The Graphene and 2D Materials Global Opportunity and Market Forecast 2017-2027
The Graphene and 2D Materials Global Opportunity and Market Forecast 2017-2027 Report is a comprehensive analysis of the market and commercial opportunities for these remarkable materials. A growing number of products are integrating graphene and 2D materials across a range of markets. Two-dimensional (2D) materials are currently one of the most active areas of advanced materials research, and offer a huge opportunity for both fundamental studies and practical applications, including superfast, low-power, flexible and wearable electronics, sensors, photonics and electrochemical energy storage devices that will have an immense impact on our society.
Graphene is a ground-breaking 2D material that possesses extraordinary electrical and mechanical properties that promise a new generation of innovative devices. New methods of scalable synthesis of high-quality graphene, clean delamination transfer and device integration have resulted in the commercialization of state-of-the-art electronics devices such as graphene touchscreens in smartphones and flexible RF devices on plastics. The market for graphene continues to expand, with new product launches, multi-million dollar funding for companies and start-ups and new government initiatives worldwide.
Beyond graphene, emerging elementary 2D materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides, group V systems including phosphorene, and related isoelectronic structures will potentially allow for flexible electronics and field-effect transistors that exhibit ambipolar transport behaviour with either a direct band-gap or greater gate modulation.
Companies who have bought this report include Scion Research, Fraunhofer, ICL Group, LWP Tech, CNM Technologies, Graphit Kropfmühl GmbH, InnoPeak Technology, Grupa Aazoty, Panasonic, Samsung and many more.
Report contents include: Global production capacities Current products. Stage of commercialization for graphene applications by company. Market drivers, trends and challenges, by target markets. In-depth market assessment of opportunities for graphene including potential revenues, growth
rates, pricing, most likely applications and market challenges. In-depth company profiles, include products, capacities, and commercial activities. Predictions for key growth areas and opportunities.
Companies profiled in the report include 3D GRAPHTECH INDUSTRIES, APPLIED GRAPHENE MATERIALS PLC, CEALTECH, DIRECTA PLUS SPA , ENANOTEC GRAPHENANO S.L., GRAPHENETECH, HANWHA CHEMICAL, METALYSIS, TALGA RESOURCES AND MANY MORE.
Graphene and 2D materials exhibit unique combinations of mechanical, thermal, electronic and
optical properties that provide opportunities for new innovation in:
7.6.3 MIT and the University of Michigan.................................................................................. 126
7.6.4 Oak Ridge National Laboratory/University of Texas/General Graphene................... 126
7.6.5 University of Florida/Donghua University........................................................................ 127
7.6.6 Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) and Case Western Reserve University............................................................................................................................ 127
7.6.7 Trinity College Dublin......................................................................................................... 127
7.6.8 Sungkyunkwan University and Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT) 127
7.6.9 Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Chonbuk National University and KRICT 127
Table 2: Potential market penetration and volume estimates (tons) for graphene in key applications................................................................................................................................................................... 51
Table 4: Graphene producers annual production capacities................................................................ 56
Table 5: Global production of graphene, 2010-2025 in tons/year. Base year for projections is 2015................................................................................................................................................................... 58
Table 6: Graphene types and cost per kg................................................................................................ 60
Table 7: Categorization of nanomaterials................................................................................................. 68
Table 8: Properties of graphene................................................................................................................ 73
Table 10: Comparative properties of carbon materials.......................................................................... 79
Table 11: Comparative properties of graphene with nanoclays and carbon nanotubes.................. 81
Table 12: Competitive analysis of Carbon nanotubes and graphene by application area and potential impact by 2025....................................................................................................................... 82
Table 13: Electronic and mechanical properties of monolayer phosphorene, graphene and MoS2. 86
Table 14: Markets and applications of phosphorene.............................................................................. 87
Table 15: Markets and applications of C2N............................................................................................. 89
Table 16: Markets and applications of hexagonal boron-nitride........................................................... 91
Table 17: Markets and applications of graphdiyne................................................................................. 92
Table 18: Markets and applications of graphane.................................................................................... 94
Table 19: Markets and applications of hexagonal boron-nitride........................................................... 97
Table 20: Markets and applications of MoS2........................................................................................... 99
Table 21: Markets and applications of Rhenium disulfide (ReS2) and diselenide (ReSe2).......... 102
Table 22: Markets and applications of silicene..................................................................................... 103
Table 23: Markets and applications of stanene/tinene........................................................................ 106
Table 24: Markets and applications of tungsten diselenide................................................................ 108
Table 25: Comparative analysis of graphene and other 2-D nanomaterials.................................... 109
Table 26: Large area graphene films-Markets, applications and current global market................ 111
Table 27: Graphene oxide flakes/graphene nanoplatelets-Markets, applications and current global market.................................................................................................................................................... 112
Table 28: Main production methods for graphene................................................................................ 113
Table 29: Graphene synthesis methods, by company......................................................................... 130
Table 32: Leading graphene patentees.................................................................................................. 142
Table 33: Industrial graphene patents in 2014...................................................................................... 143
Table 34: Global production of graphene, 2010-2025 in tons/year. Base year for projections is 2015................................................................................................................................................................. 188
Table 35: Graphene producers and production capacity (Current and projected), prices and target markets.................................................................................................................................................. 190
Table 36: Graphene properties relevant to application in adhesives................................................ 195
Table 37: Graphene and 2D materials in the adhesives market-applications, stage of commercialization and estimated economic impact...................................................................... 196
Table 38: Market opportunity assessment for graphene in adhesives.............................................. 196
Table 39: Market challenges rating for graphene in the adhesives market...................................... 198
Table 40: Graphene product and application developers in the adhesives industry..................... 199
Table 41: Graphene and 2D materials in the aerospace market-applications, stage of commercialization and estimated economic impact...................................................................... 204
Table 42: Market opportunity assessment for graphene in aerospace............................................. 204
Table 43: Market challenges rating for graphene in the aerospace market..................................... 207
Table 44: Graphene product and application developers in the aerospace industry...................... 207
Table 45: Graphene and 2D materials in the automotive market-applications, stage of commercialization and estimated economic impact...................................................................... 212
Table 46: Market opportunity assessment for graphene in the automotive sector......................... 213
Table 47: Applications and commercialization challenges in the automotive market..................... 216
Table 48: Market challenges rating for graphene in the automotive market.................................... 216
Table 49: Graphene product and application developers in the automotive industry..................... 217
Table 50: Graphene properties relevant to application in biomedicine and healthcare................. 222
Table 51: Graphene and 2D materials in the biomedical & healthcare markets-applications, stage of commercialization and estimated economic impact...................................................................... 229
Table 52: Market opportunity assessment for graphene in biomedical & healthcare markets...... 230
Table 53: Potential addressable market for graphene in biomedical & healthcare markets......... 230
Table 54: Market challenges in graphene in biomedicine and healthcare....................................... 232
Table 55: Market challenges rating for graphene in the biomedical and healthcare market......... 233
Table 56: Graphene product and application developers in the biomedical and healthcare industry................................................................................................................................................................. 234
Table 57: Properties of nanocoatings..................................................................................................... 236
Table 58: Graphene properties relevant to application in coatings................................................... 242
Table 59: Markets for nanocoatings........................................................................................................ 252
Table 60: Graphene and 2D materials in the coatings market-applications, stage of commercialization and estimated economic impact...................................................................... 256
Table 61: Market opportunity assessment for graphene in the coatings market............................. 257
Table 62: Market challenges rating for graphene in the coatings market......................................... 259
Table 63: Graphene product and application developers in the coatings industry......................... 259
Table 64: Graphene properties relevant to application in polymer composites............................... 263
Table 65: Graphene and 2D materials in the composites market-applications, stage of commercialization and estimated economic impact...................................................................... 266
Table 66: Market opportunity assessment for graphene in the composites market....................... 266
Table 67: Market challenges rating for graphene in the composites market................................... 269
Table 68: Graphene product and application developers in the composites industry.................... 270
Table 69: Graphene and 2D materials in the electronics and photonics market-applications, stage of commercialization and estimated economic impact...................................................................... 272
Table 70: Comparison of ITO replacements.......................................................................................... 274
Table 71: Wearable electronics devices and stage of development................................................. 281
Table 72: Graphene properties relevant to application in sensors.................................................... 287
Table 73: Global market for wearables, 2014-2021, units and US$.................................................. 290
Table 74: Market opportunity assessment for graphene in flexible electronics, wearables, conductive films and displays............................................................................................................ 291
Table 75: Market challenges rating for graphene in the flexible electronics, wearables, conductive films and displays market................................................................................................................... 296
Table 76: Graphene product and application developers in transparent conductive films............ 297
Table 77: Comparative properties of conductive inks.......................................................................... 299
Table 78: Opportunities for graphene and 2D materials in printed electronics................................ 302
Table 79: Potential addressable market for graphene in conductive inks........................................ 303
Table 80: Graphene product and application developers in conductive inks................................... 305
Table 81: Comparative properties of silicon and graphene transistors............................................. 309
Table 82: Graphene and 2D materials in the transistors and integrated circuits market-applications, stage of commercialization and estimated economic impact....................................................... 311
Table 83: Market challenges rating for graphene in the transistors and integrated circuits market................................................................................................................................................................. 315
Table 84: Graphene product and application developers in transistors and integrated circuits... 315
Table 85: Graphene product and application developers in memory devices................................. 321
Table 86: Graphene properties relevant to application in optical modulators.................................. 324
Table 87: Market challenges rating for graphene in the photonics market....................................... 327
Table 88: Graphene product and application developers in photonics............................................. 327
Table 89: Graphene and 2D materials in the energy storage, conversion and exploration market-applications, stage of commercialization and estimated economic impact............................... 330
Table 90: Market opportunity assessment for graphene in the energy storage, conversion and exploration market............................................................................................................................... 330
Table 91: Potential addressable market for thin film, flexible and printed batteries........................ 336
Table 92: Market challenges rating for graphene in the batteries market........................................ 339
Table 93: Comparative properties of graphene supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries........... 341
Table 94: Market challenges rating for graphene in the supercapacitors market........................... 344
Table 95: Potential addressable market for thin film, flexible and printed batteries........................ 347
Table 96: Market challenges rating for graphene in the fuel cells market........................................ 350
Table 97: Application markets, competing materials, graphene advantages and current market size in oil and gas........................................................................................................................................ 360
Table 98: Market challenges rating for graphene in the oil and gas market.................................... 360
Table 99: Graphene product and application developers in the energy industry............................ 361
Table 100: Graphene and 2D materials in the filtration and separation market-applications, stage of commercialization and estimated economic impact...................................................................... 370
Table 101: Market opportunity assessment for graphene in the filtration and separation market. 370
Table 102: Market challenges rating for graphene in the filtration and separation market............ 371
Table 103: Graphene product and application developers in the filtration industry........................ 371
Table 104: Applications of carbon nanomaterials in lubricants.......................................................... 374
Table 105: Market challenges rating for graphene in the lubricants market.................................... 375
Table 106: Graphene product and application developers in the lubricants industry.................... 375
Table 107: Graphene properties relevant to application in sensors.................................................. 378
Table 108: Comparison of ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and graphene biosensor................................................................................................................................................................. 382
Table 109: Graphene and 2D materials in the sensors market-applications, stage of commercialization and estimated economic impact...................................................................... 384
Table 110: Market opportunity assessment for graphene in the filtration and separation market. 384
Table 111: Market challenges rating for graphene in the sensors market....................................... 387
Table 112: Graphene product and application developers in the sensors industry........................ 388
Table 113: Desirable functional properties for the textiles industry afforded by the use of nanomaterials....................................................................................................................................... 392
Table 114: Global market for smart clothing and apparel, 2014-2021, units and revenues (US$). 393
Table 115: Graphene and 2D materials in the textiles market-applications, stage of commercialization and estimated economic impact...................................................................... 394
Table 116: Graphene product and application developers in the textiles industry........................ 396
Table 117: Graphene properties relevant to application in 3D printing............................................. 398
Table 118: Graphene and 2D materials in the 3D printing market-applications, stage of commercialization and estimated economic impact...................................................................... 399
Table 119: Market challenges rating for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in the 3D printing market.................................................................................................................................................... 400
Table 120: Graphene product and application developers in the 3D printing industry................... 400
Table 121: Graphene producers and types produced......................................................................... 402
Figure 7: Graphite and graphene............................................................................................................... 71
Figure 8: Graphene and its descendants: top right: graphene; top left: graphite = stacked graphene; bottom right: nanotube=rolled graphene; bottom left: fullerene=wrapped graphene. ............... 72
Figure 9: Schematic of (a) CQDs and (c) GQDs. HRTEM images of (b) C-dots and (d) GQDs showing combination of zigzag and armchair edges (positions marked as 1–4)........................ 75
Figure 11: Graphene can be rolled up into a carbon nanotube, wrapped into a fullerene, and stacked into graphite............................................................................................................................. 78
Figure 12: Black phosphorus structure..................................................................................................... 85
Figure 13: Structural difference between graphene and C2N-h2D crystal: (a) graphene; (b) C2N-h2D crystal.............................................................................................................................................. 88
Figure 16: Schematic of Graphane crystal............................................................................................... 94
Figure 17: Structure of hexagonal boron nitride...................................................................................... 96
Figure 18: Structure of 2D molybdenum disulfide................................................................................... 98
Figure 19: Atomic force microscopy image of a representative MoS2 thin-film transistor............... 99
Figure 20: Schematic of the molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) thin-film sensor with the deposited molecules that create additional charge.......................................................................................... 100
Figure 21: Schematic of a monolayer of rhenium disulphide.............................................................. 101
Figure 29: TEM micrographs of: A) HR-CNFs; B) GANF® HR-CNF, it can be observed its high graphitic structure; C) Unraveled ribbon from the HR-CNF; D) Detail of the ribbon; E) Scheme of the structure of the HR-CNFs; F) Large single graphene oxide sheets derived from GANF.. 115
Figure 30: Graphene nanoribbons grown on germanium................................................................... 118
Figure 31: Methods of synthesizing high-quality graphene................................................................. 120
Figure 43: Potential addressable market for graphene-enabled applications in the automotive sector..................................................................................................................................................... 213
Figure 44: Potential addressable market for graphene-enabled applications in the automotive sector..................................................................................................................................................... 215
Figure 47: Graphene Frontiers’ Six™ chemical sensors consists of a field effect transistor (FET) with a graphene channel. Receptor molecules, such as DNA, are attached directly to the graphene channel................................................................................................................................ 226
Figure 48: Graphene-Oxide based chip prototypes for biopsy-free early cancer diagnosis.......... 227
Figure 49: Potential addressable market for graphene-enabled applications in the biomedical and healthcare market................................................................................................................................ 231
Figure 50: Heat transfer coating developed at MIT.............................................................................. 242
Figure 51: Water permeation through a brick without (left) and with (right) “graphene paint” coating................................................................................................................................................................. 247
Figure 52: Four layers of graphene oxide coatings on polycarbonate.............................................. 250
Figure 53: Global Paints and Coatings Market, share by end user market...................................... 251
Figure 54: Potential addressable market for graphene in the coatings market............................... 257
Figure 55: Potential addressable market for graphene in the coatings market............................... 258
Figure 56: Potential addressable market for graphene in composites.............................................. 267
Figure 57: Potential addressable market for graphene in the composites market.......................... 268
Figure 59: Graphene electrochromic devices. Top left: Exploded-view illustration of the graphene electrochromic device. The device is formed by attaching two graphene-coated PVC substrates face-to-face and filling the gap with a liquid ionic electrolyte....................................................... 279
Figure 64: BeBop Media Arm Controller................................................................................................ 285
Figure 65: LG Innotek flexible textile pressure sensor......................................................................... 286
Figure 66: Wearable gas sensor............................................................................................................. 288
Figure 67: A large transparent conductive graphene film (about 20 × 20 cm2) manufactured by 2D Carbon Tech. Figure 24a (right): Prototype of a mobile phone produced by 2D Carbon Tech using a graphene touch panel........................................................................................................... 289
Figure 68: Global market revenues for smart wearable devices 2014-2021, in US$..................... 290
Figure 69: Potential addressable market for graphene in flexible electronics, wearables, conductive films and displays................................................................................................................................ 292
Figure 70: Potential addressable market for graphene in the flexible electronics, wearables, conductive films and displays market.............................................................................................. 293
Figure 71: Schematic of the wet roll-to-roll graphene transfer from copper foils to polymeric substrates............................................................................................................................................. 295
Figure 72: The transmittance of glass/ITO, glass/ITO/four organic layers, and glass/ITO/four organic layers/4-layer graphene...................................................................................................................... 296
Figure 76: Potential addressable market for graphene in the conductive ink market..................... 305
Figure 77: Graphene IC in wafer tester.................................................................................................. 308
Figure 78: Schematic cross-section of a graphene based transistor (GBT, left) and a graphene field-effect transistor (GFET, right)............................................................................................................ 310
Figure 79: Potential addressable market for graphene in transistors and integrated circuits....... 312
Figure 80: Potential addressable market for graphene in the transistors and integrated circuits market.................................................................................................................................................... 313
Figure 81: Graphene oxide-based RRAm device on a flexible substrate......................................... 318
Figure 82: Layered structure of tantalum oxide, multilayer graphene and platinum used for resistive random access memory (RRAM)..................................................................................................... 320
Figure 83: A schematic diagram for the mechanism of the resistive switching in metal/GO/Pt.... 321
Figure 85: Wearable health monitor incorporating graphene photodetectors.................................. 325
Figure 86: Energy harvesting textile....................................................................................................... 333
Figure 87: Potential addressable market for graphene in the thin film, flexible and printed batteries market.................................................................................................................................................... 338
Figure 90: Solar cell with nanowires and graphene electrode............................................................ 346
Figure 91: Potential addressable market for thin film, flexible and printed batteries...................... 348
Figure 92: Schematic of boron doped graphene for application in gas sensors............................. 354
Figure 93: An uncoated copper condenser tube (top left) is shown next to a similar tube coated with graphene. (top right)........................................................................................................................... 356
Figure 94: Directa Plus Grafysorber....................................................................................................... 358
Figure 95: Nanometer-scale pores in single-layer freestanding graphene membrane can effectively filter NaCl salt from water................................................................................................................... 359
Figure 96: Degradation of organic dye molecules by graphene hybrid composite photocatalysts. 369
Figure 98: First generation point of care diagnostics........................................................................... 381
Figure 99: Graphene Field Effect Transistor Schematic...................................................................... 382
Figure 100: Potential addressable market for graphene in the sensors market.............................. 386
Figure 101: Global market revenues for smart clothing and apparel 2014-2021, in US$.............. 394
Figure 102: Global market revenues for nanotech-enabled smart clothing and apparel 2014-2021, in US$, conservative estimate........................................................................................................... 395
Figure 103: Global market revenues for nanotech-enabled smart clothing and apparel 2014-2021, in US$, optimistic estimate................................................................................................................. 396
Figure 104: 3D Printed tweezers incorporating Carbon Nanotube Filament................................... 398
