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EMC Compo 2011 Dubrovnik PhD Seminar Name Niko Bako Institute University of Zagreb E-mail [email protected] PhD Title High frequency cable modeling Project “Golden gates” Partner ON Semiconductor
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Page 1: Name Niko Bako Institute University of Zagreb E-mail niko ... · 06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 5 21 22 L L L L L ... Slide 1 Author: Blecki Created Date: 11/3/2011 3:00:02

EMC Compo 2011

Dubrovnik

PhD Seminar

Name Niko Bako Institute University of Zagreb E-mail [email protected]

PhD Title High frequency cable modeling

Project “Golden gates”

Partner ON Semiconductor

Page 2: Name Niko Bako Institute University of Zagreb E-mail niko ... · 06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 5 21 22 L L L L L ... Slide 1 Author: Blecki Created Date: 11/3/2011 3:00:02

Motivation & Objectives

• Motivation: • Automotive industry:

– The FlexRay comunication protocol » Future replacement for CAN » Developed from the year 2000 to the year 2010 » Baud rate: 10 Mbit/s

• Sensitivity to EMI

• Objectives: • Cable models valid up to 3 GHz within 3 dB mismatch

– Single-ended S parameters and mixed-mode S parameters – Valid for tools such as: Spectre, Hspice or Agilent ADS

• The models should be simple and stable: – Simple: static RCLG matrices if possible – Stable: static RLCG matrices are frequency independent - stability

• So far: – Only twisted pairs – The models are not based on geometry

06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 2

Page 3: Name Niko Bako Institute University of Zagreb E-mail niko ... · 06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 5 21 22 L L L L L ... Slide 1 Author: Blecki Created Date: 11/3/2011 3:00:02

Measurements & Modeling

• Measurements: – Frequency domain: single-

ended S parameters

– Cables 5 cm above ground plane

– Range: 300 kHz – 3 GHz

– Cables: • Length 1m

• 1 or 2 twisted pair

– Extracted single-ended S parameters • Test fixture must be de-

embedded – the fixtures must be modeled

06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 3

DUT: Cable 100 cm

Fixture Fixture

Fixture

x

y

-z

Page 4: Name Niko Bako Institute University of Zagreb E-mail niko ... · 06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 5 21 22 L L L L L ... Slide 1 Author: Blecki Created Date: 11/3/2011 3:00:02

Test fixture

• Modeled in Agilent Momentum

• Comparison: measurement vs. model:

06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 4

1E7 1E8 1E91E6 3E9

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

-80

0

freq, Hz

Am

plit

ud

e, d

B

Reflection (S11)

Meas.

Model

1E7 1E8 1E91E6 3E9

-100

0

100

-200

200

freq, Hz

Phase, deg

Reflection (S11)

Model

Meas.

1E7 1E8 1E91E6 3E9

-1.5

-1.0

-0.5

-2.0

0.0

freq, Hz

Am

plit

ude, dB

Transmission (S12)

Meas.

Model

1E7 1E8 1E91E6 3E9

-100

0

100

-200

200

freq, Hz

Ph

ase

, d

eg

Transmission (S12)

Model

Meas.

1E7 1E8 1E91E6 3E9

-120

-100

-80

-60

-140

-40

freq, Hz

Am

plit

ude, dB

Coupling - far (S18)

Meas.

Model

1E7 1E8 1E91E6 3E9

-100

0

100

-200

200

freq, Hz

Ph

ase

, d

eg

Coupling - far (S18)

Model

Meas.

1E7 1E8 1E91E6 3E9

-100

-80

-60

-120

-40

freq, Hz

Am

plit

ude, dB

Coupling - near (S17)

Meas.

Model

1E7 1E8 1E91E6 3E9

-100

0

100

-200

200

freq, Hz

Phase, deg

Coupling - near (S17)

Model

Meas.

P1 P2

P7 P8

Page 5: Name Niko Bako Institute University of Zagreb E-mail niko ... · 06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 5 21 22 L L L L L ... Slide 1 Author: Blecki Created Date: 11/3/2011 3:00:02

Measurements & Modeling

• Modeling - Challenges: – Stability of the model: in time domain

– Simplicity: • Frequency dependent RLCG matrices are not option

• Transmission lines are promising

– 4 port network (1 twisted pair): • Described with transmission line in range: 300 kHz – 3 GHz

• 2 conductors: – matrices are defined as lower triangular -> 3 (or 2) independent

variables

• E.g. L matrix

L11, L22 – self inductance

L12 =L21 – mutual inductance

– Mixed-mode parameters (MM): calculated from single-ended parameters (SE) -> model must be very accurate

06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 5

11 12

21 22

L LL

L L

Page 6: Name Niko Bako Institute University of Zagreb E-mail niko ... · 06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 5 21 22 L L L L L ... Slide 1 Author: Blecki Created Date: 11/3/2011 3:00:02

Measurements & Modeling • Model:

– The model includes:

• Connection to fixure: l≈0.3 cm

• Cable body: l≈100 cm

– Agilent ADS

– Transmission line model: W element • Telegraph equations, frequency dependent lossy transmission line

• Static RLGC matrices: the frequency dependence is analytically predefined. Frequency dependent resistance is modeled as:

Ro – DC resistance, Rs - freq. dependent parameter

– Assumption: electrical properties of both wires are the same

– The models are based on measured single-ended S parameters

06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 6

R R o R s(1 j) f

Body

Ref. plane

Page 7: Name Niko Bako Institute University of Zagreb E-mail niko ... · 06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 5 21 22 L L L L L ... Slide 1 Author: Blecki Created Date: 11/3/2011 3:00:02

Results - SE parameters: measurements vs. model

06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 7

• Example - UTP FlexRay cable :

DUT: Cable 100 cm

Fixture Fixture

P2 P1

P3 P4

Page 8: Name Niko Bako Institute University of Zagreb E-mail niko ... · 06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 5 21 22 L L L L L ... Slide 1 Author: Blecki Created Date: 11/3/2011 3:00:02

Results - SE parameters: measurements vs. model

06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 8

• Coupling

• Near (P1-P3) Far (P1-P4)

Page 9: Name Niko Bako Institute University of Zagreb E-mail niko ... · 06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 5 21 22 L L L L L ... Slide 1 Author: Blecki Created Date: 11/3/2011 3:00:02

Results - MM parameters: measurements vs. model

06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 9

• Differential – differential: reflection and transmission

Page 10: Name Niko Bako Institute University of Zagreb E-mail niko ... · 06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 5 21 22 L L L L L ... Slide 1 Author: Blecki Created Date: 11/3/2011 3:00:02

Results - MM parameters: measurements vs. model

06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 10

• Common – common: reflection and transmission

Page 11: Name Niko Bako Institute University of Zagreb E-mail niko ... · 06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 5 21 22 L L L L L ... Slide 1 Author: Blecki Created Date: 11/3/2011 3:00:02

Perspectives

• Industrial application:

– Project is supported by ON semiconductor

– The FlexRay communication protocol is future replacement for CAN protocol

• Future modeling:

– The models must be within 3 dB mismatch up to 3 GHz

– Improvement in mixed-mode parameters

06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 11

Page 12: Name Niko Bako Institute University of Zagreb E-mail niko ... · 06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 5 21 22 L L L L L ... Slide 1 Author: Blecki Created Date: 11/3/2011 3:00:02

Appendix • SE - reflection: lin

06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 12

Page 13: Name Niko Bako Institute University of Zagreb E-mail niko ... · 06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 5 21 22 L L L L L ... Slide 1 Author: Blecki Created Date: 11/3/2011 3:00:02

Appendix • SE - transmission: lin

06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 13

Page 14: Name Niko Bako Institute University of Zagreb E-mail niko ... · 06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 5 21 22 L L L L L ... Slide 1 Author: Blecki Created Date: 11/3/2011 3:00:02

Appendix • MM differential – differential reflection

06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 14

Page 15: Name Niko Bako Institute University of Zagreb E-mail niko ... · 06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 5 21 22 L L L L L ... Slide 1 Author: Blecki Created Date: 11/3/2011 3:00:02

Appendix • MM common – common transmission

06.11.2011 EMC Compo 2011 – PhD Seminar 15


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