Naming monoatomic and polyatomic ions

There are two types of ions:

Cation Anion•+ ve charge - ve charge•all metals all non metals•Transition metals name ends with -ide have multiple charges•Exampes: Ca2+ Cl–

Formation of ionsFormation of ions

NomenclatureHow to name an ion?

Cations•Name the cations as full element name example •Ca2+ is calcium ionAnions•Add suffix ide for anions example•Cl– is Chloride (Chlorine => Chloride)

• Most transition metals can form cations of more than one possible charge.

• There are two common methods of naming such ions

Stock method Classical methodUse Roman numerals in Higher ion ends with suffix-icparenthesis to indicate Lower ion ends with suffix-ousCharge. Remember H-ic up Example ExampleFe2+ is Fe(II) /Iron(II) ion Fe2+ : ferrous ion Fe3+ is Fe(III)/Iron (III) ion Fe3+ : ferric ion

Naming of Cations with multiple chargesNaming of Cations with multiple charges

Practice problemsElement Symbol Name of ion Symbol of

ion

1. sodium2. bromine3. magnesium4. chlorine5. oxygen6. boron7. Lithium9. Phosphorus10.Aluminum

Practice:Name the cations with multiple charges

write the name and symbol for the ions of the given elements acoording to Stock method and Classical method

• Iron

• Copper

• Tin

• Mercury

• Lead

• Antimony

Element Symbol of ions Name of ion

A monatomic ion contains only one atom

Example:

A polyatomic ion contains more than one atom acting as a team. Example:

Na+, Cl-, Ca2+, O2-, Al3+, N3-

(OH)-, (CN)-, (NH4) +, (NO3)

-

Name: Hydroxide, Cyanide, Ammonium, Nitrate

Common monoatomic Cations and AnionsCommon monoatomic Cations and Anions

Common polyatomic Cations and AnionsCommon polyatomic Cations and Anions

Oxoanions

perchlorate ClO4-

chlorate ClO3-

chlorite ClO2-

hypochlorite ClO-

nitrate NO3-

nitrite NO2-

phosphate PO43-

phosphite PO33-

sulfate SO42-

sulfite SO32-

• areare polyatomic anions that contain one or more oxygen atoms with another element.

• They have names ending in –ate or –ite

• areare compounds that contain polyatomic ions and hydrogen.

Oxoacid

HNO3 nitric acid

H2CO3 carbonic acid

H2SO4 sulfuric acid

Example:

( H+ and NO3-)

( H+ and CO3-)

( H+ and SO4-)