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NapoleonNapoleon Young French Young French
general that general that rose up the rose up the ranks to ranks to become the become the leader of Franceleader of France
Coup de tatCoup de tat
Directory was Directory was losing popularitylosing popularity
Napoleon Napoleon overthrows the overthrows the government government (Coup de tat)(Coup de tat)
He now rules as He now rules as one of three one of three consulsconsuls
1799-18021799-1802 France defeats France defeats
22ndnd Coalition Coalition (Britain, (Britain, Prussia, & Prussia, & Russia)Russia)
Napoleon As Napoleon As EmperorEmperor
1804 crowns 1804 crowns himself emperorhimself emperor
Total support of Total support of the French the French PeoplePeople
Put forth many Put forth many reformsreforms
Helped solidify Helped solidify the governmentthe government
Napoleon’s Napoleon’s ReformsReforms1.1. Economic OrderEconomic Order – – set up a set up a
National BankNational Bank
2.2. Social OrderSocial Order – – Welcomed nobles Welcomed nobles backback
3.3. Religious OrderReligious Order – – Signed the Signed the ConcordatConcordat – agreement that set a new – agreement that set a new relationship between church & state. relationship between church & state. Religious freedom allowedReligious freedom allowed
4.4. Legal OrderLegal Order – – Wrote a new set of Wrote a new set of laws called the laws called the Napoleonic codeNapoleonic code
Military Military AccomplishmentsAccomplishments
War began War began with Europe with Europe in 1803in 1803
Won Won numerous numerous battles to battles to control control EuropeEurope
Battle of Battle of AusterlitzAusterlitz (December 1805)(December 1805) France defeats a France defeats a
bigger Austrian bigger Austrian & Prussian army& Prussian army
Masterful Masterful tactical victorytactical victory
Forces Austria Forces Austria out of the warout of the war
Battle of Battle of TrafalgarTrafalgar
October 1805October 1805 Napoleon Napoleon
knows he must knows he must defeat Britain’s defeat Britain’s navy to capture navy to capture BritainBritain
Battle of Battle of TrafalgarTrafalgar French navy French navy
meets British meets British navy outside of navy outside of GibraltarGibraltar
British navy led British navy led by Lord Horatio by Lord Horatio NelsonNelson
British force a British force a retreat & Britain retreat & Britain is savedis saved
18121812Napoleon controls Napoleon controls all of Europe except all of Europe except Britain & RussiaBritain & Russia
3 Mistakes of 3 Mistakes of NapoleonNapoleon1.1. Blockade of Blockade of
BritainBritain
2.2. Civil War in Civil War in SpainSpain
3.3. France France invaded invaded RussiaRussia
British British BlockadeBlockade BlockadeBlockade – a – a
naval stoppage naval stoppage of all goodsof all goods
Napoleon hopes Napoleon hopes to squeeze the to squeeze the life out of Britainlife out of Britain
It failed – France It failed – France didn’t have the didn’t have the navy / British navy / British start their own start their own blockade vs. blockade vs. FranceFrance
SpainSpainNapoleon Napoleon
lost 300,000 lost 300,000 men trying men trying to put down to put down rebellions in rebellions in SpainSpain
Russian Russian InvasionInvasion
As Napoleon As Napoleon invaded Russia, invaded Russia, Russian troops Russian troops pulled backpulled back
They refused to They refused to meet France in meet France in an open battlean open battle
Russian Russian InvasionInvasion Napoleon went Napoleon went
deeper into the deeper into the country as country as winterwinter started started
The Russians The Russians burned burned everything in everything in their retreattheir retreat
Russian Russian InvasionInvasion
When Napoleon When Napoleon reached Moscow, reached Moscow, it was destroyed it was destroyed & deserted& deserted
Napoleon Napoleon retreats as his retreats as his army was army was freezingfreezing
Russians attack Russians attack from behind from behind
Battle of LeipzigBattle of Leipzig The coalition of The coalition of
Prussia, Britain, Prussia, Britain, & Russia & Russia attacked France attacked France herehere
Forced Forced Napoleon to Napoleon to surrender in surrender in ParisParis
Napoleon’s ExileNapoleon’s Exile Napoleon was Napoleon was
sent away to sent away to ElbaElba
Small island Small island next to Italynext to Italy
Returned 9 Returned 9 months later to months later to FranceFrance
Battle of Battle of WaterlooWaterloo Napoleon forces Napoleon forces
met British forces met British forces in Belgiumin Belgium
Long bloody battle Long bloody battle ensuedensued
Duke of Wellington Duke of Wellington – British – British commander, broke commander, broke French lines & French lines & France was France was defeateddefeated
Napoleon’s Final Napoleon’s Final ExileExile
Sent away to Sent away to St. HelenaSt. Helena
Died 6 Years Died 6 Years LaterLater