Nanoparticle Ionic Materials for Energy and Sustainability.pdf

7/28/2019 Nanoparticle Ionic Materials for Energy and Sustainability.pdf

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Nanoparticle Ionic Materials for Energy and

Sustainability

Presented by: Dr. Emmanuel P. Giannelis

Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering & Materials Science and Engineering

Cornell University


2/18

KAUST King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

VisionVision

We envision a Center for

Research and Education thatprovides a dynamic venue for

fundamental scientific studiesfundamental scientific studies,

graduate educationgraduate education, and

technological innovationstechnological innovationsaddressing emergingproblems critical to the

KingdomKingdom, the

regionregion, and the

worldworld


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MissionMission

Establish a pre-eminent research center focused on hybrid nanomaterials

Educate a cadre of interdisciplinary, team-based researchers prepared toassume leadership roles in the Kingdom, the United States, and the world

Support a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship

Collaborate to build capacity at KAUST through several innovativeprograms

Promote industrial partnerships to ensure 1) technological relevance ofresearch in the Center and 2) rapid commercialization of new technologies



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Benefits to KAUSTBenefits to KAUST

Research and education programs at the Center will help

build intellectual capacity at KAUST during its formativeyears

propel KAUST to the forefront of

nanoscience/nanotechnology

polymers

complex fluids



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Interactions with KAUSTInteractions with KAUST

Incubate research programs of new KAUST faculty

Establish a dynamic student and visi ting scholar exchange program thatlinks the two campuses

Support KAUST with research infrastructure development and laboratorybuild-outs

KAUST Nanofabrication Facility (KNF)

Develop joint curricula and education programs to help promote a cultureof excellence

Share best practices for graduate student recruitment and for enhancingthe pipeline of students in science and engineering

Assist KAUST in developing a culture of innovation and entrepreneurshipthrough formal courses and experiential learning


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SynergiesSynergies Extensive experience administering large, multi-inst itution research

centers in a cost-effective manner

High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS)

Center for Advanced Computing (CAC)

Cornell Center for Materials Research (CCMR)

Cornell Nanofabrication Facili ty (CNF)

Graduate studies are based on field system

fosters collaborative research that transcends traditional disciplinary

boundaries

Land-grant mission

commitment to creating and disseminating scientific discoveries to the

benefit of the state, nation, and the world


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Scientific Focus: NIMSScientific Focus: NIMS Organic-inorganic hybrids (composites) are attractive because they integrate the

light-weight features, low-cost, and processabili ty of polymers with funct ionality ofinorganics

Widespread interest in nanocomposites (composites with nanoscale components)has been motivated by the promise of unmatched performance, design flexibi lity,and lower unit and life-cycle costs

Market forecasts estimate the use of nanocomposites to reach $800M by 2011

(annual growth rate of 24%)

Persistent challenges with poor miscibil ity, dispersion and interfacial strengthprevent nanocomposites from realizing their full potential

100 nmKAUST King Abdullah University of Science and Technology


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Scientific Focus: NIMSScientif ic Focus: NIMS

Nanoparticle ionic materials (NIMS) provide a highly tunable/functional

materials platform that solves many of these technical challenges

NIMS are a disruptive technology, enabling applications in multiple fields

NIMS are ideal for research and education at the interface ofnanotechnology, polymers and complex fluids



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NIMS: Solvent-Free Particle FluidsNIMS: Solvent-Free Particle Fluids

LIQUIDS & GELS

SiO2-Fe2O3SiO2

SOLIDS

Cores: SiO2, TiO2, Fe2O3, ZnO, SnO2,Au, Pt, Pd, CNTs, C60

A: RSO3A: RSO3

LIQUIDS & GELS

SiO2-Fe2O3SiO2

A:Cl A: RSO3A: RSO3

SOLIDS LIQUIDS & GELS


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Science & TechnologyScience & Technology

Solvent is tethered to the cores

zero vapor-pressure materials

Tunable materials properties

liquid, gel, LC, solid (, T)

conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, refractive index

Controlled assembly

despite nanometer size they reach equilibrium state

External fields can be used for assembly



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Research ProgramResearch Program

KAUST-CU Research FocusKAUST-CU Research Focus

- CO2 capture and sequestration

- PVs and solid-state lighting

- Water treatment and desalination

- Nanomaterials for oil production

NIMS: A new materials platform with many applications



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Cornell

Cambridge

Columbia

ETH Lausanne

HoustonPrinceton

UCLA

Yale

Global Interdisciplinary TeamGlobal Interdisciplinary Team



13/18

COCO22 Capture and SequestrationCapture and Sequestration

CO2 is a greenhouse gas

CO2sequestration involves three steps:

capture, transportation, and disposal

Carbon dioxide capture is the most expensive

A novel carbon capture technology under development utilizes an amine-

functionalized Task-Specific Ionic Liquid (IL)

NIMS are nanoscale analogs of ILs and offer numerous advantages forcapture and sequestration

Solvation in NIMS is driven by enthalpic as well as by entropic interactions NIMS with high-affinity nanoporous cores to enhance solubility can be

designed

Recovery of the capture fluid facilitated by magnetic cores

Catalytically active cores can be introduced for sequestration (olivines)



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Synthesizing Optimal NIMS for Carbon Capture

Controlling Corona Entropy

SiO2

OH

OH

OHHO

HO

HO OH OS

OO

SiO2

SO3H

SO3H

SO3H

SO3H

HO3S

HO3S

HO3S

NR3 SiO2

SO3-

SO3-

SO3-

SO3-

-O3S

-O3S

-O3S

R3NH+

R3NH+

R3NH+

R3NH+

R3NH+

R3NH+

R3NH+1.

2. Dialyze

SiO2

OH

OH

OH

HO

HO

HOOH

O

O

N O

R

O

O

F

F

O O

O O

OF

O

NF

RO

SiO2

In

In

In

In

In

In In

F

F

F

F

F

F

SiO2

F = N+, CO2-, SO3-, etc.In = Br, OH, Nitroxyl, O

-

, etc.

n n

n

Selected Monomers Selected polymers

1. Monomer

2. Functionalize

Initiator

attachment

n

n

Controlling Corona Entropy



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Generate effective interparticle potentials Structural packing of corona-canopy Effect of chemical composition

Bridge length-time scales Solid-liquid transitions

Theory and experiment to develop

models for Interactions & Transport

Properties

Diffusion (mobility) Rheology (flow)Structure (packing)

SAXS, TEM, SEMFCS, FRES Std.& X-ray shear cells

Computer Simulation and Theory: Multiscale ApproachComputer Simulation and Theory: Multiscale Approach

Simulate slow dynamic modes Shear flow properties Prediction & physical insights

Model 2Bead-spring model (MD, MC)

Model 3Mesoscopic model (BD)

Model 1Al l-atom (MD)

Length & Time Scales

SO

3-

SO3-

SO3-

SO3-

-O3S

-O3S

+ +

++

SO3-

Model 1 Model 2 Model 3

R3NH+

R3NH+

+HNR 3

R3NH+

R3NH+

R3NH+

R3NH+ =

+HNR 3

= segment= + segment

7 nm

SiO 2


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Technology: Roadmap for COTechnology: Roadmap for CO22

ThrustThrust


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Industrial ProgramsIndustrial Programs

BJ Services, Carbo Ceramics, Chevron,Corning, Kodak, Milliken, NanoH2O,

NaturalNano, Orica, Summit Lubricants, andUnion Carbide intend to participate asindustrial partners to drive forward thedrive forward theapplicationsapplications

KensaGroupKensaGroup - tech transfer partner to ensurethat technologies emerging from the Centerare transitioned rapidly into the marketplace



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Thank YouThank You


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