AN OVERVIEW ON ROADS INFRASTRUCTURE
DEVELOPMENT IN CAMBODIA
Presented by: Mr. CHHOUK Chhay Horng
Head of Civil Engineering Department
Institute of Technology of Cambodia
THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RURAL ROADS 2013:
Toward Sustainable Road Development
4th December, 2013
Rama Garden Hotel, Bangkok
Outline
General Background of Cambodia
History of Road Construction
Road Classification & Statistics
Overview of Road Network
Road Development Plan
2
Background of Cambodia
• Name: Kingdom of Cambodia
• Capital: Phnom Penh
• Official Languages: Khmer
• Area: 181,035 km2
• Administrative Units: 24 provinces and cities
• Population: 14.9 million in 2010
• Religion: Buddhism (96.4%)
• GPD per capita: 958USD in 2012
• Economy: Textile industry, Tourism, Agriculture
• Currency: Riel (4.000 Riel =102 Yen= 1USD )
3
Background of Cambodia
• Neighboring Countries:
– Laos PDR: North (541Km)
– Thailand: North and West (800Km)
– Vietnam: East and Southwest (1,228Km)
– Gulf of Thailand: Southwest (435Km)
• Climate: Tropical and Monsoon
• Season: Dry season (Dec-Apr)
Rainy season (May-Nov)
• Average temperature: 27oC (max. 39oC)
• Annual Rainfall : varies throughout country
- Southwest: up to 5000mm
- Central area 1500mm
4
• Background:
– Developed between 1890 and 1950
– Designed for light traffic
– Pavement width: 4m - 6m
– Low Embankment
– Pavement type: Macadam base and Asphalts concrete
• Reason that caused damaged to road infrastructure
– Destroyed by Civil war in the decade of 1970
– Lack of Maintenance
– Disastrous floods in 1991, 1996, 2000, 2012 and 2013
– Grow of traffic volumes and overloaded truck
History of Road Construction
5
Timeline of Road Infrastructure
6
1942 1960s 1970
1975
2011 1990s
Khmer Rouge 1975-79
1980s
Road Classification & Statistics 7
• Road Classification and Division of Responsibilities
– Ministry of Public Work and Transport (MPWT)
• National Roads/Primary road
– 1ST Digit Road
– 2nd Digits Road
• Provincial Roads/Secondary road
– Ministry of Rural Development (MRD)
• Rural Roads/tertiary road
Road width Category
Road Classification & Statistics 8
Road Classification Length
(Km) No. of Bridges
Bridge Length
(m) Management
Authority
1-Digit National Roads 2117 589 17643
MPWT 2-Digit National Roads 3146 698 15710
Provincial Roads 6441 904 16309 Rural Road 33005 1869 26559 MRD Total Length 44709 4060 76221
5% 7%
14%
74%
1-Digit National Roads
2-Digit National Roads
Provincial Roads
Rural Road
Distribution of Road Network
Road Classification & Statistics 9
Rural Road Length by Type, Surfacing and Condition (2007)
Estimated Proportions of Length and Condition (2007)
Road Classification & Statistics 10
Road Pavement Ratio (2009)
And Ratio of Permanent bridges Pavement Status (2009)
Population by Road Density 11
Overview of Road Network 12
Overview of Road Network 13
Overview of Road Network 14
Overview of Road Network 15
• Some Pictures of Completed Road Improvement Projects
Overview of Road Network 16
• Road Damage in 2013
Road Development Plan 17
Road Classification Road Design Target
1-Digit National Roads To improve the road to be all weather condition by
asphalt concrete pavement with sufficient capacity and
standard for international corridor
2-Digit National Roads To improve the road to be highway class function under
all weather condition by asphalt concrete pavement or
DBST
Provincial & Rural Roads To maintain the road function level to be trafficable in
accordance with traffic demand by strengthening the
road maintenance system
• Policies of Road Improvement
Road Development Plan 18
Road Category/
Classification International
Highway* Highway/Arte
rial Highway/Minor
Arterial Provincial/Collector District/Local
General
Road Class/Number
Digit AH/1-Digit 1-Digit 2-Digit 2/3-Digit Rural
Number of Lanes 4*** 2--4 2 2 2
Design Standard Asian Highway/
CRDS** (R5) CRDS (R5) CRDS (R5/R4) CRDS (R4/R3) CRDS (R2/R1)
Design Speed (Km/hr) 80-110 60-100 60-90 50-70 20-60
Cross-Section
Cross-Section Type A & B A & B B C D & E
Right-of-Way (m) 60 60 50 40 30
Vehicle lane (m) 3.5 3.5 3.25--3.50 3 2.50--2.75
Shoulder (m) 3 3 3 2.5 1.50--2.00
Traffic Volume
Design Traffic Volume
(ADT in peu) >10,000 >10,000 3,000--10,000 3,000--10,000 150--1,000
Pavement Structure
Surface Type Asphalt
Concrete Asphalt
Concrete Asphalt Concrete Asphalt Concrete or DBST DBST or Laterite
• Proposed Road Design Standard
* AHS- Asian Highway Standard ** CRDS- Cambodia Road Design Standard
Road Development Plan 19
• Major Road Improvement Projects
Road Development Plan 20
References
21
1. Asian Development Bank (2011), Transportation Sector Assessment,
Strategy and Road Map.
2. Report from Ministry of Public Works and Transport (2010), Overview
on Transport Infrastructure Sectors In the Kingdom of Cambodia.
3. Report from Ministry of Rural Development (2007), Strategies Plan for
Rural Roads.
4. World Bank (Access in Sept 2013), Transport in Cambodia.
5. Asian Development Bank (2012), Urban Sector Assessment, Strategy
and Road Map.
THANK YOU
THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RURAL ROADS 2013:
Toward Sustainable Road Development
4th December, 2013
Rama Garden Hotel, Bangkok
