28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing
Number of accidents Number of aircraft* Number of fatal accidents Lethality (percent) Fatalities
1036105115915.3283
*Each aircraft involved in a collision is counted separately.
Figure 1.1: General Aviation Accidents in 2016Non-commercial fixed-wing
Figure 1.2: General Aviation Accident Trends 2007-2016Non-commercial fixed-wing
0
300
600
900
1200
1500
2016201520142013201220112010200920082007
1316
244
1231
223233
215 227 218167
196 197159
1179 1161 1184 1163
961 956 970
1036
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
Pilot Related Mechanical Other/Unknown
75518596
72.9%17.9%9.3%
1211622
76.1%10.1%13.8%
Non-CommercialAll Accidents Fatal Accidents
Figure 1.4: General Aviation Accidents in 2016
0
2
4
6
8
10
2016201520142013201220112010200920082007
Figure 1.3: General Aviation Accident Rates 2007-2016Non-commercial fixed-wing
6.546.22
6.596.30
1.21 1.131.30
1.17
6.55
1.231.01 1.19 1.13
0.87
5.81 5.80 5.58 5.67
NO DATA
Figure 1.5: Aircraft class: Non-commercial fixed-wing Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethalitiy
Single-engine fixed-gear SEF tailwheel Single-engine retractable Single-engine turbine Multiengine Multiengine turbine
780324193217821
74.2%
18.4%
7.4%
10237434193
62.2%
26.2%
11.6%
13.1%11.4%22.3%19.0%24.4%14.3
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
Figure 1.6: Type of operation: Non-commercial fixed-wing
Personal Instructional Public use Positioning Aerial observation Business Executive / corporate Other work use Other or unknown
7711817129
231
2423
73.4%17.2%0.7%1.1%0.9%2.2%0.1%2.3%2.2%
127163214065
77.4%9.8%1.8%1.2%0.6%2.4%0.0%3.7%3.0%
2232353370145
78.8%8.1%1.8%1.1%1.1%2.5%0.0%4.9%1.8%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Fatalities
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Figure 1.8: Pilots involvedNon-commercial fixed-wing
ATP Commercial Private Sport Student Other or unknown Second pilot on board CFI on board* IFR pilot on board*
20026547919808
192273570
19.0%25.2%45.6%1.8%7.6%0.8%18.3%26.0%54.2%
354876221
464697
21.3%29.3%46.3%1.2%1.2%0.6%28.0%28.0%59.1%
17.5%18.1%
15.9%10.5%2.5%
12.5%24.0%16.8%17.0%
*Includes single-pilot flights.
Accidents Fatal Accidents Fatalities
Figure 1.7: Flight Conditions: Non-commercial fixed-wing
Day VMC Night VMC* Day IMC Night IMC* Unknown
923822353
89.1%7.9%2.2%0.5%0.3%
12521652
78.60%13.20%3.80%3.10%1.30%
2233611132
78.20%12.60%3.90%4.60%0.70%
*Includes dusk.
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
NO DATA
0
2
4
6
8
2016201520142013201220112010200920082007
Figure 1.10: Pilot-Related Accident Rates 2007-2016
4.77
0.95 0.92 1.00 0.94 1.000.77 0.93 0.86
0.66
4.694.91 4.82 4.92
4.34 4.414.20 4.13
0
200
400
600
800
1000
2016201520142013201220112010200920082007
Figure 1.9: Pilot-related Accident trend961
191
927
182 179 190 177
127153
149121
174
878888
928
873
719 727 730755
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
Figure 1.11: Types of pilot-related accidents
Weather Descent / approach
Maneuvering Fuel management
Takeo� and climb
Other pilot-related
Landing
334
6
133
36
121
24
7
2511
12
6343
3823
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
0
100
200
300
400
500
2016201520142013201220112010200920082007
Figure 1.1.1: Landing accident trend
416 411
351360 368
343
282 282
263
334
6364729347
Figure 1.1.2: Types of landing accidents
0
50
100
150
200
Long —other
Bird or animal strike
Airspeed —short
Short —other
Airspeed —long
Gear operation
Runway conditions
Hard —other
Airspeed —stall
Loss of control
156
41
49
46
26
17 14 137 5
11
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing: Landing
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing: Landing
1.1%
6.3%
0.%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Figure 1.1.3: Aircraft involved in landing accidents:Non-commercial fixed-wing
Single-engine fixed-gear SEF tailwheel Single-engine retractable Single-engine turbine Multiengine Multiengine turbine
269129482178
80.5%
14.4%
5.1%
303000
50.0%
50.0%
0.0%
*Includes dusk.
2.0%1.4%2.5%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%2.7%1.9%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Figure 1.1.5: Pilots involved in landing accidents: Non-commercial fixed-wing
ATP Commercial Private Sport Student Other or unknown Second pilot on board CFI on board* IFR pilot on board*
5171
1606
442
4575158
15.3%21.3%47.9%1.8%13.2%0.6%13.5%22.5%47.3%
114000023
16.7%16.7%66.7%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%33.3%50.0%
*Includes single-pilot flights.
Figure 1.1.4: Flight conditions of landing accidents: Non-commercial fixed-wing
1.9%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Day VMC Night VMC* Day IMC
310204
92.8%6.0%1.2%
600
100.0%
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing: Other-pilot related
66.7%38.5%9.3%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Figure 1.2.1: 'Other' and unclassified accidents: Non-commercial fixed-wing
Not yet assigned Other Other (power loss)
33954
3.1%40.6%56.3%
2155
9.1%68.2%22.7%
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing: Takeo� and climb
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
0
50
100
150
200
2016201520142013201220112010200920082007
Figure 1.3.1: takeo� and climb accident trend
142
2927
23 25 2621
13
2820
24
136
154
140146 149
127
114110
121
0
10
20
30
40
50
Delayed abort Collided with object
Runway conditions
Aircraft configuration
Weight / density altitude
Stalled or settled on take-o�
Loss of control
Figure 1.3.2: Types of takeo� and climb accidents50
42
8
12 10
6 54
1
4
3
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing: Takeo� and climb
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
16.5%7.9%26.7%0.0%44.4%0.0%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Figure 1.3.3: Aircraft involved in takeo� and climb accidents:Non-commercial fixed-wing
Single-engine fixed-gear SEF tailwheel Single-engine retractable Single-engine turbine Multiengine Multiengine turbine
973815291
80.2%
12.4%
7.4%
1634040
66.7%
16.7%
16.7%
19.8%20.0%
Accidents Lethality
Figure 1.3.4: Flight conditions of takeo� and climb accidents: Non-commercial fixed-wing
Day VMC Night VMC*
11110
91.7%8.3%
222
91.7%8.3%
*Includes dusk.
Fatal Accidents
Figure 1.3.5: Pilots involved in takeo� and climb accidents: Non-commercial fixed-wing
16.0%17.9%24.1%10.0%26.3%20.0%18.8%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
ATP Commercial Private Student Second pilot on board CFI on board* IFR pilot on board*
25285810193064
20.7%23.1%47.9%8.3%15.7%24.8%52.9%
451415612
16.7%20.8%58.3%4.2%20.8%25.0%50.0%
*Includes single-pilot flights.
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing: Fuel management
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
0
20
40
60
80
100
2016201520142013201220112010200920082007
Figure 1.4.1: Fuel management accident trend
90
9 8
15 13 1410 10
7
14
7
75
86
94 96
80
70
7781
63
Figure 1.4.2: Types of fuel management accidents
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Contamination Systems operation Flight planning
3130
23
4
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing: Fuel management
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
7.3%
20.0%14.3%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Single-engine fixed-gear SEF tailwheel Single-engine retractable Multiengine
4111157
65.1%
23.8%11.1%
3031
42.9%
42.9%14.3%
Figure 1.4.3: Aircraft involved in fuel management accidents: Non-commercial fixed-wing
12.5%15.0%9.7%0.0%9.1%18.8%16.7%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Figure 1.4.5: Pilots involved in fuel management accidents: Non-commercial fixed-wing
ATP Commercial Private Student Second pilot on board CFI on board* IFR pilot on board*
820314111636
12.7%31.7%49.2%6.3%17.5%25.4%57.1%
1330136
14.3%42.9%42.9%0.0%14.3%42.9%85.7%
*Includes single-pilot flights.
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Figure 1.4.4: Flight conditions of fuel management accidents: Non-commercial fixed-wing
Day VMC Night VMC* Day IMC
49113
77.8%17.5%4.8%
430
57.1%42.9%0.0%
8.2%27.3%0.0%
*Includes dusk.
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing: Maneuvering
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
Figure 1.5.2: Types of maneuvering accidents
0
5
10
15
20
25
Mountains / canyons Aerobatics Wires / structures / terrain Stall / LOC
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2016201520142013201220112010200920082007
Figure 1.5.1: maneuvering accident trend
65
24
11
7
1
54
15
68
74
5759
55
47
53
44 43
25
3229
26
3236
31
41
46
41
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing: Maneuvering
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
60.6%65.0%33.3%75.0%50.0%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Figure 1.5.3: Aircraft involved in maneuvering accidents: Non-commercial fixed-wing
Single-engine fixed-gear SEF tailwheel Single-engine retractable Multiengine Multiengine turbine
3320642
76.7%
14.0%9.3%
2013231
80.0%
8.0%12.0%
58.10%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Figure 1.5.4: Flight conditions of maneuvering accidents: Non-commercial fixed-wing
Day VMC 43 100.0% 25 100.0%
66.7%60.0%54.5%0.0%90.9%62.5%60.7%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Figure 1.5.5: Pilots involved in maneuvering accidents: Non-commercial fixed-wing
ATP Commercial Private Sport Second pilot on board CFI on board* IFR pilot on board*
1515112111628
34.9%34.9%25.6%4.7%25.6%37.2%65.1%
10960101017
40.0%36.0%24.0%0.0%40.0%40.0%68.0%
*Includes single-pilot flights.
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing: Descent/approach
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2016201520142013201220112010200920082007
Figure 1.6.1: Descent and approach accident trend
Figure 1.6.2: Types of decent and approach accidents
0
3
6
9
12
15
Deficient IAPs Loss of power Stalls / spins Collisions
66
27
5
15 14
5
4
3 3
54
26
17
25 26 24
15 14 15
11
44 46
58
52
33
44 44
38
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing: Descent/approach
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
21.4%20.0%50.0%50.0%50.0%100.0%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Figure 1.6.3: Aircraft involved in descent and approach accidents:Non-commercial fixed-wing
Single-engine fixed-gear SEF tailwheel Single-engine retractable Single-engine turbine Multiengine Multiengine turbine
28108221
73.7%
21.1%
5.3%
624111
54.5%
36.4%
9.1%
42.9%33.3%25.0%0.0%0.0%36.4%20.0%36.0%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Figure 1.6.5: Pilots involved in descent and approach accidents: Non-commercial fixed-wing
ATP Commercial Private Sport Other or unknown Second pilot on board CFI on board* IFR pilot on board*
79
2011111025
18.4%23.7%52.6%2.6%2.6%28.9%26.3%65.8%
33500429
27.3%27.3%45.5%0.0%0.0%36.4%18.2%81.8%
*Includes single-pilot flights.
*Includes dusk.
Figure 1.6.4: Flight conditions of descent and approach accidents:Non-commercial fixed-wing
16.0%37.5%66.7%100.0%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Day VMC Night VMC* Day IMC Night IMC*
25832
65.8%21.1%7.9%5.3%
4322
36.4%27.3%18.2%18.2%
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing: Weather
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2016201520142013201220112010200920082007
Figure 1.7.1: weather accident trend
56
44
54
38
65
47
52
36
56
42
51
3841
30
36
28
39
30
23
12
Figure 1.7.2: Types of weather accidents
0
3
6
9
12
15
Icing Poor IFR technique
Thunderstorm Turbulence VFR into IMC
13
7
4
1
3
2 2
1
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing: Weather
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
43.8%20.0%60.0%100.0%100.0%100.0%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Figure 1.7.3: Aircraft involved in weather accidents: Non-commercial fixed-wing
Single-engine fixed-gear SEF tailwheel Single-engine retractable Single-engine turbine Multiengine Multiengine turbine
1655121
69.6%
21.7%
8.7%
713121
58.3%
25.0%
16.7%
*Includes dusk.
50.0%100.0%22.2%100.0%100.0%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Figure 1.7.4: Flight conditions of weather accidents: Non-commercial fixed-wing
Day VMC Night VMC* Day IMC Night IMC* Unknown
82922
34.8%8.7%39.1%8.7%8.7%
42222
33.3%16.7%16.7%16.7%16.7%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
50.0%50.0%58.3%0.0%40.0%16.7%36.4%
Figure 1.7.5: Pilots involved in weather accidents: Non-commercial fixed-wing
ATP Commercial Private Student Second pilot on board CFI on board* IFR pilot on board*
281215611
8.7%34.8%52.2%4.3%21.7%26.1%47.8%
1470214
8.3%33.3%58.3%0.0%16.7%8.3%33.3%
*Includes single-pilot flights.
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing: Mechanical
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
0
50
100
150
200
250
2016201520142013201220112010200920082007
Figure 1.8.1: mechanical accident trend
210
2315
22 17 13 11 1216 16 16
171166
155147
160
129 129
140
185
Figure 1.8.2: Types of mechanical accidents
0
20
40
60
80
100
InstrumentsElectricalAirframe Fuel systemGear and brakes
Powerplant
81
45
35
12 11
2 1 158
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial fixed-wing: Mechanical
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
10.2%16.0%2.8%25.0%0.0%0.0%21.6%16.1%9.6%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Figure 1.8.5: Pilots involved in mechanical accidents: Non-commercial fixed-wing
ATP Commercial Private Sport Student Other or unknown Second pilot on board CFI on board* IFR pilot on board*
495072491
3756115
26.5%27.0%38.9%2.2%4.9%0.5%20.0%30.3%62.2%
5821008911
31.3%50.0%12.5%6.3%0.0%0.0%50.0%56.3%68.8%
*Includes single-pilot flights.
Figure 1.8.3: Aircraft involved in mechanical accidents: Non-commercial fixed-wing Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethalitiy
Single-engine fixed-gear SEF tailwheel Single-engine retractable Single-engine turbine Multiengine Multiengine turbine
11445538183
61.6%
28.6%
9.7%
1044020
62.5%
25.0%
12.5%
8.8%8.9%7.5%
11.1%
Figure 1.8.4: Flight conditions of mechanical accidents: Non-commercial fixed-wing
*Includes dusk.
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethalitiy
Day VMC Night VMC* Day IMC
17582
94.6%4.3%1.1%
1510
93.8%6.3%0.0%
8.6%12.5%0.0%
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Commercial fixed-wing
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
Number of accidents Number of aircraft* Number of fatal accidents Lethality (percent) Fatalities
646519
29.733
*Each aircraft involved in a collision is counted separately.
Figure 2.1: General Aviation Accidents in 2016Commercial fixed-wing
0
30
60
90
120
150
2016201520142013201220112010200920082007
Figure 2.2: General Aviation Accident Trends 2007-2016Commercial fixed-wing
13
109
127
81 83
113
79 81
67
76
64
16
2
7
16
812 11
8
19
NO DATA
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Commercial fixed-wing
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
0
2
4
6
8
10
2016201520142013201220112010200920082007
Figure 2.3: General Aviation Accident Rates 2007-2016Commercial fixed-wing
2.56
0.31
4.53
0.57
0.07 0.25
3.01 2.972.62
0.27 0.37 0.32 0.240.59
2.50
1.972.30
1.98
Pilot Related Mechanical Other/Unknown
5095
78.1%14.1%7.8%
1621
84.2%10.5%5.3%
CommercialAll Accidents Fatal Accidents
Figure 2.4: General Aviation Accidents in 2016
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Commercial fixed-wing
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
*Includes dusk.
Accidents Fatal Accidents
Aircraft Class Commercial fixed-wing
Single-engine fixed-gear SEF tailwheel Single-engine turbine
403926
100.0% 131312
100.0%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Fatalities
Figure 2.5: Commercial fixed-wing Accidents
Aerial application (137) Charter or cargo (135)
4025
61.5%38.5%
137
65.0%35.0%
1320
39.4%60.6%
32.5%33.3%46.2%
Lethality
Part 135:
Part 137:
Single-engine fixed-gear SEF tailwheel Single-engine turbine Single-engine retractable Multiengine Multiengine turbine
1656186
64.0%
4.0%32.0%
403032
57.1%
0.0%42.9%
25.0%0.0%50.0%0.0%37.5%33.3%
Flight conditions:Commercial fixed-wing
Part 135:
Part 137: Accidents Fatal Accidents
Day VMC Night VMC*
373
92.5%7.5%
130
100.0%0.0%
35.1%0.0%
Lethality
Day VMC Night VMC* Day IMC Night IMC*
16342
64.0%12.0%16.0%8.0%
2221
28.6%28.6%28.6%14.3%
12.5%66.7%50.0%50.0%
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Commercial fixed-wing
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
Pilots involved in commercial fixed-wing accidents
Part 137: Types of Commercial fixed-wing accidents
100.0%50.0%0.0%0.0%33.3%100.0%0.0%16.7%0.0%40.0%
Part 135
Collision Descent / approach Landing Maneuvering Mechanical Other (power loss) Pre-flight Take-o� Taxi Weather
1221312625
4.0%8.0%8.0%4.0%12.0%4.0%8.0%24.0%8.0%20.0%
1100110102
14.3%14.3%0.0%0.0%14.3%14.3%0.0%14.3%0.0%28.6%
Part 137:
Part 135:
100.0%0.0%0.0%50.0%16.7%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Collision Fuel management Landing Maneuvering Mechanical Other Other (power loss) Take-o�
234
206221
5.0%7.5%10.0%50.0%15.0%5.0%5.0%2.5%
200101000
15.4%0.0%0.0%76.9%7.7%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
ATP Commercial CFI on board* IFR pilot on board*
238617
5.0%95.0%15.0%42.5%
01326
0.0%100.0%15.4%46.2%
0.0%34.2%33.3%35.3%
*Includes single-pilot flights.
ATP Commercial Second pilot on board CFI on board* IFR pilot on board*
1692
1025
64.0%36.0%8.0%40.0%100.0%
43147
57.1%42.9%14.3%57.1%100.0%
25.0%33.3%50.0%40.0%28.0%
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial helicopter
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
Figure 3.2: Major causes: Helicopter general aviation accidents
Pilot-related Mechanical
6712
84.8%15.2%
113
78.6%21.4%
Fatal AccidentsAll Accidents
Non-Commercial
0
30
60
90
120
150
2016201520142013201220112010200920082007
Figure 3.3: General Aviation Accident Trends 2007-2016Non-commercial helicopter
145
116
126
99 101
127
105108
90
79
Number of accidents Number of aircraft* Number of fatal accidents Lethality (percent) Fatalities
797914
17.724
*Each aircraft involved in a collision is counted separately.
Figure 3.1: General Aviation Accidents in 2016Non-commercial helicopter
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial helicopter
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
NO DATA
0
2
4
6
8
10
2016201520142013201220112010200920082007
Figure 3.4: General Aviation Accident Rates 2007-2016Non-commercial helicopter
7.51
6.64
7.22
5.29
0.83
1.320.92
1.07
8.02
1.20
7.37
1.40
6.28
0.81
5.15
0.63
4.61
0.82
Figure 3.5: Aircraft class: Non-commercial helicopter
Single-engine piston Single-engine turbine Multiengine turbine
45295
57.0%36.7%6.3%
482
28.6%57.1%14.3%
4164
16.7%66.7%16.7%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Fatalities
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial helicopter
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
Figure 3.6: Type of operation: Non-commercial helicopter Accidents Fatal Accidents Fatalities
Personal Instructional Public use Positioning Aerial observation Business Other work use Other or unknown
23181047557
29.1%22.8%12.7%5.1%8.9%6.3%6.3%8.9%
41113112
28.6%7.1%7.1%7.1%21.4%7.1%7.1%14.3%
61127115
25.0%4.2%4.2%8.3%29.2%4.2%4.2%20.8%
Figure 3.7: Flight conditions: Non-commercial helicopter
*Includes dusk.
Accidents Fatal Accidents Fatalities
Day VMC Night VMC* Day IMC Night IMC
72421
91.1%5.1%2.5%1.3%
10121
71.4%7.1%14.3%7.1%
19122
79.2%4.2%8.3%8.3%
Figure 3.8: Pilots involved in accidentsNon-commercial helicopter Accidents Fatal Accidents Fatalities
ATP Commercial Private Student Other or unknown Second pilot on board CFI on board* IFR pilot on board*
16451323
254356
20.3%57.0%16.5%2.5%3.8%31.6%54.4%70.9%
581004812
35.7%57.1%7.1%0.0%0.0%28.6%57.1%85.7%
111210081722
45.8%50.0%4.2%0.0%0.0%33.3%70.8%91.7%
*Includes single-pilot flights.
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Non-commercial helicopter
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
50.0%0.0%0.0%14.3%25.0%25.0%0.0%8.7%0.0%0.0%80.0%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Figure 3.9: Types of non-commercial helicopter accidents
External load Fuel management Landing Maneuvering Mechanical Other / miscellaneousPre-flight / staticRotorcraft aerodynamicsTake-o� / climb Taxi / ground operationsWeather
227712122
23255
2.5%2.5%8.9%8.9%15.2%15.2%2.5%29.1%2.5%6.3%6.3%
10013302004
7.1%0.0%0.0%7.1%21.4%21.4%0.0%14.3%0.0%0.0%28.6%
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Commercial helicopter
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
Figure 4.2: Major causes: Helicopter general aviation accidents
Pilot-related Mechanical
278
77.1%22.9%
21
66.7%33.3%
Fatal AccidentsAll Accidents
Commercial
0
10
20
30
40
50
2016201520142013201220112010200920082007
Figure 4.3: General Aviation Accident Trends 2007-2016Commercial helicopter
37
31 31
34 35 3536
41
36
40
7 7
45
7
4
78
7
3
Number of accidents Number of aircraft* Number of fatal accidents Lethality (percent) Fatalities
35353
8.66
*Each aircraft involved in a collision is counted separately.
Figure 4.1: General Aviation Accidents in 2016Commercial helicopter
NO DATA
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Commercial helicopter
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
0
2
4
6
8
10
2016201520142013201220112010200920082007
Figure 4.4: General Aviation Accident Rates 2007-2016Commercial helicopter
2.82
2.102.46
2.221.93
2.692.36
2.59 2.48
0.53 0.47 0.32 0.33 0.210.46 0.53 0.45
0.21
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Commercial helicopter
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
*Includes dusk.
Figure 4.5: Summary of Accidents: Commercial helicopter Accidents Fatal Accidents Fatalities
Aerial application (137)Single-engine piston Single-engine turbineDay VMC Night VMC* ATP Commercial Other or unknown
Charter or cargo (135)Single-engine turbine Multi-engine turbineDay VMC Night VMC*NIght IMC* ATP Commercial
External load (133) Single-engine turbineDay VMCATP Commercial
218131832172
11927221
10
33312
60.0%38.1%61.9%85.7%14.3%9.5%81.0%9.5%
31.4%81.8%18.2%63.6%18.2%18.2%9.1%90.9%
8.6%100.0%100.0%33.3%66.7%
10110010
11000110
11101
33.3%0.0%100.0%100.0%0.0%0.0%100.0%0.0%
33.0%100.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%100.0%100.0%0.0%
33.3%100.0%100.0%0.0%100.0%
10110010
44000440
11101
16.7%0.0%100.0%100.0%0.0%0.0%100.0%0.0%
66.7%100.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%100.0%100.0%0.0%
16.7%100.0%100.0%0.0%100.0%
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Experimental and light sport aircraft
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
0
50
100
150
200
250
2016201520142013201220112010200920082007
Figure 5.1: Fixed-wing amateur-built accident trend
228
5663
70
47
6056
31
60
44
30
223
247
198
240224
161
194
168163
28th Joseph T. Nall Report General Aviation Accidents in 2016
Experimental and light sport aircraft
©copyright 2019 AOPA Air Safety Institute
0.0%0.0%14.3%0.0%12.5%100.0%2.9%75.0%13.6%100.0%33.3%12.5%0.0%50.0%0.0%20.8%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Figure 5.2: Types of fixed-wing amateur-built accidents
Collision Cruise Descent / approach Fuel management Go-around Incapacitation Landing Maneuvering Mechanical Not yet assigned Other Other (power loss) Other / miscellaneous Pre-flight Rotorcraft aerodynamics Take-o� Take-o� / climb Taxi Weather
227481
3412441316142
24111
1.2%1.2%4.2%2.4%4.8%0.6%20.2%7.1%26.2%0.6%1.8%9.5%0.6%2.4%1.2%14.3%0.6%0.6%0.6%
0010111961120205000
0.0%0.0%3.3%0.0%3.3%3.3%3.3%30.0%20.0%3.3%3.3%6.7%0.0%6.7%0.0%16.7%0.0%0.0%0.0%
8.0%18.7%16.5%38.5%40.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Accidents Fatal Accidents Lethality
Figure 5.3: Types of amateur-built aircraft involved in accidents
E-LSA Single-engine fixed-gear SEF tailwheel Single-engine retractable Single-engine turbine Multiengine Multiengine turbine Helicopter
2512385135215
14.9%73.2%
7.7%
1.2%
3.0%
2231452000
6.7%76.7%
16.7%
0.0%
0.0%