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Narrative therapy & Virtual Environments
Natasha Hammond – 2014
Graduate Centre of Applied Psychology
Athabasca University
Technology & Everyday Life
Second Life
Cybercounselling
Second Life & Social Anxiety Disorder
Support for Narrative Therapy in a Virtual Environment
Platform for Client metaphor
Offers new ways for collaboration
Co-construction of preferred Client story with advantage of a visual tool
Clients can witness themselves in their preferred stories
New opportunity to access Narrative Therapy
Limitations & Ethical Considerations
Internet addiction
Value of in-person therapy
Operating within boundaries of counsellor competence
Limits of confidentiality and anonymity
References
Allison, S. E., von Wahlde, L., Shockley, T., & Gabbard, G. O. (2006). The development of the self in the era of the internet and role-playing fantasy games. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 163(3), 381-5. Retrieved from http://0-search.proquest.com.aupac.lib.athabascau.ca/docview/220505967?accountid=8408
American Psychological Association. (2013). American Psychological Association: APA statement on services by telephone, teleconferencing, and internet: A statement by the Ethics Committee of the American Psychological Association. Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/ethics/education/telephone-statement.aspx
Avination Virtual Limited. (2013). Avination: The unique virtual experience. Retrieved from https://www.avination.com/about-avination.html
Barak, A., Hen, L., Boniel-Nissim, M., & Shapira, N. A. (2008). A comprehensive review and a meta-analysis of the effectiveness of internet-based psychotherapeutic interventions. Journal of Technology in Human Services, 26(2-4), 109-160. doi:10.1080/15228830802094429
Gerardi, M., Rothbaum, B., Ressler, K., Heekin, M., & Rizzo, A. (2008). Virtual reality exposure therapy using a virtual Iraq: Case report. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 21(2), 209-213. doi:10.1002/jts.20331
Gorini, A., Gaggioli, A., Vigna, C., & Riva, G. (2008). A Second Life for eHealth: prospects for the use of 3-D virtual worlds in clinical psychology. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 10(3), e21. doi:10.2196/jmir.1029
Linden Research, Inc. (2013). Second Life: Avatar. Retrieved from http://secondlife.com/whatis/avatar/?lang=en-US
Marco, J. H., Perpiñá, C., & Botella, C. (2013). Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy supported by virtual reality in the treatment of body image in eating disorders: One year follow-up. Psychiatry Research, 209(3), 619-625. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.02.023
Murphy, L., Mitchell, D., & Hallett, R. (2011). A comparison of client characteristics in cyber and in-person counseling. Annual Review of Cybertherapy and Telemedicine: Advanced Technologies in Behavioral, Social, and Neurosciences. Retrieved from http://www.therapyonline.ca/cybercounselling/_protected/resources/Readings/Client_Characteristics_in_Cyber_and_In-Person_Counselling.pdf
Murphy, L., Parnass, P., Mitchell, D. L., Hallett, R., Cayley, P., & Seagram, S. (2009). Client satisfaction and outcome comparisons of online and face-to-face counselling methods. British Journal of Social Work, 39(4), 627-640. doi:10.1093/bjsw/bcp041
Riva, G. (2011). The key to unlocking the virtual body: Virtual reality in the treatment of obesity and eating disorders. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, 5(2), 283-292. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3125918/pdf/dst-05-0283.pdf
Wallach, H. S., Safir, M. P., & Bar-Zvi, M. (2009). Virtual Reality Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Public Speaking Anxiety A Randomized Clinical Trial. Behavior modification, 33(3), 314-338. doi:10.1177/0145445509331926
White, M., & Epston, D. (1990). Narrative means to therapeutic ends. New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Yuen, E. K., Herbert, J. D., Forman, E. M., Goetter, E. M., Comer, R., & Bradley, J. C. (2013). Treatment of social anxiety disorder using online virtual environments in Second Life. Behavior therapy. doi:10.1016/j.beth.2012.06.001