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BY
M.LAKSHMI SANJANA (3/4-B.ECIVIL)
P.SAI PAVAN REDDY (3/4-B.E
NON DESTRUCTIVE
TESTING OFSTRUCTURES
From
Sri Vasavi Institute of
Engineering
& Technology
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WHAT IS NON DESTRUCTIVE
TESTING?
Non Destructive testing are non invasive
techniues to !eter"ine the integrit# o$ a
"ateria%& co"'onent or structure or
uantitave%# "easure so"e characteristic o$an o()ect*+
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INTRODUCTIO
N:For inspecting the defects on surface.
Wide group of analysis techniques used in science
&industry.
Saves both the time &money.
Use of this N.D.T in specialist high risk areassuch as nuclear & sea shore structures , gas & oil
pipelines.
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WHY WE ARE USING
N.D.T FORSTRUCTURE?
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WHY WE ARE USING N.D.T?
Its an assessment withoutdoing harm, destroying the
test.
Plays crucial role inensuring cost effective
operation, safety and
reliability of plant.
Cost saving technique in
quality assurance process.
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N.D.TMETHODS
Ultrasonic Testing (UT)Ultrasonic pulse velocity
methodRebound hammer testRadiographic Testing (RT)Liquid penetrate TestingMagnetic particle TestingElectromagnetic Testing (ET)
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N.D.T TESTS
Ultrasonic Pulse
Velocity test.
ReboundHammer test.
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ULTRA SONIC PULSEVELOCITY TEST
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Ul!"#$%&' Pl# Vl$'&*Ul!"#$%&' Pl# Vl$'&*T#T# It measures the time !
tra"e# ! a$ u#tras$i%&u#se &assi$' thru'hthe %$%rete.
The a&&aratus !r
u#tras$i% &u#se"e#%it( measureme$t%$sists ! the!##)i$'*
+a, E#e%tri%a# &u#se'e$eratr
+-, Tra$su%er / $e &air+%, Ami0er+, E#e%tr$i% timi$'
e"i%e
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H$+ & +$!,#
I$ u#tras$i% testi$'1a$u#trasu$ tra$su%er%$$e%te t a
ia'$sti% ma%hi$e is&asse "er the-3e%t -ei$'
i$s&e%te.
There are t)
meths ! re%ei"i$'the u#trasu$)a"e!rm1 re4e%ti$
a$ atte$uati$.
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ULTRASONIC PULSE VELOCITYTEST
The transducer
performs both the
sending and the
receiving of the
pulsed waves as
the "sound" is
reflected back tothe device.
In attenuation mode,
a transmitter sends
ultrasound through
one surface, and a
separate receiver
detects the amount
that has reached it onanother surface after
traveling through the
medium.
Reflection mode: Attenuation mode:
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The &u#se "e#%it( meth is a$ iea#t# !r esta-#ishi$' )hether %$%reteis u$i!rm.
A&ie t -th e5isti$' stru%turesa$ thse u$er %$stru%ti$.
Hi'h &u#se "e#%it( reai$'s are'e$era##( i$i%ati"e ! ' 6ua#it(%$%rete.
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InterpretationInterpretation
To determine the quality & homogeneity ofthe concrete structures.
To determine the existence of the aws,cracks & voids in concrete structures.
Table: Velocity riterion for concrete !uality"rading #$% :'' (art $ ).
S.N$
Pl# l$'&* &% '!$##!$0&%1 (,2/#')
C$%'!"l&*
G!"&%17. A-"e 8.9 E5%e##e$t
:. ;.9 t 8.9 G
;. ;.< t ;.9 =eium
8. >e#) ;.< Du-t!u#
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Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test
Advantages:
High penetrating power
High sensitivity
!reater accuracy
Some capa"ility in
estimating the si#e $
shape $ nature of the
flawsporta"ility
Disadvantages:
%anual operation reuires
careful attention "y
e'perience( technicians )ifficulty in inspecting the
parts which are irregular
*euirement of the
couplants Test o"+ects shoul( "e
water resistant
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RE>OUND HA==ER
TEST
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REBOUND HAMMER TEST
This is a sime1 ha$( t#1)hi%h %a$ -e use t &r"ie a%$"e$ie$t a$ ra&i i$i%ati$! the %m&ressi"e stre$'th !%$%rete.
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Re-u$ Hammer test*Re-u$ Hammer test*
The s%hemati%ia'ram sh)i$'"arius &arts ! are-u$ hammer)ere
7.C$%rete sur!a%e:.Im&a%t s&ri$';.Rier $ 'uie r8.Wi$) a$ s%a#e9.Hammer 'uie
. Re#ease %at%[email protected]&ressi"e s&ri$'.L%Bi$' -utt$.Husi$'7
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The elastic mass depends on the hardness of the
surface.
It is related to the compressive strength of the concrete.
The rebound value is designated as the rebound number
or rebound index.
The results are significantly affected by :
A,-i. characteristics+/,Ang%e o$ inc%ination o$ !irection o$ ha""er+
C,-e"(er characteristics+
PRINCIPLE
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'0 '$2!##& #!%15 N/#6.22 l$"1"&%#
!0$% %20!
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A)S!%15 A####2%7
To assess the relative strength of concrete
based on the hardness.
Casting cubes were tested under controlledconditions.
This is due to hardening of concrete surface
due to carbonation.It restricted to relatively new structures only.
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B)S!* $8 +", "%
l"2&%"&%1 '$%'!7It helps to identify relative surface weakness in
cover concrete and to determine the relative
compressive strength of concrete.This survey is carried by dividing the member
into well-defined grid points.
The grid matrix should have a spacing ofapproximately !!mm x !!mm.
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ProcedureProcedure
Shu# -e teste a'ai$st the testa$"i#.
A&( #i'ht &ressure $ the u$'era$ a##) it t e5te$ t the rea(&siti$ !r the test.
A&( a 'raua# i$%rease i$ &ressure
u$ti# the hammer im&a%ts.TaBe the a"era'e ! a-ut 79 reai$'s.
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Advantages:
Assessi$' the #iBe#(%m&ressi"e stre$'th
! %$%rete .
Assessi$' the6ua#it( ! %$%rete i$re#ati$ t sta$arre6uireme$ts.
R0$% H"22! #7
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Interpretation of Results:
The re-u$ reai$' $ the i$i%atrs%a#e has -ee$ %a#i-rate -( thema$u!a%turer ! the re-u$ hammer !rhri$ta# im&a%t.
Average Re(oun! Nu"(er 0ua%it# o$ Concrete"#! $ery good hard layer
! to #! %ood layer
&! to ! 'air
( &! )oor concrete
! *elaminated
Ta-#e* A"era'e Re-u$ $um-er a$ 6ua#it( !%$%rete
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CONCLUSION
For better maintenance of existing
concrete structures, there are stillmore tests have to be done.
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