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Nanocomposites in Automotive Sector
IE 450 Nanomanufacturing & Devices
22/12/2014
Table of Content
Introduction
Definitions
Application Areas
History of Nanocomposites in Automotive
Sector
Nanocomposites vs. Conventional
Composites
Benefits and Challenges
Conclusion
References2
Introduction
• Nanocomposites: new alternative to
conventionally filled polymers
-Increased modulus & strength
-Outstanding barrier properties
-Improved solvent and heat resistance
-Decreased flammability
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• Global expectations:
fuel economy & low emission
low cost
high performance
lightweight materials
4http://www.digitalafro.com/content/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/bmw-gina-concept-2009-03.jpg
Replace metal and glass with nano-objects for fuel-efficient,
higher quality and durable vehicles
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Nanocomposites in vehicles
- To improve manufacturing speed
- To enhance enviromental and thermal stability
- To promote recycling
- To reduce weight
http://nanotechinautomotive.blogspot.com.tr/
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Definitions
Composite : made by combining two or more materials
Nanocomposite: a solid matrix (usually polymers) that contains a nanoscale filler, called a nano-object (nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanofibres, etc.).
90% of nanocomposites is made of polymer.http://www.mechanicalengineeringblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/01nanocompositenanotechnologypolymernanoparticles.jpg7
8http://www.intechopen.com/source/html/42654/media/image1_w.jpg
The main characteristics of nano-objects in
nanocomposites :
Increased Surface Area ( Increased
interaction between the particle and the
matrix)
Transparency (d<30nm)
9http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/id6080_2.jpg
Application Areas of Nanocomposites
• Automotive (gas tanks, bumpers, interior and exterior panels)
• Construction (building sections and structural panels)
• Aerospace (flame retardant panels and high performance components)
• Electrical and electronics (electrical components and printed circuit boards)
• Food packaging (containers and wrapping films)
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Manufacturing Type of Polymer Nanocomposites:
①In Situ Polymerization
②Solution Induced Intercalation
③Melt Processing
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Product Benefit Application
Nylon
Nanocomposites
Improved Modulus
Strength
Heat Distortion
Temperature
Barrier Properties
• Timing Belt Cover
• Engine Cover
• Fuel Line
• Fuel Hoses
• Fuel Tanks
Elastomeric
Nanocomposites
Higher Durability
Reduced Weight
Reduced Rolling
Resistance
Easy Rubber
Processing
High Barrier
Coating
• Tires
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Timeline for the commercialization of products by automotive players
http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=23934.php#ixzz3M3IKx2uO
History
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History of NCs in Automotive Applications
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Toyota Motor Company- Nylon-6-Clay NC Timing Belt
Cover(1991) for Toyota Camry cars in collaboration with
Ube industries.
Unitika Company of Japan- Nylon-6-Clay NC for engine
covers on Mitsubishi engines.
GM-Polyolefin reinforced with 3% nanoclays components in
collaboration with Basell for GM’s Safari and Chevrolet
Astro vans(2002)
GM-One piece compression molded rear floor assembly by
using nano-enhanced Sheet Moulding Compounds(SMCs)
developed by Molded Fiber Glass Companies.
15 Timing Belt Cover
http://home.halden.net/discovery/pics/timingbelt.jpg
Conventional Composite vs Nanocomposite
Requires post-forming modification of surface
Long cycle times
Expensive
Light-weight materials for non-cosmetic parts to reduce weight
Processing of metals costly
Better modulus
Thermal stability
Fire retardancy
Dimensional
stability
Surface hardness
Heat Distortion
temperature
Mar resistance
Barrier properties 16
Benefits of Nanocomposites
Simple and effective production process
Better dispersion of the reinforcement
Better interface adhesion
Better mechanical, thermal and electrical properties
Variety of combination
Suitability for high performance applications
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Limitations of NanocompositeProduction
Cost
Consistency and reliability in volume production
High lead time
Oxidative and Thermal Instability of Nanoclays
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Illustration of the usage of polymer nanocomposites parts.
http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=23934.php#ixzz3M3IKx2uO19
Conclusion
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Today, demand for thermoplastic polyolefin/polypropylene
nanocomposites has moved beyond nylon 6/clay
nanocomposites, mainly because of their low cost and
enhanced physico-mechanical properties.
Conclusion
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In the past, the automotive industry was more inclined towards
using nylon 6/clay nanocomposites for under-the-hood
applications, where higher heat deflection temperature,
enhanced stiffness, and light weight were the goals.
Conclusion
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The performance-to-cost ratio was a main constraint
which halted the rapid growth of polymer
nanocomposites. However, nylon 6/clay
nanocomposites (more costly) are still used for under
the hood applications, fuel lines and fuel system
components.
References Gacita, William et al., Polymer Nanocomposites: Syntetic and Natural Fillers A
eview, 2005
Garces, Juan et al., Polymeric Nanocomposites for Automotive Applications,
Lagashetty, Arunkumar and Venkaraman, a. Polymer Nanocomposites, 2005.
Şeh, Faruk et al. Polimerik Nanokompozitler ve Kullanım Alanları, Makine
Teknolojileri Dergisi, Vol 7, 2010.
http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=23934.php#ixzz3M3IKx2uO
http://www.jeccomposites.com/news/composites-news/nano
http://www.ictp.csic.es/OfertaTecnologica/Leaflet%20PT_005_201030947_G%
C3%B3mez-Rodr%C3%ADguez_2012-01-10.pdf
http://www.rsc.org/Education/Teachers/Resources/Inspirational/resources/4.3.
1.pdf
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Any Question?
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