Date post: | 22-Jan-2018 |
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Spiritual |
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GANGA (A GLIMPS)• Ganga (Bhagirathi) originates from the
Gangotri Glacier.
•Ganga Basin is the largest river basin of the country.
•Densely populated Ganga basin is inhabited by 37% of Indian population.
•Entire Ganga basin drains five states of India.
GANGA (A GLIMPS)
(CONTD.)
•47% of irrigated area in India is located in
Ganga basin.
•Ganga finally meets Bay of Bengal at Ganga
sagar after covering a distance of 2525 kms.
•During course of its journey it gets polluted by
municipal sewage, Industrial effluents and
other polluting waste from several non point
sources.
GANGA ACTION PLAN(HISTORY)
GAP-I
• 1985- Ganga Action Plan Launched.
• GAP I-Rs 433 crore spent
• Sewage water treatment plant was set up.
• Raw sewage was cut-off and diverted.
• Electric and wood crematoria was set up.
GANGA ACTION PLAN
(contd.)
GAP-II
• GAP-II Started in 1993.
• GAP II (tributaries)- Rs 1120 crore sanctioned.
• Not only clean Ganga but also its tributaries.
• National Ganga River Basin Authority
(NRBA) was set up on 20 February 2009.
NAMAMI GANGE
• “Namami Gange” an umbrella programme approved in May 2015.
• Rs. 2037 cr. is sanctioned by government.
• Nirmal and Aviral Ganga.
• Namami Gange launched in 4 Phases.
• Union Cabinet has approved establishment of Clean Ganga Fund for its ‘Namami Gange’ programme.
NAMAMI GANGE(contd.)
• 1 Entry level activities
a) River surface cleaning
• Waste disposed in the river directly.
• Solid waste reaching through drains.
• Pious Refuse.
• Solid waste disposed on the Ghats.
River surface cleaning (contd.)
• Top priority – is creating most visible
impact
• One of the activity is operation of Trash
skimmers.
• River Surface cleaning started at Varanasi,
Kanpur, Allahabad, Mathura and Patna.
b)Rural Sanitation
• Construction of toilets -Rs. 263 Crores given
to Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation .
• Seenchewal Model- Development of
Jharkhand as Model State.
• Ganga Grams - complete waste solution, 200
villages identified in first phase.
c)Crematoria & Ghat development
• Renovation/modernization and construction of
crematoria.
• Initial implementation in 20-25 Urban Local
Bodies.
• Target – Over 100 crematoria by Nov, 2016.
• Work for repair & modernization of existing
ghats.
2 Medium-Level
a) Municipal sewage management
• Installation of additional STPs.
• 30% STPs are not operational; 60% are
capacity utilized.
• Treated water not of standard.
• Target: Additional 4000 Million Litres per Day
(MLD) to be created.
b)Effluents Management
• Real Time Effluent Monitoring Stations
installed.
• Grossly Polluting Industries - Distillery; Pulp
& Paper; Textile; Sugar.
• Zero Liquid Discharge.
• Close monitoring by Vigilance Squad of
Central Pollution Control Board.
3)Other Activities
a) Bio-diversity Conservation
• assigned to Wildlife Institute of India for
conservation of various species including
Gangetic Dolphin, Crocodiles, Otter.
• CIFRI assigned the project about fish
conservation.
b) Afforestation
• Project for Afforestation in entire Ganga Stretch prepared by FRI.
• 2016 Target – 4,000 Hectares.
• Work has been commenced in June-July 2016.
• Overall target is 30,000 hectares.
c)Water Quality Monitoring
• Existing 57 manual monitoring stations.
• 113 new Real-time monitoring stations; display boards at selected locations.
• Tender issued for 36 out of 113.
• Completion of 113 in 2016.
Communication & Public Outreach
• Jan Samvaad, a comprehensive Communication Strategy for Namami Gange approved and being implemented.
• Namami Gange theme song launched.
• IEC activities and Exhibition during Magh Mela, Allahabad and Ardh Kumbh Haridwar.
Support Needed
• Ganga Rejuvenation- a very massive and
complex task.
• Complete Co-operation between Centre-
States-District authorities- Local bodies and
Public will go a long way.