Nanotechnology and EngineeringGroup 7 Alicbusan. De Pano. Fermo. Herrera. Liccup. Tan.

Nanotechnology and Engineering

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Discussion Outline

Overview Historical Timeline Emerging Technology

Game

Overview Nanotechnology

•is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale.

• is about generating solutions through the use of atomic or molecular manipulation.

•is the study of structure manipulation having the size that ranges between one to one hundred nano meters.

Overview Nanotechnology

•Nanotechnology came from the prefix “nano”.

•Nanometer is one-billionth of a meter (distance equal to two to twenty atoms).

•The term ‘nano-technology’ is coined by Norio Taniguichi but expanded and popularized by K. Eric Drexler

Nanotechnology and Engineering HistoryHistorical Timeline

1959 Feynman describes molecular machines building

1950 201019801960 1970 1990 2000

1974 Taniguchi coined the term ‘nano-technology’

1950 201019801960 1970 1990 2000

1977 Drexler expanded and popularized molecular nanotechnology (MNT)

1950 201019801960 1970 1990 2000

1981 SMT Invention of the Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

1950 201019801960 1970 1990 2000

1996 NASA Computational Nanotech is in the process of development

1950 201019801960 1970 1990 2000

1997 Zyvex First Nanotechnology Development Company

1950 201019801960 1970 1990 2000

2002 First Conference First Nanotech Industry Conference

1950 201019801960 1970 1990 2000

2009 Walking DNA Nanorobot New and Improved.

1950 201019801960 1970 1990 2000

Emerging TechnologiesNanotechnology and Engineering

Integrated Circuits

About

• “assembly of interconnected components on a small semiconductor chip”

•can be used in cars, televisions, computers, microwaves, portable devices, aero planes, space crafts and the like

Integrated Circuits

Short History

• Invented by Jack Killby of Texas Instruments and Robert Noyce at Fairchild Semiconductor

•Before this invention, vacuum tubes were used.

Integrated Circuits

Short History

Vacuum tubes were deemed inefficient• acted like

lightbulbs that burned out and made so much heat• it was not

suitable for mass-production• not suitable for

complex circuits because of unreliability and power consumption

Integrated Circuits

Short History

• Transistors were invented in 1947• quickly replaced

vacuum tubes• small and

efficient• engineers can

now build more complex circuits

• A new problem arose.

Integrated Circuits

Short History

• A new problem arose.• Circuits were

handmade.• Complex circuits

had a vast number of compenents• Each part was

manually soldered and connected with a metal wire.

Integrated Circuits

Short History

• A new problem arose.

• If one connection broke, the circuit failed.

• If the circuit became too big, the distance for the electric signals became longer making the circuit slower.

Integrated Circuits

Short History

• Solution: Make all the parts in one block of semiconductor material.• No more wires. Add only a layer of metal outside to connect the parts inside.

• In 1958, Jack Kilby at Texas Instruments created the first IC. He then proceeded to make the first handheld calculator.

Integrated Circuits

Short History

• 6 months later

• Robert Noyce from Fairchild Semiconductor came up with his own idea of a circuit and solved many problems with Kilby’s solution.

The IC was finally completely coated in metal and then partially removed to connect the parts inside.

Integrated Circuits

Short History

Robert Noyce is one of the co-founders of Intel Corporation, one of the largest manufacturers of integrated circuits in the world.

Their latest Ivy Bridge microprocessor is made in 22nm processes and has 1.4 billion transistors in 160 sq.mm

Integrated Circuits

Modern Chip Production

Chip production today is based on photolithography.

Steps:1. Create a mask film.2. Shine UV light over wafer chip.3. Peel out parts of wafer that was hit by light.

The wafer is cut with a diamond saw, packaged, tested, and shipped out.

Medical Nanobots

About

• Ultimate goal of a nanobot is to create a microscopic entity out of electromechanical components

•They are designed to function similar to bacteria and common viruses

•They are small and cannot be seen with the naked eye.

Medical Nanobots

Short History

• In 1989, researchers discovered how to manually operate a system for nanobot building

• Nanobot prototypes are currently being developed and currently they are biological in nature.

NFC About

• stands for “Near Field Communication”

•is a short-range, low power wireless technology, touch-based computing

•has the capability to exchange information from one device to another

NFC Short History

• is developed by NXP ( NXP Conductors)

•The very first Android NFC phone is Samsung Nexus S

NeverWet About

• When this product is applied to any surface, water beads “glide” over with no surface friction thus preventing the surface from getting wet

•Uses angled nanoparticles to force water to cluster into a droplet

NeverWet Short History

• Created by Ross Technology

•The challenge was to stop a undersea pipe from rusting and thus they created a silicon based spray

AgActive About

• AgActive Antibacterial Sheet and Pillow case Sets

•Uses the latest nanotechnology advancements to get rid of germs

AgActive Short History

• started in 2003 and they use a specific technology called Silversure.

•Silversure is a cost effective technology that allows the embodiment of nano-particles into plastics

Canola Active Oil About

• uses a nanotechnology called NSSL (Nano-sized self assembled structed liquids) – also called Nanodrops

•The technology serves as a liquid carrier that allows the penetration of health components

Canola Active Oil Short History

• originated in Isarael and was created by Shemen Industries

Nanobeam nB4 About

• used to provide a platform for the development of integrated electronics

•Has excellent stability

•Designed to reduce routine service requirements

Nanobeam nB4 Short History

• Founded in 2002

•The goal was to produce high performance and cost effective electron beam lithography tools

GameHistorical Timeline

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