N-Sen Manual 20180424 - NNNCo. · 2 N-sen Types There are three N-sen variants available as...

ST08-UM-001 NationalNarrowbandNetworkCommunications.www.nnnco.com.au

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N-sen User Manual ST08-UM-001 April 2018


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ChangeLog

Description Date Who

1.0 Firstdraft. 7/10/17 DC1.1 Addedexternalsensorwiringdiagram.FAQupdate.Known

problemsupdate.12/10/17 DC

1.2 Updatedfeaturesforv48firmware.Startedonfirmwareupdate,modemmodeandpowersupplydescription.

3/11/17 DC

1.3 Updatedfeaturesforv48Afirmware–Secondintervalreportadded.

23/11/17 DC

1.4 Updatedfeaturesforv48Bfirmware–Triggeredreportsandpulseinputstatechannelsadded.

1/12/17 DC

1.5 Minorcleanup.Cayennechanneldatatypeschecked. 4/12/17 DC1.6 UpdatedfeaturesforV50Afirmware–Parameterssplitin

twogroups,accumulatedpulseandbridgechannelsadded.AddeddetailsonCayennelimitationsandsplitpackets.Extendedpowersupplydescription.

27/12/17 DC

1.7 Changeddefaultsettingsforgenericuserandimprovedchannelmaskdescription.

10/01/18 DC

1.8 Correctiontoreportconditionvalues. 11/01/18 DC1.9 UpdatedforV51Afirmware–Valuetriggersnow

implemented.Modecommandadded.24/01/18 DC

2.0 Minorcorrections. 30/01/18 DC2.1 Minorcorrections 23/04/18 RZ


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Table of Contents

1 Overview..........................................................................................................................................4

2 N-senTypes .....................................................................................................................................4

2.1 Internalsensors......................................................................................................................42.2 Externalinputsandoutputs ...................................................................................................4

3 N-senUsage.....................................................................................................................................7

4 N-senConfiguration ........................................................................................................................7

4.1 DriverInstallationWindowsXP/7/8only ...............................................................................74.2 ConfiguringthePort ...............................................................................................................74.3 TerminalSession ....................................................................................................................94.4 N-senCommands .................................................................................................................104.5 N-senParameters.................................................................................................................124.5.1 SystemGroupDescription ....................................................................................................................144.5.2 ReportingGroupDescription................................................................................................................154.5.3 LoRaWANParameters .........................................................................................................................174.5.4 HardwareConfigurationParameters...................................................................................................174.5.5 ReportingParameters ..........................................................................................................................184.5.6 IntervalReporting ................................................................................................................................184.5.7 ConditionalReporting ..........................................................................................................................184.5.8 PulseCountingandAccumulation .......................................................................................................184.5.9 TriggeredReporting .............................................................................................................................19

4.5.10 ChannelMasks .............................................................................................................................214.6 Resetcommand ...................................................................................................................234.7 PasswordSettings ................................................................................................................244.8 SystemMode .......................................................................................................................244.9 DemonstrationConfiguration ..............................................................................................244.10 UsingGPS .............................................................................................................................254.11 UplinkPayloadFormat–MyDevicesCayenneDataFormat................................................254.12 LimitationsofMydevicesCayenneDataRendering.............................................................274.13 SplitPayloadManagement ..................................................................................................28

5 KnownProblems............................................................................................................................28

6 Softwarefeaturesindevelopment................................................................................................28

6.1 ModemMode ......................................................................................................................287 SoftwareUpdate ...........................................................................................................................28

8 PowerSupply.................................................................................................................................29

9 Specifications.................................................................................................................................30

10 Frequentlyaskedquestions...........................................................................................................30


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N-sen User Manual

1 Overview

N-senisacompactself-containedmultipurposeLoRaWANendpointdevicepackagedinaruggedwaterproofenclosurewithaconfigurableedgecomputingsoftwareplatformbuiltin.Itprovidesinternalsensorsandcanalsobeconnectedtoexternalsensorsandinstrumentswhichsupportlogging,pulse/accumulationandahighlyflexibleeventtriggeringsystem.AkeyfeatureofN-senisitsabilitytobeeasycustomisedtosuitcustomerspecificrequirementsbeyonditsstandardconfiguration.Thismayonlyrequiresoftwarechangesbutcanalsoincludehardwareconfigurationchangesdoneduringmanufacture.

2 N-sen Types

TherearethreeN-senvariantsavailableasstandard:1. N-sen-S.ThisisthestandardproductthatincludesallinternalsensorsexceptGPSandall

externalinputsandoutputs.2. N-sen-G.ThisaddsGNSSbasedlocationservicestoN-sen-S.3. N-sen-P.Thisisastrippeddownversionintendedforlowcostpulselogging.

Productsarenormallysuppliedwithafullysealedenclosurebutarealsoavailablewithventsthatallowtheinternalsensorstosampletheoutsideenvironment.Thestandardproductincludesthefollowing:

2.1 Internal sensors

1. Temperature.2. Humidity(indicatesdeworleakageinsealedenclosure).3. Barometricpressureandaltitude(typicallydisabledinsealedenclosure).4. 3-Axisaccelerometerincludingderivedpitchandrollangles.5. Powermonitoringincludingbatterycurrentsandvoltages.

2.2 External inputs and outputs

1. 3xdrycontactpulseoreventinputs.2. 3x0-3Vanalogueinputswith2channelsfactoryconfiguredforalternateuseforconnection

tothermistors.3. 1x4-20mAanalogueloopcurrentinput.4. 2xDCswitchingoutputs.5. 1x0-3Vanalogueoutput.6. 1xserialportwithtransmitenable(3Vlevels).

Factoryconfigurationdetermineswhichinputsandoutputsareavailableontheexternalsensorconnectorandalsoallowsforalternatescalingandgroupingoftheanalogueinputstosupportbridgesensorssuchaspressure,vacuumandmagnetictransducerswithswitched3Vpower.Soilmoisturesensorsrequiringcommutatingdrivearealsosupported.ActivepulsesensorssuchasthosewithbufferedCMOSoutputscanalsobesupportedwithswitched3Vpower.Thestandardsensorconnectorconfigurationisasfollows:


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Pin number

Wire colour

Name Description Alternate function in standard product.

1 White PulseCH-1

Pulsechannel1.Drycontact.

2 Blue PulseCH-2

Pulsechannel2.Drycontact.

3 Red PulseCH-3

Pulsechannel3.Drycontact. Configurableasaneventinputresultinginimmediateuplink

4 Black Com Commonforpulseinputs.

9 White/Black

AIN-1 Analogueinput1.0-3VRange.Use9.1Mseriesresistortoscaleto0-30V.

8 Brown AIN-2 Analogueinput2.0-3VRange.Use9.1Mseriesresistortoscaleto0-30V.

Thermistorchannel1.

7 Yellow AIN-3 Analogueinput3.0-3VRange.Use9.1Mseriesresistortoscaleto0-30V.

Thermistorchannel2.

6 Green Com Commonforanalogueandthermistorinputs.

Table1:SensorConnections

Astandardsensorcableassemblyisavailablethatbreaksouttheseconnectionstosoldertailswiththewirecoloursshown.Compatibleconnectorsforcustomerwiringarealsoavailable.

Notes:

1. N-sendoesnotprovidea5or12Vsupplyoutputstopowerexternalinstrumentsorcurrentloops.

2. Accesstothe4-20mAloopinput,analogueoutput,DCoutputsorserialportrequiresalternateinternalwiring.

3. Seesection9fordetailedsensorspecifications.4. Consultthesupplierformoreinformation.

Thefollowingdiagramshowstypicalsensorwiringinmoredetail.Theviewoftheconnectorshownislookingatthesolderablepinsattherearoftheconnector.Thepinsareclosetogetherandsomeskillisrequiredforhandassembly.Werecommendusingthebreakoutcableassemblywherepractical.


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Figure1:ExternalSensorWiringDiagram


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3 N-sen Usage

N-senshipswithageneralpurposeedgecomputingfirmwaresuite.Itspurposeistoallowsimpleconfigurationandreportingofsensordatabasedonanintervalorevent.DataisformattedintopacketsthatarecompatiblewiththeIPSOStandard/Cayennecompatibledevices.Packetsinthisformatcanalsobesenttootherreceiversandapplications.Consultyoursupplierformoreadvancedandcustomisedsolutionsforspecificusecasesincludingremoteconfigurationandcontrol.

4 N-sen Configuration

N-senisconfiguredviaaUSBconnectiontoaPCorotherdevicethatcansupportaterminalsession.AdedicatedUSBcableisprovidedthatconnectstothesameconnectorusedforexternalsensorconnection.RemovetheexternalsensorcableandconnecttheUSBcablewhenconfigurationisrequired.TheUSBconnectionprovidesaVirtualComPort(VCP)thatallowsaterminalsessiontobestarted.OnwindowsXP,7and8adriverhastobeloadedtosupporttheVCP.ThedriverisalreadyresidentonWindows10.OtherdevicesincludingLinuxmachines,AppleMACandRaspberryPigenerallydonotrequireadriver.

4.1 Driver Installation Windows XP/7/8 only

IfthedriverisrequiredfirstunziptheVirtualcomportdriver.ThennavigatetotheWin7orWin8folderasrequiredforyourmachine.Thenrunthesetupprogram“dpinst_am64.exe”for64bitor“dpinst_x86.exe”for32bitsystems.UsetheWin7folderforXPsystems.DonotconnecttheN-senuntilafterthedriverhasbeeninstalled.

4.2 Configuring the Port

TheVCPwilltakethenextavailablecomportnumberandthiswillbesystemdependent.Toseetheportusedgotothestartmenuandtypedevicemanagertorunthedevicemanager.Thisisalsoaccessiblefromthecontrolpanel.Withthecontrolpanelopen,connecttheN-sen.


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InthiscasetheN-senhasbeenassignedCOMPort(COM8).YoucanthenlaunchaterminalprogramsuchasTeratermorPutty.OpenaterminalsessionusingtheCOMportassigned(inthisexampleCOM8).Portassignmentonnon-Windowshostswillvary.Contactthesupplierforfurtherassistance.


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4.3 Terminal Session

Withtheterminalsessionopen,press<Enter>andtheN-senwillrespondwithatimestamplikethis:00:38:49.698:-Everytimeyoupress<Enter>anothernulltimestampwillbereturned.Thisallowswhitespacetobeenteredtoseparateeventsifdesired.Thisis“loggingmode”anditwillshowwhattheN-senisdoinginrealtime.Everytimeareportingintervalisreachedyouwillseeitloggedagainstatimestamp.Forexample:

00:41:10.629:MyDevices:capturesensors00:41:11.886:MyDevices:maxpacketsize24200:41:11.877:MyDevicesSVPB:1.181Vetc,dataisbeinguplinkedtothenetwork.

Othereventsarealsologgedincludingthesamplingthebatterystateofchargeevery60seconds.Fromloggingmodeyoucanforceanuplinkbypressingthe“S”keyorCtrl-S(ControlandSkeysatthesametime).InordertoconfigureandinteractwiththeN-sen,pressthe<Home>keyorCtrl-Atomoveinto“commandmode”.TheN-senwillreturnapromptlikethis“>”whenreadyforacommand.

?<Enter>willshowalistofavailablecommands.

WhentheN-senhasbeendisconnectedfromahostpreviouslyandyoumoveintocommandmodetheonlycommandavailablewillbepasswordenter.Therearetwopasswordlevelsrelevanttousersandservicepersonal.Users(default=user)areabletoviewsettingsandinteractwithimmediatecommandsbutcannotchangesettings.Service(default=service)areabletousealluserlevelcommandsandcanalsochangesettings.Entertheservicepasswordasfollows:passservice<Enter>.Thentype?<Enter>forafulllistofthecommandsasfollows:


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4.4 N-sen Commands

Abriefusageforeachcommandisasfollows:

?help–showsalistofcommandsavailable.reset–usedtorestartaunitafterchangesaremadetoLoRaWANsettings.p1–getandsetsystemparameters.p2–getandsetreportingandeventparameters.def–restoresfactorydefaultsettings.(Careful).adc–showstheanaloguereadingsinrealtime.sen–showstheinternalsensorreadinginrealtime.pul1–showsthereport1pulsecountsinrealtime.pul2–showsthereport2pulsecountsinrealtime.pula–showstheaccumulatedpulsecountsinrealtime.pulrst–resetsthereport1and2pulsecounts.pularst–resetstheaccumulatedpulsecounts.gps–turnstheGPSreceiveronandoffandshowsthecurrentlocationinNEMAformatifavailable.pass–passwordentry.trig–triggersanimmediateuplink.therm–showsthetemperaturereadingforthermistor1and2ifconnected.


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bridge–showsthebridgechannelreadingifsensorandhardwareiscorrectlyconfigured.chan1–allowsreport1channelsbeingreportedtobeturnedonoroff.chan2–allowsreport2channelsbeingreportedtobeturnedonoroff.gm–GPSmanagerusedtomonitoranddebugGPSmonitoring.soc–StateOfChargemanagerusedtomonitoranddebugSOCmonitoring.ssm–Systemstatusmanagerusedtomonitoranddebugsystemmonitoring.ATD–Modemmode–useN-senasaLoRaWANmodem.op–TurnDCoutputswitchesonoroff.dout–Outputthespecifiedvalueontheanalogueoutput.0=0V,4095=3Vforstandardproduct.ver–printsoftwareversiondetails.mode–allowsthesystemmodetobedisplayedandchanged.Modesare:run,stopandship.

N-senwillremembercommandspreviouslyissued.Usetheuparrowkeytoscrollthroughthecommandlinehistory,thenpress<Enter>toexecute.

Note:tosampleanddisplaytheimmediatevaluesoftheexternalanalogue,thermistorsandpulseinputsaspecial“Y”cableisavailablethatallowsUSBandsensorconnectionsatthesametime.AlternatelyexternalsensorreadingscanbeviewedinCayenneorotherdashboardsshowinguplinkeddata.Generallya“Y”cableisonlyusedfordebugging.Itisalsopossibletoaccesssensorinputswiththecaseopenforqualifiedpersonal.Pleasecontactthesupplierformoreinformationonthis.


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4.5 N-sen Parameters

Parametersarestoredinpersistentmemory.Theyaredividedintotwogroups:p1–systemparameters.p2–reportingparameters.Parameterscanbeviewedandchangedonthecommandline.Therearemanyparametersandtheymustbehandledcarefully.Tosimplifythis,aPCapplicationandremoteaccesswebsitearebeingdevelopedandshouldbeavailablesoon.Pleasecontactthesupplierformoreinformationonthis.

Toshowallsystemparameterstypep1<Enter>asfollows:


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Toshowallofthereportingparameterstypep2<Enter>asfollows:

Theparameterlistsarearrangedintorowswithanindexnumber,nameandvaluepair.Toviewaspecificparameterusep1orp2followedbytheindexnumberoftheparametertobedisplayed.e.g.p112<Enter>willshowtheDevEUI.

Tochangeaparameterusep1orp2followedbytheindexnumber,followedbythenewvaluerequired.e.g.p21300<Enter>willsetthereportingintervalto300seconds=5minutesforreport1.“1”istheindexnumberwhichreferstotheparameternamed“Rep1Secs”.Thechangevalueischeckedandifacceptablewillbewrittenintopersistentstorage.Thechangewillbeechoedbackonthecommandlineifitwasaccepted.e.g.>p21300Rep1Secs:300>


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(Changewasacceptedandhasbeensaved).

>p21freddofrog>(Changewasnotaccepted–valuewasnotechoedback).

4.5.1 System Group Description

Index Name Description ValueTypeRange

Default Editable ResetNeeded

3 DevClass LoRaWANdeviceclass–Setbyfactory.

A/B/C A NO Yes

4 PubNet LoRaWANpublicnetworkflag.

0=off.1=on.i.e0/1

1 Yes Yes

5 OTA LoRaWANOTAAflag. 0/1 0 Yes Yes6 ADR LoRaWANADRflag. 0/1 1 Yes Yes7 ConfMsg LoRaWANConfirmed

Messagesflag.0/1 0 Yes Yes

8 DevAddr LoRaWANDeviceAddress.

4bytesinhex

000FFFFF Yes Yes

9 NwkId LoRaWANNetworkID.

4bytesinhex

00000000 Yes Yes

10 NwkSKey LoRaWANnetworksessionkey.

16bytesinhex

026F52D7445070BA259E3F6CDAFA64C3

Yes Yes

11 AppSKey LoRaWANapplicationkey(OTAA)orapplicationsessionkey(ABP).

16bytesinhex

1E1E892E4C61992E8F9436950D1E59B6

Yes Yes

12 DevEUI LoRaWANDeviceEUI–Setbyfactoryforeachunit.

8bytesinhex

947EB900000Fxxxx

NO Yes

13 AppEUI LoRaWANApplicationEUIforOTAA.

8bytesinhex

Yes Yes

14 PacGapSecs Timebetweenpacketsinsecondsifpayloadneedstobesplitintomultiplepackets.

1-4294967295

10 Yes Yes

15 ModemPort ModempacketLoRaWANportnumber.

1-255 2 Yes Yes


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16 ExtAnt Enablesexternalantenna.

0/1 0 Yes Yes

17 PABoost EnablesRFPowerBoost.

0/1 0 Yes Yes

18 GPSTimerSecs TimeoutinsecondsallowedforGPSinitialfixbeforereceiverisswitchedoff.

0-4294967295

300 Yes NO

19 SOCTotal TotalchargeinAmp/Secondsforprimarycell/sfitted.StateOfCharge.

- 9000for1xAA size LTCcell

Yes Yes

20 SOCSampleSecs SamplingintervalinsecondsforSOC.

- 60 NO NO

21 SOCStoreSecs StorageintervalinsecondsforSOC.

- 3600 NO NO

22 SocAccum SOCAccumulatorinmicroAmpseconds

8bytes 0000000000000000

NO NO

23 ServicePass Serviceaccesspassword

31charactersmax

service Yes NO

24 UserPass Useraccesspassword

31charactersmax

user Yes NO

25 Mode SystemModeSeemodecommand

0,1,2. service Yes Yes

Table2:SystemConfigurationParameters

4.5.2 Reporting Group Description

Index Name Description ValueTypeRange

Default Editable ResetNeeded

1 Rep1Secs Intervalreport1timeinseconds.

0-4294967295

300 Yes Yes

2 Rep1Chan Intervalreport1channelenablemask.Seealsochan1command.

0000000000000000-FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

000000000020BFC5

Yes Yes

3 Rep1Port Intervalreport1LoRaWANportnumber.

1-255 3 Yes Yes

4 Rep1Cond Intervalreport1Condition.

0-255 0 Yes Yes

5 Rep1PulAcc Intervalreport1 0-7 0 Yes Yes


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PulseChannelAccumulatorsetup

6 Rep2Secs Intervalreport2timeinseconds.

0-4294967295

0=disabled.

Yes Yes

7 Rep2Chan Intervalreport2channelenablemask.Seealsochancommand.

0000000000000000-FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

0000000000000000=alloff.

Yes Yes

8 Rep2Port Intervalreport2LoRaWANportnumber.

1-255 3 Yes Yes

9 Rep2Cond Intervalreport2Condition.

0-255 0 Yes Yes

10 Rep2PulAcc Intervalreport2PulseChannelAccumulatorsetup

0-7 0 Yes Yes

11 TrigSampSec TriggerGeneratorSampleTimer

0-65535 0=Disabled

Yes Yes

TriggerGenerator1

12 Trig1Chan Trigger1sourcechannelnumber

0-255 0 Yes Yes

13 Trig1Cond Trigger1condition 0-5 0 Yes Yes14 Trig1Value Trigger1value 0-65535 0 Yes Yes

15 Trig1Flt Trigger1filterinseconds

0-255 0 Yes Yes

16 Trig1Rep Trigger2reportnumber

0-2 0 Yes Yes

TriggerGenerator2 17 Trig2Chan Trigger2source

channelnumber0-255 0 Yes Yes

18 Trig2Cond Trigger2condition 0-5 0 Yes Yes19 Trig2Value Trigger2value 0-65535 0 Yes Yes20 Trig2Flt Trigger2filterin

seconds0-255 0 Yes Yes


0-2 0 Yes Yes

TriggerGenerator3


0-255 0 Yes Yes




0-2 0 Yes Yes


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TriggerGenerator4


0-255 11 Yes Yes




0-2 1 Yes Yes

Table3:ReportingConfigurationParameters

4.5.3 LoRaWAN Parameters

LoRaWANparametersarepartthesystemgroupshadedingrey.TheN-senisnormallyoperatedaclassALoRaWANlowpowerdevice.Inthismode,thedeviceisabletosleepbetweeneachscheduleduplinkandonlylistensfordownlinkpacketsintheRX1andRX2receivewindowsafteranuplink.ThedefaultbandplanusedisAS923–LoRaWANVersion1.02.TheDevEUIissetatthefactoryandcannotbechanged.Thedeviceclassisalsofixed.

IftheN-senistobeOTAjoined(OverTheAirActivated)thentheAppEUI,AppKey=AppSKeywillberequired.TheOTAflagshouldbeenabled=1.IftheN-senistobeABPjoined(ActivationByPersonalisation)thentheDevAddr,NwkSKeyandAppSKeywillberequired.ThePublicNetworkflagshouldbeenabled=1foruseonallpublicnetworks.Itincreasesthetimeallowanceforjoin.

Note:LoRaWANparameterswillgenerallybepre-configuredbythesupplierduringdeviceprovisioningforyourdevice.Contactthesupplierifchangesarerequired.

4.5.4 Hardware Configuration Parameters

Hardwareconfigurationparametersarepartthesystemgroupshadedinblue.

N-senhasaninternalantennabutcanbepurchasedwithanSMAconnectoroppositethesensorcableconnectorusedforconnectiontoexternalantennas.TheExtAntparametershouldbeenabledinthiscase.Pleasecontactthesupplierformoreinformationonthis.

EnablingPABoostwillincreasetheuplinkpowerbyupto6dBbutwillsignificantlyincreasepowerconsumption.Pleaseseethespecificationsectionformoredetailsonthis.WerecommendleavingPABoostoffonsinglebatterysystems.

GPSTimerSecssetstheamountoftimethesystemwillkeeptheGPSreceiverrunningtoreceiveitsinitiallocationfixbeforepoweringdown.Werecommendleavingthisatthedefaultsetting.

SOCTotalissettothetotalavailablechargeinAmp/Seconds(Coulombs)fortheprimarybatteryusedintheunit.WhenthebatteryStateOfCharge(SOC)iscalculated,thisvaluerepresentstheinitialcapacity=100%.TheSOCsubsystemkeepstrackofthechargeremovedfromthebattery.e.g.


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Ifthechargeusedsofarwas4500x1,000,000micro-ampsecondsthentheSOCreportedwouldbe50%.

4.5.5 Edge Computing Reporting Parameters

Reportingparametersarepartofthereportinggroupshadedingreen.Thissectionisusedtosetupthereportingconfiguration.Thesecanbechangedasrequired.Note:changeswillnotcomeintoeffectuntilafteraresetcommandisissuedinmostcases.

4.5.6 Interval Reporting

Therearetwocompletelyindependenttimeintervalbasedreportgenerators,IntervalReport1and2.Eachhasitsownsetofchannelenables.Atypicalusagewouldbetohavereport1configuredtosendasmallnumberofchannelsoftenwhilereport2isusedtosendalargergrouplessoften.Thisapproachresultsinlongerbatterylifewhilestillprovidingthecriticaldatarequiredatanacceptablerate.

Thedefaultsetupasshippedwillhavethereportingintervalssetasfollows:Rep1Secs=600seconds(every10minutes)andRep2Secs=0.Settingtheintervalto0secondsdisablesthereportfrombeingsentperiodicallybutatriggeredreportcanstillbesentifthetriggeringconditionismet.Thereportingintervalcanbesetintherangeintherange10–4294967295seconds.Werecommendaminimumof60secondsforuseonpublicnetworksandtypically900seconds(15minutes)forlongbatterylifeapplicationswherereportingisunconditional.

4.5.7 Conditional Reporting

Bydefaultnoconditionsareapplied(“Rep1Cond”=0,“Rep2Cond”=0)andintervalreportswillbesentattheintervalspecified.Otherconditionsavailableare:

0 –Noconditionreportswillbesent.1 –Reportsaresentiftrigger1conditionprevails.2–Reportsaresentiftrigger2conditionprevails.3–Reportsaresentiftrigger3conditionprevails.4–Reportsaresentiftrigger4conditionprevails.16–Reportsareonlysentif1ormorepulsesaredetectedonpulseinput1or2duringtheintervaltime.

Otherconditionscanbeaddedtosuitcustomerrequirements.Pleasecontactthesupplierformoreinformationonthis.

4.5.8 Pulse Counting and Accumulation

TheN-senhas3pulseinputchannelswhichcanalsobeusedforstatei.e.openorclosedcontactmonitoring.Eachreportgeneratorhasthreeindependentpulsecounters.Normallythesecountersareresetatthestartofeachnewintervaltoprovideacountperintervalreading.Theycanalsobeswitchedintoaccumulatedmode,wherethecountcontinuestoincrementuntilitisspecifically


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resetorrollsover.Bydefaultaccumulationisdisabled(“Rep1PulAcc”=0,“Rep2PulAcc”=0)butcanenabledseparatelyforeachreportandpulsechannelasfollows:

Rep#PulAcc PulseCH3 PulseCH2 PulseCH10 count count count1 count count accumulate2 count accumulate count3 count accumulate accumulate4 accumulate count count5 accumulate count accumulate6 accumulate accumulate count7 accumulate accumulate accumulateNote:#is1forreport1and2forreport2.

Thesepulsecounters/accumulatorsareassignedtoreportchannels9,10and11andareseparateforeachreport.Thatmeansforexample,pulseinput1couldbeshownasacountinreport1andasanaccumulatedcountinreport2.

Apartfromthesepulsecounters,thereare3completelyseparatecounters(1perpulsechannel)thatarereportedasunsigned32bitvalues(0–4294967295)thatalwaysaccumulateandareassignedtochannels29,30and31.Note:ThesechannelsarenotsupportedbyMydevicesCayenneandareintendedforusewithmoreadvancedmonitoringsystems.

4.5.9 Triggered Reporting

Inmanyapplicationstoextendbatterylife,reducenetworktrafficandalsotocaptureeventsinnearrealtime,triggeredreportingcanbeused.N-senhasaflexiblesystemwithfourindependenttriggergenerators.Theparametersassociatedwiththeseareshadedinorange.Atriggeredreportissentatthetimethetriggerconditionismetandhaspassedthroughafilter.Whiletheconditionprevails,ongoingintervalreportscansentifrequired.Pleaseseeconditionalreportingabove.Afurtherreportcanbesentatthetimetheconditionends.

Eachtriggergeneratorhasthefollowingsettings:

TriggerChannel–thisisthesourcechannelbeingmonitoredfromwhichatriggereventwillbedetected.

TriggerCondition–thisistheconditionthatwillresultintriggering.Optionsare:0–Off-notriggerwillbegenerated.1 –Risingedge=contactopenonpulseinputchannel.2 –Fallingedge=contactclosedonpulseinputchannel.3–Equalto.4 –Lessthan.5 –Greaterthan.


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TriggerValue–numericvalueforthetrigger.Thisisapplicabletoalltriggersbasedonvalue.Forexampleaspecificvoltage,temperature,pitchangleorpulsecount.Itisnotapplicabletocontactopenandclosedetection.

TriggerFilter–Thetriggerconditionmustprevailforthetimespecifiedbythisparameterinsecondsforcontactopenandclosedetection.Thisisintendedforswitchde-bouncing.Foravalue,thisparameterspecifiesthenumbertriggersamplesforwhichtheconditionmustprevailbeforeareportistriggered.

TriggerReport–Thisspecifiesthereportthatwillbesentwhenthetriggerisdetected.Possiblevaluesare:0 –Noreport.1 –Sendreport1whentriggered.2–Sendreport2whentriggered.3 –Sendreport1and2whentriggered.4 –Reserved.5 –Sendreport1whentriggeredandagainwhentriggerconditionends.6–Sendreport2whentriggeredandagainwhentriggerconditionends.7–Sendreport1and2whentriggeredandagainwhentriggerconditionends.

Commontoalltriggergenerators:TriggerGeneratorSampleTimer-Thissetstherateinsecondsatwhichchannelsaresampledfortriggeringpurposes.Itisnotapplicabletocontactopenandclosedetectionwherethedetectionisimmediate.

Asshipped,acontactcloseonpulseinput3foronesecondwilltriggerreport1tobesent.Triggergenerator4isused.ThisishandyfortestingexternalsensorswithoutaUSBconnectiontorequestanuplink.Todisablethisfeaturechangeparameterp228“Trig4Cond”usingthefollowingcommand:p2280<Enter>.Note:0=off.

Example:Wewanttosendreport1ifthetemperaturegoesabove40˚C.Wewillusetriggergenerator1.Whilethisconditionprevailswewanttocontinuesendingreportsevery10minutes.Tokeeppowerconsumptionlow,wewillonlysamplethetemperatureonceaminute.Therelevantparametervaluesare:

P21Rep1Secs=600(Reportintervalsetto10minutes).P24Rep1Cond=1(Reportswillcontinuetobesentwhiletheconditionprevails).P211TrigSampSec=60(Triggersampleratesetto1minute).P212Trig1Chan=13(Sampletemperature).P213Trig1Cond=5(Triggerifgreaterthan).P214Trig1Value=40.0(40degreesC).P215Trig1Flt=0(Nofiltering–triggerwilloccuronfirstsample).P216Trig1Rep=1(Sendreport1).


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4.5.10 Channel Masks

Allofthesensordataisarrangedintonumberedchannels.Onlychannelsthatareenabledwillbesampledandreported.ToshowallofthechannelsforIntervalreport1typechan1<Enter>asfollows:

Note:Bydefaultreport1hasanumberofchannelsalreadyenabled=1.


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Toshowallofthechannelsforintervalreport2typechan2<Enter>.

Note:Bydefaultreport2hasallchannelsdisabled=0.

Toenableachannelforreport1use:chan1number1<Enter>.Todisableachanneluse:chan1number0<Enter>.Forexamplechan1161<Enter>willturnonthepitchanglechannelwhichisavaluederivedfromtheaccelerometer.Toenableanddisablechannelsforreport2usechan2insteadofchan1forthefirstpartofthecommand.

EachchannelisrepresentedbyonebitstoredinRep1Chanforreport1andRep2Chanforreport2inthereportingparametergroup.Bit0representschannel0,bit1channel1etcthroughtobit63.Thisallowsforamaximumof64channels.Sofarbits0–32havebeenassignedtosensorsandderivedvalue.Onceyouhavearrivedatthechannelconfigurationmaskrequiredforyourprojectusingthe“chan1”or“chan2”command,youcancutandpastetheresultingvalueintheparametereditortoquicklyconfigureotherN-senswiththesamechannelmask.


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Note:AlwaysissuearesetcommandafterchannelchangeshavebeenmadesotheN-senwillpickupthenewconfiguration.

4.6 Reset command

Toresettheunitafterparameterchangesaremadewherearesetisrequireduse:reset<Enter>.TheunitwilldisconnectandthenreconnecttoUSBandwillshowalogondialogsimilartothefollowing:

NotesometerminalprogramsincludingTeratermversionspriorto4.95mayneedtobeclosedandthenre-openedafterreset.TheunitwillreturntologgingmodeafteraresetorUSBdisconnectionandreconnection.Apasswordwillhavetobeenteredontransitiontocommandmodewhenthe<Home>keyispressedifUSBwasdisconnected.


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4.7 Password Settings

Iftheservicepasswordwasissuedonentrytothecommandline,itcanbechangedusingtheServicePasswordparameter.Serviceuserscanalsochangetheuserpassword.Iftheuserpasswordwasenteredonentrytothecommandlineonlytheuserpasswordcanbechanged.

4.8 System Mode

N-senhasthreepossiblesystemstates:run,stopandship.RunmodeisthenormalmodewherereportswillbesentviaLoRaWAN.InthismodetheN-senisabletotransmitanddetecttriggerevents.Stopmodeinhibitstransmissionsbutallowssensorstobesampledandtriggeringconditionstobeshownontheterminalinloggingmode.Shipmodeinhibitsalltransmissionsandalsodisablessamplingandtriggerdetection.Shipmodeisintendedforshippingunitswhentransmissionisprohibitedandalsotoconservepoweruntiltheunitisreadytobedeployed.

4.9 Demonstration Configuration

TodemonstratesomeofthefunctionsoftheN-senasimpleMydevicesprofilehasbeensetup.Thiscanbechangedasdescribedabove.ChannelsthatareenabledwillbecustomerspecificbutwillgenerallyincludethefollowingchannelsshownasaCayenneDashboardasfollows:


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4.10 Using GPS

TodetermineifaGPSreceiverisfittedusethecommand:gps1<Enter>.Ifyoureceivetheresponse>gps1GPSStartGPSnoresponseyet>ThenGPSisnotfitted.IfGPSisfitteditwillreturnafixinNEMAformatafterithascalculatedaninitialfixandmaybeenabledinthechannelmasksandreported.TouseGPSinreportsasecondarybattery(rechargeable)shouldbefittedandwillneedtobechargedperiodicallybyconnectingtoaUSBhostorotherexternalsupplydependingonthereportinginterval.PleasecontactthesupplierformoreinformationonGPSoperations.

4.11 Uplink Payload Format – MyDevices Cayenne Data Format

ThenN-sendemonstrationconfigurationuplinkssensordatausingMydevicesCayenneLowPowerPayloadasdescribedinthefollowingdocument:https://mydevices.com/cayenne/docs/lora/

Thedataistransmittedintheorderdescribedinthefollowingtable.Eachchannelcanenabledordisabledusingthe“chan1”or“chan2”command.Toreducethetimerequiredforeachuplinkandthereforereduceonairtimeandpowerconsumption,onlyenabletherequiredchannels.

N-sencanbeselectedasadeviceinCayenneintheLoRasection.UseyourLoRaWANnetworkprovider’sdevicemanagertoenrolyourn-SendeviceseitherusingABPorOTAJoin.AnapplicationroutetoCayenneisrequired.Youcanalsoroutethedatatoyourownapplicationserver.Pleasecontactthesupplierformoreinformationincludingsupporteddownlinkcommands.

Signal Name

Description Cayenne Data Type

Cayenne Data Channel

Cayenne Dashboard Setting

Conversion/ Unit

SVPB Primarybatteryvoltage

AnalogInput 0 Units:VNumdecimals:2

x10mV

SIPB Primarybatterycurrent

AnalogInput 1 Units:mANumdecimals:1

x0.1mA

SVEXT Externalsupplyvoltage


x10mV

SVSB Secondarybatteryvoltage


x10mV

SISB Secondarybatterycurrent


x0.1mA


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SILOOP 4-20mALoopcurrent


x0.01mA

AIN1 Analoginput1 AnalogInput 6 Units:VNumdecimals:2

x10mV

AIN2 Analoginput2 AnalogInput 7 Units:VNumdecimals:2

x10mV

AIN3 AnalogInput3 AnalogInput 8 Units:VNumdecimals:2

x10mV

Pulse1 Pulse1inputcount AnalogInput 9 Units:Counts/100Numdecimals:2

x0.01count


x0.01count


x0.01count

RelativeHumidity HumiditySensor 12 Units:%

Numdecimals:1x0.5%

Temperature Temperature

Sensor13 Units:degC

Numdecimals:1x0.1C

Pressure Barometer 14 Units:hectopascal

Numdecimals:1x0.1hPa

Accelerometer Accelerometer 15 Units:G

Numdecimals:3x0.001G

PitchAngle AnalogInput 16 Units:degrees

Numdecimals:0x1Degree

RollAngle AnalogInput 17 Units:degrees

Numdecimals:0x1Degree

Thermistor1 Temperature

Sensor18 Units:degC

Numdecimals:1x0.1C

Thermistor2 Temperature

Sensor19 Units:degC

Numdecimals:1x0.1C

GPSposition GPSLocation 20

x0.0001Degreex0.01mHeight


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PrimarybatterySOC(StateofCharge)

AnalogInput 21 Units:%Numdecimals:0

x1%

CPUUsage AnalogInput 22 Units:%Numdecimals

CPUUpTimeMissionElapsedTime

AnalogInput 23 Months x0.01

RSSIDown AnalogInput 24 RSSIofdownlink x1dB

SNRDown AnalogInput 25 SNRofdownlink x1dB

Pulse1 Pulse1State DigitalInput 26 Stateofpulseinput1. 0=open1=closed



Pulse1 Pulse1AccumulatedCount

Undefined 29 32bitunsigned N/A





BridgeAIN1,2&3

BridgeSensor AnalogInput 32 Units:mBarNumdecimals:2

x0.01mBar

Table4:CayenneSensorData

4.12 Limitations of Mydevices Cayenne Data Rendering

Cayennehaslimiteddatarendering.Thereisnoprovisionforunitconversions,scaling,offsetsorunsignedvalues.Pulsecountscanonlybeshownasiftheyweresignedanaloguevalueswitharangeof+327.67to-327.68.Thatmeans1pulsewillshowas0.01andasthecountincrementsto32767shownas327.67itwillsuddenlyjumpto-327.68onthenextincrement.The32bitunsignedpulseaccumulatorchannelsareNOTsupportedatallbyCayenne.

Thepayloadformathoweverissimpleandeasytodecodeandcanbedirectedtoalternateapplicationserversasrequired.NNNCowillprovideanimproveddemonstrationplatformforN-seninthefuturewhentheN-senwebsiteispublished.Pleasecontactthesupplierformoreinformation.


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4.13 Split Payload Management

DependingontheLoRaWANdatarateavailable,N-senmayspittheuplinkpayloadintomorethanonepacket.Thetimebetweenpacketsinthiscaseissetbythe“PacGapSecs”parameter.Cayennepayloadswillalwaysbespitsuchthateachfragmentstartswithachannelnumber.Channelsarealwayssentinorderlowest(sentfirst)tohighest(sentlast).Mydevicescopeswellwithsplitpacketsandwillstillcorrectlyupdateeachwidget.

CustomersimplementingtheirownreceiversforN-sendatashouldnotexpectthatallchannelsenabledwillbesentinasinglepacketandshouldparseeachpacketindependently.DependingontheMetadataavailablefromthenetworkserver,sequencenumbersandtimestampscanbeusedtoallocatedatapacketsintospecificsamplebins.Pleasecontactthesupplierformoreinformationonthis.

5 Known Problems

N-senmayfailtoenumeratecorrectlywhenconnectedtoUSBwithsomehosts.Ifthisoccurs,pleaseunplugfromthehostandreconnectafterthirtyseconds.LeavetheUSBcableconnectedallthetimeattheN-senendanddisconnectandreconnectatthehost(PC)end.Pleasebepatientwiththisandweexpecttheproblemtoberesolvedonthenextrelease.

6 Software features in development

Discussfeaturesincludinglogging,serialinterface,modemfunctionsandcompositeUSBwithfilesystem.

6.1 Modem Mode

N-sencanbeusedasamodemforsendingandreceivingdataviaLoRaWAN.Themodemoperatesinhalfduplexmodeanddataisbufferedinbothdirections.APCorotherdeviceisusedasahostconnectedviaUSBVCPorthehardwareserialport.Asuitableapplicationisrequiredonthenetworkside.IssuetheATDcommandtoentermodemdatamode,thenallincomingserialdatawillbepacketisedanduplinkedtothenetworkserver.

ThesizeofeachpacketsentovertheairdependsontheLoRaWANdatarateandthedelaybetweenpacketsuplinkedissetbythe“PacGapSecs”Parameter.AnydatareceivedonthedownlinkwillbesentoutontheserialVCPandhardwareserialport.ToexitmodemdatamodeandreturntocommandmodeissuethestandardHayesmodem“+++”escapesequence.Pleasecontactthesupplierformoreinformationonmodemmode.

7 Software Update

FirstreleaseN-senproducts(onesthatdon’tmountafilesystemwhenUSBisconnected)requireopeningthecaseandinsertionofjumperlinktoruntheUSBbootloader.Pleasecontactthesupplierforassistancewiththisifrequired.

Unitswithafilesystemallowthenewfirmwarefile(.nbfformat)tobedraggedanddroppedontothedrive.Acommandisthenusedtotriggerreloading.


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8 Power Supply

N-senisdesignedtoforawidevarietyofapplicationsrangingfromexternallypoweredhighreportingratesystemsatoneextremetostoreandburst(nobatteryfitted)attheother.Centraltothisconceptisthechargerinthefollowingdiagram.Energyfromanexternalsupply,PVcell,4-20mAcurrentlooporUSBsupplychargesastoragecapacitorandsecondary(rechargeable)batteryiffitted.Energyfromtheprimarybatteryisonlyusedwhenthereisinsufficientexternalpoweravailable.

ThechargerisbasedonaDC/DCconverterthatoperatesfrom2.5Vto15Vinput.Itaimstochargethestoragecapacitorandsecondarybatterytoamaximumvoltageof4V.IftheexternalsourceisaPVcellthechargeradjustsitsoutputcurrentformaximumsolarefficiencyfrom3Vpanelsthataresmallenoughtobefittedontothetopcover.

TherearetwobatterymountingpositionsinsidetheN-sen.Foranapplicationwithoutanyexternalpower,upto2x“A”sizeLTCcellscanbefitted.Moretypicallyoneortwo“AA”sizecellsarefitted.ForapplicationswithexternalpowerandGPS/GNSSa“AA”sizeLIONrechargeablecellwillbefitted.TheN-sen-PwhichisalowcostpulseloggingversionoftheN-senhasnochargingcircuitryandoperatesfromprimarybatteriesorUSBsupplywhenconnected.

Figure2:PowerSupplyDiagram

Current Monitor

Current Monitor

External Power

Sources

Secondary Battery

Storage Capacitor

Voltage Monitor

Jumper LK1 Voltage

Monitor Primary Battery

1 or 2 cells Voltage Monitor

USB 5V supply

Sensor Supply 4-20mA

Loop

Charger Ext Supply 2.5 – 15V eg PV Cell

Ext Disable


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Thepowersupplyoperatingconditionsaremonitoredasfollows:Name Description Range Typ UnitsSVPB SenseVoltagePrimaryBattery 0-6 3.3to3.7 VSIPB SensecurrentPrimaryBattery 0-300 0.5to10 mASVEXT SenseVoltageExternalSupply 0-18 2.5to15 VSVSB SenseVoltageSecondaryBattery/Capacitor 0-6 3.3to4.0(1) VSISB SensecurrentSecondaryBattery/Capacitor -360to180 -300to50(2) mA

Notes:

(1) LoRaWANtransmissionisdisabledwhenSISBislessthan3.0V.(2) Negativevaluesindicatecharging.Positivevaluesindicatedischarging.(3) N-senbatterypacksarefittedwithinternalprotectioncircuitryandmustbepurchasedfromthesupplierforcontinuedsupportandcompliancewithspecifiedstandards.

9 Specifications

Complieswith:LoRaWANAllianceSpecification1.02.LoRaWANfirmwareportedfromSemtechLoRaMac-nodeV4.4.0.AS/NZSCISPR22RadiatedandConductedEmissions–InformationTechnology.AS/NZSCISPR24ImmunityCharacteristics-InformationTechnology.AS/NZS60950ElectricalSafetyRequirementsInformationTechnology.AS/NZS4268Radioequipmentandsystems-Shortrangedevices.


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10 Frequently asked questions

Q.WhyisN-sennotreporting?A.Itmaystillbein“ship”mode.Changethemodetoruntoallowreportstobesent.Seesection4.8formoredetails.

Q.Whyhasn’tN-senchangedtonewconfigurationsettings?A.Alwaysissuethe“reset”commandafterchangingreportingorLoRaWANsettings.

Q.HowcanIforceanuplinktocheckthatdataisbeingsent?A.UsetheScommandinloggingmodeifahostisconnectedorthe“trig”commandifincommandmode.Acontactclosureonpulseinput3willalsoforceanuplinkifconfigured.

Q.IsitpossibletohaveaUSBhostconnectedandatthesametimehaveaccesstoexternalsensorinputconnections?A.Yesbutthisrequiresa“Y”cable.Pleasecontactthesupplierformoreinformationonthis.

Q.HowdoIdorangetesting?A.Thisiscomplexbutasimplemethodistousethewirelessloggerprovidedbyyournetworkprovider.NormallyLoRaWANADRisenabledbydefault.Thisallowsthedataratetoadjustupanddowndependingonlinkconditionswhichminimisestheuplinkdurationandsavesbatterypower.TosavetimewaitingforADRtotraindownyoucanissuetheresetcommand.Youcanalsoforcesendingatthelowestdatarate(LoRaWANSF12)bydisablingADR.Thisgivesthelongestuplinkrangebutshouldonlybeusedfortesting.Pleasediscussthisfurtherwiththesupplier.

Date post:	03-Jul-2020
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