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Nancy Roper

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Nancy Roper Winifred W. Logan Alison J. Tierney
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Page 1: Nancy Roper

Nancy Roper

Winifred W. Logan

Alison J. Tierney

Page 2: Nancy Roper

Born in the United Kingdom on September 29, 1918

A Registered Sick Children’s Nurse A Registered General Nurse (World War II) An Examiner for the General Nursing Council Wrote a book: Man’s Anatomy, Physiology, Health

and Enviroment 1964: First British nurse writer 1967: Principles of Nursing 1976: Clinical Experience in Nurse Education 1988: Principles of Nursing in Process Context

Nancy Roper

Page 3: Nancy Roper

Qualified as a nurse at the Royal Infirmary

M.A. degree at the University of Edinburgh

1972: First Director of Nursing Services

1978: Executive DirectorBefore retirement: Head of

Department of Health and Nursing (Glasgow Caledonian University)

Winifred W. Logan

Page 4: Nancy Roper

At an early age desires to become a nurseMid 1960’s, nurses are poorly paid1969: Graduated with Distinction1971: Registered General Nurse1976: awarded a Ph. D (Doctoral Thesis)1984: Director of the Nursing Research Unit

at the University of Edinburgh was appointed to a Personal Chair of Nursing Research

Book: The Elements of Nursing

Alison J. Tierney

Page 5: Nancy Roper

Metaparadigm1. Person

> An individual is central to the model and is conceptualized as attending to the 12 ALs according to dependence/independence status for each of them and the stage on the lifespan against the influential factors.2. Health

> The expected outcome when preventing potential problems from becoming actual ones is the acquisition and maintenance of a positive health status.

Page 6: Nancy Roper

4. Nursing> Defined as helping people to:

Prevent potential problems related to their Als

Alleviate or solve health problems Cope in a positive way with any health

problems

3. Environment> Conceptualized in a broad dimension and includes

all that is physically external to the person. This includes other people in the environment, highlighting the interaction of psychological and sociocultural factors with environmental factors.

Page 7: Nancy Roper

I. Activities of Living

> The current model seeks to define 'what living means' and categorizes these discoveries into Activities of Living (ADL), in order to promote maximum independence, through complete assessment leading to interventions that further support independence in areas that may prove difficult or impossible for the individual on their own.

Major Concepts and Definitions

Page 8: Nancy Roper

The model also incorporates a life span continuum, where the individual passes from fully dependent at birth, to fully independent in the midlife, and returns to fully dependent in their old age/after death.

III. Factors Influencing ALsa. Biological

- the impact of overall health, of current illness or injury, and the scope of the individual's anatomy and physiology all are considered under this aspect.

II. Lifespan

Page 9: Nancy Roper

c. Sociocultural

- the impact of society and culture experienced by the individual. Expectations and values based on (perceived or actual) social class or status, or related to the individual's perceived or actual health or ability to carry our activities of daily living. Culture within this factor relates to the beliefs, expectations and values held by the individual both for themselves and by others pertaining to their independence in and ability to carry out activities of daily living.

b. Psychological- the impact of not only emotion, but cognition, spiritual beliefs and the ability to understand. Roper explained this was about "knowing, thinking, hoping, feeling and believing".

Page 10: Nancy Roper

e. Politico economic - this is the impact of government, politics and the economy on ADL's. Issues such as funding, government policies and programs, state of war or violent conflict, availability and access to benefits, political reforms and government targets, interest rates and availability of fundings (both public and private) all are considered under this factor.

d. Environmental- Roper stated in the interview above that this consideration made hers the first truly "green" model, as it recommends consideration of not only the impact of the environment on the activities of daily living, but also the impact of the individual's ADLs on the environment.

Page 11: Nancy Roper
Page 12: Nancy Roper

1980: The Elements of Nursing,1st Edition3rd and 4th Edition of the Book: The Elements

of Nursing: A Model for Nursing Based on a Model of Living

based loosely upon the activities of daily living (ADLs) that are evolved from the work of Virginia Henderson in 1966

most widely used nursing model in the United Kingdom

R – T – L Models


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