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NAAE Presentation Agriculture in the 21 st Century Presented by: Dr. Rick Parker AgrowKnowledge Director Las Vegas 3 December 2010
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NAAE Presentation
Agriculture in the 21st Century
Presented by:Dr. Rick Parker
AgrowKnowledge Director
Las Vegas3 December 2010
Where is Rupert, ID?
National Science Foundation Grant
Started July 1, 2001
One of 39 ATE Centers established by the NSF
Only Agriculture Center
Housed at Kirkwood Community College, Cedar Rapids, IA
Established with Partner Colleges
Partners with PAS – now 85 partners
Purpose/ Vision
"Grow educational and business partnerships that strengthen math, science and technology skills of students to prepare them for the new and emerging jobs, technologies and issues in agriculture, food and natural resources programs."
Belief
AFNR technology education collaborative effort between business, industry and education.
Business and industry hire graduates and understands current workforce needs and future business trends.
Educational partners work together to ensure students are prepared for the world of work with the relevant knowledge and skills.
Teaching Philosophy
I hear; I forget; I see; I remember; I do; I understand."
Grad School when I really learnedSee: Father Guido Sarducci's Five Minute University
About You
From?
Ag background
Raise livestock
Raise a garden
Raise chickens
Harvest livestock
Harvest and store fruits and vegetables
Could define sustainable and organic
Overview
By 2050, 70% of the 9.1 billion people in the world will live in cities. What will the sustainable food system look like that produces the massive quantities of food needed? What type of training and education will be needed to work in the food system? Agricultural educators need to prepare their students for this future. This workshop will touch on the current opportunities and challenges for agriculture and agricultural education and what students will need in the future.
Outline
Perspective/Point-of-View
Bit of History
Challenges/Opportunities
Sustainable
The Future
What Students Need
What to teach
Summary
Objectives
Create a vision
See the future with challenges and opportunities
See where you fit and where your students fit
Plan for the future
Teach for the future
Life Expectancy
Medieval Britain 30
Early Modern Britain 40+
Early 20th Century 30-45
Current World Average 67
Perception; Perspective and Point-of-View
Perception becomes reality
Some issues are just bigger than we imagined or understood!
Some things are not what they seem to be or claim to be!
We need to explain.
Our vo
cabu
lary u
se d
iffer
s
At times we need to be thankful of where we are! It could be worse.
You can see what you want to see.
You can see what you want to see.
UrbanizationWorldwide people are moving out of the country and into the cities. A continuous, massive amount of food is required to by the population. As people in the country move to cities worldwide, the number of cities with a population of 10 million will increase to 26. Several of these cities are in North America. Every city this size requires 6000 tons of food shipped in each day or about 2.2 million tons per year. Many cities are millions of people, but less than 10 million. These cities also require the shipping of thousands of tons of food each day.
The Food System
Complex system, made up of scientific, economic, social, and political dimensions
Cooperation between many people and organizations to produce, process, transport, and distribute food
Easily disrupted by acts of humans and once disrupted leads to food insecurity and total lack of food
Some History
More History
More History
More History
More History
More History
More History
More History
More History
More HistoryLa
rd va
luable!
More History
More History
Free-range chickens
Environmentally-friendly home
Free-range chickents and “organic” eggs
More History
Man power!
More History
Local foods t
hen!
Local foods now
How many calories to plow one acre?
Your Turn
What will be the course titles in 2050?
What will be the course content?
Where will your students come from?
What content/courses will be meaningless in 2050?
Hours to produce 100 bu wheat
Year Hours Acres1830 275.00 51890 45.00 51930 17.50 51965 5.00 31975 3.75 31987 3.00 32010 2.00 3
It takes a modern combine about 9 seconds to harvest enough wheat to make 70 loaves of bread.
Foods of the US
Foods of the US
Size of the food system
* 127 tons of spices* Enough pepperoni to stretch 128 miles* Tomato paste from 54 acres of tomatoes* Four produced from 1,157 acres of wheat* Beef from 182 steers* Pork from 2,498 hogs * Cheese from 1,453,540 gallons of milk (equal to the yearly production for 37,180 cows)
Tony's Pizza Service in Salina, Kansas is a part of the food system. Tony's makes pizzas. Just for Tony's Pizza Service EACH WEEK this requires the following from agriculture:
Current Situation Opportunities and Challenges
Corporate or Family Farming
Industrial Agriculture
Factory Farms
Global Warming/Climate Change
GMO
Urban Agriculture
Permaculture
Community Supported Agriculture
Environmentalism
Slow-foods, Fast Food Nation, Food Inc. and Others
Issues and Development
Urban
Local
Industrial/Scientific/Factory Farming
Developing Countries
Sustainable
Attitudes Towards Agriculture
“High production agriculture that depends on genetic engineering and poisons to control pests in mono cropping is a house of cards is just waiting to collapse.
In terms of agriculture, awards for legitimate environmental respect should go to the many farmers who creatively have developed systems to produce food in consort with nature rather than trying to dominate it for profit or, in the case of all too many family-scale conventional farming neighbors, for survival.”
Urban Food Movement
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_agriculture
http://www.urbanfarmhub.org/2010/04/role-of-design-urban-food-movement/
Permaculture
An approach to designing human settlements and agricultural systems that mimic the relationships found in natural ecologies.
Permaculture is sustainable land use design. This is based on ecological and biological principles, often using patterns that occur in nature to maximize effect and minimize work.
Permaculture aims to create stable, productive systems that provide for human needs, harmoniously integrating the land with its inhabitants. The ecological processes of plants, animals, their nutrient cycles, climatic factors and weather cycles are all part of the picture. Inhabitants’ needs are provided for using proven technologies for food, energy, shelter and infrastructure. Elements in a system are viewed in relationship to other elements, where the outputs of one element become the inputs of another.
Systems approach
Permaculture Chicken
Local Food MovementLocal food movement is a collaborative effort to build more locally based, self-reliant food economies. This sustainable food production, processing, distribution, and consumption are integrated to enhance the economic, environmental, and social health of a particular place
Local Foods
http://greeneconomypost.com/the-food-revolution-rethinking-fast-food-11062.htm
Industrial/Scientific/Factory Farming
Developing Countries
Basic Research to Enable Agricultural Development (BREAD) -- A program jointly supported by NSF and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF)
http://www.nsf.gov/pubs/2009/nsf09566/nsf09566.htm
Slow Foods Movement
Sustainable Agriculture
Sustainable Agriculture Tool Kit
Sustainable Agriculture Standards
1. Base direction and change on science
2. Honor market principles
3. Increase profitability and reduces risk
4. Satisfy human need for fiber and safe, nutritious food
5. Conserve and seek energy resources
6. Create and conserve healthy soil
Developed by Dr. Rick Parker
Sustainable Agriculture Standards7. Conserve and protect water resources
8. Recycle or manage waste products
9. Select livestock (animals) and crop appropriate for environment and available resources
10. Manage pests with minimal environmental impact
11. Encourage strong rural communities
12. Promote social and environmental responsibility
Developed by Dr. Rick Parker
Opportunities and Challenges for Agriculture and Agricultural Education
Educating the other 98% about Agriculture
New Careers in Agriculture: Change in Perception
New and Better Training and Education Needed
The "Ag" Experience
For the Future: Agriculture’s Promise
Support organizations that tell agriculture's story
Public policy should balance agricultural production with environmental protection and energy independence
Assist new farmers as they transition into production agriculture
Policy should be designed to continue federal funding for agricultural-based education programs
For the Future: Agriculture’s Promise
Produce a Farm Bill that promotes the marketing of agricultural products
National Young Farmer Education Association (NYFEA)
http://www.nyfea.org/
http://www.agriculturespromise.com/
What Will Students Need?
Ag101
Old Programs/New Programs
Math, Science and Technology
Certification
Jobs/Careers
Instructional Methods
Media: Textbooks or Not– Kindle, iPad, Google Docs etc.
Certification
Agricultural CertificationsIn most areas of agriculture (AFNR) the methods of demonstrating knowledge and skills involve work experience, degrees from educational institutions, or product-based certificates. However some areas of agriculture (AFNR) provide certifications or accreditations.
AgrowKnowledge is developing some national certifications for introductory animal science, introductory plant science, biofuels, introductory agricultural biotechnology, geospatial technician, equine science and aquaculture.
To certify is to attest as meeting a standard, and in the educational arena, a certificate is a document certifying that one has fulfilled the requirements of a field. To see a list of some of the current certifications in agriculture check out the Special Projects - Certification section of our website.
AgrowKnowledgeCareer Clusters
AgrowKnowledge participated in a national Career Cluster project, sponsored by the NASDCTEC. The project identified 16 Career Clusters Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources (AFNR).
The Career Cluster of AFNR
Identifies Seven PathwaysEach pathway provides educators – The knowledge and skills– The accompanying measurement criteria, – Forms the basis for learner success in high
school, college, technical training, apprenticeship programs, and the workplace.
AFNRCareer Pathways
1. Agribusiness Systems2. Animal Systems3. Environmental Service Systems4. Food Products And Processing Systems5. Natural Resources Systems6. Plant Systems7. Power Structural and Technical Systems8. & Agricultural Biotechnology
Top 10 Employment Areas in Agriculture
1. Agronomy
2. Crop Protection/Chemicals
3. Biotechnology
4. Equipment/Machinery
5. Grain
6. Seed
7. Dairy
8. Food/Hospitality
9. Beef
10. Feed
Based on US jobs posted between January 1, 2008 – September 15, 2008
Emerging Careers
Corporate Need for TrainingRapid changes in technology, the exportation of jobs, downsizing, shortcomings in formal education, global competition and the aging workforce.– In the 2009 Skilled Labor Outlook Report 100% of employers stated that
they offer training for their skilled labor employees. – 21% of employers surveyed listed training with post-secondary
institutions as a means of retaining employees
Employers experience the most difficulty in recruiting skilled employees at both the hourly and salary level. – 2007/2008 Agribusiness HR Review
The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that careers for technically trained agriculturist (science technicians ) is expected to grow 12 percent during the 2006-16 decade – Biological careers are expected to grow 14-20% during the same time
More of the Future
Where are the Career Cluster Jobs/Careers?
A project of AgrowKnowledge and AgCareers
Facts/Overview/Trends
700+ – Two-year, colleges offering AFNR – related degrees (have database)
40% of 2-year college graduates transfer to universities
High schools and two-year colleges must work together (driven by Perkins funding)
Assessments and certifications critical for secondary and postsecondary (2-year CTE)– Assessments driven by education– Certification driven by industry (not many in ag)
National Standards (math & science)
National AFNR Content Standards (on TeamAgEd website)
Timing never better with attention to agriculture, food and environment
Career Clusters (+biotech) – Knowledge and Skills for AFNR
Facts/Overview/TrendsOddly with all the attention to AFNR – agriculture seems to be loosing its relevance
Ag needs to show science, rigor and relevance
Context of agriculture provides rigor and relevance
High schools have spectrum of quality – some not preparing for emerging careers in ag; for example vet tech
AFNR jobs/careers promising for the prepared
Learning is improved in project-based curriculum
IT skills imbedded in curriculum
Summary
9 billion people will need food
Many challenges or opportunities (Nowhere)
Agriculture engaging context for teaching most subjects
Never a time when more interest in agriculture, food and natural resources
Technology changes delivery
Hands-on still best
Act before the money runs out
Are you (will you be) teaching what is relevant to the future?
Contact Information
Rick Parker, PhDAgrowKnowledge Co-PI & DirectorPh: 208-670-3704Skype: rickoparkerFax: 208-436-1384E-mail: [email protected] AgrowKnowledge website: www.agrowknow.org Motto: "I hear; I forget; I see; I remember; I do; I understand."
I text!
