clouds the Titan gods ardank place where are the ends of tnot go out; for Poseidon fixed gateruns all round it on every side.Theand Kottos and great-souled Obriawho holds the aegis ...But when Zeus had driven the Titamonstrous giant Typhoios]"

"But when the blessed gods had fiforce their struggle for honours wiseeing Zeus Olympios to reign and(Earth's) prompting. So he divided- Hesiod, Theogony 881

"For as many as were born of Oura


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amongst all these she [Hekate] haKronos [Zeus] did her no wrong nowas her portion among the formerthe division was at the first from tearth, and in heaven, and in sea."

After Hesiod, the next oldest poemthe Titanomachia, a lost Homeric eEumelus of Corinth. The content o

"The Epic Cycle begins with the faand Gaia (Earth), by which they m(hundred-handed) sons and threeHomerica, The Titanomachia FragChrestomathy of Proclus)

"Eumelos says that Aigaion was th(Sea) and, having his dwelling in tTitanes." - Homerica, The Titan

Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 1

"According to Anakreon when Zagainst the Titani, ie the sons of Ti(Saturn), and had sacrificed to Ourfly nearby as a favourable omen fohappy omen, and particularly becavictory, he put a golden eagle on hit as a protection for his valour."505d (from Fulgentius, Mythologi

"When first the heavenly powers (Olympian gods] were moved to wrstirred up among them some beseat so Zeus, in truth, might reignend, that Zeus might never win mthen that I [the Titan Prometheus,best, was unable to persuade the(Heaven) and Khthon (Earth); butcraft, in the pride of their strength

without a struggle and by force. O(Earth) (though one form, she hadme the way in which the future wawas not by brute strength nor throthose who should gain the upper hAnd though I argued all this to theattention to my words. With all thathat, joining with my mother, I sho


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volunteer, on the side of Zeus; anthat the cavernous gloom ( mancient ( palaigens ) Kronos aThus I helped the tyrant of the godseated himself upon his father's th

the deities their several privilegesproper powers." - Aeschylus, P

"When Zeus was grown, he engagcolleague. She gave Kronos a drugvomit forth first the stone and theWith them Zeus fought a war agaiten years of fighting Ge (Earth) prwere to secure the prisoners downKyklopes and Hekatonkheires]. HeKampe, and freed them from theirgave Zeus thunder, lightning, andhelmet for Plouton [Haides] and athese the three gods overpoweredTartaros, and put the HekatonkheiThe gods then drew lots for a sharlordship of the sky, Poseidon thatof Haides realm." - Apollodo

"Now because of her anger over thto the Gigantes, Ouranos (Sky) waLibrary 1.34

"Zeus in his wrath was set upon thAkhilleus] throned on heaven's dofierce-battling with the Titanes foufoes enwrapped with flame, for thifrom heaven the thunderbolts: theburning Gigantes seemed to breatSmyrnaeus, Fall of Troy 5.103[NB The Titanomakhia and Gigantone and the same.]

"On the presumptuous Titanes onc

down fire from heaven: then burnOkeanos' world-engirdling flood butmost bounds: far-flowing mightyall broods of life-sustaining earth,sea, and all dwellers in rivers: smoearth fainted in the fervent heat."Troy 8.460


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"Zeus ... dealer of justice to the OCallimachus, Hymn 1 to Zeus

"Mekone (Poppy), seat of the Blesand apportioned their honours afte

Titanes]." - Callimachus, Hymn

To behold again Mekone (Poppy),where first the gods cast lots andthe war with the Gigantes [meaninCallimachus, Frag 195 (from Eusta

"Others say that the Korybantes,say from among the Kolkhians), wRhea by the Titanes." - Strab

"Kronos son of Ouranos ... in the dOlympos and Zeus was still a child Argonautica 2.1232

"He [Orpheus] sang of ... How, in t[Ouranos?] and Eurynome [Gaia?]the world from snow-clad Olymposupplanted, Ophion by Kronos, Euthe waters of Okeanos; and how tTitan gods when Zeus in his Diktaichildish thoughts, before the earthbolt, the thunder and lightning thatoday." - Apollonius Rhodius, A

"The dark, stream of black Styx, wseat of the oath-swearing for the igolden basins for libations, when hGigantes and Titanes [NB A combbe suggested]." - Lycophron,

"Before the battle against the Gigaare told, Zeus sacrificed a bull to H(Heaven) and to Ge (Earth); and i

rites there was revealed to him whaffair, the omens indicating the victo them of the enemy [certain TitaZeus]. And the outcome of the waMousaios (?) deserted to him fromaccorded peculiar honours, and alldown by the gods." - Diodoru


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"The tomb which passes for that oof Krete, who received Zeus son ofdivine things to him; but Zeus, heparent and master because he hadthe Titanes] to attack him in his tu

before his body he was full of remhis sorrow in no other way, he gavhis victim." - Ptolemy Hephaestsummarized in Photius, Myriobibl

"Arke (Arch) was the daughter of (Rainbow); both had wings, but, dagainst the Titanes, Arke flew out

joined the Titanes [to act as theirZeus removed her wings before thPtolemy Hephaestion, New HistoryMyriobiblon 190)

"Some have called Aex (Goat) thewho surpassed many in beauty of beauty, had a most horrible face [it, the Titanes begged Terra [GaiaTerra is said to have hidden her inLater she became nurse of Jove [Z[and made his aigis-shield from he2.13

"Aglaosthenes, who wrote the Naxtaken secretly from Crete, broughtAfter he came to mans estate andwar, he sighted an eagle as he waan omen, he placed it among the s2.16

"[The constellation] Altar. On thishave first made offerings and formabout to oppose the Titanes. The Cobservance men established the cusomething, they make sacrifices b

- Hyginus, Astronomica 2.39"Encouraged the Titanes [and Gigathe kingdom and restore it to Satumount tot heaven, Jove with the hand Diana [Artemis], cast them hewho had been their leader, he puthe is said to hold up the sky on his


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150

"Saturnus [Kronos] was thrust froanger he stirs the mighty Titanes towed by fate. There was a shockin

(Earth), a bull, whose back half waally of Zeus] imprisoned it, warnedFates], in a black grove with a triplguts to consuming flames was desBriareus [or Aigaion, a Sea-Titan aadamantine axe and prepares to feensure the victory of the Titanes].birds to grab them; the kite brougstars on merit." - Ovid, Fasti 3

"According to the myths they [thebattles ... they actually fought warthe Titanes and the Gigantes. Thesutterly foolish." - Cicero, De N

"Set free the Titanes who dared to[Zeus]." - Seneca, Hercules Fure

"[Zeus speaks:] What will my aigTyphons thunderbolt? I fear old Kof the proud neck of my lordly advDionysiaca 1.378

"I [Ares] will take my Titan-destroNonnus, Dionysiaca 8.67

"Zeus Lord in the Highest, did notwork, he the sovereign of the starsthreateners of Olympos, the Titaneof Tartaros." - Nonnus, Dionys

"[Zeus] in his first youth batteredOlympos, when he was only a boy

"Ares, destroyer of the Titanes, hisproud neck in heaven, still holdinggore; and ... once upon a time vali(goatskin) defended the gates of Ostormy assault of the Titanes, thusof her fathers head." - Nonn

"The singer wove his lay beside th


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Titanes armed themselves againstvictory of Zeus potent in the Heighunder the thunderbolt, and Zeus sTartarean pit, armed in vain with tstorm." - Nonnus, Dionysiaca 24

"He [Pan] once helped to defendfought against the Titanes."

"[Athene to Dionysos:] Your fatherbattle, when the Titan-gods armedNonnus, Dionsyiaca 30.283

"[Hermes to Poseidon and Apollongods took side in the war of DionyIndians] Brother of Zeus [Poseidyou, famous Archer, throw to theand you, your pronged trident: lesbattle among the gods. Let there nonce gain, after that conflict withOlympos: let me not see another- Nonnus, Dionysiaca 36.110

"What an old man of Titan blood mrace in his speaking picture ... Krostill, or the breed of Titan Helios aNonnus, Dionysiaca 19.158

For MORE information on the fall o

For the closely related STORY of the

TITANES IN TARTAROS

"The undermost limits of earth andseated have no shining of the sunwinds delight, but Tartaros standsI liad 8.479

"The goddess Hera of the white ar[Hypnos] commanded, and calledwho live in the Pit, and who are casworn this, and made her oath a c14.277


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"[In the Titan War] they [Zeus andHekatonkheires] launched from thovershadowed the Titenes with thebeneath the wide-pathed earth, anwhen they had conquered them by

spirit, as far beneath the earth asis it from earth to Tartarus. For afalling down from heaven nine nigearth upon the tenth: and again, anine nights and days would reachruns a fence of bronze, and night slike a neck-circlet, while above grounfruitful sea. There by the counsethe Titan gods are hidden under mwhere are the ends of the huge eafor Poseidon fixed gates of bronzeit on every side. There [the Hekatogreat-souled Obriareus live, trustyaigis." - Hesiod, Theogony 715

"And there, all in their order, are tearth and misty Tartaros and the uloathsome and dank, which even tshining gates and an immoveable tunending roots and it is grown of ithe gods, live the Titenes, beyondTheogony 807

"And through the two of them [Zethe thunder and lightning, and thrand the scorching winds and blazintrembled where he rules over theunder Tartaros who live with Kronclamour and the fearful strife."

"Hera prayed, striking the groundspeaking thus: `Hear now, I pray,and you Titanes gods [Titanes theabout great Tartaros, and from wh

men! Harken you now to me, onebear a child apart from Zeus [herbore the monster Typhoeus].'"300

"Prometheus [laments his fate, sahave been cast into Tartaros alongOh if only he [Zeus] had hurled m


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Haides, the entertainer of the deadhad ruthlessly fastened me in fetteChorus [of Okeanides]: ... He [Zeuinflexibly and keeps in subjection t(genna ouranios ) [the Titanes];

satiated his soul or another seizesdevice of guile. " - Aeschylus,

"The cavernous gloom ( mela( palaigens ) Kronos and his alli

Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 221

"Let him [Zeus] lift me [the Titandown to black Tartaros with the sw(anank ) [i.e. the fate of the otheshall never bring to death [i.e. bec- Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 1

"Even to Haides' fathomless abyssdepths of gloom [to hear the Olymthemselves]." - Quintus Smyrn

" The first to introduce Titanes intothem as gods down in what is callepassage about Heras oath."

"O mighty Titanes ... in Tartaros pbeneath the solid ground ... Avertseats one of your tribe should wishHymn 37 to the Titans

"Mine [Haides'] is the prison-housand of the Titanes, eager to force this own unhappy sire [Kronos]."

"Fain would she [Eris furious at bewedding of Peleus & Thetis] unbarhollows and rouse the Titanes froheaven the seat of Zeus, who rule

Helen 48

"[Typhoeus to Zeus declaring his ithrone of heaven:] Then with hisGigante yelled out threats againstO my hands! Shake the foundationblessed ones with it! Break the barDrag down to earth the heavenly p


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"The Paionians [people of the highPelagonians ... Since the 'paianismhymn] of the Thrakians is called 'tiGreeks, in imitation of the cry uttewere called Pelagonians." - S

"Them [the Pelasgians] who drewblood of the Sithonian Gigantes."

"O mighty Titanes ... in Tartaros pbegan the afflicted miserable raceretreats abide, but in the ocean anspecies from your nature flows, whknows." - Orphic Hymn 37 to th

"Someone created men to be a racalbeit he gave them inferior strengIapetos, Prometheus ... or whethethat flowed from the Titanes; for tthan men, apart from the gods."

For the related STORY of the birth oGIGANTES

RELEASE OF THE TITANES

"And they [the Heroes in Elysium]islands of the blessed along the shhappy heroes for whom the grain-fruit flourishing thrice a year, far frKronos rules over them; for the fathim from his bonds. And these last- Hesiod, Works & Days 156

"Does not even now great Atlas strheaven, far from his fathers land

almighty Zeus set free the Titanes,breeze abates, the sails are set anant13

For MORE specific stories of TitansPROMETHEUS


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TITANES OF THE PELOPONESS

I) TITAN KRONOS IN ELIS

"When I come to Kronos sunlit hiOlympian 1 ep4

"Mount Kronios, as I have alreadyterrace [at the sanctuary of Olympit. On the summit of the mountaincalled, sacrifice to Kronos at the snew year], in the month called ElaEleans." - Pausanias, Guide to G

"As for the Olympic games, the mothat Kronos was the first king of h

temple was built in Olympia by thenamed the Golden Race ... Now sowith Kronos himself for the thronethe games in honor of his victory oto Greece 5.7.6 & 10

For MORE information on this Titan

II) TITAN KRIOS IN AKHAIA

"Rivers come down from the mounthe one on the side nearest Aigeirasaid, the Titanos (Titan), which ristributary of the Hermos [NB Sipylnamed after the Lydian mountainGreece 7.27.11


III) TITAN KOIOS IN MESSENIA

"One the road from Andania towarMessenia], as it is called, and the snames perhaps are to be connecteAtlas and Koios the father of Leto.4.33.6


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IV) TITAN IAPETOS IN ARKAD

"The river [Bouphagos in southernsay, from the hero Bouphagos, theor a local king] and Thornax. This also. ." - Pausanias, Guide to Gr


V) TITAN TITAN IN SIKYONIA

The Titan of Sikyonia was perhapsHyperion.

"Having crossed the Asopos Riverreached the summit of the hill, younatives say that Titan first dwelt. Tof Helios (the Sun), and that afterTitane. My own view is that he proseasons of the year and times wheseeds and fruits, and for this reasoHelios (the Sun)." - Pausanias


VI) TITANES HOPLODAMOS &

"Here also [in the sanctuary of Askare kept bones, too big for those othe story ran that they were thoseBorn) mustered by Hopladamos toGuide to Greece 8.32.5

"Mount Thaumasios (Wonderful) lArkadia], and the Methydrians holwith Zeus, she came to this mountcase Kronos should attack her, Ho(Earth-Born). They allow that shepart of Mount Lykaios, but they cladeceived, and here took place the


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child that is spoken of in the Greekmountain is Rheas Cave, into whisave only the women who are sacrGuide to Greece 8.36.2

"[In the sanctuary of Despoine, neimage of Despoine [daughter of Derepresented as a man in armour. Tthat Despoine was brought up byTitanes [or Kouretes], as they areGreece 8.37.1

For MORE information on these TitaANYTOS

VII) YOUNGER TITANES

Prometheus was particularly assocGreece, where he was first said tobrother Epimetheus was linked witKorinthos; and the Titan Atlas hadthe region, ancestresses of the kinElis, Korinthos, and Boiotia.

TITANES OF K RETE & THE G

"The Titanes had their dwelling in place where even to this day menof Rhea and a cypress grove whichfrom ancient times. The Titanes nuwomen, being born, as certain writ(Heaven) and Ge (Earth), but accoKouretes and Titaia, from whom aname they have. The males wereKrios and Okeanos, and their siste

Mnemosyne, Phoibe and Tethys [hwas the discover of things of benethe benefaction they conferred upohonours and everlasting fame."History 5.66.1

"And so these gods [the Titanes],benefactions which they conferred


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only accorded immortal honours, bwere the first to make their homehad been translated from amongof History 5.67.3

The story of the Titanes of the islaprobably also part of the Kretan tr

For MORE information on the Golde

TITANES OF DREPANE & AGRIG

The island of Drepane, home of Tivariously identified with Korkyra a

"In the Keraunian Sea, fronting thand spacious island [Drepane], un(bear with me, Mousai; it gives metale) the sickle used by Kronos to(Sky). Others call it the reaping-hoUnderworld), who lived there oncecorn for food, in her affection for Mthe island takes its name of DrepaPhaiakians, who by the same toke(Heaven)." - Apollonius Rhodiu

TITANES OF THRA K E & ZA

In the story of the Thraco-Orphic gidentified by the Greeks with bothwere a tribe of barbarian giants whgypsum ( titanos ) slopes of MoThessalia. They were closely identwho later made war on the gods.

"The stories told of Dionysos by ththat he was reared in Mesatis [in Asorts of perils through the plots of to Greece 7.19.4

"From Homer the name of the Titapoet] Onomakritos, who in the org


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made the Titanes the authors of thGuide to Greece 8.37.1

"This god [Dionysos-Zagreus] wasand Persephone, and Orpheus has

initiatory rites that he was torn inDiodorus Siculus, Library of Histo

"Sons of Jove [Zeus]. Liber [Dionywhom the Titanes dismembered."

"Liber [Dionysos], son of Jove [Zewas dismembered by the Titanes,bits, to Semele in a drink. When shJuno [Hera], changing herself to losaid to her: Daughter, ask Jove toJuno, so you may know what pleasher suggestion Semele made this rby a thunderbolt." - Hyginus,

"Zagreus the horned baby [son of himself climbed upon the heavenlylightning in his little hand, and nethunderbolts in his tender fingers [the universe].But he did not hold the throne of Zresentment of implacable Hera, ththeir round faces with disguising ccontemplated his changeling countdestroyed him with an infernal knibeen cut piecemeal by the Titan stbeginning of a new life as Dionysoand changed into many forms: no[Zeus] shaking the aegis-cape, nokneed, pouring rain. Sometimes hsometimes like a mad youth with tmarking his rounded chin with blaa horrible roar in furious rage fromlifted a neck shadowed by a thick

sides with the self-striking whip ofhis hairy back. Next, he left the shringing neigh, now like an unbrokehigh to shake out the imperious towhitened his cheek with hoary foawhistling hiss from his mouth, a cuwith scales, darting out his tongueleaping upon the grim head of som


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snaky spiral coils. Then he left theand became a tiger with gay stripebull emitting a counterfeit roar froTitanes with sharp horn. So he fou

jealous throat bellowed harshly thr

resentful step-mother! And the gather jealous throat from high heavethe murderers each eager for his tpiecemeal the bull-shaped DionysoAfter the first Dionysos had been sthe trick of the mirror with its reflemother of the Titanes [Gaia the Eashut up the murderers of horned DTartaros [after a long war]: the treGaia (Earth) was scorched with heNow Okeanos poured rivers of tealibation of suppliant prayer. Thensight of the scorched earth; he pitiwater the ashes of ruin and the fieThen Rainy Zeus covered the whothe earth [in the flood of Deukalion

"[Gaia to the Gigantes:] 'Wound hiand kill him for me like Zagreus, tthat Gaia in her anger has twice arbreed of Kronides [Zeus] - the oldDionysos [Zagreus], the youngerborn." - Nonnus, Dionysiaca 48.

For MORE information on this god s

TITANES OF EGYPT & EPAPHOS

The Titanes were sometimes identievil god who slew and dismember

"The Aigyptians (Egyptians) in thesay that in ancient times the Titanagainst Osiris and slew him, and thit into equal parts among themselvof the house, but this organ aloneno one of them was willing to takedown the murder of her husband,[Set] and fashioning the several pi


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hold Ouranos down whilst KronosTheogony 207

"The Paionians [people of the highPelagonians ... Since the 'paianism

hymn] of the Thrakians is called 'tiGreeks, in imitation of the cry uttewere called Pelagonians." - S

"By the image of Despoine standsarmour. Those about the sanctuarup by Anytos, who was one of theare called.The first to introduce Titanes intothem as gods down in what is callepassage about Heras oath.From Homer the name of the Titanpoet] Onomakritos, who in the orgmade the Titanes the authors of thGuide to Greece 8.37.1

TITLES & EPITHETS OF THE TI

The Titanes had a number of alterepithets..

Greek Names:Transliteration:Latin Spelling:Translation:

3Y V ERM[HOuranidesUranidesHeavenly OneSons of Ouranos

Greek Names:Transliteration:Latin Spelling:Translation:

%OQSRMHAkmonidaiAcmonidaeUntiring, Of tAnvil (akmnSons of Akmo

Sources :


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o Homer, The I liad - Greeo Hesiod, Theogony - Gro The Homeric Hymns -o Homerica, The Titanomacho Pindar, Odes - Greek Lyrio Greek Lyric II Alcman, o Greek Lyric II Anacreono Aeschylus, Prometheus Boo Apollodorus, The Library o Apollonius Rhodius, The Ao The Orphic Hymns - Go Callimachus, Hymns -o Lycophron, Alexandrao Quintus Smyrnaeus, Fall oo Strabo, Geography - Go Pausanias, Guide to Greeco Diodorus Siculus, The Libo Ptolemy Hephaestion, Newo Hyginus, Fabulae - Latio Hyginus, Astronomicao Ovid, Fasti - Latin Epic C1so Cicero, De Natura Deorumo Seneca, Hercules Furenso Statius, Thebaid - Latino Oppian, Halieutica - Gro Colluthus, The Rape of Heo Nonnos, Dionysiaca -o Photius, Myriobiblon -

Other references not currently quoted Clement Homil. 6.2

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