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Nanotechnology and the Lithium-ion Battery
| Date post: | 05-Jan-2016 |
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Nanotechnology and the Lithium-ion Battery
•Batteries in General–Electrolyte–Electrodes
– Anode– Cathode
Nanotechnology and the Lithium-ion Battery
•Lithium Batteries–Lightest Metal–Highest Electrochemical Potential–Largest Specific Energy per Weight
Nanotechnology and the Lithium-ion Battery
Li+
LiCoO2
Graphite
LiNiMn2O4
Li+
Li+
Li+
Li+
Li+
Li+
Li+Li+
Li+
Li+
Li+
Li+
• Idea #1– Replace the LiCoO2 cathode with an iron phosphate one (LiFePO4).
Nanotechnology and the Lithium-ion Battery
- Twice as many charge/discharge cycles.
- Stronger oxygen bonds which means no thermal runaway.
- Coated LiFePO4 nanoparticles with carbon to increase conductivity.
• Idea #2– Replace the graphite anode with a lithium titanate oxide one (Li4Ti5O12).
Nanotechnology and the Lithium-ion Battery
- Ten (10) times as many charge/discharge cycles.
- No solid electrolyte interface (SEI) which means no thermal runaway.
- No SEI also means greater voltage window (0 V – 5 V).
• Idea #3– Make the electrolyte solid.
Nanotechnology and the Lithium-ion Battery
- Different electrodes are needed with all-solid-state batteries because of low power density.
- Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is used to deposit a 45 nm thick film of titanium disulfide (TiS2) onto a silicon substrate.
- Charge capacities of 540 mAh/g can be achieved.
•References
– Armand, M. & Tarascon, J. –M (2008). Building Better Batteries. Nature, 652-657.
– Leckliker, T. (2008). Nanotechnology Drives Battery Development. Evaluation Engineering, 48-53.
– Matsuyama, T.; Sakuda, A.; Togawa, Y.; Mori, S.; & Tatsumisago, M. (2012). Preparation of Amorphous TiSx Thin Film Electrodes by the PLD Method and their Application to All-solid-state Lithium Secondary Batteries. J Mater Sci, 6601-6606.
Nanotechnology and the Lithium-ion Battery
