Nanotechnology in Daily Life

Joshua MorenoDanielle MillerScott Marwil

Overview

Nanotechnology in Electronics Nanotechnology in Automobiles Nanotechnology in Clothing

Nanotechnology in Electronics

Very close to being in actual consumer products

Can increase the power and speed of devices by several times

Current Process

Lithography – top down method of writing structures on a surface with a probe

Lithography can only go so far Memory and processor speeds are nearing

their current theoretical maximums As we near the theoretical limits,

traditional silicon chips become less reliable due to size issues

Square arrays over hexagonal

Computers

The new process of building computers will be with a bottom up process

Block co-polymer lithography

3-4 times smaller chips

2-3 times the power No start-up time

Faster Processors

etching can only go so far

10-15% better drive current gives better performance and less leakage

Transistors from carbon nanotubes that have doubled the electrical current

New Memory Types

Nanodots Nano sized dots of

nickle Terabyte storage

capacity Can be packed

much closer as they act as independent units

Bio-Nanotechnology

Nano chips inside of cells

Huge medical potential

Spiral structure found most durable

By 2020, 2500 transistors could fit on a cell

Cell Phones

Many the same aspects of computers

Smaller transistors give higher frequencies = better reception

Longer battery life Phone companies

would need less towers

Cameras Possibilities of no flash SMPD image sensors

can sense more light and IR wave lengths

12 mega pixel cell phone cameras due to quantum dots

Quantum dots are color specific and absorb and transfer light better than silicon receptors

Maybe not Everyday to You

The U.S. military uses electronics on an everyday basis.

Night vision and thermal imagers are used by soldiers, pilots, and UAVs

Gives the US a major advantage

Night Vision

The core of night vision is the microchannel plate(MCP)

Electrons pass through thousands of microchannels which multiply the electrons

New microfilm that is 10,000 times thinner than a human hair

Thermal Detectors

New development with carbon nanotubes

Microbolometer detectors New technology has lowered micron

pitch down to 17 from previous numbers of 50-100.

Wrap-up

Still a lot of development occurring in this field

However the first of the next generation of chips, processors, computers, etc should be coming into the market within the next couple of years

Greatly increases the current capabilities in all aspects

Nanotechnology in Automobiles

Unless otherwise indicated, all information and figures in this section are from:

Skandan, Ganesh, Singhal, Amit, and Soberevilla, Damian (2009) ‘Automotive Parts: Impact of Nanotechnology’, Dekker Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Second Edition, 1, 241-248

Nanotechnology in Automobiles

Coatings Structural Applications Aftermarket Products Potential Applications

Clear Coatings

Outer paint of car has 5+ layers

~100 μm Benefits

• 3x scratch resistance

• Longer gloss life Future: UV curing

• Less VOCs• Better appearance• Better Durability

Antireflection Coatings

Glass with nanoscale layers of sun protecting and infrared

reflecting material embedded in it.

http://www.ytca.com/images/site_images/coated.jpg

Engine Block CoatingWhy nanostructured coatings could improve engine

efficiency?

Engine Block Coating

Qualities Needed:• Low friction• Corrosion resistant• Scuffing resistant• Thermal insulation• Affinity for oil

coating

Research is being conducted, but not likely to reach market anytime soon.

Nanomaterials for Structural Applications

Objective: Reduce weight of vehicles

Nanomaterials for Structural Applications

Objective: Reduce weight of vehicles

a b

c

Nanomaterials for Structural Applications

Objective: Reduce weight of vehicles• 25% less than glass and carbon fiber

filled plastics• 80% less than steel

Nanomaterials for Structural Applications

Objective: Reduce weight of vehicles• 25% less than glass and carbon fiber

filled plastics• 80% less than steel

Why: Improve fuel economy Positive Effect: Mechanical properties

are better than traditional materials Negative Effect: Increases the cost

This application of nanotechnology can be found in everyday cars.

Nanotechnology-Enabled Products for the Aftermarket

Windshield coatings repel• Rain• Snow• Bugs• Bird droppings• Spray paint• Most other liquids

Car Air Purifier• Circulated air cleaned by a reduction and

oxidation through a photocatalytic reaction

Potential Applications

Catalytic Converters & Fuel Cells• Nanocomposite catalysts

reduce the amount of Pt• Pt costs a lot

www.etrailer.com/Merchant2/graphics/00000001/pics/M/F/MFConverter%20Diagram%20with%20Air%20Tube_500.jpg

Potential Applications

Magnetic Sensors• Allow contactless determination

of mechanical parameters• Multiple layers of metal• Each layer only 1-2nm

Engine Coolants• Greater thermal conductivity

Better heat transfer

Summary of Nanotechnology Applications to Modern Automobiles

Nanotechnology in Clothing

Resistant to spills and stains Water resistant Odor resistant Ability to conduct electricity

Spill and Stain Resistance

Treats the material with chemicals that change the clothing on the molecular level

Allows for spills to bead, rather than soak into fabrics

Water Resistance

Material made from coating polyester fibers with small silicone filaments

Layer of silicone nanofilaments is highly hydrophobic

Causes water to bead

Water Resistance

Combination of hydrophobic surface chemistry and the nanoparticle structure leads to this “super-hydrophobic” effect

Water Resistance

Lotus leaves use a similar combination of water repelling materials and tiny nanostructures

The silicone nanostructures also trap a layer of air in-between them creating a permanent air layer known as a plastron

Odor Resistance

Material that can trap odors and release them in the washing machine

Achieved by treating the fabric with nanoparticles

Conducting Electricity

Pairs of textile fibers covered with zinc oxide nanowires can generate electrical current using the piezoelectric effect.

Conducting Electricity

Conducting Electricity

Nanogenerators create electricity through movement

Allows a person to power their own electrical devices while moving

Conducting Electricity

Current nanogenerators do not produce enough power

After further research, estimates say one sq meter of material could produce 80 mW of power

Conclusion

Research is proving that the possibilities are limitless

Some items already marketed Nano-tex Further research still needed

Sources http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=3892457 http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16126-nanotech-clothing-fabric-never-gets-wet.html http://www.nano-tex.com/technologies/neutralizer.html http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2008-02/giot-fni020908.php

Questions

?

Group S4 Rebuttal (2nd Presentation)

Joshua MorenoDanielle MillerScott Marwil

General Comments

• Overall, there was very little negative feedback on the presentation.

• Thanks to all for the constructive criticism.• We feel we have greatly improved our

presentation skills from the first presentation to this one.

Speaker Performance

• Several notes were made about inadequate use of the microphone and laser pointer. We will do our best to ensure that we make full use of the items available to present topics clearly.

• We felt that the presentation was a solid performance and that only small improvements could have been made.

Presentation

• Several comments were made about the good use of relevant pictures and humor. We tried our best to implement more of these aspects into our presentation.

• We were missing some citing information and will do our best to not make this mistake in the future.

Food

• Everyone loves ICE CREAM!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Group 1 Evaluation of Group 4

Presentation:Nanotechnology in the Daily Life

By Group 4

Fantastic topics chosen◦ Lots of details and specifics about nanotechnology in computers

and cars◦ Really captured the audience with relevant, and important, data

critical to devices used everyday Slides had good format

◦ Easy to read◦ Lots of helpful graphics

A lot was presented◦ The need for further inquiry of certain topics was almost

unnecessary due to thorough presentation Showed a variety of uses from small microprocessors, to

travel and clothing, to an overall global economic scale. The topics were broken up into clear, succinct, subjects

that were easy to follow, and all important to everyday use.

Positive Notes

Group 1 thinks that the only area for improvement would be to practice working together as group presenters more◦ However, the overall presentation, transitions,

data, and topics presented were highly professional

Danielle is a bit quiet when speaking. Perhaps better use of the microphone would have helped

Opportunities for Improvement

S2 review of 2nd S4 Nanotechnology in Daily Life

The bad

• Sources of images not cited• Some font size was too small• Almost 3 presentations in one file; disjointed

feeling• Did they really only use 4 sources for the

whole thing?• Not based on any specific paper(s)

The good

• Professional layout• Color Scheme was effective and not distracting• Relevant figures• Excellent ability to see how electronics and

automobile applications are relevant to daily life; not easy to see for clothing

Review of S4—Nanotechnology in Daily Life

By S3:James KancewickMichael Koetting

Bradford Lamb

PositivesThe variety of topics discussed made the

presentation interesting and showed the wide applicability of nanotechnology in common uses.

Speaking was very good throughout the presentation.

Presentation contained plenty of pictures, which helped keep the audience entertained with the presentation.

Areas for ImprovementAlmost none of the images had cited sources.

Cite your sources!Although a lot of information was presented

on what nanotechnology can do in our daily lives, not much was said about how it achieves these goals.Add more information regarding mechanisms

of each application.This would have made each application seem

more real (i.e. currently being done) and less like the dreams of some futurist.

CHEN 481Presentation 8 Review

Group 5Trevor SeidelLaura YoungPradip Rijal

Jason Savatsky

Presentation Review

• The speakers all did well. They spoke clearly and loudly.

• Adding humor to the slides was a good way to keep the attention of the audience.

• The topics that they chose to discuss were relevant to the audience. This also helped to make their presentation interesting.

• The graphics that were shown complimented the material.

Presentation Review

• The graphical effects on the car picture with the scratched surface were good and helped to show the scratches to the audience.

• Overall, the team did a great job, and the ice cream was very good.

Review: Nanotechnology in the Daily Life

S6:Daniel Arnold John BaumhardtMichael TranMichael Trevathan

http://c2.api.ning.com/files/fuwBh-9*s2IPTynyWg-o21mY5IfL2QjfDkfW4fFyCspSRbKBDGTafKNslLXXmED5zWcNkoB-VWVnn8nkRvyrzKsfAAuEimkf/Daily_Life_by_Ennokni.jpg

Review• We enjoyed the macro-scale approach of the

presentation; the impact of nanotechnology in our daily lives was interesting

• High quality slides▫ looked like a lot of work was put into making them▫ Clear and easy to read▫ Great text to picture ratio

• It was a good to split the topic into electronics, automobiles, and clothing. ▫ They all have a large impact on our lives

• There were many pictures that helped convey the concepts throughout the presentation that made everything easier to understand

Review• All the presenters spoke clearly and confidently

▫ No filler words▫ Great transitions▫ Excellent tone/poise/dress code

• Improvements▫ The laser pointer should have been used more▫ All the pictures and text should have been properly cited (we

recognize that each section was sited, but more is required)▫ The sources at the end of the presentation should not simply be

website pages• Overall, great presentation – it was a great change from all

the traditional nano-scale experiments• The ice cream made the entire presentation much more

enjoyable- thanks!